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@TheMattBrunt
BEHAVIOUR DRIVEN DEVELOPMENT & BEHAT
TELLING STORIES THROUGH CODE
@TheMattBrunt
Senior Software Engineer Viva IT
@TheMattBrunt @PHPem
@TheMattBrunt
BEFORE WE TALK ABOUT BDD
@TheMattBrunt
LET’S QUICKLY TALK ABOUT TESTING
@TheMattBrunt
TDD VS BDD
@TheMattBrunt
BDD IS TDD ‘DONE RIGHT’IT’S OFTEN SAID THAT…
@TheMattBrunt
TDD IS BUILDING THE THING RIGHT
@TheMattBrunt
BDD IS BUILDING THE RIGHT THING
@TheMattBrunt
BEHAVIOUR DRIVEN DEVELOPMENT
@TheMattBrunt
WE’LL BE LOOKING AT SCENARIO BDD
@TheMattBrunt
BDD IS A SECOND-GENERATION, OUTSIDE-IN, PULL-BASED, MULTIPLE-STAKEHOLDER, MULTIPLE-SCALE, HIGH-AUTOMATION, AGILE METHODOLOGY.
DAN NORTH
http://dannorth.net/whats-in-a-story/
@TheMattBrunt
SECOND-GENERATIONBREAK DOWN
@TheMattBrunt
MULTIPLE-STAKEHOLDERBREAK DOWN
@TheMattBrunt
AGILE METHODOLOGYBREAK DOWN
@TheMattBrunt
MULTIPLE STAKEHOLDERS
@TheMattBrunt
CONVERSATIONS ARE KEY
@TheMattBrunt
HAVING CONVERSATIONS > CAPTURING
CONVERSATIONSAUTOMATING
CONVERSATIONS>
@TheMattBrunt
HAVE CONVERSATIONS BEFORE YOU START WRITING CODE
@TheMattBrunt
CAPTURE THE CONVERSATIONS SO YOU CAN USE THEM TO DRIVE DEVELOPMENT
@TheMattBrunt
BDD IS THE ART OF USING EXAMPLES IN CONVERSATIONS TO ILLUSTRATE BEHAVIOUR
LIZ KEOGH
@TheMattBrunt
EXAMPLES ARE ESSENTIAL
@TheMattBrunt
SO, HOW DO WE WORK WITH THIS?
@TheMattBrunthttps://github.com/cucumber/cucumber/wiki/Gherkin
GHERKIN DSL
@TheMattBrunt
HUMAN READABLEGHERKIN IS…
@TheMattBrunt
MULTI-LINGUAL SUPPORTTOOLS CAN INCLUDE…
@TheMattBrunt
EN-PIRATEINCLUDING
https://github.com/Behat/Gherkin/blob/master/i18n.php#L313
@TheMattBrunt
KEYWORD BASEDGHERKIN IS…
@TheMattBrunt
LINE ORIENTEDGHERKIN IS…
@TheMattBrunt
DOCUMENTATIONGHERKIN IS…
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AUTOMATIONGHERKIN ALLOWS…
@TheMattBrunt
DEVELOPERS LOVE AUTOMATION
@TheMattBrunt
WRITING STORIES
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BE DESCRIPTIVE
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FEATURES ARE STORIES
@TheMattBrunt
SINGLE FEATURE PER FILE
@TheMattBrunt
Feature: As a [role] I want [feature] So that [benefit]
@TheMattBrunt
Feature: In order to [achieve value] As a [role] I want [feature]
https://lizkeogh.com/2008/05/14/rip-as-a-i-want-so-that/
@TheMattBrunt
SCENARIOS
@TheMattBrunt
SCENARIOS ARE EXAMPLES
@TheMattBrunt
EXAMPLES ARE ESSENTIAL
@TheMattBrunt
MULTIPLE SCENARIOSFEATURES CAN HAVE
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STEPS
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MULTIPLE STEPSSCENARIOS HAVE…
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KEYWORDS
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GIVENPUTS THE SYSTEM IN A KNOWN STATE
@TheMattBrunt
WHENDESCRIBE A KEY ACTION
@TheMattBrunt
THENDESCRIBE AN OBSERVABLE OUTCOME
@TheMattBrunt
Given I have a “Large T-Shirt” product
When I add a “Large T-Shirt” to my basket
Then I should have a “Large T-Shirt” in my basket
@TheMattBrunt
ANDTHERE’S ALSO…
@TheMattBrunt
BUTTHERE’S ALSO…
@TheMattBrunt
Given I have a “Large T-Shirt” product that costs £9.99
And I have an empty basket
And I am a tax-exempt customer
When I add a “Large T-Shirt” to my basket
Then I should have a “Large T-Shirt” in my basket
And the basket total should be £9.99
But I should not have tax applied to my order
@TheMattBrunt
STORY STRUCTURE: THE MAKEUP OF A FEATURE FILE
@TheMattBrunt
Feature: As a customer
I want to be able to add products to my basket
So that I can have a gift for my partner
Scenario: I can add a product to the basket
Given I have a "Large T-Shirt" product
When I add a “Large T-Shirt” to my basket
Then I should have a “Large T-Shirt” in my basket
FEATURE
@TheMattBrunt
SCENARIO
Feature: As a customer
I want to be able to add products to my basket
So that I can have a gift for my partner
Scenario: I can add a product to the basket
Given I have a "Large T-Shirt" product
When I add a “Large T-Shirt” to my basket
Then I should have a “Large T-Shirt” in my basket
@TheMattBrunt
STEP
Feature: As a customer
I want to be able to add products to my basket
So that I can have a gift for my partner
Scenario: I can add a product to the basket
Given I have a "Large T-Shirt" product
When I add a “Large T-Shirt” to my basket
Then I should have a “Large T-Shirt” in my basket
@TheMattBrunt
THIS IS GREAT, BUT HOW DO WE (DEVELOPERS) WORK WITH IT?
@TheMattBrunt
STEP DEFINITIONS
@TheMattBrunt
Given I have a “Large T-Shirt” product
When I add that product to my basket
Then I should see that product in my basket
@TheMattBrunt
ARGUMENTS
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@TheMattBrunt
TRANSFORMERS
@TheMattBrunt
@TheMattBrunt
@TheMattBrunt
TAGS
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@TheMattBrunt
HOOKS
@TheMattBrunt
BEFORE & AFTER SUITES, FEATURES, SCENARIOS, STEPS
HOOKS
@TheMattBrunt
@TheMattBrunt
SUITES & PROFILES
@TheMattBrunt
TEST FEATURES WITH DIFFERENT CONFIGURATIONS
SUITES ALLOW YOU TO…
@TheMattBrunt
THEY CAN USE THE SAME FEATURE FILES. OR THEY CAN USE DIFFERENT FEATURE FILES
FOR EXAMPLE:
@TheMattBrunt
YOU CAN USE THE SAME FEATURE FILE TO TEST DIFFERENT IMPLEMENTATIONS
WITH SUITES AND TAGS…
@TheMattBrunt
@TheMattBrunt
@TheMattBrunt
YOU CAN HAVE A UI SUITE THAT USES DIFFERENT STEP DEFINITIONS THAN A SERVICE / DOMAIN / LOWER LEVEL SUITE
FOR EXAMPLE:
@TheMattBrunt
@TheMattBrunt
@TheMattBrunt
YOU CAN CHANGE IMPLEMENTATION WITHOUT CHANGING YOUR DOCUMENTED BUSINESS RULES
WITH SUITES AND TAGS…
@TheMattBrunt
THIS IS WHERE THE POWER LIES
FOR ME…
@TheMattBrunt
IMPLEMENTATION CHANGES MORE FREQUENTLY THAN BUSINESS RULES
@TheMattBrunt
WRITING A GOOD STORY
@TheMattBrunt
Scenario: I can add a product to my basket
Given I am on the “/product/1” page
When I press “Add to basket”
Then I should see “Playstation 4”
And I should see £250
BAD STORY
@TheMattBrunt
Scenario: I can add a single product to my basket
Given I have a “Playstation 4” that costs £250
When I add the “Playstation 4” to my basket
Then I should have 1 product in my basket
And the basket total should be £250
BETTER STORY
@TheMattBrunt
Scenario: I can add a product to my basket
Given I am on the “/product/1” page
When I press “Add to basket”
Then I should see “Playstation 4”
And I should see £250
WHAT HAPPENS WHEN THE UI CHANGES TO SAY “ADD TO CART”?
@TheMattBrunt
DON’T WRITE IMPLEMENTATION IN FEATURES
@TheMattBrunt
IN SUMMARY
@TheMattBrunt
CONVERSATIONS.
CONVERSATIONS.
CONVERSATIONS.
CONVERSATIONS.
CONVERSATIONS.
@TheMattBrunt
STORIES TOLD BY REAL WORLD EXAMPLES.
USER STORIES AS REQUIREMENTS.
INVOLVE MULTIPLE STAKEHOLDERS.
WRITE FEATURES BEFORE CODE.
WRITE FEATURES WITHOUT IMPLEMENTATION.
@TheMattBrunt
BEGINNING: HAVE A CONVERSATION, CAPTURE THAT CONVERSATION
MIDDLE: AUTOMATE AND IMPLEMENT THAT CONVERSATION
END: HAPPY STAKEHOLDERS AND WELL BUILT SOFTWARE
@TheMattBrunt
LINKS & READINGhttps://cucumber.io/docs
https://adamcod.es/2014/05/15/test-doubles-mock-vs-stub.html
https://github.com/cucumber/cucumber/wiki/Gherkin
http://dannorth.net/whats-in-a-story/
http://dannorth.net/introducing-bdd/
http://lizkeogh.com/category/bdd/
http://lizkeogh.com/2014/01/22/using-bdd-with-legacy-systems/
http://inviqa.com/insights/bdd-guide
https://cucumber.io/blog/2015/03/24/single-source-of-truth
https://github.com/Behat/Gherkin/blob/master/i18n.php#L313
@TheMattBrunt
THANKS FOR LISTENING
@TheMattBrunt
@TheMattBrunt @PHPem matt@mfyu.co.uk
https://joind.in/talk/7c94c
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