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Slides from Shohei Azuma's talk on CSU East Bay LUG on 2008-03-15
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Linux Load Balancing andMySQL Replication
Shohei Azuma
Load Balancing
Ultramonkey Layer 4 / Layer 7 http://sourceforge.jp/projects/ultramonkey-l7 OSI Model Layer 4
TCP, UDP, SPX, NetBEUI
OSI Model Layer 7 HTTP, SMTP, SNMP, FTP, Telnet
Requirements Two identical Linux Servers
Ultramonkey Layer4
Technology Linux Virtual Server Heartbeat Ldirectord ipvsadmin
Types of Load Balancing rr, wrr, lc, wlc masq , gate
http://enterprisezine.jp/article/detail/228?p=2
Ultramonkey Layer 7
Technology Linux Virtual Server Heartbeat l7directord l7vsadmin
Types of Load Balancing rr, lc masq (gate no longer works)
Cont.d
Layer 7 Specific character string
if *.php go to server1, esle -> server2 Session persistence
shopping carts, payments, etc SSL Cockie Replication
Sample configuration http://ultramonkey-l7.sourceforge.jp/index_en.html
MySQL Replication
Why replication Failover, Backup, load balancing, etc
Terms Binary logs, master, slave, ndb, position, Cluster
Cluster more than 2 storage nodes, one manager, and more than
two API nodes http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.1/ja/images/cluster-replication-overview.png Requires a lot of memory Require very fast connections. (Gigabit reccomended)
One Way Replication
Master -> Slave Replication One Master DB server, and slave DB server When Master is updated, slave will be updated Apps only writes to master server
Multi Way Replication
Server 1 :Master1, Slave 1 Server 2 :Master2, Slave 2
Master1 -> Slave2 replication, Master2 -> slave2 replication, Must be careful not to be in race cond.
Better if one is read only
Configuration
Issues Only writable to one of the hosts to avoid
inconsistent tables Loads will be based on the web server's loads Moving to cluster will be too costly
MySQL Multi Master Configuration http://www.onlamp.com/pub/a/onlamp/2006/04/20/advanced-mysql-replication.html Multi-Master with cluster for remote sites
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.1/ja/images/cluster-replication-overview.png
Ultramonkey + MySQL
Two web servers with 2 NICs
Two MySQL servers Scalable on separete
layer Move Muti-Master to
cluster when adding many more nodes
References
Ultramonkey Project Download http://sourceforge.jp/projects/ultramonkey-l7
masquerading/Gating http://enterprisezine.jp/article/detail/228?p=2
MySQL Cluster Diagram http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.1/ja/images/cluster-replication-overview.png
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