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details of exports items and their classification including service industry contribution in export
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Exports in India
Economic History of India
Mughal Empire 1525 – 1550 second largest economy in the world. GDP about 40 per cent that of China. 1550 – 1575 GDP about 50 per cent that of China. 1575 - 1600 The annual revenue of Emperor Akbar's
treasury was at £17.5 million
Contd….. 1650 - 1675 GDP - 90 per cent that of China 1625 - 1650 Emperor Shah Jahan's treasury reported annual revenues
exceeding £25 million and GDP - 80 percent that of China. 1650 - 1675 GDP - about 90 per cent that of China 1675 - 1700 Emperor Aurangzeb's exceeded £100 million in 1700 (twice
that of Europe then). India emerged as the world's largest economy followed by
China and France.
1700 - 1725 Collapse of the central authority of the
Mughal Empire and the resultant chaos triggered India's long but slow decline on the world stage
Nawabs, Marathas & Nizams 1725 – 1750 Mughals was replaced. China was the world's
largest economy followed by India and France. GDP - about 80 per cent that of China.
1750 - 1775 The Maratha empire expanded to almost 250
million acres while the Nizam's dominion expanded to almost 125 million acres.
GDP - about 70 per cent that of China.
British East India Company India's share of the world income went from
24.4% in 1700 comparable to Europe's share
of 23.3%, to a low of 3.8% in 1952
British Crown Rule 1850 – 1875 The GDP -30 per cent that of China British cotton
exports reach 55 per cent of the Indian market 1875 – 1900 GDP- 20 per cent that of the USA. The Crown treasury reported annual revenue of
£122 average annual growth of merely 0.1 per cent.
1925 - 1950
The GDP of India-7 per cent that of the USA.
Contd…..
Year GD P US Dollar Exchangein (Rs.)
1950 99,340 4.79
1955 108,730 4.79
1960 171,670 4.77
1965 276,680 4.78
1970 456,770 7.56
1975 832,690 8.39
Contd…..
Year G D P Exports
Imports US Dollar Exchange in (Rs.)
1980 1,380,334 90,290 135,960 7.86
1985 2,729,350 149,510 217,540 12.36
1990 5,542,706 406,350 486,980 17.50
1995 11,571,882 1,307,330 1,449,530 32.42
2000 20,791,898 2,781,260 2,975,230 44.94
Export in India
What do you mean by Exports ? Why Exports ?
Present situation
Introduction
Export VS GDP (exports have grown over 11% per annum while growth in GDP is about 5%)
Export and Domestic demand and supply.
Export and FDI
EXPORT items and its compositions
Primary (i) Agriculture
(ii) Mining (iii) Petroleum
Secondary (i) Food and beverages (ii) Textile (iii) Machinery & machine tools (iv) Transport equipment (v) Metal & metal products (vi) Electrical goods (vii) Chemical & chemical products(viii) Paper & paper products (ix) Rubber goods (x) Other Manufacturing
Contd…..
Tertiary (i) Telecommunication
(ii) Power generation (iii) Services
Another composition
Agricultural & Allied products Ores and minerals Manufactured goods Petroleum products Other commodities
Export items composition Agricultural Products Textiles and allied Products Chemical and allied Products Metals and Minerals Fish, Dairy and Animal Products Handicrafts Capital Goods Other Products Service export
Agricultural Products
Agricultural products (some facts)
Growth of India's agriculture sector during the 50 years of independence remain impressive at 2.7 % per annum
An impressive growth (increased around four times during the planned area of development from 51 million tons in 1950-51 to 199.1 million tonnes in 1997-98)
Accounts for employs around 65 % of the population.
The total turnover of Indian food market is approximately Rs.250000 crores (US $ 69.4 billion.
Contd…..
Presently - 2nd largest rice producer after China and the 3rd largest net-exporter after Thailand and Vietnam.
GDP contribution 30% in Nineties 17.6% in 2006
Agricultural products1. COFFEE, TEA, MATE AND SPICES. 2. RESIDUES AND WASTE FROM THE FOOD INDUSTRIES;
PREPARED ANIMAL FODER. 3. CEREALS. 4. EDIBLE FRUIT AND NUTS; PEEL OR CITRUS FRUIT OR
MELONS. 5. RUBBER AND ARTICLES THEREOF. 6. OIL SEEDS AND OLEA. FRUITS; MISC. GRAINS, SEEDS AND
FRUIT; INDUSTRIAL OR MEDICINAL PLANTS; STRAW AND FODDER.
7. TOBACCO AND MANUFACTURED TOBACCO SUBSTITUTES. 8. SUGARS AND SUGAR CONFECTIONERY. 9. EDIBLE VEGETABLES AND CERTAIN ROOTS AND TUBERS. 10. LAC; GUMS, RESINS AND OTHER VEGETABLE SAPS AND
EXTRACTS.
Agricultural Products( graphical representation)
agriculture products
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
years
expo
rts
(in R
s.)
1996-97
1997-98
1998-99
1999-00
2000-01
2001-02
2002-03
2003-04
2004-05
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09
2009-10
2010-11
Future trends 1996-97 4911.61997-98 4992.11998-99 4462.551999-00 4566.772000-01 6178.52001-02 6354.842002-03 7583.482003-04 9338.092004-05 11983.562005-06 14732.982006-07 18251.222007-08 15242.412008-09 17064.736212009-10 18858.558892010-11 20714.98293
Future trendsagricultural products
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
1996
-97
1997
-98
1998
-99
1999
-00
2000
-01
2001
-02
2002
-03
2003
-04
2004
-05
2005
-06
2006
-07
2007
-08
2008
-09
2009
-10
2010
-11
years
exp
ort
val
ue
in R
s.
agricultural products
Textile and allied products
Textile and allied Products Exports increased from US$ 14 million (2004-05)
to US$ 17 million (2005-06) – 21.77 % increase. With continuing growth, the total exports has
increased to – US$ 19.62 billion (2006-07). Current share in world export of textiles – 3.5 - 4
%. Current share in world clothing export – 3 %. Major export market – Europe (22% share in
textiles & 43% share in apparel). Single largest buyer – US ( 10% share in textiles
and 32.65 share in apparel).
Contd….. Other major export markets include - UAE,
Saudi Arabia, Canada, Bangladesh, China, Turkey and Japan.
Largest export segment – Readymade Garments (45% share in textile exports and 8.25% share in India's total exports).
Exports of readymade garments - expected to US$ 14.5 billion with a cumulative annual growth rate of 18-20%.
Indian Leather Exports
India is the largest livestock holding country - 21% large animals and 11% small animals
A source for 10% world leather requirement About 2.50 million workforce (30% women) Annual production value is over U$ 4 billion Annual export value is over U$ 2 billion Export growth CAGR 8.20% (2000-04) Promising technology inflow and FDI High priority to occupational safety and work
environment Compliance to environmental standards Immense potential for future growth (domestic as well
as export)
Textiles products composition ARTICLES OF APPAREL AND CLOTHING ACCESSORIES,
NOT KNITTED OR CROCHETED. COTTON. ARTICLES OF LEATHER,SADDLERY AND
HARNESS;TRAVEL GOODS, HANDBAGS AND SIMILAR CONT.ARTICLES OF ANIMAL GUT(OTHR THN SILK-WRM)GUT.
OTHER MADE UP TEXTILE ARTICLES; SETS; WORN CLOTHING AND WORN TEXTILE ARTICLES; RAGS
CARPETS AND OTHER TEXTILE FLOOR COVERINGS. CARPETS AND OTHER TEXTILE FLOOR COVERINGS. SILK KNITTED OR CROCHETED FABRICS. Leather goods
Textiles products (graphical representation)
textiles and allied product
0.00
5,000.00
10,000.00
15,000.00
20,000.00
25,000.00
30,000.00
35,000.00
years
exp
ort
valu
e(i
n R
s.)
textiles and allied product
Future Trends…1996-97 8563.841997-98 8646.311998-99 8049.421999-00 8632.862000-01 9941.662001-02 9176.522002-03 10970.922003-04 12828.222004-05 18148.932005-06 25902.952006-07 32153.562007-08 28035.562008-09 28923.0922009-10 32151.1162010-11 35547.22
Future trendstextiles
05000
10000150002000025000300003500040000
years
expo
rts v
alue
in R
s.
textiles
Product-wise Export Share Commodities 2005-06 (Million US$)Readymade Garments 6038.69Cotton Textiles 3290.31Man-made Textiles 1948.72Wool & Woolen Textiles 66.57 Silk Textile 406.82 Total 11751.11Add handicraft, Coir & Coir Manufacturers and JuteTotal 13065.24
Metals and Minerals
Metals and Minerals 89 minerals
4 fuel minerals 11 metallic 52 non-metallic 22 minor minerals
India is the world's largest producer of mica blocks and mica splittings.
India ranks third rank among the chromite producers of the world
India ranks 3rd in production of coal & lignite and barytes .
Contd….. India ranks 4th in iron ore India ranks 6th in bauxite and
manganese ore 10 in aluminium and 11 th in crude steel
in the World
Metals and Minerals IRON AND STEEL ARTICLES OF IRON OR STEEL ORES, SLAG AND ASH. MINERAL FUELS, MINERAL OILS AND
PRODUCTS OF THEIR DISTILLATION; BITUMINOUS SUBSTANCES; MINERAL WAXES.
ALUMINIUM AND ARTICLES THEREOF. SALT; SULPHUR; EARTHS AND STONE;
PLASTERING MATERIALS, LIME AND CEMENT. ARTICLES OF STONE, PLASTER, CEMENT,
ASBESTOS, MICA OR SIMILAR MATERIALS. COPPER AND ARTICLES THEREOF.
Metals and Minerals exportmetals and minerals
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
years
exp
ort
valu
es i
n R
s.
metals and minerals
Future trends1996-97 3315.291997-98 3362.191998-99 2994.251999-00 3377.762000-01 4151.542001-02 4128.052002-03 4938.942003-04 5754.852004-05 6950.42005-06 8800.662006-07 10392.122007-08 9245.252008-09 9995.5132009-10 10966.442010-11 11967.32
Future Trends (graphical representation)
metals and minerals
02000400060008000
100001200014000
years
expo
rt va
lue
in R
s.
metals and minerals
Chemicals and allied products
Chemicals and allied Products
7 % of the Indian GDP Worth of Indian chemicals industry
during 2005-06 was US$30.59 Growing at an average rate of 12.5% The industry presently produces around
70,000 commercial products, which range from toiletries and cosmetics, to plastics and pesticides.
Indian Chemical Sector
Chemical Products Composition ORGANIC CHEMICALS PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS TANNING OR DYEING EXTRACTS; TANNINS AND THEIR
DERI. DYES, PIGMENTS AND OTHER COLOURING MATTER; PAINTS AND VER; PUTTY AND OTHER MASTICS; INKS.
MISCELLANEOUS CHEMICAL PRODUCTS. SOAP, ORGANIC SURFACE-ACTIVE AGENTS, WASHING
PREPARATIONS, LUBRICATING PREPARATIONS, ARTIFICIAL WAXES, PREPARED WAXES, POLISHING OR SCOURING PREP.
FERTILISERS. INORGANIC CHEMICALS; ORGANIC OR INORGANIC
COMPOUNDS OF PRECIOUS METALS, OF RARE-EARTH METALS, OR RADI. ELEM. OR OF ISOTOPES.
Graphical representationchemicals and allied products
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
years
exp
ort
val
ue
in R
s.
chemicals and allied products
Future trends
1996-97 2657.581997-98 3074.131998-99 3033.61999-00 3278.242000-01 4107.52001-02 4160.082002-03 4974.932003-04 5911.652004-05 7959.452005-06 9112.772006-07 11031.532007-08 9634.692008-09 10757.232009-10 11773.242010-11 12848.12
Future trendschemical products
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
1996
-97
1997
-98
1998
-99
1999
-00
2000
-01
2001
-02
2002
-03
2003
-04
2004
-05
2005
-06
2006
-07
2007
-08
2008
-09
2009
-10
2010
-11
years
exp
ort
val
ue
in R
s.
chemical products
Handicrafts
Handicrafts (Gems and jewellery)
leading foreign exchange earner US$ 13.5 billion 11 % in the 5 year period employment to more than 1.3
million people directly and indirectly supported by Government policies
and the banking sector (50 banks providing about US$ 3 billion credit to the Indian diamond industry )
Handicrafts and Gifts highly labor intensive and
decentralized as the second largest employment-
generating sector after agriculture offers employment to over 6 million
artisans a perfect example of assimilation
between the traditional designs and modern techniques
Handicraft products composition
NATURAL OR CULTURED PEARLS PRECIOUS OR SEMIPRECIOUS
STONES PRE.METALS,CLAD WITH
PRE.METAL AND ARTICLES,COIN. HANDICRAFTS AND GIFTS
Handicrafts (graphical representation)
handicrafts ( Gems and Jewellery)
0.002,000.004,000.006,000.008,000.00
10,000.00
12,000.0014,000.0016,000.0018,000.0020,000.00
years
exp
ort
s va
lue
in R
s.
handicrafts ( Gems andJewellery)
Future trends
1996-97 4771.721997-98 5147.571998-99 5954.151999-00 7583.642000-01 7427.52001-02 7339.952002-03 9092.262003-04 10761.552004-05 14436.222005-06 15857.962006-07 18889.742007-08 20034.082008-09 19855.972009-10 21700.622010-11 23554.22
14012.85
Future trends (graphical representation)
FUTURE TRENDS
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
YEARS
EX
PO
RT
VA
LU
ES
IN
Rs
.
FUTURE TRENDS
Fish, Dairy and Animals Products
Fish, Dairy and Animal products
FISH AND CRUSTACEANS, MOLLUSCS AND OTHER AQUATIC INVERTABRATES.
DAIRY PRODUCE; BIRDS' EGGS; NATURAL HONEY; EDIBLE PROD. OF ANIMAL ORIGIN, NOT ELSEWHERE SPEC. OR INCLUDED.
ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE FATS AND OILS AND THEIR CLEAVAGE PRODUCTS; PRE. EDIBLE FATS; ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE WAXEX.
MEAT AND EDIBLE MEAT OFFAL. RAW HIDES AND SKINS (OTHER THAN
FURSKINS) AND LEATHER
Fish, dairy and Animal Products
fish, dairy and animals product
0.001,000.002,000.003,000.004,000.005,000.006,000.007,000.008,000.009,000.00
years
exp
ort
val
ue
in R
s.
fish, dairy and animals product
Future trends…
1996-97 1840.971997-98 1915.911998-99 1818.341999-00 2060.032000-01 2691.622001-02 2776.992002-03 3189.822003-04 4076.852004-05 5265.712005-06 6494.62006-07 7881.552007-08 6770.772008-09 7563.3532009-10 8348.4732010-11 9151.087
Future trends fish,dairy and animals
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
19
96
-97
19
97
-98
19
98
-99
19
99
-00
20
00
-01
20
01
-02
20
02
-03
20
03
-04
20
04
-05
20
05
-06
20
06
-07
20
07
-08
20
08
-09
20
09
-10
20
10
-11
years
ex
po
rt v
alu
es
in R
s.
fish,dairy and animals
Capital Goods
Capitals Goods NUCLEAR REACTORS, BOILERS,
MACHINERY AND MECHANICAL APPLIANCES; PARTS THEREOF.
ELECTRICAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT AND PARTS THEREOF; SOUND RECORDERS AND REPRODUCERS, TELEVISION IMAGE AND SOUND RECORDERS AND REPRODUCERS,AND PARTS.
VEHICLES OTHER THAN RAILWAY OR TRAMWAY ROLLING STOCK, AND PARTS AND ACCESSORIES THEREOF.
Capital Goodscapital goods
0.00
2,000.00
4,000.00
6,000.00
8,000.00
10,000.00
12,000.00
years
exp
ort
s va
lue
in R
s.
capital goods
Future Trends
1996-97 2807.831997-98 2850.51998-99 2558.561999-00 2743.842000-01 3691.092001-02 3552.232002-03 4533.362003-04 5456.652004-05 7700.242005-06 8792.242006-07 11002.362007-08 9327.152008-09 10412.892009-10 11524.172010-11 12669.26
Future Trends capitals good
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
years
exp
ort
val
ue
in R
s.
capitals good
Others products MAN-MADE STAPLE FIBRES. MAN-MADE FILAMENTS. PLASTIC AND ARTICLES THEREOF. OPTICAL, PHOTOGRAPHIC CINEMATOGRAPHIC MEASURING,
CHECKING PRECISION, MEDICAL OR SURGICAL INST. AND APPARATUS PARTS AND ACCESSORIES THEREOF;
PAPER AND PAPERBOARD; ARTICLES OF PAPER PULP, OF PAPER OR OF PAPERBOARD.
GLASS AND GLASSWARE. PRINTED BOOKDS, NEWSPAPERS, PICTURES AND OTHER
PRODUCTS OF THE PRINTING INDUSTRY; MANUSCRIPTS, TYPESCRIPTS AND PLANS.
CLOCKS AND WATCHES AND PARTS THEREOF. BEVERAGES, SPIRITS AND VINEGAR. TOYS, GAMES AND SPORTS REQUISITES; PARTS AND
ACCESSORIES THEREOF.
Other productsothers product
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
years
exp
ort
s va
lue
in R
s.
others product
Future Trendsother products
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
years
exp
ort
val
ue
in R
s.
other products
Service industry…
Service industry.. Indian software exports were a mere US $4
millions in 1980 and rose to US $27.7 millions in
US $128 millions in 1990 US $12200 millions in 2003-04. Growing at a fast pace and now contributes
more than 50% to the GDP India's share in global trade in services was
about 1.3%. India’s share of consultancy exports is about
0.5% of global trade in services.
Conclusion.. More no.of items included in duty drawback
scheme. Automobile sector. Foreign direct investment Engineering goods Cashews Services export SEZ Petroleum products