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HUB:BLE -2 Boosting Local Enterprise Day 2 Plenary Session Bloodhound SSC Skylon
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17th October 2013
Boosting Local Enterprise
Adam Baker – Kinston University and Bloodhound SSC
Jeremy Nickless – Skylon
Planetarium Show – We Are Aliens
Day 2 – Plenary Session
Beyond Bloodhound
Adam Baker
In particular
• Communications – Relay (‘bent pipe’), broadcast (Sky), Inmarsat
• Remote sensing – Disaster warning, weather …spying… ‘Google Earth’
• Scientific measurements – Ozone hole, greenhouse gas monitoring, life on Mars,
how the universe began • Navigation
– GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, and others to come
The UK in space
‘Upstream & downstream’
Infrastructure UK Launch
Infrastructure
Spaceport UK
Small Launcher
Sub-orbital Space Access
Large Reusable Launcher
Imported LV technology, systems
40+ years ago Before Oct 28th, 2021
We have the technology... – Structures – Avionics – Propulsion – Ground support – Project management – System engineering
Credit: Richard RM Brown
Credit: SSTL
Credit: Moog Isp
Credit: TISICS
Credit: NDA
Credit: QinetiQ
Good business...? Cumulative debt
-100.0
-50.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Year
$M
ENGINEERING ADVENTURE
www.BLOODHOUNDSSC.com
Rocket cars
ENGINEERING ADVENTURE
www.BLOODHOUNDSSC.com
What is Bloodhound?
• An unreasonable and disruptive aerospace and education company dedicated to innovation.
• An iconic project aiming to create the next generation of scientists and engineers.
• 58 dedicated engineers
• Supported by 100s of ‘ambassadors’ in >5000 schools
• A £41M budget , about ¼ spent to date
• 50 man years of R&D
• A ‘hard’ project!
ENGINEERING ADVENTURE
www.BLOODHOUNDSSC.com
Technical goals
• 1000mph land speed record – Currently ~730mph
• Inspire the next generation of scientists & engineers
ENGINEERING ADVENTURE
www.BLOODHOUNDSSC.com
The car
• Structure, Powerplant, Ancillary
ENGINEERING ADVENTURE
www.BLOODHOUNDSSC.com
ENGINEERING ADVENTURE
www.BLOODHOUNDSSC.com
Rocket Engine
Credit: CISAS-Uni Padua
Credit: Falcon UK
ENGINEERING ADVENTURE
www.BLOODHOUNDSSC.com
First large hybrid test, October 2012
ENGINEERING ADVENTURE
www.BLOODHOUNDSSC.com
Hybrid heritage
ENGINEERING ADVENTURE
www.BLOODHOUNDSSC.com
Bloodhound
A record breaker...?
Bloodhound or... horizontal ‘space shot’?
Beyond Bloodhound – new business for the 21st century
• 100kg into polar orbit for £3M • Complete space missions for £5-10M • Development: as little as £20M (+ GSE + interest) • UK know how, supply chain, & facilities : UKLaunch
ENGINEERING ADVENTURE
www.BLOODHOUNDSSC.com
Join the Adventure
Find us on Facebook: www.facebook.com/BLOODHOUNDSSC
Follow us on Twitter: www.twitter.com/BLOODHOUND_SSC
Sign up to the 1K Club: www.BLOODHOUNDSSC.com
Dr. Adam M. Baker [email protected]
ROCKET Engineering Ltd.
HUB:BLE 2 Boosting Local Enterprise – 17th October 2013
Jeremy Nickless Business Development Reaction Engines Ltd
SKYLON and the SABRE Engine: from Humble Beginnings…
2nd UK Space Propulsion Workshop
HUB:BLE 2 Boosting Local Enterprise – 17th October 2013 2
A Brief History
In the mid 1980s the UK began HOTOL – a Rolls Royce/British Aerospace study into single stage to orbit spaceplanes – the funding was cut in 1988
3 HOTOL Engineers founded Reaction Engines Ltd. In 1989 to continue and progress spaceplane R&D
2nd UK Space Propulsion Workshop
HUB:BLE 2 Boosting Local Enterprise – 17th October 2013 3
The Reaction Engines Team - 2013
▪ Thermodynamics and heat transfer
▪ Chemistry
▪ Non-equilibrium chemistry
▪ Hydrodynamics & aerodynamics
▪ Plasma physics and engineering
▪ Electromagnetics
▪ Control Systems
▪ Astrodynamics ▪ Mechanical Engineering (materials,
structures, manufacture, design) ▪ Specialist Engineering (marine,
automobile, nuclear) ▪ Systems Engineering ▪ Programme and project management ▪ Information Technology ▪ International Air and Space Law
2nd UK Space Propulsion Workshop
HUB:BLE 2 Boosting Local Enterprise – 17th October 2013 4
T h e i m p o r ta n c e o f r e u s a b l e S p a c e a c c e s s … Launchers derived from cold war military technology have been faithful friends enabling the birth of the Space age and returning services and knowledge. However they suffer significant drawbacks: ▪ Expensive & labour intensive ▪ Unreliable – 1/50 failure rate historically ▪ Now a limitation to growth
1957 Today
7
Characteristics of Commercial Operations
HUB:BLE 2 Boosting Local Enterprise – 17th October 2013
• Reusability:
-reduced cost per flight by amortising production cost over 200 flights.
• Single-stage:
-reduced development and operating costs relative to multi-stage vehicles.
• Un-piloted:
-reduced mission control, relaxed safety during development, increased
payload. Dedicated accessory passenger module for payload bay.
8
Characteristics of Commercial Operations (cont.)
HUB:BLE 2 Boosting Local Enterprise – 17th October 2013
• Abort capability: - abort to launch site with up to half engines failed. - flight critical systems redundant to single point failure. • User friendly operations: - simple ground handling and automatic checkout. - low maintenance through robust TPS and long life engines. - containerised payload system.
• Re-entry cross-range: - high hypersonic L/D to improve return opportunities to launch site. • Environmental impact: - benign propellants, ‘low’ engine noise, no orbital debris.
9
SKYLON C1
HUB:BLE 2 Boosting Local Enterprise – 17th October 2013
Entry to Service Targets:
• 200 reuses
• 1% abort rate per mission
• 1:20,000 loss rate per mission
• 48 hour turnaround
10
SKYLON C1
HUB:BLE 2 Boosting Local Enterprise – 17th October 2013
• 12 Tonnes to LEO
• 10 Tonnes to ISS
• 200m3 Payload bay
• 4.6m Diameter payload
Revision in 2010 to D1 Standard with 15 tonne payload
11 HUB:BLE 2 Boosting Local Enterprise – 17th October 2013
SABRE
12
The SABRE Engine
HUB:BLE 2 Boosting Local Enterprise – 17th October 2013
Pre-Cooler
Turbine
Thrust Chambers
Bypass Duct
Air Intake
Compressor
13 HUB:BLE 2 Boosting Local Enterprise – 17th October 2013
THE PRE-COOLER
14
Pre-cooler Construction
HUB:BLE 2 Boosting Local Enterprise – 17th October 2013
2nd UK Space Propulsion Workshop
HUB:BLE 2 Boosting Local Enterprise – 17th October 2013 15
P r e - c o o l e r P r o d u c t i o n
2nd UK Space Propulsion Workshop
HUB:BLE 2 Boosting Local Enterprise – 17th October 2013 16
P r e - c o o l e r Te s t Fa c i l i t y
Nitrogen BoilerVIPER jet engine
Pre-cooler
Data Acquisition
Helium Loop
Circulator
Silencer
2nd UK Space Propulsion Workshop
HUB:BLE 2 Boosting Local Enterprise – 17th October 2013 17
P r e - c o o l e r H e a t E xc h a n g e r
2nd UK Space Propulsion Workshop
HUB:BLE 2 Boosting Local Enterprise – 17th October 2013 18
P r e - c o o l e r Te s t R u n
19 HUB:BLE 2 Boosting Local Enterprise – 17th October 2013
OTHER TECHNOLOGIES
2nd UK Space Propulsion Workshop
HUB:BLE 2 Boosting Local Enterprise – 17th October 2013 20
R E L a d d r e s s e d m o s t o f t h e ke y te c h n o l o g i e s i n P h a s e 2
Pre-cooler heat Transfer augmentation 2009
Micro-channel high pressure Hx 2010
Silicon carbide high temp Hx 2002
Air intake 2012
STILETTO staged combustion 2011
Contra-rotating turbine 2008
Advanced nozzles laboratory tests 2006
STERN E/D nozzle 2008
STRICT E/D nozzle 2010
Bell nozzle separation 2010
Air/hydrogen cooling 2010
LOX cooling 2010
STRIDENT nozzle 2012
Laboratory scale 1GW/m3 HX 1996
Wind tunnel Hx module 2002
First full scale pre-cooler module 2005
Pre-cooler frost control 2004
Complete pre-cooler 2012
HUB:BLE 2 Boosting Local Enterprise – 17th October 2013 21
Re-entry aerodynamics
CFRP truss structure
Ascent trajectory modelling
Mach 12 hypersonic shock tunnel
Avionics
Aeroshell TiSic truss structure
Subsonic wind tunnel
Mach 9 hypersonic wind tunnel
R E L a d d r e s s e d m o s t o f t h e ke y te c h n o l o g i e s i n P h a s e 2
22
STRICT Engine
HUB:BLE 2 Boosting Local Enterprise – 17th October 2013
23 HUB:BLE 2 Boosting Local Enterprise – 17th October 2013
FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS
24
TITLE
HUB:BLE 2 Boosting Local Enterprise – 17th October 2013
S K Y LO N Sy s te m Re q u i r e m e nt s Re v i e w
UK Space Agency independent review Sep 2010 • ESA providing technical support
• Almost 100 invitees attended two
day workshop
• Part of wider review including on site audit by ESA
Review Conclusions ‘no impediments or critical items have been identified for either the SKYLON vehicle or the SABRE engine that are a block to further developments’.
2nd UK Space Propulsion Workshop
HUB:BLE 2 Boosting Local Enterprise – 17th October 2013
25
P r e - c o o l e r te s t p r o g ra m m e b r e a k t h r o u g h
▪ Over 500 rig tests … over 300 engine pre-cooler tests ▪ -150°C cryogenic temperature ▪ Operation of pre-cooler & frost control system ▪ Steady state cryogenic cooling over a sustained period ▪ Thermo-mechanical & aerodynamic integrity ▪ Technical objectives of the ESA programme
26
The Future
HUB:BLE 2 Boosting Local Enterprise – 17th October 2013
In July 2013 the UK Government awarded Reaction Engines a £60M grant towards a £250M+ programme spanning 3 ½ years to the latter quarter of 2017
27 HUB:BLE 2 Boosting Local Enterprise – 17th October 2013
Thank You
Any Questions?