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This presentation goes along with the paper (also uploaded here) A Real Time Online Delphi Decision System, V 2.0: Crisis Management Support during Extreme Events. This is a free and open source system that is available with the Sahana Disaster Mgmt System - python version http://delphi.sahanafoundation.org/ enjoy! Dr. Connie White
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A REAL TIME ONLINE DELPHI DECISION SYSTEM, V 2.0:
CRISIS MANAGEMENT SUPPORT DURING EXTREME EVENTS
A MODULE CONTRIBUTION TO
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Connie White Murray Turoff Roxanne Hiltz Jacksonville State University New Jersey Institute of Technology Jacksonville, Alabama, USA Newark, New jersey, USA
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http://demo.sahanapy.org
How to make better decisions managing disasters
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Lithia Springs, Georgia, 2009WICKED PROBLEMS
Chaos Time Critical High Stress Information Overload Lack of Resources Lack of Information Situational Assessment Uncertainty Need Feedback Congested Quarters Disorganization Who’s In Charge?
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How to organize, manage and prioritize all
risk?
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Present Working Environment
Internet Access
Browser – pc or smart phone
Collaboration
Collective Intelligence
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Dynamics of Group Membership
Not all members have to participate in order for results to be ongoing, real time and reflected.
System can be used by members anytime
System can be used from anywhere there is the Internet and a browser- Android phone
Moderator can change who is in the group and modify the individual’s privileges.
Delphi Technique Characteristics
ANONYMITY FEEDBACK SINGLE GROUP CALCULATION
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Designed System based on Delphi Technique
Anonymity Voting is anonymous Item creation is anonymous
Individual input results in a single group opinion Users enter opinions as independent ranked list Sub-item selection, muddling through
Feedback Scale of results
Visual Interpretation of the data – Comparative Judgment yields more precise representation of expert’s opinion and group’s opinion
Forum Discussion Interaction between crisis managers
Provides more information Exposes and resolves ambiguities Exposes and focuses on true uncertainties for input Reduces information overload
Constructs
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Design Science Research1st Iteration: Campus Threat Assessment Agreement
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Severe Weather Top Threat Central Alabama
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Agreement and Disagreement
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Design Science Research
2nd Iteration: Top Excuses Why Students Miss Midterms
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Version 2.0: Five Tools Provided
1. Problem Management1. Add New2. View Existing3. Add members
2. Solution List 1. Generation 2. Select subgroup of items for consideration
3. Voting1. Input expert opinion through paired comparison
4. Visual Scale 1. quick interpretation of data providing more information due to
distance between alternatives
5. Unique Group Creation1. 4 Roles Supported: moderator, contributor, guest, participant
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Problem Management Tool
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Solution List Generation Tool
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Item Selection: Muddling Through
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Voting Tool: paired comparisons
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Reasons behind usingPaired Comparisons for Voting
High stress Information overload Memory capacity Sleep deprivation
Paired Comparisons provide a more accurate reflection of the expert’s opinion with > 7 items in current memory.
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Scale of ResultsThurstone’s Law of Comparative Judgment
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Thurstone’s Law of Comparative Judgment
Visual interpretation of information reduces information overload, quicker to interpret
Better than a priority ranked list of equal intervals in that each solution is in proximity to the other solutions indicating ‘how much more’ one solution is preferred to another by the group.
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Groups and Membership Roles
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USING EXPERTS DECREASES
UNCERTAINTY
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Need Practitioner’s Input
Need Large Groups of Experts to Test System
Can this be used during any phase of EM? Mitigation Preparedness Response Recovery
What exercises/problem types should be used to test the system?
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FUTURE MODIFICATIONS
• Normalization of Scale• Reduce total number of paired comparisons
• Transitivity• What changes need to be made so that this will work in the real world?• Other suggestions of additional tools needed?
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Questions? Comments?
Play around with the system at:
http://delphi.sahanafoundation.org/
For additional help contact: Connie Whiteconnie.m.white@gmail.com
THANK YOU
Special Thanks to the Sahana FoundationIn particular: Fran Boon, site mentor Reza Mohammadi, program developer
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