Database and types of database

Date:9-1-2015

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DATABASE AND TYPES OF DATABASE

DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

A Database is a collection of records.

Database management systems are designed

as the means of managing

all the records. DBMS is a software system

designed to allow the definition , update ,

retrieval and administration of databases.

TYPES OF DATABASE

•Relational database

•Document oriented database

•Embedded database

•Graph database

•Hypertext database

•Operational database

•Distributed database

•Flat file

RELATIONAL DATABASE

A relational database is a database that has a collection

of tables of data items.

Data in a single table represents a relations.

Tables consist of rows and columns.

The columns constitute the attributes.

The rows constitute tuples.

• Row-A data set representing a single item.

• Column-A labeled element of a tuple, e.g. "Address" or "Date of

birth”, of multiple data item.

A primary key is used to uniquely identify each row.

The foreign key a column or group of columns in one table that

points to the primary key of another table.

DOCUMENT ORIENTED DATABASE

A computer program designed for storing, retrieving and

managing document oriented information.

Documents inside a document-oriented database are similar to

records or rows in relational databases.

Do not store data in tables with uniform sized fields for each

record.

Any number of fields of any length can be added to a document.

EMBEDDED DATABASE

•The databases consist of data developed by individual end

users.

•Examples of these are collection of documents, spreadsheets,

presentations and other files.

GRAPH DATABASE

A graph database is a database that uses graph structures with

nodes, edges, and properties to represent and store data.

A graph database is any storage system that provides index-free

adjacency.

This means that every element contains a direct pointer to its

adjacent elements.

HYPERTEXT DATABASE

Hypertext databases are particularly useful for organizing large

amount of disparate information.

Hypertext is text displayed on a computer display or other

electronic devices with references to other text which the reader

can immediately access.

Pages often written in HTML.

OPERATIONAL DATABASE

An operational database contains data about the things

that go on inside an organization or enterprise.

Example: data on customer complaints, employee

information, etc.

DISTRIBUTED DATABASE

It is a database in which portions of the database are stored on

multiple computers within a network.

The DDBMS synchronizes all the data periodically.

Updates and deletes performed on the data at one location will

be automatically reflected in the data stored elsewhere.

FLAT FILE

A flat file database is a database that stores data in a

plain text file.

Flat files are ideal for small amount of data.

Each line of the text file holds one record, with fields

separated by delimiters, such as commas or tabs.

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