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Next-Generation MobilityTechnology & Trials
Mat Ford
matthew.ford@bt.com
Agenda
• Why Mobile IP?• Mobile IPv6 technical overview• Mobile IPv6 vs. Mobile IPv4• Mobile IPv6 - Enhancements• Mobile IPv6 - Status• Home Networking and Mobile IPv6• 3G and Mobile IPv6• SmartMobility Trial – Hong Kong• 6WINIT – IPv6 Wireless Internet Initiative• Questions
Why Mobile IP?(1)
• Both ends of TCP connection need to keep the same IP address for the duration of the session– This is the Home Address used for end-to-end
communication
• IP needs to allocate new address when you move point-of-attachment to the network– This is the Care-of Address used for routing
• MobileIP turns mobility problem into routing problem by maintaining a dynamic association between HA and COA known as a Binding
Visited Net
Why Mobile IP?(2)
Home Net
Mobile Node
Home Agent
Internet
Visited Net
Correspondent
TCP
conn
ectio
nMobile Node
TCP connection
TCP connection
Mobile Node
MobileIPv6 Technical Overview(1)
• Router advertises routing prefix: • Mobile node auto-configures Care-of Address
• Mobile Node sends Binding Updates to Home Agent and Correspondents
• Mobile Node is ‘Always-On’ by way of Home Agent
2001:618:6:f1::
2001:618:6:f1:: 2d0:b7ff:fe91:5c0c
2001:618:6:f1:2d0:b7ff:fe91:5c0c
+
=
MobileIPv6 Technical Overview(2)
Home Net
Home Agent
Internet
Visited Net
Correspondent
Mobile Node
TCP
conn
ectio
nMobile Node
2001:618:6:f1:: 2d0:b7ff:fe91:5c0c2001:618:6:f1:2d0:b7ff:fe91:5c0c
Binding UpdateTCP connectionBinding Update
MobileIPv6 vs. MobileIPv4
• Binding Updates allow mobile node to notify correspondents of current location – no ‘dog-leg’ routes
• Home Address Option permits topologically correct source address use – eliminates problems with ingress-filters
• Routing Headers remove overheads associated with encapsulation
• Enough security is built in (although key distribution problematical)
MobileIPv6 – enhancements(1)
• Hierarchical MobileIPv6• AAA interactions• Fast/Smooth/Seamless Handoffs• Header Compression• Enable MobileIPv6 to act as mobility technology
within and between cellular networks – All-IP Cellular Networks
MobileIPv6 – enhancements(2)
Context H
andover
Heirarchical MIP
Heira
rchi
cal M
IP
AAA
MobileIPv6 - status
• Details of IPsec use in MobileIPv6 have been worked out
• Base protocol is at Last Call in the IETF• Various interop tests have been successfully
completed• Several publicly available implementations
• Autoconfiguration• Always On• Incoming comms for remote home automation• Security• P2P is growing fast• Large numbers of devices
Home networking with IPv6
Home networking & Mobile IPv6(1)
• Without MobileIP, connections from UserA to UserB have to go via ISP A and ISP B
• Inefficient routing• Poor scalability• Multiple single-points-of-
failure
ISP B
UserA
UserB
ISP A
Home networking & Mobile IPv6(2)
• MobileIPv6 provides optimal traffic path
• Only initial traffic is routed through other ISPs point of attachment
• Subsequent traffic routed directly to COA
• Improves scalability
ISP B
UserA
UserB
ISP A
IPv6 in 3G networks
• IM domain is specified IPv6 only in Release 4/5• Are terminals dual-stack or IPv6-only?• Is backbone network dual-stack or IPv6-only?• In time all network elements will migrate to an
IPv6-only solution• Inter-working uses DSTM? NAT-PT?
IPv6 in 3G networks
SIP
SIP
Media GatewayControl Function
PSTN
3G IM DomainIPv6 Network
Call StateControl(CSCF)
Media Gateway(MGW)
E-SGSN E-GGSNIPv4
Internet &
Intranets
IPv4 or IPv6 Internet / intranet
v4v6
IPv6 Backbone for Tunnelling Layer
v4v6
v4v6
3G and MobileIPv6
• MobileIPv6 enables seamless roaming between 3G/cellular environment and fixed home/corporate networks
• MobileIPv6 not currently specified in 3GPP
Smart v6 Trial
• Collaboration between BT, SmarTone and Ericsson
• Intended to demonstrate IPv6 applications, IPv6/IPv4 interworking, IPv6 over GPRS, and MobileIPv6 including intelligent content delivery
• Support SmarTone in their bid for a 3G license• 2 day event in Hong Kong October 24th/25th
Smart v6 Trial
• Scenario 1: IPv6-only clients, IPv6-only network running Quake, mp3, Video, WWW
• Scenario 2: Interworking IPv4 and IPv6• Scenario 3: MobileIPv6 and content customisation• Scenario 4: Inter-technology handover
IPv4 GPRSContainer
RNC
WLAN BS2
Serial Router 2
Ultima202.140.100.18
202.140.100.22-30
HKLive IPv4
MAP202.140.100.20
Scenario 4: Fixed/Mobile
roaming
R520Ethernet
Scenario 3: Broadband MobileIPv6
Scenario 2: Wireless
broadband IPv6
WLAN BS1 Scenario 1: Fixed
broadband IPv6
VOD
Local Native IPv6 Network
HA
Hub 3
Hub 2
APPS(WWW, MP3, Quake, DNS)
202.140.100.17
PROXY202.140.100.19
CN
Hub 1
Router 1
Ethernet 6in4 tunnel202.140.100.21
PC 6in4 tunnelPrivate IPv4 addresses
To UK
PC
MIPv6
MIPv6
Smart v6 Trial
Scenario 1: Broadband IPv6
Applications Server
DNS Server
HK IPv6 Network
WLAN
Quake IPv6 LocalInternet
IPv6 MP3 Audio
IPv6 VoD
Scenario 2: IPv6 meets IPv4
DNS Server
HK IPv6 Network
IPv4 Internet
UK IPv6 Network
IPv6 Internet
IPv4Internet
IPv6 MP3 Audio
Scenario 3: MobileIPv6
Portal Server
Database Server
Home Agent
IPv4 InternetHK IPv6
Network
Local News & Weather
Home Domain
Office Domain
WLAN
Business News, Shares & Reminders
WLAN
MIPv6
Scenario 4: Inter-technology handover
Portal Server
Database Server
Home Agent
IPv4 Internet
WLAN
HK IPv6 Network
GPRS
Business News, Shares & Reminders
Mobile Domain
Low Bandwidth
Business News, Shares & Reminders
GPRS
Office Domain
High Bandwidth
Business News, Shares & Reminders
Reformatted
MIPv6
Smart v6 Trial
Smart v6 Trial
• Compaq iPAQ 32MB• OS on Flash ROM• Runs LINUX• Support for WLAN, USB• Developing IPv6 support• Need applications…
6WINIT – IPv6 Wireless Internet Initiative
• EU Fifth Framework project• 18 project participants including US, Korea and
Canada• Aims to build international wireless IPv6
infrastructure and application testbed• Applications: generic and clinical• 2 year project 01/01/01 – 31/12/02• BT will provide network infrastructure and
interworking expertise
Questions?
• Thanks for your attention• Any questions?
www.bt.com/ipv6matthew.ford@bt.com
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