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Study on Grains World Markets and Trade - February 2010
Citation preview
United StatesDepartment ofAgriculture
ForeignAgriculturalService
Circular SeriesFG 02-10February 2010
Grain: World Markets and Trade
Approved by the World Agricultural Outlook Board - USDA
Barley: A Decade of Change & Export Redistribution
EU Russia & Ukraine Other
1999/00 2009/10
10 MMT Exports
1.5 MMT Exports
Once upon a time (just ten years ago), the EU dominated much of the international barley market, particularly in North Africa and the Middle East. Competitors, such as Australia and Canada, faced the EU’s comparative freight and logistical advantages (there were also small erratic suppliers, such as Syria and Turkey). The EU support programs guaranteed high prices and stimulated production, while export subsidy programs helped to ensure that EU barley had a competitive price advantage against other countries.
However, it is all different now. Global barley trade dynamics have changed dramatically with the emergence of low-cost supplies and increased competition from Russia and Ukraine,which also happen to be competitive regional exporters that can match the EU’s comparative freight and logistical advantages. EU policies and programs have reduced market and support prices, stimulated domestic use, and de-emphasized export subsidies as a market-clearing mechanism. Recent regulation changes will soon eliminate intervention support for barley, which could cause some acreage to shift to more profitable crops, and further reduce exportable supplies.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
World Markets and Trade: Commentary and Current Data Wheat ................................................................................................................. 4 Rice .................................................................................................................... 8 Coarse Grains................................................................................................... 12 Historical Data Series for Selected Regions and Countries ............................ 31 Endnotes to Grain: World Markets and Trade ............................................... 50 The Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS) updates its production, supply and distribution database for cotton, oilseeds, and grains at 9 a.m. on the day the World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates (WASDE) report is released. It is available on the FAS website (http://www.fas.usda.gov/psdonline/). This circular is released at 10:00 a.m. on the same day, together with its downloadable data set.
Grain: World Markets and Trade, February 2010
2 Foreign Agricultural Service/USDAOffice of Global Analysis
February 2010
All Grain Summary Comparison
Marketing Year
Wheat Rice, Milled Corn
2009/102008/092007/082009/102008/092007/082009/102008/092007/08
Production
United States (Jun-May) 55.8 68.0 60.3 6.3 6.5 7.0 331.2 307.1 334.1
Other 554.6 614.7 617.1 428.0 440.8 429.2 460.7 484.4 463.8
World Total 610.5 682.7 677.4 434.4 447.3 436.3 791.9 791.5 797.8
Domestic Consumption
United States (Jun-May) 28.6 34.3 32.2 4.1 4.1 4.2 261.6 259.1 282.3
Other 584.6 599.1 612.2 422.4 429.6 430.4 509.2 514.7 525.1
World Total 613.2 633.4 644.4 426.5 433.7 434.5 770.9 773.7 807.4
Ending Stocks
United States (Jun-May) 8.3 17.9 26.7 0.9 1.0 1.3 41.3 42.5 43.7
Other 112.7 146.1 169.2 80.0 92.4 91.2 88.4 103.4 90.4
World Total 121.1 164.0 195.9 81.0 93.3 92.5 129.6 145.9 134.0
TY Imports
United States (Jun-May) 3.0 3.5 3.3 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.3 0.3
Other 110.6 136.1 118.4 27.6 26.1 28.1 99.4 81.2 82.3
World Total 113.6 139.5 121.6 28.2 26.8 28.9 99.9 81.5 82.6
TY Exports
United States (Jun-May) 34.3 27.3 22.5 3.3 3.1 3.2 60.7 47.9 50.0
Other 82.1 115.2 101.8 26.5 25.9 27.7 37.6 35.3 34.9
World Total 116.4 142.5 124.3 29.8 29.0 30.8 98.2 83.2 84.9
Note: Consumption in this table has not been adjusted for differences in marketing year imports and exports
and therefore differs from global totals shown elsewhere.
Marketing years for U.S. grains are: Wheat (Jun-May), Rice (Aug-Jul), Corn (Sep-Aug).
'Marketing Year' column is germane for U.S. wheat only.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDAOffice of Global Analysis
February 2010
WHEAT: WORLD MARKETS AND TRADE PRICES:
Grain: World Markets and Trade, February 2010
4
Domestic: Prices for all classes of wheat fell through the first week in February, except for Hard Red Spring (HRS) which was unchanged. Growing global supplies more than offset a slight uptick in U.S. export sales. Soft and Hard Red Winter showed the largest declines, of $24 and $18/ton, respectively, while Soft White fell $10/ton. TRADE CHANGES IN 2009/10 Selected Exporters:
• Argentina is raised 1.0 million tons to 4.0 million on higher production and increased exportable supplies.
U.S. Weekly FOB Export Bids
150
200
250
300
11/6
11/13
11/20
11/27 12
/412
/1112
/1812
/25 1/1 1/8 1/15
1/22
1/29 2/5
$/M
T
HRS HRW SRW SWW
• Pakistan is halved to 500,000 tons based on reduced exports to Afghanistan.
• Turkey is up 300,000 tons to 2.6 million due to higher expected flour shipments to Iraq
and Indonesia. Selected Importers:
• Afghanistan is raised 700,000 tons to 2.0 million as the pace of wheat flour shipments from Kazakhstan remains brisk.
• Iran is cut 1.0 million to 3.5 million based on the slow pace of imports.
• Pakistan is halved to 500,000 due to increased domestic supplies and minimal imports to
date.
• Turkey is up 500,000 tons to 2.5 million based on the strong pace of trade, particularly from Russia.
• Uzbekistan is increased 400,000 tons to 1.4 million on the strong pace of flour shipments
from Kazakhstan. • United States is up 150,000 tons to 3.3 million because of expected feed-quality wheat
imports from Brazil and Europe.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDAOffice of Global Analysis
February 2010
World Wheat, Flour, and Products Trade
July/June Year, Thousand Metric Tons
2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10
Feb
none
TY Exports
4,0008,59810,22812,1688,21613,426 Argentina
15,00013,4527,44911,24115,21115,826 Australia
18,50018,58316,56119,27815,63315,109 Canada
1,0007232,8352,7831,3971,171 China
19,00025,31812,27113,81615,70114,745 EU-27
7,5005,7018,1818,0893,8173,039 Kazakhstan
1,2001,4061,261548533504 Mexico
18,00018,39312,55210,58410,5148,456 Russia
2,6002,3421,7632,2003,2082,235 Turkey
9,00013,0371,2363,3666,4614,403 Ukraine
6,0497,6327,7826,4825,8866,360 Others
101,849115,18582,11990,55586,57785,274 Subtotal
22,50027,29534,32825,04127,25228,552 United States
124,349142,480116,447115,596113,829113,826 World Total
none
TY Imports
2,0003,8002,3001,4005001,000 Afghanistan
5,3006,3595,9044,8745,4765,358 Algeria
2,6002,8821,5551,7312,0342,058 Bangladesh
6,5006,3677,1367,7045,8235,009 Brazil
8,8009,9007,7007,3007,7718,150 Egypt
6,5007,7406,9425,1376,7587,061 EU-27
5,5005,4235,2245,5964,9814,661 Indonesia
3,5009,3002007001,105200 Iran
3,8003,8683,4242,9124,9963,010 Iraq
2,1002,0601,1861,4581,6631,549 Israel
5,3005,1565,7015,7475,4695,744 Japan
3,7003,3713,0923,4393,8843,591 Korea, South
1,6501,6771,5679941,7221,488 Libya
3,1003,3413,1363,6103,5493,717 Mexico
1,8003,7594,1911,8012,4182,272 Morocco
3,5003,5502,6773,2653,6783,014 Nigeria
1,5001,3851,4521,3671,6441,449 Peru
3,0003,2012,2662,7542,9542,593 Philippines
1,6001,40048917750 Saudi Arabia
1,5001,5001,3338851,2421,407 South Africa
1,5001,7121,0601,3231,6591,522 Sudan
1,8001,700200200231200 Syria
2,5003,5772,1921,77864372 Turkey
1,5251,5001,4981,7651,6911,504 Venezuela
2,3002,7861,8612,4202,1871,860 Yemen
35,51538,74236,72839,99935,27039,463 Others
118,390136,056110,573110,250108,846108,302 Subtotal
2,7092,9642,8621,9522,6843,578 Unaccounted
3,2503,4603,0123,3942,2991,946 United States
124,349142,480116,447115,596113,829113,826 World Total
TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDAOffice of Global Analysis
February 2010
World Wheat Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons
2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10
Feb
none
Production
9,0009,00018,00016,10014,60016,100 Argentina
22,50020,93913,56910,82225,17321,905 Australia
26,50028,61120,05425,26525,74824,796 Canada
114,500112,464109,298108,46697,44591,952 China
7,9007,8838,2758,2748,1847,177 Egypt
138,218151,080120,133124,870132,356146,886 EU-27
80,58078,57075,81069,35068,64072,150 India
12,00010,00015,00014,50014,30814,568 Iran
17,00012,55016,45013,45011,2009,950 Kazakhstan
6,3703,7301,5836,3273,0435,540 Morocco
24,00021,50023,30021,27721,61219,500 Pakistan
61,70063,70049,40044,90047,70045,400 Russia
17,80016,80015,50017,50018,50018,500 Turkey
20,90025,90013,90014,00018,70017,500 Ukraine
6,2006,0006,2005,8505,8005,250 Uzbekistan
51,95945,95148,16345,53449,68149,852 Others
617,127614,678554,635546,485562,690567,026 Subtotal
60,31468,01655,82149,21757,24358,698 United States
677,441682,694610,456595,702619,933625,724 World Total
none
Total Consumption
8,7508,4508,0507,8507,7507,550 Algeria
11,40010,70010,30010,30010,4509,900 Brazil
8,1008,0276,7878,9868,2428,240 Canada
102,000102,500106,000102,000101,500102,000 China
17,05016,55015,95015,45014,80014,200 Egypt
127,000127,500116,536125,500127,525123,220 EU-27
76,12070,77076,42273,37169,98072,838 India
16,20015,90015,50015,30014,80014,550 Iran
7,5507,5257,5007,5007,4007,400 Kazakhstan
7,6507,5507,4507,1506,8006,600 Morocco
23,30022,80022,40021,90020,90019,600 Pakistan
41,20038,90037,70036,40038,40037,400 Russia
17,40016,90016,80016,65016,10016,800 Turkey
12,10011,90012,30011,70012,50011,700 Ukraine
7,2507,0506,8006,5006,1185,700 Uzbekistan
129,128126,063118,116121,066122,532116,044 Others
613,430605,459588,367584,643591,379575,664 Subtotal
32,16834,29128,61430,94031,32031,783 United States
645,598639,750616,981615,583622,699607,447 World Total
none
Ending Stocks
6,8566,5564,4066,8659,6987,922 Canada
60,78548,68538,96338,45034,38738,821 China
4,9835,3434,1204,1204,0062,861 Egypt
17,06318,34512,34314,07523,38427,496 EU-27
18,02013,5105,8004,5002,0004,100 India
4,1573,9073,1573,5073,2573,419 Iran
11,1298,4291,8192,2313,4543,386 Russia
46,17341,37142,13841,43251,74447,537 Others
169,166146,146112,746115,180131,930135,542 Subtotal
26,69017,8678,32312,41415,54514,699 United States
195,856164,013121,069127,594147,475150,241 World Total
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDAOffice of Global Analysis
February 2010
Regional Wheat Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Thousand Metric Tons
2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09
Feb
2009/10
TY Imports none
5,915 North America 6,135 7,325 6,535 7,188 6,750
1,510 Central America 1,506 1,582 1,460 1,482 1,550
10,526 South America 12,304 13,979 13,143 12,746 12,890
7,061 European Union 6,758 5,137 6,942 7,740 6,500
1,464 Other Europe 1,457 1,480 1,923 1,690 1,675
4,910 Former Soviet Union - 12 5,487 5,958 6,021 6,544 5,500
10,209 Middle East 13,447 12,143 11,726 28,296 20,800
18,347 North Africa 18,650 16,402 21,734 23,467 19,050
12,086 Sub-Saharan Africa 13,174 11,735 10,371 13,363 13,395
18,357 East Asia 12,852 11,886 11,278 11,322 11,950
5,655 South Asia 4,812 10,944 8,270 10,713 6,215
11,429 Southeast Asia 11,923 12,437 11,405 12,328 12,500
2,779 Others 2,640 2,636 2,777 2,637 2,865
110,248 Total 111,145 113,644 113,585 139,516 121,640
Production none
85,914 North America 86,011 77,722 79,468 100,627 91,114
25,336 South America 22,572 21,022 24,835 18,523 17,928
146,886 European Union 132,356 124,870 120,133 151,080 138,218
5,435 Other Europe 4,196 4,313 4,405 4,693 4,465
85,581 Former Soviet Union - 12 91,123 84,927 92,541 115,585 113,670
42,771 Middle East 42,975 41,758 39,912 32,196 36,825
17,166 North Africa 15,178 18,576 13,948 14,588 19,395
4,796 Sub-Saharan Africa 5,219 5,724 5,547 6,449 6,057
93,221 East Asia 98,652 109,669 110,590 113,706 115,711
96,326 South Asia 96,034 95,881 105,075 103,870 111,100
22,161 Oceania 25,466 11,099 13,846 21,216 22,777
131 Others 151 141 156 161 181
625,724 Total 619,933 595,702 610,456 682,694 677,441
Domestic Consumption none
46,023 North America 45,662 46,126 40,901 48,318 46,418
23,094 South America 24,151 23,901 23,951 24,254 25,175
123,220 European Union 127,525 125,500 116,536 127,500 127,000
6,018 Other Europe 5,917 5,495 5,600 5,544 5,830
72,231 Former Soviet Union - 12 75,041 72,627 75,002 76,570 79,500
49,690 Middle East 50,423 51,308 50,519 53,260 53,665
32,538 North Africa 33,847 34,205 36,042 37,352 38,325
16,390 Sub-Saharan Africa 17,782 16,752 15,870 18,873 19,143
114,117 East Asia 114,116 113,938 117,556 114,118 114,170
100,951 South Asia 100,310 105,160 109,487 104,405 111,280
10,900 Southeast Asia 11,515 11,693 10,990 12,111 12,340
6,916 Oceania 7,484 8,545 7,394 7,699 8,025
3,437 Others 3,344 3,313 3,377 3,372 3,495
605,525 Total 617,117 618,563 613,225 633,376 644,366
Ending Stocks none
22,997 North America 25,555 19,693 13,111 24,740 33,913
4,062 South America 4,752 5,132 5,801 3,293 3,616
27,496 European Union 23,384 14,075 12,343 18,345 17,063
1,770 Other Europe 1,333 1,067 1,037 1,442 1,237
12,746 Former Soviet Union - 12 13,338 9,263 10,609 18,510 23,155
12,600 Middle East 13,520 12,041 10,648 12,221 13,919
9,492 North Africa 9,233 9,749 9,127 9,600 9,485
1,243 Sub-Saharan Africa 1,458 1,731 1,563 2,074 2,033
41,220 East Asia 36,606 40,838 41,781 51,519 63,395
7,393 South Asia 6,285 7,057 8,487 16,363 21,698
2,152 Southeast Asia 2,251 2,605 2,549 2,432 2,347
6,848 Oceania 9,544 4,159 3,841 3,301 3,818
222 Others 216 184 172 173 177
150,241 Total 147,475 127,594 121,069 164,013 195,856
NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are reported
using local marketing years.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDAOffice of Global Analysis
February 2010
RICE: WORLD MARKETS AND TRADE PRICES: Recent Price Spreads Becoming
Less Volatile
-250
-200
-150
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
Feb-00Feb-01
Feb-02Feb-03
Feb-04Feb-05
Feb-06Feb-07
Feb-08Feb-09
Feb-10
US-Thai Price Spread Thai-Viet Price Spread
$/MTFor most of this decade, the spread between U.S. #2/4 quotes and Thai 100B quotes was positive and moved rather slowly. Likewise, the difference between Thai 100B quotes and Vietnamese 5% quotes was mostly positive and fairly small. This pattern changed in 2008 when Thai quotes fell below U.S. quotes, and the gap between Thai and Vietnamese quotes ballooned. At the same time, prices at all origins were changing quickly and not always in the same direction, creating volatility in the spread. In the past few months, however, it seems that this volatility has diminished as quotes have tended to move in the same direction. In addition, the U.S.-Thai spread has been shrinking and is near zero. With the completion of the Philippine tenders, there may be more stability in the Thai-Viet spread, as well. TRADE CHANGES
Selected Exporters:
• Burma is down 200,000 tons to 800,000 in 2010 due to depleted stocks after 2009
exports reached the highest level in over 40 years. • Egypt is up 150,000 tons to 600,000 in 2010 on the government announcement that
additional export licenses will be granted due to sufficient domestic supplies. • Uruguay is raised 126,000 tons to a record 926,000 for 2009 and raised 108,000 tons to
742,000 for 2008 based on new trade data. Selected Importers:
• South Africa is boosted 150,000 tons to 800,000 for 2009 on near-final trade data.
• Venezuela is doubled to 300,000 tons for 2010 on weather-related crop shortages.
Grain: World Markets and Trade, February 2010
8
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDAOffice of Global Analysis
February 2010
World Rice Trade
January/December Year, Thousand Metric Tons
2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10
Feb
none
TY Exports
550600408436487348 Argentina
300650511201291272 Brazil
8001,0525413147190 Burma
800800500450350200 Cambodia
1,5007609691,3401,216656 China
6005007501,2099581,095 Egypt
135140157139144201 EU-27
220250210210250182 Guyana
2,0002,0003,3836,3014,5374,687 India
200200200200200200 Japan
3,8003,0003,0002,6963,5793,032 Pakistan
90901720105 Peru
10,0008,57010,0119,5577,3767,274 Thailand
750926742734812762 Uruguay
5,5005,9504,6494,5224,7055,174 Vietnam
450441430809876815 Others
27,69525,92926,47828,85525,83825,093 Subtotal
3,1503,1003,2733,0293,3073,863 United States
30,84529,02929,75131,88429,14528,956 World Total
none
TY Imports
5001501,6581,570531785 Bangladesh
750630417684691548 Brazil
340345365341333321 Canada
350330295472654609 China
860800800980750850 Cote d'Ivoire
575425558574594736 Cuba
1,3501,3501,5201,3421,2211,089 EU-27
350350300340440450 Ghana
330150150240200221 Guinea
325300320292399328 Haiti
400395399348309347 Hong Kong
1,7001,7001,5001,5001,5001,200 Iran
1,1001,0009756131,306786 Iraq
700700546642681787 Japan
8508301,020799886751 Malaysia
600610578609586553 Mexico
350350300410330350 Mozambique
1,6001,9001,6001,5501,6001,777 Nigeria
2,6002,0002,5001,9001,7911,890 Philippines
1,4001,3701,3609619581,357 Saudi Arabia
700715860700600850 Senegal
350300320393350375 Singapore
800800665960800764 South Africa
500500300450350320 Vietnam
325325325338250250 Yemen
8,4197,7907,9589,6497,6808,195 Others
28,12426,11527,58928,65725,79026,489 Subtotal
1,9862,2141,5112,5322,7222,048 Unaccounted
735700651695633419 United States
30,84529,02929,75131,88429,14528,956 World Total
TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.
Note about dates: 2009/10 is calendar year 2010, 2008/09 is calendar year 2009, and so on.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDAOffice of Global Analysis
February 2010
World Rice Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons
2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10
Feb
none
Milled Production
30,00031,00028,80029,00028,75825,600 Bangladesh
7,8208,5698,1997,6957,8748,996 Brazil
10,73010,15010,73010,60010,4409,570 Burma
4,6304,5204,2383,9463,7712,627 Cambodia
137,000134,330130,224127,200126,414125,363 China
4,3744,3874,3854,3834,1354,128 Egypt
84,50099,15096,69093,35091,79083,130 India
38,80038,30037,00035,30034,95934,830 Indonesia
7,6208,0297,9307,7868,2577,944 Japan
4,9104,8434,4084,6804,7685,000 Korea, South
3,4003,2003,0002,9002,7002,300 Nigeria
6,2006,7005,7005,4505,5475,025 Pakistan
10,20010,75310,4799,7759,8219,425 Philippines
20,40019,85019,80018,25018,20017,360 Thailand
24,30024,38824,37522,92222,77222,716 Vietnam
34,36432,62532,08331,27531,25730,347 Others
429,248440,794428,041414,512411,463394,361 Subtotal
7,0306,5156,3446,2677,1057,462 United States
436,278447,309434,385420,779418,568401,823 World Total
none
Consumption and Residual
31,10031,00030,74729,76429,00026,900 Bangladesh
8,6008,5298,2547,9258,4609,074 Brazil
9,8509,55010,24910,67010,40010,300 Burma
3,8803,7703,7883,6463,5712,777 Cambodia
133,500129,000127,450127,200128,000130,300 China
4,0004,0003,3403,2763,3203,250 Egypt
86,70093,15090,46686,70085,08880,861 India
37,60037,09036,35035,90035,73935,850 Indonesia
3,6003,5503,5753,5503,2742,986 Iran
8,2008,3708,1778,2508,2508,300 Japan
4,9784,9724,6704,8874,7664,951 Korea, South
5,1005,1004,5004,4004,3004,250 Nigeria
13,78513,65013,49912,00010,72210,400 Philippines
9,6009,5009,6009,7809,5449,480 Thailand
19,15019,00019,40018,77518,39217,595 Vietnam
50,72749,37548,32747,54546,03246,043 Others
432,954430,840424,432417,567412,140405,558 Subtotal
4,1714,1004,0784,1023,8283,934 United States
437,125434,940428,510421,669415,968409,492 World Total
none
Ending Stocks
45,26542,91538,01535,91536,78338,931 China
13,00017,00013,00011,43010,5208,500 India
8,4877,0575,6074,6073,2073,448 Indonesia
2,6352,7152,5562,4062,3951,919 Japan
3,1364,1214,4184,8685,2934,572 Philippines
5,8874,7872,7072,5103,5942,312 Thailand
2,1061,9562,0181,3921,3171,292 Vietnam
10,71011,81911,71210,70611,51011,205 Others
91,22692,37080,03373,83474,61972,179 Subtotal
1,2719749421,2661,3711,211 United States
92,49793,34480,97575,10075,99073,390 World Total
Note: All data are reported on a milled basis.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDAOffice of Global Analysis
February 2010
Regional Rice Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Thousand Metric Tons
2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09
Feb
2009/10
TY Imports none
1,293 North America 1,552 1,645 1,594 1,655 1,675
1,213 Caribbean 1,111 965 1,028 820 1,005
964 South America 1,095 1,080 1,119 1,188 1,355
114 Other Europe 138 137 98 125 120
526 Former Soviet Union - 12 504 361 335 355 325
4,879 Middle East 5,204 4,778 5,728 5,785 5,910
261 North Africa 233 355 280 160 145
8,225 Sub-Saharan Africa 7,512 7,804 7,284 7,897 8,045
2,119 East Asia 2,017 2,318 1,646 1,825 1,926
1,202 South Asia 925 1,962 2,063 490 1,110
4,236 Southeast Asia 4,122 5,742 4,637 4,300 4,935
1,876 Others 2,010 2,205 2,428 2,215 2,308
26,908 Total 26,423 29,352 28,240 26,815 28,859
Production none
7,657 North America 7,286 6,445 6,522 6,690 7,220
760 Caribbean 685 798 796 882 932
16,217 South America 14,557 14,292 15,649 16,014 15,072
1,880 European Union 1,731 1,676 1,757 1,680 1,988
770 Former Soviet Union - 12 871 1,000 1,005 915 1,095
2,145 Middle East 2,372 2,538 2,738 2,085 2,496
4,148 North Africa 4,170 4,413 4,406 4,408 4,409
7,892 Sub-Saharan Africa 8,804 9,376 9,557 10,468 11,016
141,118 East Asia 142,492 142,661 145,044 150,104 152,250
119,009 South Asia 131,367 133,111 136,535 142,095 126,598
99,462 Southeast Asia 102,944 103,778 109,823 111,292 112,536
765 Others 1,289 691 553 676 666
401,823 Total 418,568 420,779 434,385 447,309 436,278
Domestic Consumption none
5,005 North America 4,936 5,231 5,143 5,225 5,291
1,079 Central America 1,064 1,102 1,116 1,108 1,073
1,990 Caribbean 1,732 1,829 1,863 1,737 1,930
14,930 South America 14,002 13,418 14,053 14,697 14,699
2,636 European Union 2,651 2,911 3,185 2,970 3,108
1,332 Former Soviet Union - 12 1,346 1,342 1,283 1,241 1,330
6,756 Middle East 7,629 7,586 7,809 7,976 8,235
3,531 North Africa 3,575 3,546 3,636 4,146 4,170
16,100 Sub-Saharan Africa 16,581 17,050 17,503 17,943 18,920
147,014 East Asia 144,371 144,289 143,315 145,800 149,920
115,884 South Asia 121,673 124,366 129,650 133,215 126,645
90,387 Southeast Asia 92,459 94,986 97,250 97,048 98,596
607 Others 667 714 664 600 624
407,251 Total 412,686 418,370 426,470 433,706 434,541
Ending Stocks none
1,385 North America 1,530 1,409 1,135 1,140 1,442
297 Central America 271 299 255 207 213
159 Caribbean 225 178 134 109 106
2,472 South America 2,199 2,230 2,488 2,518 2,078
1,138 European Union 1,181 1,138 1,126 1,020 1,115
1,728 Middle East 2,079 1,697 1,977 1,826 1,902
502 North Africa 366 370 685 792 576
1,494 Sub-Saharan Africa 1,330 1,021 1,341 1,000 1,001
41,916 East Asia 40,329 39,317 41,537 46,657 49,157
9,038 South Asia 11,317 12,636 14,306 19,193 14,286
12,648 Southeast Asia 14,469 14,426 15,780 18,732 20,465
431 Oceania 515 230 52 26 22
182 Others 179 149 159 124 134
73,390 Total 75,990 75,100 80,975 93,344 92,497
NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are reported
using local marketing years.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDAOffice of Global Analysis
February 2010
COARSE GRAINS: WORLD MARKETS AND TRADE PRICES:
Corn Weekly Export Bids
150
160
170
180
190
200
30-O
ct6-
Nov
13-N
ov20
-Nov
27-N
ov4-
Dec
11-D
ec18
-Dec
25-D
ec1-
Jan
8-Ja
n15
-Jan
22-J
an29
-Jan
5-Fe
b
$/M
TU.S. Gulf Argentina Up River
Brazil Paranagua
Throughout January, U.S. corn export quotes continued a nearly $30 per ton slide to about $165 following USDA data indicating a record crop. Argentine and Brazilian quotes largely moved with U.S., but the normal pre-harvest discount ($20) has narrowed because of strong sales and shipments. TRADE CHANGES IN 2009/10 Selected Exporters
• U.S. corn is cut 2.0 million tons to 50.0 million based on the pace of shipments, despite
some improved sales in recent weeks. • Argentine corn is raised 2.0 million tons to 9.5 million because of strong shipments in
recent months and improved prospects for new crop corn.
• EU barley is lowered 500,000 tons to 1.5 million, the lowest in 6 years, on the continued slow pace of export licenses and large early-season intervention offers.
• Turkey barley is raised 450,000 tons to 500,000 on large feed-barley export tenders by
the Turkish Grain Board.
• U.S. sorghum is boosted 200,000 tons to 3.8 million with commitments running well ahead of last year. (Japanese and Mexican sorghum imports are each boosted 100,000 tons.)
Selected Importers
• Vietnamese corn is boosted 200,000 tons to 900,000 based on strong trade with Thailand.
• Iran barley is lowered 200,000 tons based on a slow early-season import pace.
Grain: World Markets and Trade, February 2010
12 Foreign Agricultural Service/USDAOffice of Global Analysis
February 2010
World Coarse Grain Trade
October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons
2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10
Feb
none
TY Exports
11,40510,24117,78617,19111,24314,371 Argentina
5,0604,8743,8951,9935,6144,996 Australia
9,1007,1838,0328,1882,8261,457 Brazil
3,6253,8486,3793,7874,0103,217 Canada
3,2804,3384,6795,4633,6525,952 EU-27
1,0252,4005,539721501505 India
2,4504,9431,4191,8361,4521,534 Russia
2,0051,478132863nrnr Serbia
2,5402,1591,1454621,4291,553 South Africa
11,01511,3805,9093,9427,4396,465 Ukraine
5,2705,3495,57410,9768,88810,457 Others
56,77558,19360,48955,42247,05450,507 Subtotal
53,95051,71868,28959,15761,44350,692 United States
110,725109,911128,778114,579108,497101,199 World Total
none
TY Imports
2,1052,0802,4332,5882,1392,273 Algeria
9501,4941,2581,4721,107745 Brazil
2,0701,9003,1872,2852,0292,339 Canada
1,6251,2611,9691,7661,6781,189 Chile
1,6351,6511,1571,1562,3062,073 China
3,7753,6523,6033,7143,3802,516 Colombia
1,0009001,0741,2121,0681,031 Dominican Republic
4,2255,0664,1744,8454,4185,405 Egypt
2,8302,99619,8928,7382,8832,906 EU-27
3,7005,0003,9003,6003,0003,858 Iran
1,4251,4611,7761,6841,5881,700 Israel
19,46019,61119,21019,66819,76519,709 Japan
8508258891,1861,234938 Jordan
1,0601,3042106115269 Kenya
7,5707,2549,3588,7978,5458,710 Korea, South
2,6002,4003,1812,3632,5172,406 Malaysia
12,45010,46711,01111,0409,9288,977 Mexico
1,7351,7842,1852,1501,9751,989 Morocco
1,6201,3991,5921,6461,5481,366 Peru
9,3059,1859,9687,5788,5757,724 Saudi Arabia
2,9002,8502,5112,0792,0062,281 Syria
4,7254,6724,6844,4034,7434,757 Taiwan
1,1009001,1831,5191,2301,228 Tunisia
1,3001,3411,103534152107 Venezuela
9001,100700650475291 Vietnam
12,06012,24314,36713,89914,19311,444 Others
104,975104,796126,575110,578102,59798,231 Subtotal
3,1252,308-1,4071,3963,605726 Unaccounted
2,6252,8073,6102,6052,2952,242 United States
110,725109,911128,778114,579108,497101,199 World Total
TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDAOffice of Global Analysis
February 2010
World Coarse Grains Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons
2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10
Feb
none
Production
22,67316,22326,97427,03419,35124,899 Argentina
11,81711,97012,8956,58313,52711,409 Australia
53,61453,62461,34453,18444,16737,874 Brazil
22,37327,16727,84123,14524,93925,602 Canada
162,000172,700159,105159,098147,696138,252 China
8,8259,2368,3027,9287,1795,763 Ethiopia
152,580161,579136,123137,421146,267166,579 EU-27
33,60039,17040,63033,81034,04033,560 India
9,0008,7008,5007,8506,8007,200 Indonesia
29,32931,48530,57729,18125,88728,975 Mexico
27,50026,60024,00026,00024,70023,200 Nigeria
31,80040,70029,32530,20027,60029,600 Russia
12,00313,08413,6907,7607,31112,209 South Africa
10,39510,3159,48010,89611,95511,055 Turkey
24,12026,22014,58519,17518,14023,000 Ukraine
133,597126,938124,632126,891120,485116,221 Others
745,226775,711728,003706,156680,044695,398 Subtotal
350,258325,867349,861279,998298,710319,378 United States
1,095,4841,101,5781,077,864986,154978,7541,014,776 World Total
none
Domestic Consumption
10,0736,6739,8979,5199,4719,055 Argentina
48,27947,50445,27943,30442,19741,558 Brazil
22,17322,85024,02124,50522,85922,944 Canada
167,575160,425157,015153,465147,105141,072 China
11,98011,86311,47711,80011,16312,364 Egypt
153,205152,105154,155147,877147,538152,573 EU-27
32,85036,40035,50032,52033,80033,240 India
19,60519,71019,46019,82320,08919,881 Japan
42,55042,13540,31039,97037,60038,335 Mexico
27,55026,45024,00025,75024,45022,950 Nigeria
31,45032,65028,87528,60027,70029,400 Russia
10,0809,5809,6808,7608,2357,160 Saudi Arabia
10,80310,57310,1589,1538,76810,283 South Africa
10,31010,57510,60911,60211,46211,536 Turkey
13,59013,72011,83513,15012,41515,175 Ukraine
194,417191,614188,797184,822181,547168,703 Others
808,842796,776781,499769,337747,731737,569 Subtotal
296,675275,748274,533242,798245,022240,177 United States
1,105,5171,072,5241,056,0321,012,135992,753977,746 World Total
none
Ending Stocks
3,4003,3302,6661,2052,8042,153 Australia
10,56713,58212,8653,7723,1874,380 Brazil
5,0006,3554,0103,5016,3476,356 Canada
49,62154,13140,42638,03236,70537,564 China
18,97720,10212,76815,13822,27525,128 EU-27
3,4014,2224,5653,4263,3765,400 Mexico
3,1723,3823,2511,7762,4433,435 South Africa
36,70637,39734,89735,65132,75235,439 Others
130,844142,501115,448102,501109,889119,855 Subtotal
48,68447,06045,05936,17454,76758,800 United States
179,528189,561160,507138,675164,656178,655 World Total
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDAOffice of Global Analysis
February 2010
Regional Coarse Grains Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Thousand Metric Tons
2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09
Feb
2009/10
TY Imports none
13,558 North America 14,252 15,930 17,808 15,174 17,145
2,405 Central America 2,803 2,906 2,681 2,440 2,825
1,913 Caribbean 1,969 2,227 2,239 2,000 2,150
6,462 South America 8,791 10,181 10,672 10,149 10,150
2,906 European Union 2,883 8,738 19,892 2,996 2,830
1,129 Former Soviet Union - 12 1,052 949 1,027 564 545
17,940 Middle East 17,835 18,674 21,819 21,261 19,880
11,603 North Africa 10,481 11,671 10,755 10,730 10,015
2,738 Sub-Saharan Africa 3,540 2,387 2,679 3,244 2,845
35,661 East Asia 35,613 34,135 34,662 33,438 33,640
3,499 Southeast Asia 4,897 4,394 4,746 4,739 4,550
659 Others 776 991 1,205 868 1,025
100,473 Total 104,892 113,183 130,185 107,603 107,600
Production none
373,955 North America 349,536 332,324 408,279 384,519 401,960
73,026 South America 73,858 92,137 100,084 81,449 88,329
166,579 European Union 146,267 137,421 136,123 161,579 152,580
12,781 Other Europe 12,659 11,568 9,370 12,292 11,718
63,030 Former Soviet Union - 12 55,307 58,701 53,912 78,140 67,440
18,876 Middle East 19,998 19,060 17,381 15,933 16,977
11,786 North Africa 9,371 11,211 9,894 9,871 13,932
77,479 Sub-Saharan Africa 81,425 87,260 90,587 94,703 95,036
140,518 East Asia 149,899 161,399 161,295 174,874 164,141
39,291 South Asia 40,395 40,020 46,925 45,128 39,908
21,583 Southeast Asia 22,000 23,838 26,062 26,153 26,840
12,034 Oceania 14,174 7,230 13,542 12,617 12,464
3,838 Others 3,865 3,985 4,410 4,320 4,159
1,014,776 Total 978,754 986,154 1,077,864 1,101,578 1,095,484
Domestic Consumption none
301,456 North America 305,481 307,273 338,864 340,733 361,398
65,791 South America 68,213 70,951 74,697 73,222 78,324
152,573 European Union 147,538 147,877 154,155 152,105 153,205
12,174 Other Europe 12,044 11,533 10,456 10,604 10,775
54,628 Former Soviet Union - 12 50,113 51,260 50,444 57,441 55,795
35,041 Middle East 37,188 37,607 37,827 37,890 37,516
21,816 North Africa 20,820 22,029 21,161 20,748 22,710
77,459 Sub-Saharan Africa 84,638 88,391 88,359 94,560 95,497
177,081 East Asia 182,819 188,963 191,868 194,920 201,809
38,890 South Asia 40,067 38,801 42,052 42,416 39,233
23,814 Southeast Asia 26,093 26,834 28,740 29,598 30,315
7,478 Oceania 7,940 6,885 7,666 7,347 7,437
8,205 Others 8,467 9,014 9,312 8,991 9,151
976,406 Total 991,421 1,007,418 1,055,601 1,070,575 1,103,165
Ending Stocks none
70,556 North America 64,490 43,101 53,634 57,637 57,085
9,670 South America 7,676 9,060 18,476 16,789 15,027
25,128 European Union 22,275 15,138 12,768 20,102 18,977
1,607 Other Europe 1,491 1,520 1,291 1,821 1,589
7,393 Former Soviet Union - 12 5,105 5,093 4,301 8,506 6,555
7,442 Middle East 7,951 8,167 7,498 7,882 6,973
3,640 North Africa 2,675 3,166 2,419 2,528 3,765
5,180 Sub-Saharan Africa 5,120 5,240 6,536 6,886 7,125
41,705 East Asia 40,586 41,793 44,954 58,125 53,527
1,543 South Asia 1,401 1,455 1,580 1,795 1,535
1,743 Southeast Asia 2,100 2,644 3,282 3,302 3,142
2,234 Oceania 2,883 1,293 2,729 3,390 3,457
814 Others 903 1,005 1,039 798 771
178,655 Total 164,656 138,675 160,507 189,561 179,528
NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are reported
using local marketing years.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDAOffice of Global Analysis
February 2010
World Corn Trade
October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons
2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10
Feb
none
TY Exports
9,5008,45815,67615,69310,70713,752 Argentina
9,0007,1787,8838,0712,8261,431 Brazil
5001725495,2693,7277,589 China
1,5001,743591664449678 EU-27
1,0002,3005,077582497481 India
1,0001,8621,4611,9811,314386 Paraguay
2,0001,467128854nrnr Serbia
2,5002,1111,1244311,4061,517 South Africa
750786646442121396 Thailand
5,0005,4972,0741,0272,4642,334 Ukraine
2,1353,7472,3482,1483,0132,050 Others
34,88535,32137,55737,16226,52430,614 Subtotal
50,00047,90760,66354,21456,08445,347 United States
84,88583,22898,22091,37682,60875,961 World Total
none
TY Imports
2,1001,9002,1662,4632,0612,145 Algeria
7001,0929611,204931481 Brazil
2,0001,8443,1172,2261,9622,237 Canada
1,2007791,6281,5081,5991,081 Chile
3,3003,2003,2673,3863,1512,256 Colombia
800750811646501546 Cuba
1,0009001,0741,2121,0681,031 Dominican Republic
4,2005,0004,1514,8264,3975,398 Egypt
2,5002,74314,0167,0562,6342,469 EU-27
750650617764751641 Guatemala
2,9003,6002,9003,3002,3002,558 Iran
1,0001,0001,3741,3111,1281,242 Israel
16,30016,53316,61416,71316,61716,485 Japan
1,0001,266202294231 Kenya
7,5007,1949,3118,7318,4838,633 Korea, South
2,6002,4003,1812,3632,5172,406 Malaysia
9,5007,7649,5568,9446,7875,945 Mexico
1,6001,5001,8581,6831,4911,423 Morocco
1,5001,3071,4691,5281,4671,301 Peru
1,8001,4821,9611,5771,4721,224 Saudi Arabia
1,9001,8001,6111,7291,2561,781 Syria
4,6004,5504,5274,2834,5334,562 Taiwan
800600805653624714 Tunisia
1,3001,3361,103534152106 Venezuela
9001,100700650475291 Vietnam
8,5958,87010,42410,74711,0968,427 Others
82,34581,16099,40490,03979,54775,614 Subtotal
2,2401,731-1,6851,0182,85166 Unaccounted
300337501319210281 United States
84,88583,22898,22091,37682,60875,961 World Total
TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.
The large, negative Unaccounted in 2007/08 arises largely from timing differences between declared exports and Japan's and Korea's
declared imports.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDAOffice of Global Analysis
February 2010
World Corn Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons
2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10
Feb
none
Production
17,20012,60022,00022,50015,80020,500 Argentina
51,00051,00058,60051,00041,70035,000 Brazil
9,56010,59211,6498,9909,3328,837 Canada
155,000165,900152,300151,600139,365130,290 China
6,3006,2176,1746,1495,9325,840 Egypt
55,76662,72147,55553,82960,66866,471 EU-27
18,50019,29018,96015,10014,71014,180 India
9,0008,7008,5007,8506,8007,200 Indonesia
22,00024,22623,60022,35019,50022,050 Mexico
8,3007,9006,5007,8007,0006,500 Nigeria
6,8506,8467,2776,2315,8845,050 Philippines
6,4006,1304,0546,415nrnr Serbia
11,50012,56713,1647,3006,93511,716 South Africa
10,50011,4007,4006,4007,1508,800 Ukraine
4,8004,5304,6004,2513,8183,757 Vietnam
71,10373,73868,36167,11271,92768,852 Others
463,779484,357460,694444,877416,521415,043 Subtotal
334,052307,142331,177267,503282,263299,876 United States
797,831791,499791,871712,380698,784714,919 World Total
none
Total Consumption
7,1005,0007,0006,7006,2005,200 Argentina
45,50044,50042,50041,00039,50038,500 Brazil
11,80011,66313,76911,44210,80810,311 Canada
159,000152,000149,000145,000137,000131,000 China
10,90010,80010,40010,70010,10011,300 Egypt
60,00062,00064,00062,30061,50063,200 EU-27
17,50016,90014,20013,90014,20013,900 India
9,1008,8008,5008,1008,3007,800 Indonesia
16,30016,40016,60016,50016,70016,500 Japan
7,7007,8768,6388,8338,5798,666 Korea, South
32,20032,40032,00030,70027,90027,900 Mexico
8,4007,8006,5507,6006,8006,300 Nigeria
7,4007,3007,1506,5505,8005,150 Philippines
10,20010,0009,6008,6008,2009,700 South Africa
5,6505,6505,7505,2505,1006,000 Ukraine
116,349115,601113,579110,286106,695100,313 Others
527,337516,170509,500497,121473,922463,688 Subtotal
282,334259,053261,632230,674232,015224,610 United States
809,671775,223771,132727,795705,937688,298 World Total
none
Ending Stocks
10,27913,27912,5793,5923,0154,192 Brazil
48,76953,16939,39436,60235,25536,555 China
2,8496,0834,3627,3829,4618,108 EU-27
1,3751,4902,0791,3221,3591,382 Korea, South
1,3988189334285853 Malawi
2,8093,5594,1313,0842,7074,529 Mexico
3,0073,1823,0901,6612,3083,190 South Africa
19,88121,79721,78221,68120,15019,728 Others
90,367103,37788,35075,75274,31377,737 Subtotal
43,67442,50441,25533,11449,96853,697 United States
134,041145,881129,605108,866124,281131,434 World Total
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDAOffice of Global Analysis
February 2010
Regional Corn Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Thousand Metric Tons
2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09
Feb
2009/10
TY Imports none
8,463 North America 8,959 11,489 13,174 9,945 11,800
2,401 Central America 2,803 2,906 2,678 2,440 2,825
5,738 South America 8,158 9,141 9,459 8,620 8,765
2,469 European Union 2,634 7,056 14,016 2,743 2,500
559 Former Soviet Union - 12 649 501 648 320 385
8,039 Middle East 7,381 10,225 10,056 9,457 8,875
10,112 North Africa 9,044 10,136 9,594 9,600 9,350
2,150 Sub-Saharan Africa 2,855 1,806 1,844 2,493 2,080
30,094 East Asia 29,949 29,854 30,746 28,574 28,750
3,492 Southeast Asia 4,890 4,385 4,715 4,725 4,525
1,913 Caribbean 1,969 2,227 2,239 2,000 2,150
465 Others 466 632 736 580 640
75,895 Total 79,757 90,358 99,905 81,497 82,645
Production none
330,763 North America 311,095 298,843 366,426 341,960 365,612
63,565 South America 65,826 83,335 90,357 72,954 77,960
66,471 European Union 60,668 53,829 47,555 62,721 55,766
10,199 Other Europe 10,333 9,350 7,239 9,965 9,585
15,424 Former Soviet Union - 12 13,289 12,849 13,790 21,315 17,415
5,656 Middle East 6,439 5,183 5,083 6,309 5,984
6,042 North Africa 6,134 6,351 6,376 6,419 6,502
40,661 Sub-Saharan Africa 38,264 41,527 46,771 47,772 47,990
132,081 East Asia 141,106 153,453 154,009 167,571 156,665
18,871 South Asia 19,920 20,115 23,980 24,160 23,520
2,633 Central America 2,757 2,885 3,244 3,243 3,053
21,330 Southeast Asia 21,745 23,605 25,825 25,913 26,600
1,223 Others 1,208 1,055 1,216 1,197 1,179
714,919 Total 698,784 712,380 791,871 791,499 797,831
Domestic Consumption none
262,821 North America 270,723 272,816 307,401 303,116 326,334
56,283 South America 59,799 63,172 66,112 65,205 69,205
63,200 European Union 61,500 62,300 64,000 62,000 60,000
9,474 Other Europe 9,426 8,995 7,817 8,102 8,255
12,749 Former Soviet Union - 12 11,908 12,144 12,898 14,255 12,940
13,202 Middle East 13,526 14,658 15,429 15,278 15,528
15,702 North Africa 14,871 16,061 15,664 15,800 16,200
39,530 Sub-Saharan Africa 41,149 42,693 43,761 47,046 47,696
163,073 East Asia 168,788 176,719 180,503 182,716 189,450
18,508 South Asia 19,319 18,982 19,474 21,795 22,545
23,576 Southeast Asia 25,837 26,597 28,499 29,350 30,075
5,125 Central America 5,350 5,800 5,900 5,800 5,950
3,107 Others 3,201 3,198 3,410 3,280 3,255
686,350 Total 705,397 724,135 770,868 773,743 807,433
Ending Stocks none
60,028 North America 54,676 37,535 46,843 47,920 47,800
8,634 South America 6,988 8,256 17,621 16,059 13,754
8,108 European Union 9,461 7,382 4,362 6,083 2,849
1,254 Other Europe 1,167 1,156 976 1,450 1,275
2,145 Former Soviet Union - 12 1,657 1,766 1,143 1,665 1,200
2,625 Middle East 2,735 3,244 3,018 3,427 2,508
1,061 North Africa 1,303 1,567 1,656 1,875 1,527
4,357 Sub-Saharan Africa 4,011 3,625 5,142 5,431 5,855
39,844 East Asia 38,328 39,745 43,373 56,630 52,095
833 South Asia 946 919 1,116 1,201 1,216
1,720 Southeast Asia 2,085 2,642 3,282 3,301 3,141
615 Central America 740 729 769 643 561
210 Others 184 300 304 196 260
131,434 Total 124,281 108,866 129,605 145,881 134,041
NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are reported
using local marketing years.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDAOffice of Global Analysis
February 2010
World Barley Trade
October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons
2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10
Feb
none
TY Exports
900871937537309338 Argentina
3,8003,2783,3771,9275,2314,481 Australia
1,5001,6182,9471,3371,8761,476 Canada
2017814933 China
5667100 Egypt
1,5002,3743,8884,3662,5874,240 EU-27
50031480660623976 Kazakhstan
2,2003,5981,2771,6911,3971,488 Russia
51149nrnr Serbia
5003034554626 Turkey
6,0005,8713,8142,9114,9263,992 Ukraine
50026112410 Uruguay
055452186554 Others
16,98018,01617,67614,07717,16016,174 Subtotal
100158901528357771 United States
17,08018,17418,57714,60517,51716,945 World Total
none
TY Imports
250400285267164182 Brazil
1,5001,5511,0911,1272,2172,049 China
250225256243198234 Colombia
150175519167168212 EU-27
8001,4001,0003007001,300 Iran
325375251224314313 Israel
1,4001,3461,3611,3591,4171,522 Japan
500525528804811607 Jordan
200255254217203188 Kuwait
20030016658248276 Libya
150125168813148 Mexico
7,5007,7008,0006,0007,1006,500 Saudi Arabia
1,0001,050900350750500 Syria
300300378866606514 Tunisia
250125252294326148 United Arab Emirates
1,2601,6562,0831,7461,6151,831 Others
16,03517,50817,49214,10316,86816,424 Subtotal
44594373148525364 Unaccounted
600572712354124157 United States
17,08018,17418,57714,60517,51716,945 World Total
TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDAOffice of Global Analysis
February 2010
World Barley Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons
2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10
Feb
none
Production
2,0005609507004001,314 Algeria
1,6001,6001,4751,265800886 Argentina
8,3007,6697,1604,2579,4837,740 Australia
1,6502,0001,7001,3501,8002,000 Belarus
9,52011,78110,9849,57311,67812,557 Canada
3,1002,9002,7853,1153,4003,222 China
1,3001,4841,3551,3521,2711,320 Ethiopia
61,98765,45957,54556,22054,75264,085 EU-27
1,5001,2301,3301,2201,2001,300 India
2,6002,0003,0003,0002,8572,940 Iran
2,6001,8002,5001,9001,5001,500 Kazakhstan
3,7001,2727632,5351,1022,760 Morocco
17,90023,10015,65018,10015,80017,200 Russia
6,0005,6006,0007,5007,6007,400 Turkey
11,80012,6006,00011,3509,00011,100 Ukraine
8,3997,6758,9539,0529,0159,016 Others
143,956148,730128,150132,489131,658146,340 Subtotal
4,9495,2304,5753,9234,6136,091 United States
148,905153,960132,725136,412136,271152,431 World Total
none
Total Consumption
4,1003,6003,1004,0003,5003,500 Australia
1,7002,0001,7501,6001,9501,900 Belarus
8,4509,0657,91610,1909,61110,138 Canada
4,5004,3003,9004,2005,4005,350 China
59,00057,50054,20055,70054,05054,580 EU-27
1,4501,0001,0001,2201,2001,300 India
3,3003,9003,6003,4004,2003,800 Iran
1,5501,6001,6001,6501,6501,650 Japan
1,8001,6001,7001,3501,4001,550 Kazakhstan
2,8001,5751,9002,5002,5252,625 Morocco
17,10017,10015,05016,40015,50016,500 Russia
7,9307,7307,4306,8106,5105,610 Saudi Arabia
1,6001,7501,0001,1501,5501,250 Syria
5,7005,7006,1007,3007,3007,300 Turkey
6,1006,0004,9006,3005,3006,400 Ukraine
14,34414,00714,72814,47314,30814,146 Others
141,430138,682129,596138,606136,677136,759 Subtotal
4,7895,1274,3244,5964,5705,672 United States
146,219143,809133,920143,202141,247142,431 World Total
none
Ending Stocks
884234333462554876 Algeria
2,8972,4971,6629882,5821,866 Australia
2,4632,8431,5681,4913,2893,435 Canada
12,00310,3665,7055,8248,53511,063 EU-27
1,1391391149034811,403 Morocco
2,2873,6371,0251,2728732,110 Russia
2,3682,2982,4282,4582,5681,978 Saudi Arabia
5,8385,7745,2495,8666,3227,003 Others
29,87927,78818,08419,26425,20429,734 Subtotal
2,5271,9321,4851,5002,3502,796 United States
32,40629,72019,56920,76427,55432,530 World Total
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDAOffice of Global Analysis
February 2010
Regional Barley Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Thousand Metric Tons
2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09
Feb
2009/10
TY Imports none
291 North America 201 476 933 739 800
538 South America 517 723 751 830 700
212 European Union 168 167 519 175 150
104 Other Europe 156 220 207 148 180
376 Former Soviet Union - 12 332 426 374 244 160
9,682 Middle East 10,303 8,278 11,572 11,699 10,885
1,488 North Africa 1,392 1,521 1,144 1,075 625
104 Sub-Saharan Africa 81 51 154 129 85
3,768 East Asia 3,816 2,595 2,550 2,996 3,000
3 South Asia 21 0 0 45 50
15 Oceania 5 0 0 0 0
16,581 Total 16,992 14,457 18,204 18,080 16,635
Production none
19,580 North America 17,051 14,365 16,212 17,822 15,250
2,065 South America 1,827 2,287 2,601 2,644 2,693
64,085 European Union 54,752 56,220 57,545 65,459 61,987
1,781 Other Europe 1,611 1,548 1,412 1,548 1,458
33,206 Former Soviet Union - 12 29,450 33,951 27,067 40,860 35,510
11,926 Middle East 12,335 12,520 10,927 8,291 9,630
4,719 North Africa 2,212 3,835 2,493 2,427 6,345
1,616 Sub-Saharan Africa 1,638 1,738 1,733 1,826 1,675
3,678 East Asia 3,848 3,549 3,240 3,377 3,550
1,655 South Asia 1,664 1,742 1,935 1,637 2,107
8,120 Oceania 9,883 4,657 7,560 8,069 8,700
152,431 Total 136,271 136,412 132,725 153,960 148,905
Domestic Consumption none
16,760 North America 15,106 15,711 13,115 15,117 14,139
2,317 South America 2,120 2,227 2,423 2,489 2,477
54,580 European Union 54,050 55,700 54,200 57,500 59,000
1,830 Other Europe 1,776 1,738 1,640 1,650 1,685
27,619 Former Soviet Union - 12 25,577 26,945 24,779 28,126 28,230
20,345 Middle East 22,265 21,434 20,831 21,175 20,510
5,089 North Africa 4,880 4,930 4,452 3,863 5,380
1,718 Sub-Saharan Africa 1,691 1,792 1,794 1,939 1,775
7,457 East Asia 7,492 6,219 5,858 6,259 6,410
1,656 South Asia 1,667 1,743 1,606 1,436 2,107
3,900 Oceania 3,900 4,400 3,500 4,000 4,500
143,271 Total 140,524 142,839 134,198 143,554 146,213
Ending Stocks none
6,472 North America 5,746 3,108 3,106 4,862 5,108
351 South America 191 292 237 223 189
11,063 European Union 8,535 5,824 5,705 10,366 12,003
307 Other Europe 283 319 277 320 268
4,193 Former Soviet Union - 12 2,515 2,720 2,499 5,360 4,104
4,779 Middle East 5,196 4,904 4,466 4,439 4,444
2,539 North Africa 1,332 1,559 721 623 2,208
39 Sub-Saharan Africa 65 62 97 104 89
836 East Asia 1,005 881 732 829 949
30 South Asia 49 49 31 61 111
1,921 Oceania 2,637 1,046 1,698 2,533 2,933
32,530 Total 27,554 20,764 19,569 29,720 32,406
NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are reported
using local marketing years.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDAOffice of Global Analysis
February 2010
World Sorghum Trade
October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons
2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10
Feb
none
TY Exports
1,0009071,172959226279 Argentina
1,1001,36034025190370 Australia
1000116115024 Brazil
50322231442628 China
505050505050 Nigeria
404821312336 South Africa
10051005025 Sudan
7090153301831 Others
2,5102,4922,1751,404535823 Subtotal
3,8003,6096,6644,3804,9614,541 United States
6,3106,1018,8395,7845,4965,364 World Total
none
TY Imports
3754042681894671 Chile
200202666750 Colombia
50844000 Ecuador
10014030000 Ethiopia
150665,2671,47477218 EU-27
7571144784434 Israel
1,6001,6291,0841,2761,3931,374 Japan
2,7002,4961,1561,9543,0292,931 Mexico
300300300300211160 Sudan
757283646961 Taiwan
400299617267472399 Others
6,0255,6879,0595,6695,3465,248 Subtotal
285411-221113150115 Unaccounted
031201 United States
6,3106,1018,8395,7845,4965,364 World Total
TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDAOffice of Global Analysis
February 2010
World Sorghum Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons
2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10
Feb
none
Production
3,3001,6602,9372,8002,3302,900 Argentina
1,8502,6713,7901,2831,9292,011 Australia
1,9001,9102,0001,5001,5432,051 Brazil
1,8001,8001,5071,5161,5531,134 Burkina
1,7001,8001,9202,1832,5462,328 China
900900900900900900 Egypt
2,6002,6192,6592,3162,1741,716 Ethiopia
623515525542489499 EU-27
6,0007,3107,9307,1507,6307,240 India
925900901770629664 Mali
6,4006,3006,2005,8105,5005,890 Mexico
9001,000930800750500 Niger
11,50011,00010,00010,50010,50010,000 Nigeria
4,7004,7004,5005,2004,2752,700 Sudan
900900900850890820 Tanzania
6,6236,5606,0546,3175,9685,935 Others
52,62152,54553,65350,43749,60647,288 Subtotal
9,72811,99812,6367,0329,97611,522 United States
62,34964,54366,28957,46959,58258,810 World Total
none
Total Consumption
1,7007001,7001,7002,3002,600 Argentina
1,2051,6052,2051,2051,8951,755 Australia
1,8001,9001,8001,3751,5752,100 Brazil
1,8001,8001,5071,5161,5531,134 Burkina
1,8502,0002,0002,0502,3002,300 China
900950900900900900 Egypt
2,8002,7002,6002,3002,1001,716 Ethiopia
6,1007,2007,9007,1007,5007,200 India
1,6001,6001,1001,3501,4001,400 Japan
925900901770629669 Mali
9,2008,6007,2008,1008,6009,300 Mexico
9501,0501,025825750550 Niger
11,45010,9509,95010,45010,4509,950 Nigeria
5,0005,0005,0005,0004,2503,500 Sudan
900895900850890820 Tanzania
8,3418,35613,4868,1507,3016,756 Others
56,51256,36060,22554,26554,43652,791 Subtotal
6,0968,3085,0814,0124,8186,254 United States
62,60864,66865,30658,27759,25459,045 World Total
none
Ending Stocks
65656195180161328 Argentina
3026577911623114 Australia
232232220124113133 Brazil
234419637928935706 China
469569373217553624 Mexico
200200200200200200 Nigeria
592692697997547313 Sudan
8101,005892886970978 Others
3,4953,8304,0053,5483,5023,396 Subtotal
1,4661,3901,3408141,6681,446 United States
4,9615,2205,3454,3625,1704,842 World Total
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDAOffice of Global Analysis
February 2010
Regional Sorghum Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Thousand Metric Tons
2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09
Feb
2009/10
TY Imports none
2,932 North America 3,029 1,956 1,157 2,499 2,700
158 South America 76 284 432 666 655
218 European Union 77 1,474 5,267 66 150
0 Other Europe 0 0 142 0 25
34 Middle East 47 79 156 80 80
0 North Africa 39 0 11 45 30
442 Sub-Saharan Africa 586 517 663 597 655
1,450 East Asia 1,485 1,349 1,196 1,719 1,705
7 Southeast Asia 7 9 31 14 25
8 Others 0 3 5 4 0
5,249 Total 5,346 5,671 9,060 5,690 6,025
Production none
17,412 North America 15,476 12,842 18,836 18,298 16,128
336 Central America 324 329 381 292 321
128 Caribbean 128 128 128 128 128
5,874 South America 4,794 5,122 5,661 4,625 6,256
499 European Union 489 542 525 515 623
568 Middle East 494 671 695 675 675
915 North Africa 915 915 915 915 915
21,207 Sub-Saharan Africa 24,601 26,088 25,280 27,089 27,528
2,341 East Asia 2,554 2,191 1,940 1,820 1,720
7,426 South Asia 7,783 7,305 8,081 7,455 6,145
93 Southeast Asia 95 53 57 60 60
2,011 Oceania 1,929 1,283 3,790 2,671 1,850
0 Others 0 0 0 0 0
58,810 Total 59,582 57,469 66,289 64,543 62,349
Domestic Consumption none
15,554 North America 13,418 12,112 12,281 16,908 15,296
355 Central America 333 328 369 308 318
128 Caribbean 128 128 128 128 128
5,684 South America 4,866 4,159 4,719 4,291 5,217
505 European Union 680 1,280 6,305 905 705
576 Middle East 558 752 855 754 750
915 North Africa 954 915 924 965 950
22,181 Sub-Saharan Africa 24,846 25,984 25,991 27,534 28,158
3,786 East Asia 3,784 3,475 3,222 3,699 3,560
7,387 South Asia 7,653 7,258 8,053 7,349 6,245
78 Southeast Asia 96 57 61 68 60
1,755 Oceania 1,895 1,205 2,205 1,605 1,205
0 Others 0 0 142 0 25
58,904 Total 59,211 57,653 65,255 64,514 62,617
Ending Stocks none
2,070 North America 2,221 1,031 1,713 1,959 1,935
22 Central America 17 18 31 14 17
565 South America 378 393 491 397 976
241 European Union 100 14 71 32 45
38 Middle East 20 19 14 16 21
39 North Africa 39 39 41 29 29
758 Sub-Saharan Africa 1,030 1,541 1,277 1,331 1,161
892 East Asia 1,121 1,042 733 541 356
80 South Asia 206 247 183 243 118
114 Oceania 23 16 791 657 302
23 Others 15 2 0 1 1
4,842 Total 5,170 4,362 5,345 5,220 4,961
NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are reported
using local marketing years.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDAOffice of Global Analysis
February 2010
World Oats Trade
October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons
2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10
Feb
none
TY Exports
551212 Argentina
15016117441191137 Australia
1,7001,7892,3211,9211,7541,374 Canada
253117412729 Chile
150103133119234356 EU-27
5510955 Kazakhstan
56214017 Ukraine
0514824 Others
2,0402,1052,6912,1452,2141,924 Subtotal
403853334031 United States
2,0802,1432,7442,1782,2541,955 World Total
none
TY Imports
551952 Algeria
553476 Bosnia and Herzegovina
151417182116 Canada
20391391813 China
252514182626 Colombia
551514130 Ecuador
542521 EU-27
604668625967 Japan
10082131618153 Mexico
555511 Morocco
50104759512 Norway
252518131842 South Africa
505256515643 Switzerland
55123013 Turkey
038719 Others
375325410338359294 Subtotal
1053190466432 Unaccounted
1,6001,7872,2441,7941,8311,629 United States
2,0802,1432,7442,1782,2541,955 World Total
TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDAOffice of Global Analysis
February 2010
World Oats Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons
2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10
Feb
none
Production
1408080808080 Algeria
500290470400350508 Argentina
1,2601,2051,5027481,6901,283 Australia
800900600550600770 Belarus
475475475475517433 Brazil
2,8004,2734,6963,8523,2833,467 Canada
310344384380420425 Chile
600600600600600600 China
8,6078,8658,6347,7687,9689,146 EU-27
160160160140140140 Kazakhstan
148148124152127103 Mexico
245328276248279367 Norway
5,4005,8005,4004,9004,5504,950 Russia
210200200210270270 Turkey
7309505507008001,000 Ukraine
475457457483466462 Others
22,86025,07524,60821,68622,14024,004 Subtotal
1,3511,2941,3131,3571,6671,679 United States
24,21126,36925,92123,04323,80725,683 World Total
none
Total Consumption
1458586888480 Algeria
500300455400350500 Argentina
1,1001,0851,3357101,4801,175 Australia
800900575550625700 Belarus
475475475475515425 Brazil
1,5501,7701,9332,2831,9661,978 Canada
285315350350400400 Chile
625625615615620610 China
8,4008,5008,6507,6477,8688,719 EU-27
150155150135135135 Kazakhstan
250210235245175185 Mexico
300328336303334368 Norway
5,6005,4005,4004,9004,6004,900 Russia
215205213211270292 Turkey
750900550675825975 Ukraine
648615630651649641 Others
21,86221,87422,31220,16420,93622,102 Subtotal
3,1612,9683,1613,1793,2873,297 United States
25,02324,84225,47323,34324,22325,399 World Total
none
Ending Stocks
798499848585 Argentina
155145175189185166 Australia
757575505075 Belarus
1,0921,527950556872974 Canada
10811399101107109 China
964902625795769906 EU-27
384584184186190242 Russia
187209157190164203 Others
3,0443,6392,3642,1512,4222,760 Subtotal
1,0041,221969734763841 United States
4,0484,8603,3332,8853,1853,601 World Total
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDAOffice of Global Analysis
February 2010
Regional Oats Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Thousand Metric Tons
2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09
Feb
2009/10
TY Imports none
1,698 North America 1,933 1,873 2,392 1,883 1,715
28 South America 40 33 30 33 30
1 European Union 2 5 2 4 5
51 Other Europe 114 114 108 67 105
7 Former Soviet Union - 12 0 6 5 0 0
13 Middle East 0 3 12 5 5
3 North Africa 6 14 6 10 10
42 Sub-Saharan Africa 18 13 18 25 25
80 East Asia 77 71 81 85 80
0 Oceania 0 0 0 0 0
1,923 Total 2,190 2,132 2,654 2,112 1,975
Production none
5,249 North America 5,077 5,361 6,133 5,715 4,299
1,397 South America 1,316 1,303 1,352 1,132 1,326
9,146 European Union 7,968 7,768 8,634 8,865 8,607
636 Other Europe 556 525 553 605 522
6,870 Former Soviet Union - 12 6,098 6,296 6,715 7,815 7,095
270 Middle East 270 210 200 200 210
110 North Africa 110 110 110 110 170
45 Sub-Saharan Africa 45 45 45 45 45
602 East Asia 602 602 602 602 602
1,358 Oceania 1,765 823 1,577 1,280 1,335
25,683 Total 23,807 23,043 25,921 26,369 24,211
Domestic Consumption none
5,460 North America 5,428 5,707 5,329 4,948 4,961
1,382 South America 1,333 1,303 1,330 1,143 1,331
8,719 European Union 7,868 7,647 8,650 8,500 8,400
687 Other Europe 666 635 676 655 632
6,720 Former Soviet Union - 12 6,193 6,266 6,680 7,360 7,305
292 Middle East 270 211 213 205 215
110 North Africa 115 123 121 120 180
80 Sub-Saharan Africa 75 60 55 70 70
680 East Asia 680 680 685 675 685
1,250 Oceania 1,555 785 1,410 1,160 1,175
25,380 Total 24,183 23,417 25,149 24,836 24,954
Ending Stocks none
1,821 North America 1,644 1,298 1,927 2,755 2,101
120 South America 119 119 127 110 108
906 European Union 769 795 625 902 964
45 Other Europe 40 45 38 51 46
403 Former Soviet Union - 12 301 321 317 761 541
0 Middle East 0 0 0 0 0
1 North Africa 1 1 1 1 1
26 Sub-Saharan Africa 14 12 20 20 20
113 East Asia 112 105 103 115 112
166 Oceania 185 189 175 145 155
3,601 Total 3,185 2,885 3,333 4,860 4,048
NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are reported
using local marketing years.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDAOffice of Global Analysis
February 2010
World Rye Trade
October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons
2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10
Feb
none
TY Exports
505075505050 Belarus
12575167207141123 Canada
12511459313381677 EU-27
5014866400 Russia
1060049122 Ukraine
003000 Others
360259390634621972 Subtotal
1068212 United States
370265398636622974 World Total
none
TY Imports
500000 Canada
258883626 EU-27
2515771102111 Israel
1005783258279261 Japan
576878 Korea, South
2020416413 Norway
544492 Switzerland
1051618261 Turkey
0021872189 Others
195116210429477651 Subtotal
5041367115149 Unaccounted
125108152136130174 United States
370265398636622974 World Total
TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDAOffice of Global Analysis
February 2010
World Rye Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons
2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10
Feb
none
Production
555577555589 Argentina
1,7001,6001,3001,2001,1501,400 Belarus
280316252383330398 Canada
9,5039,2347,6796,5417,68810,031 EU-27
4,3004,5003,9003,0003,6002,850 Russia
270250265271270270 Turkey
9501,0505506001,0501,600 Ukraine
177198190169186188 Others
17,23517,20314,21312,21914,32916,826 Subtotal
178203160183191210 United States
17,41317,40614,37312,40214,52017,036 World Total
none
Total Consumption
555577555589 Argentina
1,6001,5001,2001,2001,1001,250 Belarus
160147143243158174 Canada
9,4008,7007,3007,4008,62010,135 EU-27
956090258279261 Japan
505047505050 Kazakhstan
476847423955 Norway
4,3004,2503,7503,1003,6003,300 Russia
280255281276277329 Turkey
9509505508001,0501,300 Ukraine
135125121176238230 Others
17,12016,21413,67613,74415,45217,245 Subtotal
295292335337332344 United States
17,41516,50614,01114,08115,78417,589 World Total
none
Ending Stocks
314264214189239239 Belarus
12812835117185145 Canada
1,4451,4421,0136161,8743,156 EU-27
151013202020 Japan
247297633212677 Russia
1491596565267336 Ukraine
000011 Others
2,2982,3001,4031,0392,7123,974 Subtotal
131310121820 United States
2,3112,3131,4131,0512,7303,994 World Total
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDAOffice of Global Analysis
February 2010
Regional Rye Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Thousand Metric Tons
2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09
Feb
2009/10
TY Imports none
174 North America 130 136 152 108 130
0 South America 0 0 0 0 0
6 European Union 2 36 88 8 25
17 Other Europe 14 22 10 24 25
187 Former Soviet Union - 12 71 16 0 0 0
172 Middle East 104 89 23 20 35
0 Sub-Saharan Africa 0 0 0 0 0
269 East Asia 286 266 89 64 105
0 Oceania 0 0 0 0 0
825 Total 607 565 362 224 320
Production none
608 North America 521 566 412 519 458
94 South America 64 61 83 61 61
10,031 European Union 7,688 6,541 7,679 9,234 9,503
110 Other Europe 104 90 111 119 98
5,900 Former Soviet Union - 12 5,850 4,850 5,800 7,200 7,000
270 Middle East 270 271 265 250 270
3 Sub-Saharan Africa 3 3 3 3 3
0 East Asia 0 0 0 0 0
20 Oceania 20 20 20 20 20
17,036 Total 14,520 12,402 14,373 17,406 17,413
Domestic Consumption none
518 North America 490 580 478 439 455
94 South America 64 61 83 61 61
10,135 European Union 8,620 7,400 7,300 8,700 9,400
128 Other Europe 121 110 126 142 123
5,910 Former Soviet Union - 12 5,815 5,150 5,547 6,750 6,900
440 Middle East 379 347 288 270 305
3 Sub-Saharan Africa 3 3 3 3 3
269 East Asia 286 266 96 67 100
20 Oceania 20 20 20 20 20
17,517 Total 15,798 13,937 13,941 16,452 17,367
Ending Stocks none
165 North America 203 129 45 141 141
0 South America 0 0 0 0 0
3,156 European Union 1,874 616 1,013 1,442 1,445
1 Other Europe 1 0 0 0 0
652 Former Soviet Union - 12 632 286 342 720 710
0 Middle East 0 0 0 0 0
0 Sub-Saharan Africa 0 0 0 0 0
20 East Asia 20 20 13 10 15
0 Oceania 0 0 0 0 0
3,994 Total 2,730 1,051 1,413 2,313 2,311
NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are reported
using local marketing years.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDAOffice of Global Analysis
February 2010
Grain: World Markets and Trade, February 2010
31
HISTORICAL DATA SERIES FOR SELECTED REGIONS AND COUNTRIES
CONTENTS
European Union: Grain Supply and Demand ............................................... 32 China: Grain Supply and Demand ................................................................ 33 Other Europe: Grain Supply and Demand .................................................... 34 Former Soviet Union: Grain Supply and Demand........................................ 35 Wheat Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters ................................ 39 Corn Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters................................... 41 Barley Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters ................................ 43 Sorghum Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters............................ 44
U.S. Grains: Supply and Distribution ........................................................... 45 Total Wheat and Coarse Grains: Supply and Demand ................................. 46 World Wheat and Coarse Grains: Supply and Demand ............................... 47 World Corn and Barley: Supply and Demand .............................................. 48 World Rice: Supply and Demand ................................................................. 49
DG F/SA &F
European Union: Grain Supply and Demand
Wheat and Coarse Grains Millions of Metric Tons/Hectares
Area
Harvested
Yield Production Imports Exports Feed Dom.
Consumpti
Domestic
Consumpti
Ending
Stocks
Wheat
122.4 113.252.820.44.05.024.6 1999/00 16.3
131.7 118.456.315.73.55.026.5 2000/01 17.5
123.4 118.556.512.88.74.825.9 2001/02 18.3
132.6 125.060.018.110.75.026.4 2002/03 18.5
110.6 115.152.49.87.44.524.3 2003/04 11.5
146.9 123.259.214.77.15.726.0 2004/05 27.5
132.4 127.563.015.76.85.125.8 2005/06 23.4
124.9 125.560.213.85.15.124.5 2006/07 14.1
120.1 116.552.412.36.94.924.7 2007/08 12.3
151.1 127.561.025.37.75.726.7 2008/09 18.3
138.2 127.059.019.06.55.425.5 2009/10 17.1
Coarse Grains
147.9 140.1105.813.42.94.433.6 1999/00 22.9
139.9 139.3105.19.34.14.233.0 2000/01 18.3
150.2 143.6107.86.73.94.533.6 2001/02 22.3
148.3 144.9109.37.64.44.532.7 2002/03 22.5
131.7 145.2109.64.28.24.032.7 2003/04 13.0
166.6 152.6116.54.93.05.033.5 2004/05 25.1
146.3 147.5109.44.42.84.532.6 2005/06 22.3
137.4 147.9110.34.78.04.331.8 2006/07 15.1
136.1 154.2118.94.620.34.232.0 2007/08 12.8
161.6 152.1113.95.63.44.833.5 2008/09 20.1
152.6 153.2114.13.32.84.732.5 2009/10 19.0
Wheat and Coarse Grains
270.4 253.4158.633.86.84.658.2 1999/00 39.2
271.6 257.7161.524.97.64.659.5 2000/01 35.8
273.6 262.0164.319.412.74.659.5 2001/02 40.6
280.9 269.9169.325.715.04.759.2 2002/03 41.0
242.3 260.3162.114.015.64.357.0 2003/04 24.5
313.5 275.8175.719.610.15.359.5 2004/05 52.6
278.6 275.1172.420.19.54.858.4 2005/06 45.7
262.3 273.4170.518.513.14.756.3 2006/07 29.2
256.3 270.7171.316.927.24.556.7 2007/08 25.1
312.7 279.6174.930.911.25.260.1 2008/09 38.4
290.8 280.2173.122.39.35.058.0 2009/10 36.0
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDAOffice of Global Analysis
February 2010
China: Grain Supply and Demand
Wheat and Coarse Grains Millions of Metric Tons/Hectares
Area
Harvested
Yield Production Imports Exports Feed Dom.
Consumpti
Domestic
Consumpti
Ending
Stocks
Wheat
109.7 108.35.00.50.83.729.8 1998/99 97.9
113.9 109.36.50.51.03.928.9 1999/00 102.9
99.6 110.310.00.60.23.726.7 2000/01 91.9
93.9 108.79.01.51.13.824.6 2001/02 76.6
90.3 105.26.51.70.43.823.9 2002/03 60.4
86.5 104.56.02.83.73.922.0 2003/04 43.3
92.0 102.04.01.26.74.321.6 2004/05 38.8
97.4 101.53.51.41.04.322.8 2005/06 34.4
108.5 102.04.02.80.44.623.6 2006/07 38.5
109.3 106.08.02.80.14.623.7 2007/08 39.0
112.5 102.55.00.70.54.823.6 2008/09 48.7
114.5 102.05.01.00.64.824.0 2009/10 60.8
Coarse Grains
143.5 127.391.43.42.64.929.1 1998/99 123.4
137.2 128.892.710.02.34.629.6 1999/00 124.2
114.0 130.494.47.32.44.326.5 2000/01 102.8
122.2 132.996.28.62.04.427.5 2001/02 85.6
130.7 136.398.415.31.84.728.0 2002/03 66.5
124.0 138.399.17.71.54.627.1 2003/04 45.9
138.3 141.1100.37.62.14.928.2 2004/05 37.6
147.7 147.1103.23.82.35.129.1 2005/06 36.7
159.1 153.5105.05.51.25.131.4 2006/07 38.0
159.1 157.0105.80.91.24.932.2 2007/08 40.4
172.7 160.4110.80.21.75.332.5 2008/09 54.1
162.0 167.6116.70.61.65.032.6 2009/10 49.6
Wheat and Coarse Grains
253.2 235.696.43.93.44.358.8 1998/99 221.3
251.1 238.199.210.53.44.358.4 1999/00 227.1
213.6 240.7104.47.92.64.053.1 2000/01 194.7
216.1 241.6105.210.13.14.152.1 2001/02 162.1
221.0 241.5104.917.12.24.351.9 2002/03 126.8
210.4 242.8105.110.55.34.349.1 2003/04 89.2
230.2 243.1104.38.88.84.649.8 2004/05 76.4
245.1 248.6106.75.23.34.751.9 2005/06 71.1
267.6 255.5109.08.21.54.955.0 2006/07 76.5
268.4 263.0113.83.71.24.855.9 2007/08 79.4
285.2 262.9115.80.92.15.156.2 2008/09 102.8
276.5 269.6121.71.62.24.956.6 2009/10 110.4
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDAOffice of Global Analysis
February 2010
Other Europe: Grain Supply and Demand
Wheat and Coarse Grains Millions of Metric Tons/Hectares
Area
Harvested
Yield Production Imports Exports Feed Dom.
Consumpti
Domestic
Consumpti
Ending
Stocks
Wheat
6.0 6.60.60.11.03.91.6 1998/99 1.5
4.2 5.70.70.11.53.31.3 1999/00 1.3
4.6 5.50.70.31.23.31.4 2000/01 1.4
4.9 5.90.90.61.83.41.4 2001/02 1.5
4.9 5.70.90.61.43.51.4 2002/03 1.4
3.9 5.50.70.11.53.11.2 2003/04 1.2
5.4 6.01.00.31.54.01.4 2004/05 1.8
4.2 5.90.90.21.53.71.1 2005/06 1.3
4.3 5.50.70.61.53.61.2 2006/07 1.1
4.4 5.60.80.81.93.71.2 2007/08 1.0
4.7 5.50.80.41.74.11.1 2008/09 1.4
4.5 5.80.90.51.73.61.2 2009/10 1.2
Coarse Grains
11.2 11.610.20.30.43.92.8 1998/99 0.9
12.2 12.511.20.30.64.42.8 1999/00 0.9
8.1 9.07.70.01.03.12.6 2000/01 1.0
10.9 11.19.80.20.84.12.7 2001/02 1.4
11.7 11.49.90.60.64.42.7 2002/03 1.8
9.2 10.89.50.10.83.52.7 2003/04 1.1
12.8 12.210.80.60.64.82.7 2004/05 1.6
12.7 12.010.71.40.74.82.7 2005/06 1.5
11.6 11.510.20.90.94.62.5 2006/07 1.5
9.4 10.59.20.11.03.62.6 2007/08 1.3
12.3 10.69.21.90.84.62.7 2008/09 1.8
11.7 10.89.42.10.94.72.5 2009/10 1.6
Wheat and Coarse Grains
17.2 18.210.80.41.43.94.4 1998/99 2.4
16.4 18.211.90.32.14.14.0 1999/00 2.3
12.7 14.58.40.32.23.24.0 2000/01 2.3
15.8 17.010.70.82.63.94.1 2001/02 2.9
16.6 17.010.81.22.04.14.1 2002/03 3.3
13.1 16.310.20.22.33.43.9 2003/04 2.2
18.2 18.211.80.92.04.54.0 2004/05 3.4
16.9 18.011.61.62.14.43.8 2005/06 2.8
15.9 17.010.91.52.44.33.7 2006/07 2.6
13.8 16.110.00.92.93.63.8 2007/08 2.3
17.0 16.110.02.32.44.43.8 2008/09 3.3
16.2 16.610.32.62.64.43.7 2009/10 2.8
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDAOffice of Global Analysis
February 2010
Former Soviet Union: Grain Supply and Demand
Wheat and Coarse Grains Millions of Metric Tons/Hectares
Area
Harvested
Yield Production Imports Exports Feed Dom.
Consumpti
Domestic
Consumpti
Ending
Stocks
Wheat
60.5 65.317.67.97.11.540.3 2003/04 10.6
85.6 72.221.116.14.91.846.5 2004/05 12.7
91.1 75.023.521.05.51.849.3 2005/06 13.3
84.9 72.621.622.36.01.945.8 2006/07 9.3
92.5 75.023.522.26.01.947.5 2007/08 10.6
115.6 76.624.937.76.52.251.6 2008/09 18.5
113.7 79.526.535.05.52.154.9 2009/10 23.2
Coarse Grains
55.4 56.839.36.11.51.831.2 2003/04 6.0
63.0 54.638.18.11.12.031.1 2004/05 7.4
55.3 50.134.18.61.12.028.3 2005/06 5.1
58.7 51.335.58.51.02.029.8 2006/07 5.1
53.9 50.434.85.31.01.829.2 2007/08 4.3
78.1 57.440.617.00.62.630.5 2008/09 8.5
67.4 55.839.314.10.52.329.7 2009/10 6.6
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDAOffice of Global Analysis
February 2010
Millions of Tons/Hectares
Former Soviet Union: Grain Supply and Demand (Wheat)
Area
Harvested
Ending
Stocks
Total
Consumpti
Feed and
Residual
MY
Exports
MY
Imports
ProductionYieldCountry Mktg Year
Former Soviet Union - 12
Kazakhstan
13.5 7.52.78.10.01.112.4 2006/07 1.7
16.5 7.52.78.20.01.312.9 2007/08 2.5
12.6 7.52.75.70.10.913.5 2008/09 1.9
17.0 7.62.77.50.11.214.7 2009/10 3.9
Russia
44.9 36.414.110.60.91.923.6 2006/07 2.2
49.4 37.715.112.60.42.024.4 2007/08 1.8
63.7 38.916.218.40.22.426.7 2008/09 8.4
61.7 41.218.018.00.22.128.7 2009/10 11.1
Ukraine
14.0 11.72.13.40.12.55.5 2006/07 1.4
13.9 12.33.01.20.32.36.0 2007/08 2.1
25.9 11.92.913.00.13.77.1 2008/09 3.1
20.9 12.12.89.00.13.16.8 2009/10 3.0
Uzbekistan
5.9 6.51.10.21.14.51.3 2006/07 1.2
6.2 6.81.20.21.04.81.3 2007/08 1.4
6.0 7.11.30.21.44.41.4 2008/09 1.6
6.2 7.31.30.21.44.41.4 2009/10 1.7
Other Former Soviet Union - 12
6.7 10.51.60.13.92.23.0 2006/07 2.8
6.6 10.71.60.04.22.23.0 2007/08 2.9
7.4 11.21.80.34.72.43.1 2008/09 3.5
7.9 11.41.80.33.82.43.3 2009/10 3.4
Total Former Soviet Union - 12
84.9 72.621.622.36.01.945.8 2006/07 9.3
92.5 75.023.522.26.01.947.5 2007/08 10.6
115.6 76.624.937.76.52.251.6 2008/09 18.5
113.7 79.526.535.05.52.154.9 2009/10 23.2
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDAOffice of Global Analysis
February 2010
Millions of Tons/Hectares
Former Soviet Union: Grain Supply and Demand (Barley)
Area
Harvested
Ending
Stocks
Total
Consumpti
Feed and
Residual
MY
Exports
MY
Imports
ProductionYieldCountry Mktg Year
Former Soviet Union - 12
Kazakhstan
1.9 1.41.10.60.11.11.8 2006/07 0.2
2.5 1.71.40.80.01.41.8 2007/08 0.3
1.8 1.61.30.30.10.92.1 2008/09 0.3
2.6 1.81.50.50.01.32.0 2009/10 0.6
Russia
18.1 16.411.81.50.21.810.0 2006/07 1.3
15.7 15.110.51.00.21.69.6 2007/08 1.0
23.1 17.112.33.40.12.49.6 2008/09 3.6
17.9 17.112.42.20.12.09.1 2009/10 2.3
Ukraine
11.4 6.34.65.10.02.25.2 2006/07 0.8
6.0 4.93.31.00.01.54.1 2007/08 0.8
12.6 6.04.36.40.03.04.2 2008/09 1.1
11.8 6.14.46.00.02.45.0 2009/10 0.8
Uzbekistan
0.2 0.30.20.00.03.20.1 2006/07 0.0
0.2 0.30.20.00.03.20.1 2007/08 0.0
0.2 0.30.20.00.03.20.1 2008/09 0.0
0.2 0.30.20.00.03.20.1 2009/10 0.0
Other Former Soviet Union - 12
2.4 2.61.80.00.12.11.1 2006/07 0.5
2.7 2.92.00.00.12.11.3 2007/08 0.4
3.1 3.22.40.00.12.71.2 2008/09 0.4
3.0 3.02.10.00.12.61.1 2009/10 0.5
Total Former Soviet Union - 12
34.0 26.919.57.30.51.918.1 2006/07 2.7
27.1 24.817.42.90.41.616.8 2007/08 2.5
40.9 28.120.510.10.22.417.1 2008/09 5.4
35.5 28.220.68.70.22.117.3 2009/10 4.1
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDAOffice of Global Analysis
February 2010
Millions of Tons/Hectares
Former Soviet Union: Grain Supply and Demand (Corn)
Area
Harvested
Ending
Stocks
Total
Consumpti
Feed and
Residual
MY
Exports
MY
Imports
ProductionYieldCountry Mktg Year
Former Soviet Union - 12
Kazakhstan
0.3 0.30.20.00.03.20.1 2006/07 0.0
0.3 0.30.20.00.03.10.1 2007/08 0.0
0.3 0.30.20.00.03.10.1 2008/09 0.0
0.3 0.30.20.00.03.10.1 2009/10 0.0
Russia
3.6 3.63.10.10.13.61.0 2006/07 0.2
4.0 4.33.70.00.33.01.3 2007/08 0.2
6.6 5.24.51.30.14.01.7 2008/09 0.3
4.0 4.23.70.20.32.91.4 2009/10 0.1
Ukraine
6.4 5.34.51.00.03.81.7 2006/07 1.1
7.4 5.85.02.10.03.91.9 2007/08 0.7
11.4 5.74.95.50.04.82.4 2008/09 0.9
10.5 5.74.95.00.05.02.1 2009/10 0.8
Uzbekistan
0.2 0.20.20.00.04.60.0 2006/07 0.0
0.2 0.20.10.00.04.60.0 2007/08 0.0
0.2 0.20.10.00.04.60.0 2008/09 0.0
0.2 0.20.10.00.04.60.0 2009/10 0.0
Other Former Soviet Union - 12
2.4 2.82.60.00.43.40.7 2006/07 0.5
2.0 2.52.20.00.22.60.8 2007/08 0.3
2.9 3.02.70.00.23.60.8 2008/09 0.4
2.5 2.72.40.10.13.60.7 2009/10 0.3
Total Former Soviet Union - 12
12.8 12.110.51.10.53.63.5 2006/07 1.8
13.8 12.911.22.10.63.44.1 2007/08 1.1
21.3 14.312.46.90.34.35.0 2008/09 1.7
17.4 12.911.35.30.44.14.3 2009/10 1.2
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDAOffice of Global Analysis
February 2010
Million Metric Tons/Hectares
Wheat Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters
Area
Harvested
Ending
Stocks
Total
Consumpti
Feed and
Residual
MY
Exports
MY
Imports
ProductionYieldCountry Mktg Year
Wheat Competitors
Argentina
15.5 4.90.110.10.02.36.8 2001/02 1.1
12.3 5.20.16.80.02.15.9 2002/03 1.5
14.5 5.20.19.40.02.55.7 2003/04 1.4
16.1 5.00.111.70.02.66.1 2004/05 0.7
14.6 5.00.19.50.02.95.0 2005/06 0.9
16.1 4.90.110.70.03.05.3 2006/07 1.4
18.0 5.10.111.20.03.06.0 2007/08 3.1
9.0 5.00.16.70.02.04.6 2008/09 0.4
9.0 5.00.13.50.03.03.0 2009/10 1.0
Australia
24.3 5.42.716.40.12.111.6 2001/02 8.0
10.1 6.13.49.10.30.911.1 2002/03 3.2
26.1 6.03.218.00.12.013.1 2003/04 5.4
21.9 6.03.214.70.11.613.4 2004/05 6.7
25.2 6.63.716.00.12.012.5 2005/06 9.4
10.8 7.64.78.70.10.911.8 2006/07 4.0
13.6 6.53.57.50.11.112.6 2007/08 3.7
20.9 6.93.814.70.11.613.2 2008/09 3.1
22.5 7.14.015.00.11.613.8 2009/10 3.6
Canada
20.6 7.73.616.30.31.910.6 2001/02 6.5
16.2 8.03.79.40.41.88.8 2002/03 5.7
23.0 7.23.115.80.22.310.2 2003/04 6.0
24.8 8.23.814.90.32.69.4 2004/05 7.9
25.7 8.23.816.00.32.79.4 2005/06 9.7
25.3 9.04.519.40.32.69.7 2006/07 6.9
20.1 6.82.216.10.42.38.6 2007/08 4.4
28.6 8.03.218.80.42.910.0 2008/09 6.6
26.5 8.13.218.50.42.89.5 2009/10 6.9
Total Wheat Competitors
60.4 18.16.442.80.42.129.0 2001/02 15.7
38.6 19.37.225.30.71.525.8 2002/03 10.4
63.7 18.46.443.30.32.229.0 2003/04 12.8
62.8 19.37.141.30.32.228.9 2004/05 15.3
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDAOffice of Global Analysis
February 2010
Million Metric Tons/Hectares
Wheat Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters (Continued)
Area
Harvested
Ending
Stocks
Total
Consumpti
Feed and
Residual
MY
Exports
MY
Imports
ProductionYieldCountry Mktg Year
65.5 19.87.641.50.42.426.9 2005/06 19.9
52.2 21.59.238.90.41.926.8 2006/07 12.2
51.6 18.45.734.80.51.927.2 2007/08 11.1
58.6 19.97.040.20.52.127.7 2008/09 10.1
58.0 20.27.337.00.52.226.3 2009/10 11.5
India
69.7 65.10.53.10.02.725.7 2001/02 23.0
71.8 74.30.64.90.02.825.9 2002/03 15.7
65.1 68.30.65.70.02.624.9 2003/04 6.9
72.2 72.80.52.10.02.726.6 2004/05 4.1
68.6 70.00.30.80.02.626.5 2005/06 2.0
69.4 73.40.30.26.72.626.4 2006/07 4.5
75.8 76.40.20.12.02.728.0 2007/08 5.8
78.6 70.80.10.10.02.828.2 2008/09 13.5
80.6 76.10.10.10.12.927.8 2009/10 18.0
Turkey
15.5 16.51.10.81.01.88.5 2001/02 1.0
16.8 16.81.00.81.22.08.6 2002/03 1.4
16.8 16.81.00.81.12.08.6 2003/04 1.7
18.5 16.81.02.00.42.28.6 2004/05 1.8
18.5 16.10.43.20.12.28.6 2005/06 1.1
17.5 16.70.82.41.72.08.6 2006/07 1.3
15.5 16.80.81.72.21.88.6 2007/08 0.4
16.8 16.90.72.23.52.08.6 2008/09 1.6
17.8 17.40.82.62.52.18.7 2009/10 1.9
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDAOffice of Global Analysis
February 2010
Million Metric Tons/Hectares
Corn Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters
Area
Harvested
Ending
Stocks
Total
Consumpti
Feed and
Residual
MY
Exports
MY
Imports
ProductionYieldCountry Mktg Year
Argentina
14.7 4.22.710.90.06.02.5 2001/02 0.3
15.5 4.12.511.20.06.32.5 2002/03 0.5
15.0 4.42.810.90.06.52.3 2003/04 0.2
20.5 5.23.514.60.07.42.8 2004/05 1.0
15.8 6.24.49.50.16.52.4 2005/06 1.2
22.5 6.74.815.30.08.02.8 2006/07 1.7
22.0 7.05.114.80.16.53.4 2007/08 2.0
12.6 5.03.19.50.15.62.3 2008/09 0.2
17.2 7.15.29.50.08.02.2 2009/10 0.8
China
114.1 123.194.08.60.04.724.3 2001/02 84.8
121.3 125.996.015.20.04.924.6 2002/03 65.0
115.8 128.497.07.60.04.824.1 2003/04 44.9
130.3 131.098.07.60.05.125.4 2004/05 36.6
139.4 137.0101.03.70.15.326.4 2005/06 35.3
151.6 145.0104.05.30.05.328.5 2006/07 36.6
152.3 149.0105.00.50.05.229.5 2007/08 39.4
165.9 152.0110.00.20.05.629.9 2008/09 53.2
155.0 159.0116.00.50.15.230.0 2009/10 48.8
South Africa
10.1 8.43.91.10.92.83.5 2001/02 1.9
9.7 8.54.01.10.42.73.7 2002/03 2.4
9.7 8.74.10.70.22.93.3 2003/04 3.0
11.7 9.75.02.10.43.63.2 2004/05 3.2
6.9 8.24.00.50.93.42.0 2005/06 2.3
7.3 8.64.40.51.12.52.9 2006/07 1.7
13.2 9.64.32.20.04.03.3 2007/08 3.1
12.6 10.04.42.50.04.32.9 2008/09 3.2
11.5 10.24.51.50.03.73.1 2009/10 3.0
Brazil
35.5 35.029.52.10.43.011.8 2001/02 1.5
44.5 35.830.04.60.73.413.0 2002/03 6.3
42.0 36.330.54.40.43.412.4 2003/04 7.9
35.0 38.532.10.70.53.011.6 2004/05 4.2
41.7 39.533.04.51.13.212.9 2005/06 3.0
51.0 41.034.510.81.43.614.0 2006/07 3.6
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDAOffice of Global Analysis
February 2010
Million Metric Tons/Hectares
Corn Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters (Continued)
Area
Harvested
Ending
Stocks
Total
Consumpti
Feed and
Residual
MY
Exports
MY
Imports
ProductionYieldCountry Mktg Year
58.6 42.536.07.80.74.014.7 2007/08 12.6
51.0 44.537.07.01.23.614.1 2008/09 13.3
51.0 45.538.59.00.53.813.3 2009/10 10.3
Total Corn Competitors
174.3 170.7130.122.61.34.142.1 2001/02 88.6
191.0 174.3132.532.21.24.443.7 2002/03 74.2
182.5 177.8134.423.70.64.342.1 2003/04 55.9
197.5 184.4138.625.00.94.643.0 2004/05 44.9
203.8 190.9142.418.32.24.743.7 2005/06 41.7
232.4 201.3147.731.92.64.848.2 2006/07 43.5
246.1 208.1150.425.30.94.850.9 2007/08 57.0
242.1 211.5154.519.21.44.949.1 2008/09 69.8
234.7 221.8164.220.50.74.848.6 2009/10 62.9
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDAOffice of Global Analysis
February 2010
Million Metric Tons/Hectares
Barley Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters
Area
Harvested
Ending
Stocks
Total
Consumpti
Feed and
Residual
MY
Exports
MY
Imports
ProductionYieldCountry Mktg Year
Australia
8.3 2.81.84.70.02.23.7 2001/02 1.8
3.9 2.71.82.00.01.03.9 2002/03 0.9
10.4 3.12.26.40.02.34.5 2003/04 1.9
7.7 3.52.54.30.01.74.6 2004/05 1.9
9.5 3.52.55.30.02.24.4 2005/06 2.6
4.3 4.02.91.90.01.04.2 2006/07 1.0
7.2 3.12.13.40.01.54.9 2007/08 1.7
7.7 3.62.63.20.01.64.8 2008/09 2.5
8.3 4.13.03.80.01.84.5 2009/10 2.9
Canada
10.8 10.38.91.10.12.64.2 2001/02 2.0
7.5 7.96.50.40.22.23.3 2002/03 1.5
12.2 9.78.41.80.02.84.4 2003/04 2.1
12.6 10.18.81.20.13.33.8 2004/05 3.4
11.7 9.68.42.30.03.23.6 2005/06 3.3
9.6 10.28.81.20.03.03.2 2006/07 1.5
11.0 7.96.63.00.12.74.0 2007/08 1.6
11.8 9.17.71.50.03.43.5 2008/09 2.8
9.5 8.57.11.50.13.32.9 2009/10 2.5
EU-27
58.8 54.939.74.21.44.214.1 2001/02 10.0
58.2 55.439.35.21.14.214.0 2002/03 8.7
55.8 58.041.82.60.74.014.1 2003/04 4.5
64.1 54.638.63.30.34.713.7 2004/05 11.1
54.8 54.138.23.30.14.013.8 2005/06 8.5
56.2 55.738.73.50.24.113.8 2006/07 5.8
57.5 54.238.73.80.34.213.8 2007/08 5.7
65.5 57.541.53.60.34.514.6 2008/09 10.4
62.0 59.043.01.50.24.414.1 2009/10 12.0
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDAOffice of Global Analysis
February 2010
Million Metric Tons/Hectares
Sorghum Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters
Area
Harvested
Ending
Stocks
Total
Consumpti
Feed and
Residual
MY
Exports
MY
Imports
ProductionYieldCountry Mktg Year
Argentina
2.8 2.32.20.40.05.10.5 2001/02 0.5
2.8 2.32.10.60.05.10.6 2002/03 0.4
2.2 2.01.90.20.04.60.5 2003/04 0.4
2.9 2.62.40.40.05.00.6 2004/05 0.3
2.3 2.32.10.20.05.00.5 2005/06 0.2
2.8 1.71.51.10.04.50.6 2006/07 0.2
2.9 1.71.51.20.04.70.6 2007/08 0.2
1.7 0.70.61.10.03.70.5 2008/09 0.1
3.3 1.71.51.00.04.70.7 2009/10 0.7
Australia
2.0 1.71.70.40.02.50.8 2001/02 0.1
1.5 1.41.40.10.02.20.7 2002/03 0.1
2.0 1.41.40.60.02.70.7 2003/04 0.1
2.0 1.81.80.20.02.70.8 2004/05 0.1
1.9 1.91.90.10.02.50.8 2005/06 0.0
1.3 1.21.20.10.02.10.6 2006/07 0.0
3.8 2.22.20.80.04.00.9 2007/08 0.8
2.7 1.61.61.20.03.50.8 2008/09 0.7
1.9 1.21.21.00.02.90.6 2009/10 0.3
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDAOffice of Global Analysis
February 2010
U.S. Grains Supply and Distribution: Wheat, Corn, Sorghum, Barley, Oats, Rye, and Rice
Thousand Metric Tons/Hectares
Area
Harvested
Yield Rough
Production
Production Imports TY Imports Exports TY Exports Feed Dom.
Consumption
Domestic
Consumption
Ending
Stocks
Wheat
8,32328,61443434,32834,3633,0123,06555,821nr320,639 2007/08
17,86734,2917,02927,29527,6373,4603,45668,016nr322,541 2008/09
26,69032,1684,62722,50022,4533,2503,13060,314nr320,181 2009/10
Corn
41,255261,632150,20960,66361,913501509331,177nr935,014 2007/08
42,504259,053133,24547,90747,184337344307,142nr1031,796 2008/09
43,674282,334140,97650,00050,802300254334,052nr1032,225 2009/10
Sorghum
1,3405,0814,1886,6647,0301112,636nr52,749 2007/08
1,3908,3085,8953,6093,6433311,998nr42,942 2008/09
1,4666,0963,8103,8003,556009,728nr42,234 2009/10
Barley
1,4854,3246549019027126364,575nr31,417 2007/08
1,9325,1271,4491582885726325,230nr31,529 2008/09
2,5274,7891,0891001096005444,949nr41,260 2009/10
Oats
9693,1612,08153422,2442,1251,313nr2609 2007/08
1,2212,9681,88838491,7871,9751,294nr2567 2008/09
1,0043,1612,07340441,6001,6371,351nr2558 2009/10
Rye
103359986152179160nr2102 2007/08
132925668108100203nr2109 2008/09
13295581010125127178nr2102 2009/10
Rice, Milled
9424,078nr3,2733,3496517596,3448,99981,112 2007/08
9744,100nr3,1002,9937006106,5159,24181,204 2008/09
1,2714,171nr3,1503,2297356677,0309,97281,256 2009/10
Notes: Wheat Trade Year (TY) statistics are on July/June years. Barley, corn, sorghum, rye and oats Trade Year (TY) statistics
are on Oct/Sept years. Rice Trade Year (TY) statistics are for the subsequent calendar year; 'Imports' and 'Exports' columns
contain data on the local marketing year: wheat, barley, oats and rye are June/May; corn and sorghum are Sept/Aug; rice is
Aug/July.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDAOffice of Global Analysis
February 2010
Total Wheat and Coarse Grains: Supply and Demand
Millions of Metric Tons/Hectares
Area
Harvested
Yield Production TY Exports Feed Dom.
Consumpti
Domestic
Consumpti
Ending
Stocks
Wheat and Coarse Grains
1,159.3 255.21,179.2562.6200.62.0577.6 1980/81
1,204.0 281.01,178.3573.5196.92.0587.8 1981/82
1,248.0 332.11,197.1593.4189.62.2576.9 1982/83
1,162.5 278.51,216.1588.4193.22.1563.8 1983/84
1,315.0 340.01,253.5609.9203.62.3567.0 1984/85
1,328.5 420.61,247.9613.1165.22.3570.9 1985/86
1,348.0 469.21,299.4644.2174.72.4565.6 1986/87
1,285.3 422.61,329.7655.1202.22.4545.0 1987/88
1,218.0 338.61,302.0618.2203.32.2542.5 1988/89
1,327.4 319.91,346.2642.9208.92.4549.0 1989/90
1,417.3 368.01,369.2667.3190.12.6548.9 1990/91
1,355.5 358.81,364.7650.1207.52.5546.3 1991/92
1,431.3 397.61,389.7662.3205.22.6548.7 1992/93
1,355.8 364.51,388.9654.0188.22.5539.2 1993/94
1,392.1 360.91,395.6666.9200.12.6537.5 1994/95
1,338.0 318.51,380.4636.6187.52.5533.5 1995/96
1,490.2 365.81,442.9669.6198.42.7552.9 1996/97
1,491.4 412.31,444.8680.8190.32.8539.4 1997/98
1,481.6 445.41,448.5679.8198.72.8534.0 1998/99
1,464.7 441.91,467.7685.0214.32.8514.7 1999/00
1,446.4 418.51,469.8693.7205.12.8513.9 2000/01
1,479.1 401.61,496.0709.1208.52.9516.1 2001/02
1,442.5 337.31,506.8707.8209.92.8506.5 2002/03
1,469.6 273.61,533.4711.3206.32.8515.8 2003/04
1,640.5 328.91,585.2749.9215.03.2517.4 2004/05
1,598.7 312.11,615.5748.8222.33.1520.1 2005/06
1,581.9 266.31,627.7739.5230.23.1517.3 2006/07
1,688.3 281.61,673.0751.7245.23.1536.0 2007/08
1,784.3 353.61,712.3757.0252.43.3537.5 2008/09
1,772.9 375.41,751.1772.6235.13.3534.9 2009/10
Notes: Wheat and coarse grains trade data are on July June years through 1975/76. From 1976/77 to the
present, coarse grains data are on an Oct/Sept trade year.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDAOffice of Global Analysis
February 2010
World Wheat and Coarse Grains: Supply and Demand
Millions of Metric Tons/Hectares
Area
Harvested
Yield Production TY Exports Feed Dom.
Consumpti
Domestic
Consumpti
Ending
Stocks
Wheat
498.4 159.1530.6113.6114.12.3220.1 1987/88
495.0 134.7519.5104.0104.32.3217.9 1988/89
533.2 136.6531.3103.7103.92.4226.5 1989/90
588.6 171.2554.1130.1101.32.5231.6 1990/91
543.3 162.9551.6113.8111.42.4223.4 1991/92
562.4 176.7548.3110.9113.22.5222.7 1992/93
558.2 182.2552.7108.0101.72.5221.8 1993/94
522.7 163.1541.899.6101.52.4214.4 1994/95
537.1 155.6544.691.999.22.5219.1 1995/96
581.3 163.5573.496.7104.02.5230.3 1996/97
610.0 196.3577.2100.9104.52.7228.5 1997/98
590.2 207.8578.7103.6102.02.6225.4 1998/99
586.7 209.5585.098.9112.02.7215.7 1999/00
582.9 207.3585.1104.4102.32.7217.9 2000/01
583.1 203.2587.2107.6108.02.7215.2 2001/02
567.9 166.6604.4111.9107.12.6214.5 2002/03
554.1 132.0588.796.3103.72.6209.6 2003/04
625.7 150.2607.4105.4113.82.9217.3 2004/05
619.9 147.5622.7110.9113.82.8219.3 2005/06
595.7 127.6615.6105.9115.62.8212.2 2006/07
610.5 121.1617.096.3116.42.8218.0 2007/08
682.7 164.0639.8112.7142.53.0225.0 2008/09
677.4 195.9645.6111.5124.33.0225.8 2009/10
Coarse Grains
786.9 263.5799.2541.588.12.4324.9 1987/88
722.9 203.9782.5514.299.02.2324.6 1988/89
794.2 183.3814.9539.2105.02.5322.5 1989/90
828.7 196.8815.2537.388.92.6317.3 1990/91
812.2 195.9813.1536.296.22.5322.9 1991/92
868.8 220.9841.4551.391.92.7326.0 1992/93
797.6 182.3836.2546.186.52.5317.4 1993/94
869.4 197.9853.8567.498.62.7323.1 1994/95
800.9 162.9835.8544.788.22.5314.4 1995/96
908.9 202.3869.5573.094.42.8322.6 1996/97
881.4 216.0867.7579.885.82.8311.0 1997/98
891.3 237.6869.8576.196.72.9308.6 1998/99
878.0 232.4882.7586.0102.42.9299.0 1999/00
863.5 211.2884.7589.3102.72.9296.0 2000/01
896.1 198.5908.8601.5100.53.0300.9 2001/02
874.6 170.7902.4595.9102.73.0292.0 2002/03
915.6 141.6944.7615.0102.63.0306.1 2003/04
1,014.8 178.7977.7644.5101.23.4300.1 2004/05
978.8 164.7992.8637.9108.53.3300.8 2005/06
986.2 138.71,012.1633.6114.63.2305.1 2006/07
1,077.9 160.51,056.0655.4128.83.4318.0 2007/08
1,101.6 189.61,072.5644.3109.93.5312.5 2008/09
1,095.5 179.51,105.5661.1110.73.5309.2 2009/10
Notes: Wheat and coarse grains trade data are on July June years through 1975/76. From 1976/77 to the
present, coarse grains data are on an Oct/Sept trade year.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDAOffice of Global Analysis
February 2010
World Corn and Barley: Supply and Demand
Millions of Metric Tons/Hectares
Area
Harvested
Yield Production TY Exports Feed Dom.
Consumpti
Domestic
Consumpti
Ending
Stocks
Corn
450.8 197.5458.2316.558.83.5127.0 1987/88
400.5 145.2452.8306.866.03.2126.1 1988/89
461.7 132.8474.1324.874.53.6127.3 1989/90
481.9 141.2473.4318.558.83.7129.2 1990/91
493.0 140.8493.3334.463.03.7132.6 1991/92
535.6 162.5512.1348.762.64.0133.2 1992/93
475.8 129.3509.0342.057.43.6130.7 1993/94
559.3 152.9535.6371.571.94.1135.3 1994/95
516.3 132.7536.5365.164.83.8135.0 1995/96
592.9 165.6560.1387.666.74.2141.6 1996/97
574.4 166.2573.7401.163.14.2136.3 1997/98
605.9 190.8581.4404.668.74.3139.3 1998/99
608.0 193.6605.2423.072.34.4139.0 1999/00
591.4 174.8610.2427.975.94.3137.2 2000/01
601.2 151.1624.9436.672.84.4137.7 2001/02
603.0 126.7627.3433.276.94.4137.2 2002/03
626.8 104.8648.7445.379.14.4141.7 2003/04
714.9 131.4688.3475.176.04.9145.0 2004/05
698.8 124.3705.9477.682.64.8145.4 2005/06
712.4 108.9727.8477.991.44.8149.2 2006/07
791.9 129.6771.1496.398.25.0159.9 2007/08
791.5 145.9775.2478.483.25.0157.1 2008/09
797.8 134.0809.7493.684.95.1155.3 2009/10
Barley
175.4 33.6173.5129.618.32.278.7 1987/88
164.4 31.7166.3121.919.02.276.4 1988/89
166.1 27.5170.4126.018.52.373.7 1989/90
179.5 31.5175.5130.819.62.572.9 1990/91
169.8 34.8166.5120.319.42.276.5 1991/92
166.2 34.9165.6119.016.42.373.1 1992/93
168.9 34.8169.1123.818.82.373.8 1993/94
160.7 29.9165.6120.915.32.272.8 1994/95
141.2 20.4150.7107.813.42.168.6 1995/96
153.1 23.9149.5106.317.92.365.6 1996/97
153.9 31.9145.9104.112.82.464.5 1997/98
136.0 28.6139.499.517.82.260.8 1998/99
127.4 23.5132.594.017.82.354.5 1999/00
133.1 22.2134.494.716.22.553.9 2000/01
143.3 28.9136.795.517.22.556.3 2001/02
134.4 26.7136.695.016.32.455.7 2002/03
142.2 22.5146.4102.614.82.459.6 2003/04
152.4 32.5142.4100.016.92.657.9 2004/05
136.3 27.6141.297.417.52.456.0 2005/06
136.4 20.8143.298.314.62.457.0 2006/07
132.7 19.6133.991.718.62.357.2 2007/08
154.0 29.7143.8100.118.22.855.7 2008/09
148.9 32.4146.2101.817.12.755.2 2009/10
Notes: Coarse grains trade data are on July June years through 1975/76. From 1976/77 to the present,
coarse grains data are on an Oct/Sept trade year.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDAOffice of Global Analysis
February 2010
World Rice: Supply and Demand
Millions of Metric Tons/Hectares
Area
Harvested
Yield Rough
Production
Production TY Exports Domestic
Consumpti
Ending
Stocks
Rice, Milled
397.0 52.6271.211.9269.92.7144.4 1980/81
408.3 50.5280.011.3277.92.8144.4 1981/82
418.2 56.8278.711.2285.03.0140.5 1982/83
450.9 69.3294.411.9306.93.1144.6 1983/84
464.9 87.7298.411.0316.83.2144.1 1984/85
467.3 97.7308.011.8318.03.2144.7 1985/86
464.6 103.3310.412.9316.13.2144.8 1986/87
464.8 105.3313.111.4315.13.3141.4 1987/88
490.8 111.7325.714.0332.13.3146.6 1988/89
510.3 120.6336.311.7345.23.5147.8 1989/90
519.4 126.7345.312.3351.43.5147.0 1990/91
522.8 126.7353.214.4353.23.5147.5 1991/92
524.2 123.2357.514.9354.03.6146.5 1992/93
526.1 119.0358.916.6354.73.6145.3 1993/94
539.7 117.6365.420.8364.03.7147.3 1994/95
547.3 118.1368.319.7368.83.7148.3 1995/96
565.4 120.3379.318.9381.53.8150.0 1996/97
575.0 127.7379.827.6387.33.8151.3 1997/98
586.9 134.0388.624.8394.93.8152.7 1998/99
608.9 143.1400.322.8409.33.9155.3 1999/00
594.5 146.7395.924.5399.53.9151.9 2000/01
595.6 132.9414.127.9400.33.9150.9 2001/02
564.4 103.2408.827.6379.03.9146.4 2002/03
585.6 81.1414.727.3392.63.9148.9 2003/04
598.0 73.4409.529.0401.84.0151.3 2004/05
623.5 76.0416.029.1418.64.1153.3 2005/06
627.5 75.1421.731.9420.84.1154.1 2006/07
648.0 81.0428.529.8434.44.2155.1 2007/08
667.1 93.3434.929.0447.34.3156.6 2008/09
650.6 92.5437.130.8436.34.3152.5 2009/10
Notes: Stocks, exports and consumption are expressed on a milled basis in marketing years.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDAOffice of Global Analysis
February 2010
ENDNOTES TO GRAIN: WORLD MARKETS AND TRADE REGIONAL TABLES North America: Canada, Mexico, the United States. Central America: Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama. Caribbean: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Bermuda, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, French West Indies, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Haiti, Jamaica and Dep, Leeward-Windward Islands, Martinique, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, Puerto Rico, Kitts and Nevis, St. Lucia, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands, Virgin Islands of the U.S. South America: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), French Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, Venezuela. EU: Austria, Belgium/Luxembourg, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom. Other Europe: Albania, Azores, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Former Yugoslavia, Gibraltar, Iceland, Macedonia, Montenegro, Norway, Serbia, Switzerland. Former Soviet Union: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan. Middle East: Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, Yemen. North Africa: Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia. Sub-Saharan Africa: all African countries except North Africa. East Asia: China, Hong Kong, Japan, South Korea, North Korea, Macau, Mongolia, Taiwan. South Asia: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Maldives. Southeast Asia: Brunei, Burma, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam. Oceania: Australia, Fiji, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea.
Grain: World Markets and Trade, February 2010
50 Foreign Agricultural Service/USDAOffice of Global Analysis
February 2010
OTHER NOTES Local Marketing Years (LMY): LMY refers to the 12-month period following the main harvest, when the crop is marketed (i.e., consumed, traded, or stored). The year first listed begins a country's LMY for that commodity (2008/09 starts in 2008); except for summer grains in certain Southern Hemisphere countries and for rice in selected countries, where the second year begins the LMY (2008/09 starts in 2009). Key exporter LMY’s are:
Wheat Corn Barley Sorghum Argentina (Dec/Nov) Argentina (Mar/Feb) Australia (Nov/Oct) Argentina (Mar/Feb) Australia (Oct/Sep) Brazil (Mar/Feb) Canada (Aug/Jul) Australia (Mar/Feb) Canada (Aug/Jul) China (Oct/Sep) EU-27 (Jul/Jun) United States (Sep/Aug) China (Jul/Jun) South Africa (May/Apr) Russia (Jul/Jun) EU-27 (Jul/Jun) United States (Sep/Aug) Ukraine (Jul/Jun) India (Apr/Mar) United States (Jun/May) Kazakhstan (Jul/Jun) Russia(Jul/Jun) Turkey (Jun/May) Ukraine (Jul/Jun) United States (Jun/May)
For a complete list of local marketing years, please see the FAS website (http://www.fas.usda.gov/psdonline/psdAvailability.aspx). Stocks: Unless otherwise stated, stock data are based on an aggregate of differing local marketing years and should not be construed as representing world stock levels at a fixed point in time. Consumption: World totals for consumption reflect total utilization, including food, seed, industrial, feed, and waste; as well as differences in local marketing year imports and local marketing year exports. Consumption statistics for regions and individual countries, however, reflect food, seed, industrial, feed, and waste only. Trade: All PSD tables are balanced on the different local marketing years. All trade tables contain Trade Year (TY) data which puts all countries on a uniform, 12-month period for analytical comparisons: wheat is July/June; coarse grains, corn, barley, sorghum, oats, and rye are Oct/Sept; and rice is calendar year. EU Consolidation: The trade figures starting from 1999/00 represent EU-27 and exclude all intra-trade. For the years 1960/61 through 1998/99, figures are the EU-15 and also exclude all intra-trade. EU-15 member states' data for grains are no longer maintained in the official USDA database. Data for the individual NMS-10, plus Bulgaria and Romania, exists only prior to 1999/00. Statistics: (1) Wheat trade statistics include wheat, flour, and selected pasta products on a grain equivalent basis. (2) Rice trade statistics include rough, brown, milled, and broken on a milled
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equivalent basis. (3) Coarse grains statistics include corn, barley, sorghum, oats, rye, millet, and mixed grains but exclude trade in barley malt, millet, and mixed grains. Unaccounted: This term includes grain in transit, reporting discrepancies in some countries, and trade to countries outside the USDA database. The Field Crops and Livestock Branch, Industry and Sector Analysis Division, Foreign Agricultural Service, USDA, Washington DC 20250, prepared this circular. Information is gathered from official statistics of foreign governments and other foreign source materials, reports of U.S. agricultural attachés and Foreign Service officers, office research, and related information. Further information may be obtained by writing the Division or telephoning (202) 720-6590. Note: The previous report in this series was the Grain: World Markets and Trade Foreign Agricultural Service Circular FG 01-10 January 2010. For further details on world grain production, please see World Agricultural Production Foreign Agricultural Service Circular WAP 02-10 February 2010. This circular is available in its entirety on the World Wide Web via the Foreign Agricultural Service Home Page. The address is: http://www.fas.usda.gov
Grain: World Markets and Trade, February 2010
52 Foreign Agricultural Service/USDAOffice of Global Analysis
February 2010