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The role of open systems for unfettered access to software for developers; the role for innovation and competitiveness
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Open Systems, Innovation, and Competitiveness
International Scientific Conference“Research&Development as the Basis for Innovation in
Creating the Competitive Region“Podgorica, Montenegro, 12—13 Nov. 2010
Dr. rer. nat. Hellmuth BrodaDr. Hellmuth Broda Consulting, Basel
10.3.2010 © 2010 Dr Hellmuth Broda Consulting -- www.hellmuthbroda.com 2
What Everybody Tells You
10.3.2010 © 2010 Dr Hellmuth Broda Consulting -- www.hellmuthbroda.com 3
Three Faces of Open
Open Source
= Opportunity
(for developers)
Open Standards
= Competitiveness
(for industry) and Choice
(for users)
Open Systems
= Inter-
operability(for industry)
10.3.2010 © 2010 Dr Hellmuth Broda Consulting -- www.hellmuthbroda.com 4
Who Benefits?
Open Source=
Opportunity(for developers)
10.3.2010 © 2010 Dr Hellmuth Broda Consulting -- www.hellmuthbroda.com 5
What is Open Source?
Using Shared Resources to Solve Needs and Create Wealth
• Distribute binaries and source code• Freely modifiable and re-distributable• Non-discriminatory• Consensus driven projects• Meritocracy• Peer review and public discussion• OK to make money - but not for access to code
10.3.2010 © 2010 Dr Hellmuth Broda Consulting -- www.hellmuthbroda.com 6
Joy's Law
Innovation will happen,and it will happen
Somewhere Else
Bill JoyAspen Institute
10.3.2010 © 2010 Dr Hellmuth Broda Consulting -- www.hellmuthbroda.com 7
Open Source in a Nutshell
A community of developers• Learning from each other• Sharing a code commons• Protecting the commoms• Creating “wealth” from
the commons• Enriching the commons
in the process
The guild model re-discovered? Using the commons, the young can “stand on the
shoulders of the elders” “Wiki” for software
10.3.2010 © 2010 Dr Hellmuth Broda Consulting -- www.hellmuthbroda.com 8
But ...Open Source
relies onOpen Systems
(and Open Standards) for
Interoperability
10.3.2010 © 2010 Dr Hellmuth Broda Consulting -- www.hellmuthbroda.com 9
Who Benefits?
Open Systems=
Interoperability(for industry)
10.3.2010 © 2010 Dr Hellmuth Broda Consulting -- www.hellmuthbroda.com 10
What Are Open Systems?
Published interfaces enable interoperability Third parties can compete with a different
implementation permit different implementation of identical
functionalities enable some degree of exchangeability can be manufacturer specific use of the interface can require royalty
payments to the manufacturer
10.3.2010 © 2010 Dr Hellmuth Broda Consulting -- www.hellmuthbroda.com 11
Characteristics of Open Systems
Everything necessary to do the job is defined and published
No need to escape to use proprietary facilities
No undocumented features, no insider tips & tricks
Modules can be exchanged (integrateability)
10.3.2010 © 2010 Dr Hellmuth Broda Consulting -- www.hellmuthbroda.com 12
Who Benefits?
Open Standards=
Competitiveness(for industry)
and Choice (for users)
10.3.2010 © 2010 Dr Hellmuth Broda Consulting -- www.hellmuthbroda.com 13
Standards in Other Infrastructure Projects
Railroads have standards for rail gauges Roads need standards to ensure smooth
traffic Ports have standards to ensure smooth flow
of ships Airports have standards to ensure aircrafts
do not crash Even the sewerage system has a plethora
of standards including the size of the manholes
10.3.2010 © 2010 Dr Hellmuth Broda Consulting -- www.hellmuthbroda.com 14
Open Standards are Open if they:
Are created and modified through open participation in a widely-recognized vendor-neutral industry forum,
Are available to anyone for implementation and use on a royalty free basis, and
Have no intellectual property encumbrances on their use.
10.3.2010 © 2010 Dr Hellmuth Broda Consulting -- www.hellmuthbroda.com 15
Special Case of Open Standard:
Open Format=
Access(For Posterity)
10.3.2010 © 2010 Dr Hellmuth Broda Consulting -- www.hellmuthbroda.com 16
The Problem: Permanent Information Loss
Let us learn from the disasters that affected the Library of AlexandriaWhere we lost the knowledge of the world from that time
Fires and other destructions have been reported from 48 BC (Cesar), 275 AD (Aurelian), 391 AD (Theophilus), 642 AD (Muslim conquest) – Source: Wikipedia
10.3.2010 © 2010 Dr Hellmuth Broda Consulting -- www.hellmuthbroda.com 17
What is OpenDocument Format (ODF)?
Open standard specification for displaying and storing data files
Only available open, vendor-neutral, standardized format for office applications
Can be implemented by any document processing application vendor
Provides access to documents, independent of the applications that created them
Approved by OASIS in May 2005 Approved by ISO for international standardization on May 4,
2006
10.3.2010 © 2010 Dr Hellmuth Broda Consulting -- www.hellmuthbroda.com 18
An Open Format is OPEN,if it is:
Based on an underlying open standard Developed through a publicly visible,
community driven process Affirmed and maintained by a vendor-
independent standards body Fully documented and publicly available Without proprietary extensions
10.3.2010 © 2010 Dr Hellmuth Broda Consulting -- www.hellmuthbroda.com 19
SummaryOpen Source, Open Systems, Open
Standards and Open Formats willpave the way to
Digital Sustainability
10.3.2010 © 2010 Dr Hellmuth Broda Consulting -- www.hellmuthbroda.com 20
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION
Dr. Hellmuth Brodahb@hellmuthbroda.comPresentation download from:
www.hellmuthbroda.com/downloads/
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