The Skeletal System

What is the Skeletal system?

Your Skeletal system is all of the bones in the body and the tissues such as tendons, ligaments and cartilage that connect them.Your teeth are also considered part of your skeletal system but they are not counted as bones. Your teeth are made of enamel and dentin. Enamel is the strongest substance in your body.

How does the Skeletal System help us?

The main job of the skeleton is to provide support for our bodyYour skeleton also helps protect your internal organs and fragile body tissuesBones provide the structure for muscles to attach so that our bodies are able to move.Our bones have red bone marrow that make blood

How does the Skeletal System help us?

The main job of the skeleton is to provide support for our bodyYour skeleton also helps protect your internal organs and fragile body tissuesBones provide the structure for muscles to attach so that our bodies are able to move.Our bones have red bone marrow that make blood cells

Bone Question - Who has more bones a baby or an adult?

Answer - Babies have more than adults! At birth, you have about 300 bones. As you grow older, small bones join together to make big ones. Adults end up with about 206 bones

Bones have their own nerves and blood vessels, and they do various jobs, such as storing body minerals like calcium. Bones are made of a mix of hard stuff that gives them strength and tons of living cells which help them grow and repair themselves.

Periosteum - blood cells enter the bone to keep it healthy, forms new bone

Compact bone - gives bone its strength

Yellow bone marrow - mostly fat cells

Spongy bone - filled with open spaces that has red bone marrow that makes red blood cells

Young bones - babies bones contain cartilage that gets slowly replaced with hard bone as the child ages.

Children - bones grow, the periosteum adds new bone to the outside cells on the inside of the bone destroy cells.

Middle Age - bone loss increases faster that growth

Exercise puts a strain on bones and helps them to become stronger. vitamins A, C, and D are also important for bones.

Common Name

Scientific Name

skull cranium

jawbone mandible

collarbone clavicle

shoulder blade

scapula

breast bone

sternum

funny bone humerus

spine vertebrae

hips pelvis

wrist carpals

thigh bone femur

kneecap patella

shin bone tibia

ankle tarsals

Bone Joints

Your skeleton has over 200 joints. Joints are where bones come together.

Ligaments are strong inelastic bands of connective tissue that help hold bones together at joints

Where the bones come together at joints there is a cushion of cartilage that helps protect the bones. Cartilage helps to prevent the bones from rubbing against each other and wearing down the bone

Types of Joints

Pivot - Pivot joints allow for rotation such as the neck

Ball And Socket - in which the spherical head of one bone lodges in the spherical cavity of another. In the shoulder joint, the humerus (upper arm bone) fits into the socket of the shoulder blade

Hinge - found in the elbows and the joints of the fingers and toes. Hinge joints allow movement in only one direction. The hinge joint of the knee, the body's largest joint

Saddle - allows movement in two directions. The saddle joint gives the human thumb the ability to "cross over" the palm of the hand.

Gliding - Lets bones slide over one another like in the wrist and ankle

Tendons

Connect Muscle to Bone