Introduction to Introduction to Foundation Foundation

PortfolioPortfolioThis unit is worth 50% of your AS grade.This unit is worth 50% of your AS grade.

Preliminary TaskPreliminary Task

A short task that will help you to complete the A short task that will help you to complete the main task.main task.

To be completed this half term – OT only.To be completed this half term – OT only.

The Task: Continuity task involving filming and editing a

character opening a door, crossing a room and sitting down in a chair opposite another character, with whom she/he then exchanges a couple of lines of dialogue. This task should demonstrate match on action, shot/reverse shot and the 180-degree rule.

Main TaskMain Task

To be completed by Feb half term.

To be carried out in both all lessons.

The task: The titles and opening of a new fiction film, to last a

maximum of two minutes.

You will plan, construct and evaluate the work with regard to the form and style of the productions and their intended audiences. Your research, planning & evaluation must be presented in the form of any one, or a combination of 2 or more of: a blog or website; a podcast ; a DVD with ‘extras’.

Filming and Filming and Editing TechniquesEditing Techniques

Shot typesShot types

Watch http://www.youtube.com/watch?Watch http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3VS2iNhz180 to revise shot types.v=3VS2iNhz180 to revise shot types.

Continuity EditingContinuity Editing

The predominant style of editing in The predominant style of editing in narrative cinema and television.narrative cinema and television.

The purpose of continuity editing is to The purpose of continuity editing is to smooth over the inherent discontinuity smooth over the inherent discontinuity of the editing process and to establish of the editing process and to establish a logical coherence between shots, a logical coherence between shots, focusing on time (temporal continuity) focusing on time (temporal continuity) and space (spatial continuity).and space (spatial continuity).

The Grammar of EditingThe Grammar of Editing

When watching television programmes When watching television programmes and films, we often take for granted and films, we often take for granted that we can follow the action without that we can follow the action without any confusion, even though it is any confusion, even though it is extremely unlikely that the footage extremely unlikely that the footage has been recorded continuously.has been recorded continuously.

In order to achieve this, editor must In order to achieve this, editor must stick to the grammar of editing. stick to the grammar of editing.

The RulesThe Rules

The 180The 180° rule° rule Match-on-actionMatch-on-action Shot/ reverse shotShot/ reverse shot The eyeline matchThe eyeline match

The 180The 180° Rule° Rule

states that two characters (or other states that two characters (or other elements) in the same scene should elements) in the same scene should always have the same left/right always have the same left/right relationship to each other.relationship to each other.

Watch:Watch: http://www.youtube.com/watch?http://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=HdyyuqmCW14&feature=relatedv=HdyyuqmCW14&feature=related

Match-on-actionMatch-on-action

Cutting from one shot to another view that Cutting from one shot to another view that matches the first shot's action and energy. matches the first shot's action and energy.

Gives the impression of continuous time when Gives the impression of continuous time when watching the edited film. watching the edited film.

By having a subject begin an action in one By having a subject begin an action in one shot and carry it through to completion in the shot and carry it through to completion in the next, the editor creates a visual bridge which next, the editor creates a visual bridge which distracts the viewer from noticing the cut or distracts the viewer from noticing the cut or noticing any slight continuity error between noticing any slight continuity error between the two shots. the two shots.

Shot/ reverse shotShot/ reverse shot

one character is shown looking (often one character is shown looking (often off-screen) at another character, and off-screen) at another character, and then the other character is shown then the other character is shown looking "back" at the first character. looking "back" at the first character.

Since the characters are shown Since the characters are shown facing in opposite directions, the facing in opposite directions, the viewer unconsciously assumes that viewer unconsciously assumes that they are looking at each other. they are looking at each other.

Eyeline matchEyeline match

It is based on the premise that the It is based on the premise that the audience will want to see what the audience will want to see what the character on-screen is seeing. character on-screen is seeing.

The eyeline match begins with a character The eyeline match begins with a character looking at something off-screen, there will looking at something off-screen, there will then be a cut to the object or person at then be a cut to the object or person at which he is looking.which he is looking.

For example, a man is looking off-screen For example, a man is looking off-screen to his left, and then the film cuts to a to his left, and then the film cuts to a television that he is watching. television that he is watching.

““That’s the way to do it…”That’s the way to do it…”

www.youtube.com/watch?www.youtube.com/watch?v=TtljKx31MJgv=TtljKx31MJg

Discontinuity EditingDiscontinuity Editing

Of course, rules are there to be Of course, rules are there to be broken!broken!

Only break the rules if there is a Only break the rules if there is a good reason for doing do so! These good reason for doing do so! These include in a montage or to create include in a montage or to create confusion and disorientation.confusion and disorientation.

BUT only break rules when you are BUT only break rules when you are confident on how to stick to them – confident on how to stick to them – so not in this piece of coursework!so not in this piece of coursework!