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Construct Interactive Notes
• 7 pages binder paperOn cover, write• Chapter 5: Skeletal System• Name, period, seat #• Color Picture
Bone Structure (pg 2)
Functions of the Bones
1. Support: Form internal framework that supports the body
Functions of the Bones
1. Support: Form internal framework that supports the body
2. Protection: Protects organs
Functions of the Bones
1. Support: Form internal framework that supports the body
2. Protection: Protects organs3. Movement: Skeletal muscles use bones as
levers
Functions of the Bones
1. Support: Form internal framework that supports the body
2. Protection: Protects organs3. Movement: Skeletal muscles use bones as
levers4. Storage: Marrow stores fat. Bone tissue
stores calcium and phosphorus
Functions of the Bones
1. Support: Form internal framework that supports the body
2. Protection: Protects organs3. Movement: Skeletal muscles use bones as
levers4. Storage: Marrow stores fat. Bone tissue
stores calcium and phosphorus5. Blood cell formation: Occurs in bone marrow
Bone Tissue
• Compact Bone: Contains haversian canals that carry blood vessels surrounded by concentric rings of matrix that contains osteocytes in lacunae
Bone Tissue
• Compact Bone: Contains haversian canals that carry blood vessels surrounded by concentric rings of matrix that contains osteocytes in lacunae
• Spongy Bone: Less dense than compact bone. Contains thin columns of bone tissue surrounded by small, irregular cavities. The cavities are filled with red bone marrow, which forms red and white blood cells.
Bone ShapesShape Description Example
Long Longer than it is wide Femur
Short Approximately cube shaped Carpals
Flat Thin, usually curved Skull and ribs
Irregular Do not fit any of the categories above
Vertebrae
Parts of a long bone1. Diaphysis: cylindrical main portion of a bone.
Made of compact bone
Parts of a long bone1. Diaphysis: cylindrical main portion of a bone.
Made of compact bone2. Epiphyses: Enlarged ends of the bone. Thin
layer of compact bone filled with spongy bone
Parts of a long bone1. Diaphysis: cylindrical main portion of a bone.
Made of compact bone2. Epiphyses: Enlarged ends of the bone. Thin
layer of compact bone filled with spongy bone
3. Articular cartilage: Thin layer of hyaline cartilage covering the epiphysis. Reduces friction at joints
Parts of a long bone1. Diaphysis: cylindrical main portion of a bone.
Made of compact bone2. Epiphyses: Enlarged ends of the bone. Thin
layer of compact bone filled with spongy bone
3. Articular cartilage: Thin layer of hyaline cartilage covering the epiphysis. Reduces friction at joints
4. Periosteum: Tough sheath of connective tissue that surrounds the bone
Parts of a long bone1. Diaphysis: cylindrical main portion of a bone.
Made of compact bone2. Epiphyses: Enlarged ends of the bone. Thin layer
of compact bone filled with spongy bone3. Articular cartilage: Thin layer of hyaline cartilage
covering the epiphysis. Reduces friction at joints4. Periosteum: Tough sheath of connective tissue
that surrounds the bone5. Medullary cavity: hollow space within the
diaphysis that contains fatty yellow bone marrow
Parts of a long bone1. Diaphysis: cylindrical main portion of a bone.
Made of compact bone2. Epiphyses: Enlarged ends of the bone. Thin layer of
compact bone filled with spongy bone3. Articular cartilage: Thin layer of hyaline cartilage
covering the epiphysis. Reduces friction at joints4. Periosteum: Tough sheath of connective tissue
that surrounds the bone5. Medullary cavity: hollow space within the
diaphysis that contains fatty yellow bone marrow6. Endosteum: thin membrane that lines the
medullary cavity
Bone markings
• Head: Enlarged, rounded end of bone for articulation
Bone markings
• Head: Enlarged, rounded end of bone for articulation
• Condyle: Smooth, rounded articular surface
Bone markings
• Head: Enlarged, rounded end of bone for articulation
• Condyle: Smooth, rounded articular surface• Epicondyle: Bulge above a condyle for muscle
attachment
Bone markings
• Head: Enlarged, rounded end of bone for articulation
• Condyle: Smooth, rounded articular surface• Epicondyle: Bulge above a condyle for muscle
attachment• Trochanter: Large, blunt projection for muscle
attachment
Bone markings
• Head: Enlarged, rounded end of bone for articulation
• Condyle: Smooth, rounded articular surface• Epicondyle: Bulge above a condyle for muscle
attachment• Trochanter: Large, blunt projection for muscle
attachment• Foramen: Hole in a bone for passage of blood
vessels and nerves