OMDURMAN AHLIA UNIERSITYOMDURMAN AHLIA UNIERSITYFACULTY OF APPLIED SCINCE AND FACULTY OF APPLIED SCINCE AND COMPUTERCOMPUTERDEPARTMENT OF APPLIED PHYSICS DEPARTMENT OF APPLIED PHYSICS AND MATHEMATICS 4AND MATHEMATICS 4thth YEAR YEAR ELECTRONIC PATCH 2006.SEMSTER 2 ELECTRONIC PATCH 2006.SEMSTER 2

RESEARCH:-RESEARCH:- FARADAY EFFECTFARADAY EFFECTPREPAIRED BY:-PREPAIRED BY:-1-YOUSIF HASSAN ALSHEIKH __ 4-NADA AMIR A.ALHALEM1-YOUSIF HASSAN ALSHEIKH __ 4-NADA AMIR A.ALHALEM2-MISA ATTIA ___5- NAZIK MOHAMMED2-MISA ATTIA ___5- NAZIK MOHAMMED3-AHMED ABD ALRAHMAN __6-RUFAIDA GAFAR OSMAN3-AHMED ABD ALRAHMAN __6-RUFAIDA GAFAR OSMAN

INTRODUCTION:-INTRODUCTION:-

OPTICAL ACTIVITY:-OPTICAL ACTIVITY:-

CLASSIFICATIONOF MEDIUMS:-CLASSIFICATIONOF MEDIUMS:-*Linear and non-linear.*Linear and non-linear.

*Isotropic or non isotropic.*Isotropic or non isotropic.

*Homogenous and non- homogenous.*Homogenous and non- homogenous.

The polarization is four types that are:-The polarization is four types that are:-

*partial polarized light.*partial polarized light. *linear polarized light. *linear polarized light. *A circular polarized light. *A circular polarized light.*elliptical polarized light. *elliptical polarized light.

Kerr effect:-Kerr effect:-There are tow related Kerr effects.There are tow related Kerr effects.

Kerr electro-optic effect (DC effect)Kerr electro-optic effect (DC effect)

Kerr electro-optic effect (AC effect):-Kerr electro-optic effect (AC effect):-

Faraday Effect:-Faraday Effect:-Object’s:-Object’s:-Relation between B @ I.Relation between B @ I.Verdet’s as a function of wavelength.Verdet’s as a function of wavelength.Relation between difference in angle’s of rotation Relation between difference in angle’s of rotation

@B.@B.

THEORY:-THEORY:-dQ= V.B.L (*1)dQ= V.B.L (*1)Where;Where; B is magnetic field density .B is magnetic field density .L is medium length.L is medium length. V is verdet’s constant.V is verdet’s constant.dQ is the angle of rotation.dQ is the angle of rotation.

Because the teslameter not work we Because the teslameter not work we

calculate the magnetic field by use:-calculate the magnetic field by use:-

B=0.72.Y.N.I/R.(2)B=0.72.Y.N.I/R.(2)

WHERE;WHERE;

B is the magnetic field density.B is the magnetic field density.

Y is the permeability of free space. Y is the permeability of free space.

N is the number of turns.N is the number of turns.

I is the coil current.I is the coil current.

R is the coil radius.R is the coil radius.

EXPERIMENT SETUP:-EXPERIMENT SETUP:-

RESULTS:-RESULTS:- FOR RED FILTER FOR RED FILTER

I (mA)I (mA) B (mT)B (mT)dQ1 dQ1 deg deg

dQ2 dQ2 degdeg

||dQ2-dQ2-dQ1dQ1 | |degdeg

|dQ2-|dQ2-dQ1dQ1 |rad |rad

11 1.841.84 4040 3232 88

22 3.763.76 4545 3131 1414

33 5.675.67 4747 3232 1515

44 7.537.53 5050 3030 2020

FOR GREEN FILTER:-FOR GREEN FILTER:-

I (mA)I (mA) B (mT)B (mT)dQ1 dQ1 deg deg

dQ2 dQ2 degdeg

||dQ2-dQ2-dQ1dQ1 |deg |deg

|dQ2-|dQ2-dQ1dQ1 |rad |rad

11 1.841.84 4040 3232 1010

22 3.763.76 4545 3131 1414

33 5.675.67 4747 3232 1515

44 7.537.53 5050 3030 2020

CALCULATION:-CALCULATION:-

A relation between the magnetic field density A relation between the magnetic field density and the current:-and the current:-

I(mA)I(mA)

B(Mt)B(Mt)

A relation between B and 2 dQ for red A relation between B and 2 dQ for red color :-color :-

2dQ2dQ(deg)(deg)

B(mB(mT)T)

Calculation:-Calculation:-

The slope M/2.L= V(Y)The slope M/2.L= V(Y)

CONCLUSION:-CONCLUSION:-

Faraday effect was studied ,and verdets Faraday effect was studied ,and verdets constant was investigated as a function constant was investigated as a function of wavelength & the medium length & the of wavelength & the medium length & the angle of rotation is in linear relation with angle of rotation is in linear relation with magnetic flux density.magnetic flux density.