Business project

Packaging

Done By shahid Husen Class – XI G

Table of Contents

What is Packaging?

Importance of Packaging

Purpose of Packaging

Advantages & Disadvantages

Types of Packaging

Types of Packaging materials

Labels Used on Packaging

History of package (Heinz® Ketchup)

More 3

Bibliography

What is Packaging?

Packaging can be defined as the general group of activities in product planning which involves designing and producing a container or wrapper for a product

It is usually done for the purpose of transportation and storage.

Importance of Packaging

Packaging plays an important role as a medium in the marketing mix, in promotion campaigns, as a pricing criterion, in defining the character of new products, as a setter of trends and as an instrument to create brand identity and shelf impact in all product groups. 

Many product providers may think that the product and its performance is more important than what the packaging looks like, but the product packaging can play a role in the success or failure of the sales of the product

Purpose of Packaging

Physical protection– The objects enclosed in the package may require protection from, among other things, mechanical shock, vibration, electrostatic discharge, compression, temperature, etc.

Convenience– Packages can have features that add convenience in distribution, handling, stacking, display, sale, opening, reclosing, use, dispensing, reuse, recycling, and ease of disposal

Marketing– The packaging and labels can be used by marketers to encourage potential buyers to purchase the product. Package graphic design and physical design have been important and constantly evolving phenomenon for several decades. Marketing communications and graphic design are applied to the surface of the package and (in many cases) the point of sale display

Advantageso Rising Standards of Health and

Sanitation:As the people are becoming health conscious they like to buy packed goods. The reason is that the chances of adulteration in such goods are minimized.o Self-service Outlets:Nowadays self-service retail shops are becoming very popular, particularly in big cities. Because of this, the role of sales assistants has gone to packaging.o Innovational Opportunity:With the increasing use of packaging more innovational opportunity becomes available in this area for the researchers.o Product Differentiation:Packaging is helpful in creating product differentiation. The color, material and size of the package makes difference in the perception of the buyers about the quality of the product.

Disadvantages

o Cost:While packaging can do a lot to get customer attention, and may even add value to a product, it also adds to the cost of production and the eventual retail price. Packaging can represent as much as 40 per cent of the selling price of products in industries such as the cosmetic industry. New packaging can be expensive to develop, adding to the cost of products.

o Landfill ImpactPackaging is responsible for significant portions of the waste stream. According to the Ashland Food Cooperative, packaging is responsible for about one third of the municipal waste in the United States. Some waste can be recycled, but many materials are not appropriate for recycling. Post-consumer recycled content is often usable only in specific contexts. Much of the waste produced by packaging ends up in a landfill.

Types of Packaging

Packaging may be described in relation to the type of product being packaged: medical device packaging, bulk chemical packaging, retail food packaging, military materiel packaging, pharmaceutical packaging, etc. It is sometimes convenient to categorize packages by layer or function: "Primary", "Secondary" and “ Tertiary” :

Primary packaging is the material that first envelops the product and holds it. This usually is the smallest unit of distribution or use and is the package which is in direct contact with the contents.

Secondary packaging is outside the primary packaging, perhaps used to group primary packages together.

Tertiary packaging is used for bulk handling, warehouse storage and transport shipping. The most common form is a palletized unit load that packs tightly into container

PrimaryPackaging

SecondaryPackaging

Tertiary Packaging

Different Features of a Package Suitable A good package must the requirements of the

product to be packed in. It should be designed keeping in mind size,dimension,durable and the quality of the product.

Attractive A package must attract the attention of the

customers.The design,colour and label of the packet should ne selected carefully.It acts like a silent salesmen.

Protective A package must be able to protect the

product from sun,germs,moisture etc.Products such as eatables require special packaging.

Informative The information printed on the package

should suggest the contents and the characterstics of a product.It must build the confidence of the consumers on the product.

Convient A good package should be convient to store

the products packed in it. It should be easy to handle and display.

Economical Cost of package should be reasonable as it

increases the cost of the product.articles of daily uses eg. Soap,tea,sugaretc should be packed in low cost container. On the other hand high value products such as jewellery,cosmetics etc can be packed in expensive packages.

Types of Packaging MaterialsThe most common types of material used for packaging are paper, fiber board, plastic, glass, steel and aluminum. Paper:Paper is one of the most widely used packaging materials, particularly corrugated cardboard used for transport packaging. Glass:Glass once used as Packaging Materials for beverages but as it is broken easily and causes material loss as well as harm for human health; usage of glass has been replaced with Tin and Plastic. Glass is the most common form of packaging waste, although it has been returned to the factories now days for recycling, yet because of its insecure nature, it is being avoided as packaging material. Aluminum:It iscommonly used inpackaging,such asdrinks cans, foils and laminates. As a scrap metal, it has a high value and can alsobe recycled economically - 20 recycled aluminum cans, can be made with the energy it takes to manufacture one brand new one. Steel:Steel is a widely used packaging material for food, paint and beverage as well as aerosols. Recycled steel brings significant resource and energy savings. The current recycling rate for steel cans is 62%. Plastic:Plastic offers several advantages over other packaging materials in its sturdiness and low weight. Mixed materials:Mixed materials packaging can sometimes have the benefits of being more resource and energy efficient than single material packaging, but combining materials makes recycling difficult. Recycling these materials is hindered by the lack of facilities and technology necessary to separate materials to avoid contamination.

Labels Used on Packaging

Fragile Material This Way Up

Flammable Liquid Explosives

Keep away from Water

1869Founder Henry Heinz packages his first product, freshly-grated horseradish, in a clear bottle so

customers can see the purity – the first of many innovations to come.

1876Ketchup is here! Heinz Tomato Ketchup makes its

official debut as one of America’s first packaged foods — in a keystone-shaped glass bottle.

1890The iconic glass bottle

starts to take shape. The same style bottle canbe found today in restaurants across the country.

1937Heinz builds a ketchup plant in Fremont, Ohio,

which later becomes the largest ketchup factory in the U.S., producing nearly 34 million cases of

Heinz Ketchup every year.

1968Ketchup on the go! Heinz ushers in the first

individual foil ketchup packets.

1970The 32 oz. “Keg O’ Ketchup” muscles its way

onto store shelves.

Heinz® Ketchup: A 135-Year History of Innovation

1975Featured in a popular Heinz Ketchup commercial,

Carly Simon’s song Anticipation brought to life “The taste that’s worth the wait.”

1983Heinz unveils the first plastic squeezable bottle – a

revolutionary change in ketchup packaging.

1990Heinz’ first fully recyclable plastic ketchup bottle

hits store shelves.

2000A pioneer in ketchup creativity, Heinz launches green

Ketchup in an EZ squeeze bottle. It’s a big hit with kids!

2002The first upside-down bottle paves the way for clean

ketchup convenience and easy storage.

2010Heinz®Dip & Squeeze® Ketchup is born! The first

dual-function ketchup package holds 3 times as much ketchup as the traditional packet.

2011Dip & Squeeze packages hit store shelves nationwide,

giving consumers the freedom to enjoy Heinz Ketchup anytime, anywhere.

2011Through a partnership with The Coca-Cola Company,

all 20 oz. Ketchup bottles are made withPlantBottle™ packaging, which uses up to 30 percent

renewable plant-based material.

TodayThroughout the world, Heinz is Ketchup, selling 650 million bottles annually and

approximately two single-serve packets of Ketchup for every man, woman and child on the planet.