Agricultural Pesticides

8/7/2019 Agricultural Pesticides

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Prepared by: Bhupinderpal Singh


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Pesticides are created by humans to manage

what humans define as pests. Pests are

anything that stands in the way of human food,

health, or comfort.

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` The first recorded use of insecticides was in 2500 B.C. by

Sumarians, who used sulphur compounds to control

insects and mites.

` In 1200 B.C. in China mercury and arsenical compoundswere used to control pests.

` In Ancient Rome pest were controlled by Burning sulfur

to kill insects and using salt to control weeds.

` During 1600 B.C in India ants were controlled with honeyand arsenic.

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An emergence in pesticide use began after World War II with the

introduction of

` DDT

`

BHC

` Aldrin,

` Dieldrin

` Endrin 2

` Endrin 4-D

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` DDT once was known as a "miracle pesticide" for its

efficiency at killing crop-destroying insects.

` But was found to harm to the health of people who wereexposed to it.

` DDT caused liver cancer and other damage.

` It damaged the reproductive system and causes temporarysymptoms such as headache, nausea and dizziness,

` DDT has been banned since 1973, but decades later itschemical descendants linger in the water and soil

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` http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LQ64sV0nSVU

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` With the publication of Rachel Carsons bookSilent Spring 6 in

1962, public confidence in pesticide use was shaken.

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` She pointed to evidence linking them to death ofnontarget

creatures.

Nontarget creature are those organisms other than those that

the pesticide is intended to kill, such as birds.

` The book suggested that DDT and other pesticides may cause

cancer

`

and their agricultural use was a threat to wildlife, particularlybirds.

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It was in 1973, the use of DDT was banned underStockholm convention.

This resulted in redirection of research toward more pest-specific

pesticides and cropping methods.

Now pesticides were designed after natural pesticides.

which are natural, plant-derived poisons.

Integrated pest management was introduced (IPM) withthe aims to keep pests at economically insignificantlevels.


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In 1970, President Nixon formed the EPA (Environmental

Protection Agency). The Food Quality Protection Act

(FQPA) was passed in order to aprove and regulates

pesticides.


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Positive

Brings numerous benefits and makes a significant

contribution to the lifestyles.

Contributed significantly to improving quality of life

and safeguarding the environment.

Increases the productivity of land.

Negative

Pesticides kill not only the pests but also the natural

enemies of these pests. Pests can and do eventually become resistant to the

chemicals.

There is huge health risks behind the use of pesticides

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` In the era of growing population and rapid urbanization the

demand and need for pesticides is increasing.

` In order to compete in the international level and to feed

growing population farmers have to use pesticides to yield on

fewer land acres

` Many scientist and Legal authorities are researching towards

the pesticides which are environmental friendly, less

hazardous to health, and economically sound.

` In United States, farms uses around 88 percent of all pesticides

in U.S.

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How to persuade public to purchase and accept that pesticides are

Important .

The entire pesticide industry struggling and making

strong efforts to regain the positive image in the minds

of people.

The criticism against the agricultural pesticides is so much

increased, its very challenging for the industry to launch new

pesticides.

The pesticides industry is occasionally pointed out

because of its insufficient control over toxicities level in

pesticide and its management over pesticides.


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Agricultural Pesticides