Closing the LOOP - Int'l High Performance Building Conference (Lansing Community College)

Closing the Loop: Completing the Design/Analysis > Fabrication > Validation Cycle

New York City College of Technology (CUNY) International High Performance Building Conference 2013

PROJECT OVERVIEW

PROJECT OVERVIEW



PROJECT OVERVIEW

ATEAdvanced

Technological Education



PROJECT OVERVIEW

ANALYSIS DESIGN FABRICATION



PROJECT OVERVIEW

ANALYSIS DESIGN FABRICATION



PROJECT OVERVIEW

BuildingPerformance &

Energy Modeling

Computation & Fabrication

Alexander AptekarAssistant Professor, NYCCT

BIM Director, FUSELab

BuildingInformation

Modeling

FacultyAreas

Anne LeonhardtAssistant Professor, NYCCT

co-PI, FUSELabco-PI, Center for Performative Design

Brian RingleyAdjunct Professor, NYCCT

Fabrication Lab Coordinator, NYCCTTechnology Coordinator, FUSELab

Sanjive VaidyaAssistant Professor, NYCCT

Building Performance Director, FUSELab



Faculty Initiative

Alexander Aptekar, Assistant ProfessorBIM Director

Anne Leonhardt, Assistant ProfessorCo-PI

Computation & Fabrication Director

Brian Ringley, Adjunct ProfessorTechnology Coordinator

Sanjive Vaidya, Assistant ProfessorBuilding Performance Director



PROJECT OVERVIEW

Industry Partnerships

Robert Cervellione, CERVER Design StudioZach Downey, PARABOX Labs

Brigette Borders, FLATCUT_Arpan Bakshi, SOM Digital Design GroupSrinithya Lavu, Green Building Specialist


Energy Modeling




BuildingInformation

Modeling

Faculty Industry AdvisorsAreas

Robert CervellioneCERVER Design Studio









Arpan BakshiSOM Digital Design Groupform. YR&G Sustainability

Zach DowneyPARABOX Labs

Brigette Bordersform. FLATCUT_

Srinithya LavuGreen Building Specialist

MS Sustainable Design, Carnegie Mellon



PROJECT OVERVIEW


Energy Modeling




BuildingInformation

Modeling

Faculty Industry Advisors CoursesAreas


Building TechnologySeminar















Building PerformanceLab

Computation and Fabrication Seminar

Student Collaboration

Building Technology SeminarComputation & Fabrication Seminar

Building Performance Lab



PROJECT OVERVIEW


Energy Modeling


Architectural Technology

EnvironmentalEngineering



BuildingInformation

Modeling

Faculty Industry Advisors CoursesAreasDepartments












Robert PolchinskiAssistant Professor, NYCCT

Environmental Engineering






MechanicalEngineering

Building PerformanceLab

Computation and Fabrication Seminar “Interdepartmentality”

Architectural TechnologyEnvironmental Engineering

Mechanical Engineering



PROJECT OVERVIEW

Performance Analysis Steps

Concurrent BIM and fabrication scope not listed

Step 1Climate

Step 2Massingand Light

Step 3Massingand Energy

Step 4Façadeand Light

Step 5Façadeand Energy

Step 6BenchmarkingPerformance

Tools Rhino 3D, Vasari DIVA Vasari DIVA Vasari Equest

Inquiry Identify % of year above and below the comfort band (70-75 deg F).

Identify % of year above 60% relative humidity.

Identify summer and winter primary wind direction and velocity.

Identify hot and cold site exposures.

Identify maximum glazing area needed by exposure to adequately illuminate perimeter zones if massing is set, and iterate between floor plate outlines if massing is flexible.

Run first energy and load analysis.

Discuss results and use them to question Step 2 massing decisions.

Repeat steps 2 and 3 as needed.

Identify façade strategies using a range of geometric densities, depths, and bay sizes to generate a matrix of options.

Discuss the “sensitivity” of various variables to related performance outcomes.

Translate geometric complexities into their vertical and horizontal counterparts.

Identify three geometries representative of the range of variation (small-medium-large) in Rhino and model those in Vasari.


Export Vasari model of final design into Equest, apply daylight dimming sensors, add utility costs, and compare results against two baselines.

Baseline A – 90.1 building; Baseline B –status quo fully glazed building.

Repeat steps 2 thru 5 as needed based on baseline comparisons.

Activity Rhino 3DBuild zoning boundary and extrude to maximum building height. Build surrounding buildings as single surface masses.

VasariIdentify nearest weather station. Document climate data.

DIVAIterative runs of solar radiation analysis. Iterative runs of workplane illuminance analysis.

VasariBuild or transfer desired massing with proper floor count and glazing areas. Run energy analysis.

DIVAParametric runs using DIVA Grasshopper components.

VasariRun energy analysis and discuss trends within loads results. You will see more variation in the loads results than the energy results between façade options. While high performing facades reduce less than 5% of building energy consumption, they can reduce peak loads by up to 30%, resulting in lower HVAC first costs and potentially lower demand on power plants.

EquestRun energy analysis and discuss reductions between design and baseline cases.

Performance Analysis Steps

Concurrent BIM and fabrication scope not listed

Step 1Climate

Step 2Massingand Light

Step 3Massingand Energy

Step 4Façadeand Light

Step 5Façadeand Energy

Step 6BenchmarkingPerformance

Tools Rhino 3D, Vasari DIVA Vasari DIVA Vasari Equest

Inquiry Identify % of year above and below the comfort band (70-75 deg F).

Identify % of year above 60% relative humidity.

Identify summer and winter primary wind direction and velocity.

Identify hot and cold site exposures.

Identify maximum glazing area needed by exposure to adequately illuminate perimeter zones if massing is set, and iterate between floor plate outlines if massing is flexible.

Run first energy and load analysis.

Discuss results and use them to question Step 2 massing decisions.


Identify façade strategies using a range of geometric densities, depths, and bay sizes to generate a matrix of options.

Discuss the “sensitivity” of various variables to related performance outcomes.

Translate geometric complexities into their vertical and horizontal counterparts.

Identify three geometries representative of the range of variation (small-medium-large) in Rhino and model those in Vasari.


Export Vasari model of final design into Equest, apply daylight dimming sensors, add utility costs, and compare results against two baselines.

Baseline A – 90.1 building; Baseline B –status quo fully glazed building.

Repeat steps 2 thru 5 as needed based on baseline comparisons.

Activity Rhino 3DBuild zoning boundary and extrude to maximum building height. Build surrounding buildings as single surface masses.

VasariIdentify nearest weather station. Document climate data.

DIVAIterative runs of solar radiation analysis. Iterative runs of workplane illuminance analysis.

VasariBuild or transfer desired massing with proper floor count and glazing areas. Run energy analysis.

DIVAParametric runs using DIVA Grasshopper components.

VasariRun energy analysis and discuss trends within loads results. You will see more variation in the loads results than the energy results between façade options. While high performing facades reduce less than 5% of building energy consumption, they can reduce peak loads by up to 30%, resulting in lower HVAC first costs and potentially lower demand on power plants.

EquestRun energy analysis and discuss reductions between design and baseline cases.



PROJECT OVERVIEW

De�ne Existing Building Geometry(BIM)

Schematic Solar & Wind Analysis(BIM)

BuildingInformation

Modeling

Generate BIM Model of Existing Building and Run Initial Series of

Environmental Analysis Using Vasari



PROJECT OVERVIEW


Develop Shading Geometry(Parametric Model)

Existing Building Geometry(Live Instance)


BuildingInformation

Modeling

Rhino/RevitInteroperability

ParametricModeling


Instance Desired BIM Families into Rhino, Develop Concept for

Shading Panels Based on Initial Vasari Analysis, and Create

Parametric Definition to Drive Variable Panel System



PROJECT OVERVIEW



Gather Solar Data to Drive Shading(Data-Based Parametric Model)



BuildingInformation

Modeling


ParametricModeling


Remap Solar Radiation Data from DIVA Calculations to Drive Design

Parameters of Variable Screen



PROJECT OVERVIEW





Shading Geometry(Native 3DM Translation)


Energy Analysis w/Shading(BIM)

BuildingInformation

Modeling


ParametricModeling


Natively Translate Rhino Shading Geometry into Vasari using

CASEapps OpenNURBS for Basic Energy Analysis (Prior to Creating

Full Energy Model)



PROJECT OVERVIEW






Curtain Wall Geometry(Adaptive Component)



Custom Curtain Wall Model(BIM)

BuildingInformation

Modeling


ParametricModeling


Import Freeform Curtain Wall Geometry into Revit as Adaptive

Component System for Design and Detailing



PROJECT OVERVIEW



Import gbXML & Place Daylighting Controls(3DM to IDF Translation)








Energy Zone Data(Green Building File)

BuildingInformation

Modeling


ParametricModeling

Energy DataInteroperability

EnergyModeling


Import Building and Screen Geometry into SketchUp and

Integrate with gbXML and Daylighting Control Data Using

OpenStudio



PROJECT OVERVIEW




Spec Controls, Add HVAC,& Run Simulations

(Energy Model)









BuildingInformation

Modeling


ParametricModeling


EnergyModeling


Import IDF File from OpenStudio, Specify Controls, Add HVAC Data,

and Run Energy Simulations within EnergyPlus



PROJECT OVERVIEW





(Energy Model)

Draw Numbers & Derive Performance Conclusions

(Energy Model)









BuildingInformation

Modeling


ParametricModeling


EnergyModeling


Export Heat Gain and Daylighting Autonomy Data from DIVA along with Data from Energy Model to Derive Performance Conclusions



PROJECT OVERVIEW




Part Nesting(Laser Cutter Machine File)

Add Thickness, Bend Radii,& Bend Sequencing

(Solid Assembly Model)

Data for CNC Brake Operator(Bending Drawings)


(Energy Model)

Draw Numbers & Derive Performance Conclusions

(Energy Model)









BuildingInformation

Modeling


ParametricModeling


EnergyModeling


Fabricationfor FieldTesting

Create Bending Drawings and Digitally Fabricate Stainless Steel Panel Prototype for Field Testing



SITE ANALYSIS (Revit/Vasari)

SITE ANALYSISRevit/Vasari




City Tech’s Environmental (“E”) BuildingNear the Brooklyn Entrance

to the Brooklyn Bridge

South Faceof Building




Site Insolation at Equinox (BTU/ft2) Site Insolation at Summer Solstice (BTU/ft2)

Site Insolation at Winter Solstice (BTU/ft2)




Existing South Face of E Building




Thermal Imaging of E Building South Face

Note the time of day. The sun reflecting off of the masonry adversely affects the reading.




Existing Window Frame Condition Within E Building




Thermal Imaging of Existing Window Frame Condition Within E Building

Note the thermal leak where the wood framing is splitting, and the probable thermal bridge at the metal connector.







Wind Rose and CFD Wind SimulationShowing Breadth of Preliminary Analysis Tools

Available in Revit/Vasari




Annual Heating Loads:Glass South Facade

Annual Coolings Loads:Glass South Facade

Clear Indication that Annual Heating and Cooling Loads

are Primarily Driven by Glazing



RESPONSIVE SHADING SYSTEM (Rhino/Gh3D + DIVA)

RESPONSIVE SHADING SYSTEMRhino/Gh3D + DIVA




Typical Workflow:Revit > DXF/DWG > Rhino

Desired Level of Detailfor Subsequent OperationsRequires Custom Workflow




Custom 3D View in Revitwith Family Visibility Overrides




Revit Family Live-Instancedvia Chameleon Plug-In

as Mesh Geometry




Convert Meshes toBReps and Cull

Unwanted Geometry




Simplify Slabs




Existing Condition:Low Solar Radiation Variation

Freeform Facade:High Solar Radiation Variation




DIVA GH/Excel ToolAB 2013_0316

Import from DIVA/GH Calculated Value User Input

Introduction

Imported Data from DIVA/Gh3D Total Area of Glass (ft2) Total Wall Area (ft2) Perimeter Floor Area (ft2) Total Radiation (kWh)

Heat Gain Calculation Total Area of Glass (ft2) Glass SHGC Total Radiation (kWh) Total Heat Gain (kWh)

Comparisons for Benchmarking Existing Building (SHGC = 0.4) Typical Curtain Wall (SHGC = 0.7) Proposed Design (kWh)

1 - (Proposed / Baseline) x 100

Performance Report Heat Gain Reduction (%) v Existing Heat Gain Reduction (%) v Typical

Report how much more efficient the proposed design is over a code-minimum Baseline (theoretical)

Total Area of Glass (ft2) x Glass SHGC x Total Radiation (kWh) = Total Heat Gain

DIVA calculates cumulative solar radiation incident on the building surface (kWh/m2). Extract the following values from DIVA/GH.

Enter Total Heat Gain from above in the Proposed Design cell. Have GH simulate an alternate version of the design as the code-minimum option. For that option, model a vertical wall with 40% window-to-wall ratio (window area / total wall area, incl. window area)

Import data from GH. Importing Glass, Wall and Floor area is simply surface areas.

Calculating Total RadiationTo import Total Radiation, in GH, first find a way to multiply the simulated kWh/m2 values by the the glass area within each threshold radiation threshold. One way to do this may be setting up threshold bands. For example, for all glass area between 500 and 600 kWh/m2, collect that glass area, and multiply by 550 kWh/m2. Do the same for all 100 kWh/m2 bands of data, and sum all kWh values from all radiation thresholds to obtain the total kWh for the entire wall.

Calculating Heat GainIf all three floors of the E building are being served by a single mechanical system, we do not need to calculate multiple heat gain values for each zone, we can sum all of the facade heat gain and assume the cooling load on the single rooftop system.

Perimeter Floor AreaBuildings typically divide perimeter zones seperately from core zones (15 to 30 foot perimeter depth). For perimeter area, sum the floor area on each floor within 15 feet of the exterior wall, i.e. building width x 15 feet floor depth x number of floors.






Introduction

Imported Data from DIVA/Gh3D Total Area of Glass (ft2) Total Wall Area (ft2) Perimeter Floor Area (ft2) Total Radiation (kWh)

Heat Gain Calculation Total Area of Glass (ft2) Glass SHGC Total Radiation (kWh) Total Heat Gain (kWh)

Comparisons for Benchmarking Existing Building (SHGC = 0.4) Typical Curtain Wall (SHGC = 0.7) Proposed Design (kWh)


Performance Report Heat Gain Reduction (%) v Existing Heat Gain Reduction (%) v Typical












Variable Panel Concept (Cindy Alonzo)

low irradiancehigh irradiance

Variable Panel Concept (Cynthia Alonzo)

Variable Panel Concept (Luiza DeSouza) Variable Panel Concept (Ronny Mora)

low irradiancehigh irradiance

low irradiancehigh irradiance low irradiancehigh irradiance




Cindy Alonzo

Cynthia Alonzo

Loft Curves Lofted SurfaceSubdivided

SurfaceRationalized

Glazing Panels

u12, v12

u8, v8

Luiza DeSouza

Ronny Mora

u6, v11

u8, v8




Cindy Alonzo

Cynthia Alonzo

Offset Surface (Clashing Threat)

Subdivided Surface withSample Points and Normals

Solar Radiation Analysis

u12, v12

u16, v16

Luiza DeSouza

Ronny Mora

u12, v22

u8, v8

Lofted Surface

6”, 6”, 6”, 6” 47 - 700 w/m2

63 - 652 w/m212”, 12”, 12”, 12”

12”, 12”, 12”, 12” 104 - 990 w/m2

36”, 12”, 12”, 36” 5 - 414 w/m2




Psychrometrics (Thermal Comfort)




DIVA Simulation SettingsUsing Local Weather (EPW) File




Responsive Screen (Cindy Alonzo)




Responsive Screen (Cynthia Alonzo)




Responsive Screen (Luiza DeSouza)




Responsive Screen (Ronny Mora)




u8, v857 - 497 w/m2

u16, v81 - 541 w/m2

higher sampling needed

glazing8 - 846 w/m2

1 vector per panel

glazing16 - 338 w/m2

higher sampling needed again




Design to Subsurface Centroid315 w/m2

Design to Sampled Subsurface Mean337 w/m2

Design to Sample Subsurface Worst Case444 w/m2



ENERGY & DAYLIGHTING ANALYSIS (Vasari/DIVA/EnergyPlus)

ENERGY & DAYLIGHTING ANALYSISVasari / DIVA / EnergyPlus




Natively Importing 3DM Geometryinto Vasari Beta 2 UsingCASEapps openNURBS




Unsimplified PanelDevelopable (Planar) Geometry

2400 Faces (> 1024)

Simplified PanelUndevelopable Geometry

Max Deviation of 2.53” from Unsimplified

960 Faces (< 1024)




Vasari Limitations:Maximum Geometry Count

Alignment Issues with Non-Orthogonal GeometryInability to Handle Large, Complex Masses

Automated Analysis RangesOverall Lack of User Input for Analysis Tools







HVAC

Typical

Similarities Arising from Vasari’s Inability to Account for Change in

Lighting Energy

The lighting energy in the three scenarios is the result of having lights switched on from 8:00am to

5:00pm everyday of the year, regardless of daylight availability.

This is a limitation of user input options in the Vasari analysis

toolset, and a primary reason that, while good for preliminary

decisions early in the design process, Vasari is not a true

energy modeler.




Glazing Panels(Optimized for DIVA)

Glazing Panels(Optimized for OpenStudio/EnergyPlus)

Gap Modeled Between Glazing PanelsGap Modeled at Tops of Floor Slabs

Panels Placed on Layers Corresponding with Floor Level




Existing Windows Glass Façade Shading Profile1 Shading Profile2 Shading Profile3 Shading Profile4

Heating 30019 35178 34708 31989 30167 33294

Cooling 45575 54244 54097 51356 45656 50961

Interior Lighting 97328 87822 88128 92128 94825 89053

Exterior Lighting 0 0 0 0 0 0

Interior Equipment 109200 109200 109200 109200 109200 109200

Exterior Equipment 0 0 0 0 0 0

Fans 31406 33358 33203 32464 31272 32486

Pumps 756 769 769 761 756 764

Heat Rejection 0 0 0 0 0 0

Humidification 0 0 0 0 0 0

Heat Recovery 0 0 0 0 0 0

Water Systems 0 0 0 0 0 0

Refrigeration 0 0 0 0 0 0

Generators 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0

Total End Uses 314283 320575 320103 317897 311875 315756

Alonzo- CI Alonzo- CY DeSouza Mora

Existing Windows Glass Façade Shading1 Shading2 Shading3 Shading4

Glass façade over existing

Shadng 1 over glass

Shadng 2 over glass

Shadng 3 over glass

Shadng 4 over glass

Heating 30019 35178 34708 31989 30167 33294 -17% 1% -7% 14% 4%Cooling 45575 54244 54097 51356 45656 50961 -19% 0% -13% 16% 6%Interior Lighting 97328 87822 88128 92128 94825 89053 10% 0% 5% -8% -1%Interior Equipment 109200 109200 109200 109200 109200 109200 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%Fans 31406 33358 33203 32464 31272 32486 -6% 0% -3% 6% 2%Pumps 756 769 769 761 756 764 -2% 0% -1% 2% 1%Total 314283 320575 320103 317897 311875 315756 -2% 0% -1% 3% 1%

Area in sqm 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866in kWh/sq.m 168 172 172 170 167 169

in Kwh

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

80000

90000

100000

Heating Cooling Interior Lighting

Energy Consumption in kWh

Existing Windows

Glass Façade

Shading1

Shading2

Shading3

Shading4

160

162

164

166

168

170

172

174

ExistingWindows

Glass Façade Shading1 Shading2 Shading3 Shading4

EUI in kWh/sq.m

Heating 10%

Cooling 14%

Interior Lighting

31%

Interior Equipment

35%

Fans 10%

Pumps

Existing Windows


Heating 30019 35178 34708 31989 30167 33294

Cooling 45575 54244 54097 51356 45656 50961





Fans 31406 33358 33203 32464 31272 32486

Pumps 756 769 769 761 756 764







0 0 0 0 0 0

Total End Uses 314283 320575 320103 317897 311875 315756




Shadng 1 over glass

Shadng 2 over glass

Shadng 3 over glass

Shadng 4 over glass



in Kwh

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

80000

90000

100000



Existing Windows

Glass Façade

Shading1

Shading2

Shading3

Shading4

160

162

164

166

168

170

172

174

ExistingWindows


EUI in kWh/sq.m

Heating 10%

Cooling 14%

Interior Lighting

31%

Interior Equipment

35%

Fans 10%

Pumps

Existing Windows


Heating 30019 35178 34708 31989 30167 33294

Cooling 45575 54244 54097 51356 45656 50961





Fans 31406 33358 33203 32464 31272 32486

Pumps 756 769 769 761 756 764







0 0 0 0 0 0

Total End Uses 314283 320575 320103 317897 311875 315756




Shadng 1 over glass

Shadng 2 over glass

Shadng 3 over glass

Shadng 4 over glass



in Kwh

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

80000

90000

100000



Existing Windows

Glass Façade

Shading1

Shading2

Shading3

Shading4

160

162

164

166

168

170

172

174

ExistingWindows


EUI in kWh/sq.m

Heating 10%

Cooling 14%

Interior Lighting

31%

Interior Equipment

35%

Fans 10%

Pumps

Existing Windows





Heating 30019 35178 34708 31989 30167 33294

Cooling 45575 54244 54097 51356 45656 50961





Fans 31406 33358 33203 32464 31272 32486

Pumps 756 769 769 761 756 764







0 0 0 0 0 0

Total End Uses 314283 320575 320103 317897 311875 315756




Shadng 1 over glass

Shadng 2 over glass

Shadng 3 over glass

Shadng 4 over glass



in Kwh

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

80000

90000

100000



Existing Windows

Glass Façade

Shading1

Shading2

Shading3

Shading4

160

162

164

166

168

170

172

174

ExistingWindows


EUI in kWh/sq.m

Heating 10%

Cooling 14%

Interior Lighting

31%

Interior Equipment

35%

Fans 10%

Pumps

Existing Windows


Heating 30019 35178 34708 31989 30167 33294

Cooling 45575 54244 54097 51356 45656 50961





Fans 31406 33358 33203 32464 31272 32486

Pumps 756 769 769 761 756 764







0 0 0 0 0 0

Total End Uses 314283 320575 320103 317897 311875 315756




Shadng 1 over glass

Shadng 2 over glass

Shadng 3 over glass

Shadng 4 over glass



in Kwh

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

80000

90000

100000



Existing Windows

Glass Façade

Shading1

Shading2

Shading3

Shading4

160

162

164

166

168

170

172

174

ExistingWindows


EUI in kWh/sq.m

Heating 10%

Cooling 14%

Interior Lighting

31%

Interior Equipment

35%

Fans 10%

Pumps

Existing Windows


Heating 30019 35178 34708 31989 30167 33294

Cooling 45575 54244 54097 51356 45656 50961





Fans 31406 33358 33203 32464 31272 32486

Pumps 756 769 769 761 756 764







0 0 0 0 0 0

Total End Uses 314283 320575 320103 317897 311875 315756




Shadng 1 over glass

Shadng 2 over glass

Shadng 3 over glass

Shadng 4 over glass



in Kwh

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

80000

90000

100000



Existing Windows

Glass Façade

Shading1

Shading2

Shading3

Shading4

160

162

164

166

168

170

172

174

ExistingWindows


EUI in kWh/sq.m

Heating 10%

Cooling 14%

Interior Lighting

31%

Interior Equipment

35%

Fans 10%

Pumps

Existing Windows






Introduction

Imported Data from DIVA/Gh3D Total Area of Glass (ft2) Total Wall Area (ft2) Perimeter Floor Area (ft2) Total Radiation (kWh)Cindy Alonzo 5209.773603 3583.391062 490301.7204

Cynthia Alonzo 4605.551257 2361.897555 681729.406Luiza DeSouza 4548.728991 37523.53676 2214297.921

Ronny Mora 5401.537673 4348.285306 495919.9132AVERAGE 4941.397881 11954.27767 0 970562.2403

Heat Gain Calculation Total Area of Glass (ft2) Glass SHGC Total Radiation (kWh) Total Heat Gain (kWh)Cindy Alonzo 5209.773603 0.7 490301.7204 1788100000.00

Cynthia Alonzo 4605.551257 0.7 681729.406 2197800000.00Luiza DeSouza 4548.728991 0.7 2214297.921 7050600000.00

Ronny Mora 5401.537673 0.7 495919.9132 1875100000.00AVERAGE 4941.397881 0.7 970562.2403 3227900000

Comparisons for Benchmarking Existing Building (SHGC = 0.4) Typical Curtain Wall (SHGC = 0.7) Proposed Design (kWh)Cindy Alonzo 1788100000.00

Cynthia Alonzo 2197800000.00Luiza DeSouza 7050600000.00

Ronny Mora 1875100000.00AVERAGE 3227900000


Performance Report Heat Gain Reduction (%) v Existing Heat Gain Reduction (%) v TypicalCindy Alonzo

Cynthia AlonzoLuiza DeSouza

Ronny MoraAVERAGE












Building Envelope Trade-Off Option

5-20 User’s Manual for ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-2007

Table 5-C—Example Prescriptive Criteria Set, St. Louis, Missouri

(This is Table 5.5-4 in the Standard.)

Building Envelope Requirements for Climate Zone 4 (A,B,C)

NONRESIDENTIAL RESIDENTIAL SEMIHEATED Assembly Insulation Assembly Insulation Assembly Insulation OPAQUE ELEMENTS Maximum Min. R-Value Maximum Min. R-value Maximum Min. R-Value Roofs Insulation Entirely above Deck U-0.048 R-20.0 ci U-0.048 R-20.0 ci U-0.173 R-5.0 ci Metal Building U-0.065 R-19.0 U-0.065 R-19.0 U-0.097 R-10.0 Attic and Other U-0.027 R-38.0 U-0.027 R-38.0 U-0.053 R-19.0 Walls, Above-Grade Mass U-0.104 R-9.5 ci U-0.090 R-11.4 ci U-0.580 NR Metal Building U-0.113 R-13.0 U-0.113 R-13.0 U-0.134 R-10.0 Steel-Framed U-0.064 R-13.0 + R-7.5 ci U-0.064 R-13.0 + R-7.5 ci U-0.124 R-13.0 Wood-Framed and Other U-0.089 R-13.0 U-0.064 R-13.0 + R-3.8

ci U-0.089 R-13.0

Wall, Below-Grade Below-Grade Wall C-1.140 NR C-0.119 R-7.5 ci C-1.140 NR Floors Mass U-0.087 R-8.3 ci U-0.074 R-10.4 ci U-0.137 R-4.2 ci Steel-Joist U-0.038 R-30.0 U-0.038 R-30.0 U-0.069 R-13.0 Wood-Framed and Other U-0.033 R-30.0 U-0.033 R-30.0 U-0.066 R-13.0 Slab-On-Grade Floors Unheated F-0.730 NR F-0.540 R-10 for 24 in. F-0.730 NR Heated F-0.860 R-15 for 24 in. F-0.860 R-15 for 24 in. F-1.020 R-7.5 for 12 in. Opaque Doors Swinging U-0.700 U-0.700 U-0.700 U-0.500 U-0.500 U-1.450 Assembly Assembly Assembly Assembly Assembly Assembly FENESTRATION Max. U Max. SHGC Max. U Max. SHGC Max. U Max. SHGC Vertical Glazing, 0-40% of Wall Nonmetal framing, alla U-0.40 U-0.40 U-1.20 Metal framing, curtainwall/storefrontb U-0.50 U-0.50 U-1.20 Metal framing, entrance doorb U-0.85 U-0.85 U-1.20 Metal framing, all otherb U-0.55

SGHC-0.40 all

U-0.55

SGHC-0.40 all

U-1.20

SGHC-NR all

Skylight with Curb, Glass, % of Roof 0-2.0% Uall-1.17 SHGCall- 0.49 Uall-0.98 SHGCall- 0.36 Uall-1.98 SHGCall- NR 2.1-5.0% Uall-1.17 SHGCall- 0.39 Uall-0.98 SHGCall- 0.19 Uall-1.98 SHGCall- NR Skylight with Curb, Plastic, % of Roof 0-2.0% Uall-1.30 SHGCall- 0.65 Uall-1.30 SHGCall- 0.62 Uall-1.90 SHGCall- NR 2.1-5.0% Uall-1.30 SHGCall- 0.34 Uall-1.30 SHGCall- 0.27 Uall-1.90 SHGCall- NR Skylight without Curb, All, % of Roof 0-2.0% Uall-0.69 SHGCall- 0.49 Uall-0.58 SHGCall- 0.36 Uall-1.36 SHGCall- NR 2.1-5.0% Uall-0.69 SHGCall- 0.39 Uall-0.58 SHGCall- 0.19 Uall-1.36 SHGCall- NR a Nonmetal framing includes framing materials other than metal with or without metal reinforcing or cladding. b Metal framing includes metal framing with or without thermal break. The all other subcategory includes operable windows, fixed windows, and non-entrance.

ASHRAE Standard 90.1Table 5-C

The specified solar heat gain coefficient for a non-residential curtain wall with metal framing in

climate zone 4 is 0.40.






Introduction













Ronny MoraAVERAGE














Introduction













Ronny MoraAVERAGE












Recommended Light Levelin Different Workspaces

(from engineeringtoolbox.com)

Mean Daylight Autonomy

Expected to qualify for LEED-NC 2.1 Daylighting Credit 8.1

Daylit Area (DA 300lux[50%])

Cindy 95% Yes 100% 18.60%Cynthia 95% Yes 100% 32.10%Ronny 95% Yes 100% 20.60%Luiza 95% Yes 100% 19.50%

Existing Building 69% No 76% 2.40%

Mean Daylight Autonomy(from DIVA calculations)



FURTHER WORK

FURTHER WORKBIM Integration, Fabrication, & Field Testing



FURTHER WORK

BIM Integration Using Typical Curtain Wall(Not Ideal)



FURTHER WORK

BIM Integration Using Custom Pattern Curtain Walls (Model by Dave Fano, CASE)

BIM Integration Using Adaptive Components & Python Shell

(Model by Nathan Miller, CASE)

Many Grasshopper Tools (Including Chameleon)

Have Adaptive ComponentsInteroperability Tools



FURTHER WORK

Typical Waterjet Layout



FURTHER WORK

HOW TO GENERATE FLAT PATTERNS FOR SHEET METAL PARTS:

WHEN THE SHEET METAL IS PUT THROUGH THE PROCESS OF BENDING THE METAL AROUND THE BEND IS DEFORMED AND STRETCHED. AS THIS HAPPENS YOU GAIN A SMALL AMOUNT OF TOTAL LENGTH IN YOUR PART(BEND ALLOWANCE). LIKEWISE WHEN YOU ARE TRYING TO DEVELOP A FLAT PATTERN YOU WILL HAVE TO MAKE A DEDUCTION FROM YOUR DE-SIRED PART SIZE TO GET THE CORRECT FLAT SIZE(BEND DEDUCTION).

BEND DEDUCTION:

THE BEND DEDUCTION IS DEFINED AS THE MATERIAL YOU WILL HAVE TO REMOVE FROM THE TOTAL LENGTH OF YOUR FLANGES IN ORDER TO ARRIVE AT THE FLAT PATTERN.

BEND ALLOWANCE:

THE BEND ALLOWANCE IS DEFINED AS THE MATERIAL YOU WILL ADD TO THE ACTUAL LEG LENGTHS OF THE PART IN OR-DER TO DEVELOP A FLAT PATTERN.



FURTHER WORK

TYPES OF BENDING:

AIR BENDING:

IS THE MOST COMMON TYPE OF BENDING PROCESS USED IN SHEET METAL SHOPS TODAY. IN THIS PROCESS THE WORK PIECE IS ONLY IN CONTACT WITH THE EDGE OF THE DIE AND THE TIP OF THE PUNCH. THE PUNCH IS THEM FORCED PAST THE TOP OF THE DIE INTO THE V-OPENING WITHOUT COMING INTO CONTACT WITH THE BOTTOM OF THE V.

COINING:

IS A BASIC TYPE OF BENDING IN WHICH THE WORKPIECE IS STAMPED BETWEEN THE PUNCH AND DIE. BOTH THE PUNCH TIP AND THE PUNCH ACTUALLY PENETRATE INTO THE METAL PAST THE NEUTRAL AXIS UNDER A HIGH AMOUNT OF PRES-SURE. THE TERM COINING COMES FROM THE IDEA THAT WHEN IT COMES TO MONEY EACH METAL COIN IS MADE EXACT-LY THE SAME AS THE LAST DESPITE BEING MASS PRODUCED. FROM THIS IDEA THE NAME COINING WAS APPLIED TO THE BENDING METHOD WHICH CREATES ACCURATE BENDS CONSISTENTLY.

BOTTOM BENDING:

HAS SIMILARITIES TO BOTH AIR BENDING AND COINING. IN THIS PROCESS THE DIE ANGLE SHOULD MATCH THE INTEND-ED ANGLE OF THE WORK PIECE, ADJUSTING A FEW DEGREES FOR SPRING BACK, HENCE THE EXISTENCE OF 88 DEGREE TOOLING TO ACHIEVE 90 DEGREE ANGLES. THE WORK PIECE IS FIRST BOTTOMED AGAINST THE DIE, THEN THE RADIUS OF THE PUNCH IS FORCED INTO THE WORK PIECE WHICH ACHIEVES THE ANGLE OF THE PUNCH, IT IS THEN RELEASED AND THE WORK PIECE SPRINGS BACK TO MEET THE DIE AGAIN. UNLIKE COINING HOWEVER THE MATERIAL IS NOT UN-DER SO MUCH TONNAGE ..THAT THE METAL FLOWS. BECAUSE OF THIS THERE IS STILL SPRING BACK WHICH MUST BE COMPENSATED FOR.

AIR BENDING BOTTOM BENDINGCOINING



FURTHER WORK

120°

"

TYP. FOR ALLINSIDE RADII

1.68

"1.

48"

3.00"

2.85

"

3.00"

3.21

"

3.00"

2.85

"

3.00"

57.70"

57.7

0"

18.0

0"

11.1

2"

TH IS SHOP DRAWING ISRELEASED BY FLATCUT_LLC FOR APPROVAL INTENTFOR CUSTOMER ONLY. THEINFORMATION CONTAINEDHEREIN REMAINS NOT FORF A B R IC A T IO N P E N D IN GF I N A L R E V I E W A N DRELEASE OF APPROVEDS H O P D R A W I N G S .

F L A T C U T _ L L CN E W Y O R K6 8 J A Y S T R E E TS T U D I O 8 0 1B R O O K L Y N N Y 1 1 2 0 1

F L A T C U T _ L L CN E W J E R S E Y9 0 D A Y T O N A V E N U EB L D G . 1 6 CP A S S A I C , N J 0 7 0 5 5

P : 2 1 2 - 5 4 2 - 5 7 3 2F : 2 1 2 - 5 4 2 - 5 7 3 3

SIGNATURE OFAPPROVAL

BENDING DRAWING CONVENTIONS:

• 3 POINT PROJECTION• FLANGE LENGTH DIMENSIONS FROM APEX OF ANGLE.• INDICATE INSIDE BEND ANGLE• PROVIDE ISOMETRIC VIEWS OF PART FOR REFERENCE.• INDICATE METAL GAGE/THICKNESS.

TYPICAL PLAN VIEW INDICATING FLANGE LENGTH AND BEND ANGLES

120°

"

TYP. FOR ALLINSIDE RADII

1.68

"1.

48"

3.00"

2.85

"

3.00"

3.21

"

3.00"

2.85

"

3.00"

57.70"

57.7

0"

18.0

0"

11.1

2"

TH IS SHOP DRAWING ISRELEASED BY FLATCUT_LLC FOR APPROVAL INTENTFOR CUSTOMER ONLY. THEINFORMATION CONTAINEDHEREIN REMAINS NOT FORF A B R IC A T IO N P E N D IN GF I N A L R E V I E W A N DRELEASE OF APPROVEDS H O P D R A W I N G S .

F L A T C U T _ L L CN E W Y O R K6 8 J A Y S T R E E TS T U D I O 8 0 1B R O O K L Y N N Y 1 1 2 0 1

F L A T C U T _ L L CN E W J E R S E Y9 0 D A Y T O N A V E N U EB L D G . 1 6 CP A S S A I C , N J 0 7 0 5 5

P : 2 1 2 - 5 4 2 - 5 7 3 2F : 2 1 2 - 5 4 2 - 5 7 3 3

SIGNATURE OFAPPROVAL

TYPICAL BENDING DRAWING SHOWING 3 POINT PROJECTION VIEW LAY-OUT AND ISOMETRIC VIEWS.



FURTHER WORK

HOW TO GENERATE FLAT PATTERNS FOR SHEET METAL PARTS:

WHEN THE SHEET METAL IS PUT THROUGH THE PROCESS OF BENDING THE METAL AROUND THE BEND IS DEFORMED AND STRETCHED. AS THIS HAPPENS YOU GAIN A SMALL AMOUNT OF TOTAL LENGTH IN YOUR PART(BEND ALLOWANCE). LIKEWISE WHEN YOU ARE TRYING TO DEVELOP A FLAT PATTERN YOU WILL HAVE TO MAKE A DEDUCTION FROM YOUR DE-SIRED PART SIZE TO GET THE CORRECT FLAT SIZE(BEND DEDUCTION).

BEND DEDUCTION:

THE BEND DEDUCTION IS DEFINED AS THE MATERIAL YOU WILL HAVE TO REMOVE FROM THE TOTAL LENGTH OF YOUR FLANGES IN ORDER TO ARRIVE AT THE FLAT PATTERN.

BEND ALLOWANCE:

THE BEND ALLOWANCE IS DEFINED AS THE MATERIAL YOU WILL ADD TO THE ACTUAL LEG LENGTHS OF THE PART IN OR-DER TO DEVELOP A FLAT PATTERN.



COLLABORATION TOOLS

COLLABORATION TOOLS



COLLABORATION TOOLS



COLLABORATION TOOLS



COLLABORATION TOOLS



COLLABORATION TOOLS



COLLABORATION TOOLS

Thanks.

Business

Closing the LOOP - Int'l High Performance Building Conference (Lansing Community College)