Photography Assignment 1

• By Jake Barnes

File storage

The two main file storage types for a digital camera are JPEG and Raw.

JPEG is a compressed file format, which means that it takes up less space than others therefore whilst using this file type a larger number of images can be stored on a

memory card or hardrive.

A RAW file is a newer image format, which remains uncompressed and contains unprocessed or undeveloped data from the image sensor of either a digital camera or

scanner. Having this larger file type allows you to edit the photo with more detail.

ISO• ISO is the camera sensitivity to incoming light.

Each ISO setting is doubled from the previous one for example if you change the ISO rom 100 to 200 you will be doubling the camera’s sensitivity and if you take it from 200 to 400 it will double again. This carries on through the ISO scale.

This photo shows the effect of changing the ISO setting. You can see the change in the ISO by the change in the all round brightness of the object as the ISO is raised.

Shutter Speed• Shutter speed is the amount of time the shutter is

open. Most people will use 1/60th of a second because anything slower will mean the camera will have to be on a tripod to insure it is kept still. Most modern cameras now come with an image stabilizer to assist with taking images at slower speeds without a tripod.

• Shutter speed doubles with each setting E.g. 1/1500, 1/250, 1/125, 1/60, 1/30, 1/15, 1/8.

In this photo you can see the effect of a slow shutter speed, using this slow shutter speed on a moving object gives a ghost like effect to all the moving objects shown in the photo.

Depth of field

• The depth of field determines which point the camera will focus on. The camera is able to focus on one point at a time so parts in front or behind the focused point will become blurred giving a sharp effect to the focused area.

In this photo you can see the effect of the depth of field with the middle of the being clear and sharp whilst the rest is blurred and out of focus.

Aperture• Put simply Aperture is the opening in the lens.

When the shutter release button is used a hole opens up which allows your cameras image sensor capture the scene you are aiming the camera at. The Aperture setting lets you set the size of the opening. The larger the opening the more light that gets in – the smaller the opening the less light.

Aperture is measured in F-Stops or F/Numbers.

An example of F/Numbers are f/1.4, F/2, F/2.8, F/4, F/5.6, F/8 etc.

Moving from one F/Number to the next doubles (or halves when going down in F/Numbers) the size of the opening in your lens (and the amount of light getting through).

Aperture has a big impact on the Depth of field. Large aperture (the smaller F/Numbers) will decrease the depth of field whilst a small aperture (larger F/Numbers) will give you a larger depth of field.

You can see in this photo that a high F/Number was used due to the leaf being given a sharp effect whilst the background is being blurred.

Focusing

• The four primary focus modes are Automatic, Manual, continuous and One shot. These modes give you a tremendous amount of flexibility to capture exactly what you want.

• Automatic mode does most of the work for you by automatically focusing on an object and using the cameras capability's to try make great results and super sharp images but using the automatic mode won’t always get the results you want so the other modes will help you capture the image you want as you want it.

• Continuous focusing mode is the most useful for keeping moving objects sharp within the viewfinder as you track the object. As soon as you press the shutter release, the camera springs into action and begins to focus on the object in the viewfinder. In continuous focus mode, the camera detects the subjects movements and refocuses accordingly to keep the object sharp.

• One shot mode, in this mode when pressing down the shutter release halfway, the camera focuses on the object just once so there is no need for continuous adjustment. This mode is ideal for still objects and saves battery power. However this mode isn’t as useful when trying to capture an object that is changing positions. This mode is good for still shots such as family photos or wedding photos.

• Manual mode, manually focusing the camera can become the barrier between good and great photography. Achieving perfect focus requires using the distance measurements on the lens barrel and can also require you to physically measure the distance between you and the object to get an accurate setting. Professional photographers usually use manual mode to shoot products this way and so do fine art photographers who are using medium format cameras. Using manual mode will give you the most accurate focus point. Using this mode requires you to use you internal sense of sharpness and know the critical focus zone that you have at the specified aperture. Manual focus is important when you focus on a non-traditional subject, for example a subject that is in the background when the foreground is busy and dominating.

Camera modes

Camera components

Photos used in mediaA photograph was used in this newspaper because it can show the sadistic nature and lack of remorse of the killer after committed his crime and it also shows the sadness of the victims and their family's which gets the reader to sympathize with the victims and their family's. Images are commonly used in news articles to give more detail to the story and lets the reader see what happened during or in the aftermath of the subject of the article.

This promotional poster for the movie Grave Encounters was shows with the actors posing in a dark tunnel to give mystery as of why they are down there and what could be with them. Above the actors shows a picture of an asylum with a filter used to make the image look old and gives a tea stained effect to the image. Using images in movie posters gives the viewer a chance to get a glimpse of what the film will be about.