ITM Power Corporate Brochure

Company Brochure 201414

0160012

ITM Power Hydrogen Station HFuel with Hyundai ix35 Fuel Cell vehicleat Cowes Yacht Haven.

Dr Simon Bourne, Chief Technology Officer, ITM Power inside the Thüga Group’s Power-to-Gas plant in Frankfurt am Main, Germany

ITM Power plc

2014

Dr Graham CooleyCEO, ITM Power plc

“This has been a very productive period for the company with solid progress in technology, sales, partnerships and project income. We built, CE marked, commissioned and consented the world’s largest PEM electrolyser and have proved the company’s technology and project management. We now have a major reference plant with the Thüga group, the largest utility grouping in the world. This solid progress is the achievement of our highly talented team.”

In a world in which fossil fuel energy is becoming ever more scarce and expensive and countries are struggling to meet their carbon reduction obligations, hydrogen solutions have finally reached the top of energy agendas.

ITM Power manufactures integrated hydrogen energy solutions that are rapid response and high pressure that meet the requirements for grid balancing and energy storage services, and for the production of clean fuel for transport, renewable heat and chemicals. The international demand for these solutions is increasing.

• Energy storage provision has startedto become a mandatory requirementin areas of the world such asCalifornia; it is recognised asan essential prerequisite forrenewable energy deployment

• Grid balancing and rapid responsedemand-side services are crucial forthe integration of high proportionsof renewable energy supply on theelectricity grid

• Auto OEMs are rolling out Fuel CellElectric Vehicles (FCEVs) that requirea high purity hydrogen fuel. Hyundaihas commenced production, withToyota to follow suit later in 2014and then Honda and others from2015. Hydrogen fuel cell cars are nowbeing sold. Global hydrogen refuellingstation infrastructure programmesare underway

• Air quality regulations are stimulatingthe need for hydrogen as a clean fuelfor clean transport emissions, in cityregions around the world

• Energy security and fuel securityhas risen to the top of the geo-political agenda

• Price volatility of fossil fuels is drivingan industrial substitution to moresustainable chemical processes

Shaping a renewable hydrogen future

energy StoragepowER-to-gas

Phil DoranManaging Director, ITM Power GmbH

“In Germany there is widespread acceptance that the massive expansion of fluctuating renewable power demands the establishment of large scale Power-to-Gas energy storage to manage the resulting mismatch between energy supply and demand. According to a recent Deutsche Bank report by natural resources economist Josef Auer, Germany’s Energiewende is Driving Power-to-Gas. In our view it will also drive the renewable generation of hydrogen for the transport sector.

POWER-TO-GAS

Funded by

A UK FEASIBILITY STUDYPower-to-Gas energy storage is the process of converting surplus renewable electricity into hydrogen by rapid response electrolysis and its subsequent injection into the gas distribution network.

The UK already owns this vast energy storage infrastructure that can be recharged without having to wait for it to discharge first; critical for storing excess renewable energy whenever it is generated.

The existing infrastructure can be utilised by linking existing power and natural gas networks, using rapid response electrolysers to convert electrons to hydrogen. This allows for the storage of significant amounts of energy and the provision of CO2 neutral fuels in the form of the resulting renewable energy gas mix of hydrogen and methane.

powER-to-gas

uSing SurpluS wind for eleCtrolySiS to produCe hydrogento balanCe the grid

drawn from dr graham cooley’s presentation at the RaE

EnERgY stoRagE

Power-to-Gas energy storage: elements of value

value to the power grid• Avoided wind curtailment• Avoided infrastructure upgrades• Allowing additional RE onto grid• Reduced reserve power• Reduce CO2 from GTs• Absorbing reactive power

value to the gas grid• Decarbonising gas in line

with legislation• Providing renewable heat• Reducing GHG emissions

from gas transportation

value to the uK economy• Reducing fuel imports• Improved energy security• Aiding meeting international

green obligations• Creating jobs in manufacturing

p2g elements oF value

There are several key requirements for a P2G plant:

• It should be economic Given that electricity is generally of much higher value thangas, it is important to define electrolyser operating regimesthat access electricity of low cost. For absorbing otherwisewasted excess renewable energy the electricity cost shouldbe negative or zero. For providing balancing servicesoperation, the grid operator should pay for the availabilityand utilisation of the P2G load. For providing a greener gas,gas consumers should pay via a feed-in tariff. The benefitsof P2G should be recognised through the Renewable HeatIncentive, in a similar manner to how biomethane injectionis supported.

• It must produce low-carbon hydrogen The carbon intensity of the electricity grid is presently~500g CO2/kWh, while for natural gas it is ~200g CO2/kWh. Thus hydrogen produced using grid electricity willhave a considerably greater carbon intensity than naturalgas. To produce green hydrogen the electricity source forthe plant must be ‘green’ or curtailed energy (which wouldotherwise be wasted). However, this significantly restrictsplant utilisation. Therefore, a combination of ‘green’/curtailedenergy with some grid electricity to improve the utilisation isrecommended, up to a defined limit for the carbon intensityof green hydrogen (e.g. 50g CO2/kWh). As the electricitygrid decarbonises in future years (aided by the roll-out ofP2G), more power can be derived from the grid, increasingplant utilisation and the amounts of green hydrogen producedannually per MW installed.

• It must respond rapidly to a changing electricity input A P2G system based on solid polymer electrolyte membrane(PEM) electrolyser technology is most suitable for thisrequirement. In addition, it is able to be overloadedsubstantially during periods of excess energy availability;able to generate hydrogen at a pressure matched to the gasgrid; and suitable for physically compact site installations dueto high current density cell operation.

Adding high concentrations of hydrogen to natural gas affects the flame properties, reduces the calorific value and increases the flame speed (and hence the propensity to light-back when the flame is extinguished). However, these effects are negligible at low concentrations. Existing UK regulations specify a maximum volume concentration of 0.1% hydrogen in the gas grid, which is very small compared with the limits applying in other EU nations and far below that which can be safely transmitted and combusted in the UK. A revision of the GS(M)R composition limits is required, and we recommend that a new limit of 3% be set commencing 2015 to facilitate the introduction of P2G. This new limit will enable up to approximately 11TWh of excess energy to be captured, but it will not require burners or gas-fired equipment to be adjusted or replaced. The adoption of a greater concentration limit is feasible and should be addressed in the early 2020s.

Injection to achieve the 3% concentration level requires dehumidification to -10°C dew point, 33.3:1 dilution, and downstream measurements of flow, composition and combustion properties so that, when needed, the P2G plant can decrease its output (or divert hydrogen to storage) to ensure the concentration limit is never exceeded. As gas can be transported internationally from the UK’s high pressure National Transmission System (NTS), hydrogen should be injected only into the lower pressure Local Distribution Zones (LDZ) until a European framework has been developed so that hydrogen concentration levels can be maintained at acceptable levels in each country. Our economic assessment highlights a preferred operating regime for absorbing excess energy and providing balancing services with PEM electrolyser technology.


eleCtrolySiS haS a multi faCeted value-in-uSe when applied to the p2g approaCh

Through being a controllable load, electrolysis can perform grid balancing and so reduce dependency on reserve power plants. It can serve to reduce the curtailment of wind and solar power sources (creating value out of electricity that would otherwise be wasted by ‘valley filling’ electrical load profiles). It can reduce capital expenditure on upgrading electricity infrastructure by absorbing power locally that cannot otherwise be transferred away. The hydrogen produced can be sold to the gas system to displace natural gas, so reducing greenhouse gas emissions and reliance upon fuel imports. If the power is derived mainly from renewable power sources, only low-carbon hydrogen will be produced. Thereby the Power-to-Gas (P2G) approach can facilitate a transition from natural gas to a ‘green’ mixed gas by making use of both of the UK’s existing energy grids.

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The build-up of on and offshore wind generation in the UK.Source: ITM Power plc, data from BWEA Onshore Offshore

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As we hit 20% capacity or around 8% by energy, for on- and off-shore wind in the UK, wind power generated has to be turned down. This has already been the experience from Germany, Denmark and now Spain. The UK runs at 40% base load, meaning that once these power stations are turned on, they are left on. Even when the wind blows an additional 20% by capacity, because the wind power is intermittent and uncertain in supply time, it makes it impossible to turn down a power station which takes time to turn back on. This is impossible to do in a timescale which would keep the lights on in the UK.

National Grid have shown the length of time it takes to re-energise a power station once it has been turned off ranges from six hours to two days. So for security of supply, when wind is added to the energy mix, because of its intermittency, not knowing if it is around for a few minutes or a few hours, the base load is unable to be turned off. The way this is currently dealt with in the UK is to curtail the wind power.

growing wind generation• Evidence of grid balancing problems from Germany and Denmark• Problems start at 20% capacity; UK hits this threshold by the end of 2013• Energy storage is a market pull

Balancing supply and demand• A total of £725 paid for balancing services in 2010–11• Estimates in 2020 are: circa £1.9bn – £5.9bn pa• Tariffs already operational in the UK


itm power plc


Thüga Group’s Power-to-Gas plant in Frankfurt am Main, Germany

cuRtailing wind powER – thE solution

growing wind generationRather than turn down the wind power, an alternative option is to turn ‘on’ a load, this is called demand side management. ITM Power’s particular demand side load is a rapid response electrolyser. It is turned ‘on’ when balancing against renewable power and it generates a clean useful fuel, renewable hydrogen gas, which can be put directly into the gas grid.

National Grid spent £0.7billion on grid balancing services in the period 2010– 2011, rising to £1.1b in 2012-2013. By 2020 estimates across the industry vary from £2b to as much as £6b for grid balancing services.

What is needed is more and more rapid response demand side loads, as the amount of inertia in the network is reduced the demand side management requirement increases.

The UK’s 2020 target for total wind capacity is over 30GW, if only 4% of that wind is curtailed by then, it is still 2.8 terawatt hours of energy, which is a lot of electrolysis, but only half of one percent of hydrogen mixed in the gas grid.

This highlights how large the gas grid is and what a practical store it is for renewable energy. In the USA the California Public Utilities Commission unanimously approved its proposed mandate that will require the state’s big three investor-owned utilities to add 1.3 gigawatts of energy storage to their grids by 2020.


EnERgY stoRagE


Source: ITM Power plc

why power-to-gas?Electricity cannot be stored easily. Hydrogen can be stored easily in the gas grid.

Power-to-Gas

powER-to-gas RationalE

The two largest networks in any developed country are the electricity and the gas network. The electricity network in the UK has 350 terawatt hours of energy flowing through it, and the gas network has 1,000 terawatt hours, making the gas grid three times the size of the electricity network in terms of energy. The big difference between the gas grid and the electricity grid is that the gas grid has lots of storage capacity so there is already a huge asset in place for storing energy.

The gas distribution network is therefore an ideal place to store excess renewable energy, in the form of a renewable gas. The more renewable power which is generated, the more difficult it will be to manage the network with no storage. The use of PEM electrolysers is a perfect way to balance against the intermittent renewable power and you make hydrogen, putting it straight into the gas network. An alternative is to react the hydrogen with CO2 and make synthetic natural gas and put that straight into the gas grid.

itm power plc



how much hydrogen can you put into the gas grid?The Dutton limit highlights gas interchangeability and was used when the UK changed from town gas to natural gas in the early 1970s, when the gas system had 60% hydrogen in it. Today that limit is around 12% and Holland have adopted the Dutton limit, Germany are at 10%, most of Europe are clustered around 5% and ITM Power have recommended that the 0.1% limit in the UK is increased to 3%.

The UK imports half of all its gas, we then re-export 10% and some of it goes to power generation but the bulk of it goes towards heat. If the hydrogen made from renewable power was to be injected into the gas grid this would provide renewable heat on a very large scale.

renewaBle heatThe government targets state a requirement for 12% of all heating by renewables by 2020, which is very ambitious. One of the routes to it is Power-to-Gas energy storage but it will require a lot of electrolysis, 18,600MW.

The elements of value to the power network are that it will reduce the amounts of renewable energy curtailment whilst also reducing the reliance on open-cycle gas. For the gas grid it will decarbonise the provision of renewable heat. Making gas domestically from an excess product is good from a fuel and energy security point of view.

energy storage technologiesVarious energy storage technologies all have different durations and power capabilities.

Source: ITM Power plc

There are many different energy storage technologies available. Energy storage in general is segmented by discharge time and energy storage size. For extremely short bursts of energy (less than a cycle) for power quality work then a flywheel is the preferred option. For hours of energy storage a battery would be used, but the issue with batteries is all the energy is stored inside the battery so if the storage needed was greater than the capacity of the battery, another battery would be required.

With hydrogen, the energy rating and the power rating are separate. So an electrolyser can run for as long as the renewable power lasts, be that seconds, or hours. Power-to-Gas energy storage considers a larger timescale of gigawatt, terawatt hours and annual or seasonal energy storage, rather than hours of energy storage.

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Phil Doran, MD, ITM Power GmbH at the Thüga Group’s Power-to-Gas Plant, Frankfurt

pRojEct thüga group’s power-to-gas plant

paRtnERs

total pRojEct funding

maRkEt

badenova ag & co. kg, Erdgas mittelsachsen gmbh, Energieversorgung mittelrhein gmbh, Erdgas schwaben gmbh, EswE versorgungs ag, gasversorgung westerwald gmbh, mainova aktiengesellschaft, stadtwerke ansbach gmbh, stadtwerke bad hersfeld gmbh, thüga Energienetze gmbh, wEmag ag, e-rp gmbh and thüga ag.

€1.5m

power-to-gas Energy storage

“The combination of renewable electrical energy and smart grids together with storage form the backbone of the Energiewende.”

Eveline LemkeRhineland-Palatinate Minister of Economic Affairs

“Our gas distribution network could thus be the battery of the future.”

Michael RiechelMember of the Board of Thüga AG

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2014 EnERgY stoRagE

Timeline of Thüga plant deliverables

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may 14

orderofficial

commissioning

ground Breaking

Final acceptance of the plant Final

payment

tÜv permit

First ever injection of

hydrogen into gas distribution

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electrolyser arrives on-site

ce marked

given the high volumeS of energy that muSt be Stored, power-to-gaS teChnology holdS great SignifiCanCe. According to Thüga’s analysis, energy storage requirements in Germany could be as high as 17 terawatt hours (TWh) by 2020, and reach 50 TWh by 2050. The municipal gas distribution network can easily absorb these quantities.

Thirteen companies of the Thüga group have combined their know-how and capital in a project platform to jointly invest in the development of Power-to-Gas storage technology. The focus is on testing the practicality of Power-to-Gas technology.

The companies are confident that longterm this technology has the greatest potential to store excess amounts of renewable energy as the development of storage technologies is one of themain challenges for the energy transition (Energiewende), if the integration of wind and solar power is to succeed.

ITM Power’s proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyser is the core of the system in Frankfurt am Main.

The plant converts electrical energy into chemical energy and thus facilitates thestorage of electrical energy. The gas mixing plant ensures that the admixture of hydrogen in the gas distribution network does not exceed 2% by volume.

The plant is now entering its three year operational phase, during which time the plant will participate in the balancing energy market and provide negative balancing power.

That means, when too much power is on the electrical grid, at the request of the transmission system operator (TSO), the load of the electrolyser will be increased. In this case, the plant absorbs the excess power and converts it into hydrogen. This also contributes to the stability of the electricity grid.

At the end of 2013, the plant injected hydrogen for the first time into the Frankfurt gas distribution networkbecoming the first plant to inject electrolytic generated hydrogen into the German gas distribution network.Final acceptance of the plant was achieved at the end of March 2014, which reflected the timely achievement of all milestones set.

The project is supported by the Hessian Ministry for the Environment, Energy, Agriculture and Consumer Protection. Following the first phase of the project, the participants are considering a second project, which would use hydrogen and carbon dioxide to produce synthetic natural gas to be subsequently stored.

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2014 EnERgY stoRagEEnERgY stoRagE

Clean fuel

Kit MalthouseDeputy Mayor of London for Business and Enterprise

“This technology was invented in the UK and London already has a massive research base around hydrogen and alternative fuels. When you also consider that we already export thousands of vehicles from the UK that adds up to a big opportunity for many new jobs working in cutting edge new technologies. We are doing everything we can to ensure London is ready when the very first commercially available hydrogen vehicles begin to come to the market in 2015.”

hYdRogEn fuEl

These programmes are supporting the availability of Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEVs) to the public, whilst at the same time ensuring that there is a hydrogen infrastructure in place to refuel.

The first full hydrogen FCEV has now been released the Hyundai ix35 and Toyota have recently announced production is being bought forward to December 2014, with Honda and others following from 2015.

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The world’s dependence on fossil fuels for transportation is hugely costly and unsustainable, with demand only set to increase as countries develop and population increases.

Hydrogen Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEVs) offer the ability to meet policy objectives of air quality and low carbon transport. This enables the public and business organisations to travel and transport goods with clean emissions, without disruption to routine, a key requirement for the rate of adoption and acceptability of ultra-low emission vehicles.

The green hydrogen fuel can be made by ITM Power’s rapid response hydrogen refuelling stations, at times of low electricity price and surplus renewable energy supply, using just water; this offers a low cost renewable clean fuel, that can be made on-site at the point of use, eliminating the need for transported fuel deliveries.

Fuel for hydrogen vehicles is now high on the agenda in a number of countries with significant government projects enabling the roll-out of hydrogen mobility programmes.

The UK has a legally binding carbon reduction target of 80% by 2050, which includes a reduction of carbon in transportation by 90%.

Road transportation makes up a huge percentage of transport, and this is why many governments have now implemented hydrogen mobility programmes. In April 14, the Office of Low Emission Vehicles (OLEV) published Investing in Ultra-Low Emission Vehicles in the UK, 2015 to 2020.

The document sets out key elements of the Government’s proposed package of support for ultra-low emission vehicles (ULEVs) in the period 2015–20 and it follows the announcement in the 2013 Spending Round that the Government was making £500m available to support ULEVs in this period.

OLEV are positioning the UK to be a lead market for the introduction of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles and will announce by autumn 2014, the actions that both Government and industry stakeholders will be taking to achieve this.

California has taken a global lead in the roll-out of hydrogen refuelling stations, with the California Energy Commission recently awarding $46.6m for the construction of 28 new stations, bringing the total planned in the state to more than 50.

hYdRogEn fuEl

providing the potential to deCarboniSe road tranSportation

launch date – national moBility initiativesThe development of a national hydrogen plan

clEan fuEl

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2014clEan fuEl

uk h2 mobilitY

webSite

Partners:

• Air Liquide• BOC• Daimler• Hyundai• Intelligent Energy• ITM Power• Johnson Matthey• Morrisons• Nissan• Sainsbury’s• SSE• Toyota• Department for Business

Innovation and Skills• Department of Energy

and Climate Change• Department for Transport• Transport Scotland• Welsh Government• Greater London Authority• New Energy World

www.ukh2mobility.co.uk

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2014 clEan fuEl clEan fuEl

fuEl cEll vEhiclEs

hyundai tuCSon hydrogen fuel Cell vehiCle

Key Points:

• 36-month lease, $499 permonth, $2,999 deposit,includes all maintenance,fuel, and carpool lane access

• The driving range of the Tucsonis up to 435 miles; similar tomany cars on the road today,yet its only emission is water

• It takes five minutes to fullyfill the Tucson, compared tocurrent EVs, which requireat least 3 hours with a 240Vcharge, or a minimum of 14hours with a 110V charge

www.hyundaiusa.com/tucsonfuelcell/

itm power plc

2014 clEan fuElclEan fuEl

fuEl cEll vEhiclEs

toyota fuel eleCtriC Cell vehiCleS (fCev)

Key Points:

• Toyota Fuel Cell Vehicle (FCV)uses the same hybrid technologyas the Prius, but with hydrogenand a fuel cell stack

• The Toyota FCV will make itsdebut on the roads in 2015and has a target range of over300 miles

• It has an introductory pricein Japan of $60,000

www.toyota.com/fuelcell

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2014 clEan fuEl clEan fuEl

80Kg/day

15kg/daY

island hYdRogEn islE of wight

Q4 2014 2 stations – 1 80kg/day and 1 smaller 15kg/day

100Kg/day

hYundai califoRnia, usa

Q4 2014

100Kg/day

RivERsidE califoRnia, usa

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Q1 2015 3 stations – 3 80kg/day stations

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ITM Power is part of the UK, Swiss, USA and French Hydrogen Mobility programmes and is currently building five refuelling stations for the UK (two for the Isle of Wight and three for London). The UK H2Mobility programme is looking to roll-out 65 stations over the next few years.

The three CE marked rapid response grid balancing stations to be deployed in London, will be the first green hydrogen deployments in the city and are expected to be operational in time to coincide with the roll-out of Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEVs) planned by the major OEMs.

The ‘Island Hydrogen’ project on the Isle of Wight will see the deployment of an 80kg/day hydrogen refuelling station to refuel FCEVs which will be located in East Cowes, and a 15kg/day marine refuelling station, at Ventnor Marina for Cheetah Marine. These two stations are scheduled to be operational by Q4 2014.

ITM Power has seen a big pull from the USA, since the formation of ITM Power Inc, becoming board members of the Californian Hydrogen Business Council, Canadian Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Association, Fuel Cell Hydrogen Energy Association and the Ohio Fuel Cell Coalition.

ITM Power Inc is a founder member of the US Government hydrogen mobility initiatives H2USA and H2First, leading to success in receiving two orders for hydrogen refuelling stations in the USA. Both awards to date have come out of the pioneering California Energy Commission solicitation process where

$200m is being made available for hydrogen fuelling infrastructure through an annual competitive tendering process.

The first is an order from Hydrogen Frontier Inc. to supply Hyundai’s headquarters in Chino, California with a high pressure electrolyser based hydrogen fuelling station. This station will be 100kg/day and be 100% renewable. It is set to be operational in Q4 of 2014.

The second was a Notice of Proposed Award from the California Energy Commission to supply a public 100kg per day turnkey hydrogen refuelling station in Riverside, California. The refuelling unit will replace a smaller, outdated station and will be capable of generating 100kg/day of hydrogen with the ability to dispense at both 350 and 700 bar. The station will be operational by October 2015.

REfuElling stations

the fCev’S are being rolled out, and So are hydrogen refuelling StationS.

itm power plc


www.island-hydrogen.com

itm power iS leading the ‘iSland hydrogen’ vehiCle refuelling projeCt on the iSle of wight Supported by the uK’S innovation agenCy, the teChnology Strategy board.The project integrates into the power system, a hydrogen energy storage and vehicle refuelling system on the Isle of Wight, through the development and optimisation of a control system to link renewable energy supply, smart grid controls and hydrogen production.

This will serve as an integrated renewable energy-transport model that can be replicated in smart cities, as well as islands around the world. ITM Power will be deploying two hydrogen refuelling stations. Initial planning permission applications lead to ITM Power being granted planning permission for five hydrogen refuelling sites on the Isle of Wight.

Two of these sites were chosen for the 80kg/day and 15kg/day stations to take forward for installation of hydrogen refuellers ready for operation in November 2014.

ITM Power will deploy one modular 80kg/day hydrogen generation unit, the first deployment of a station this size which is intended to form the initial station size in the roll-out of hydrogen refuelling stations in the UK H2Mobility project. This modular design allows generation capacity to be increased at refuelling stations as demand increases.

The other station to be deployed is for a 15kg/day marine refuellingstation to be located at CheetahMarine’s site in Ventnor. In addition to deploying the stations, ITM Power was also granted planning permission for five locations for five hydrogen refuelling sites on the Isle of Wight.

Two of these sites were chosen for the 80kg/day and 15kg/day stations to take forward for installation of hydrogenrefuellers ready for operation in November 2014. ITM Power sits on three Working Groups of the ISO Technical Committee 197, which has as its stated scope the standardisation in the field of systems and devices for the production, storage, transport, measurement and use of hydrogen. Furthermore, ITM Power sits on the British Compressed Gas Association Technical Steering Committees with particular emphasis on Code of Practice 41, which addresses The Design, Construction, Maintenance and Operation of Filling Stations Providing Gaseous Fuels.

pRojEct island hydrogen

paRtnERs


maRkEt

technology strategy board, cheetah marine, ssE, ibm, vodafone, arcola, university of nottingham, university of south wales, npl, toshiba

£4.45m

hydrogen vehicle and marine Refuelling

“The expertise required to achieve planning permission and satisfy compliance bodies is often underestimated. I am delighted that ITM Power has been successful in gaining approval to commence the build of two hydrogen refuelling stations on the Isle of Wight. Furthermore, the continued support from the Isle of Wight council and their determination to become a prime location for hydrogen fuel cell vehicle deployment provides a fantastic backdrop to this exciting project.”

Dr Graham CooleyChief Executive of ITM Power

itm power plc


www.hyfive.eu/hydrogen-and-fuel-cells

global leaderS Sign £31m plan to demonStrate the CommerCial CaSe for hydrogen vehiCleS. HyFive is a pioneering £31 million project involving leading motor manufacturers, hydrogen fuel suppliers, the Mayor of London’s Office and energy consultancies to make hydrogen vehicles a viable and environmentally friendly choice for motorists across Europe.Five different manufacturers have agreed to deploy a total of 110 hydrogen fuel cell vehicles at several European locations (Bolzano, Copenhagen, Innsbruck, London, Munich, Stuttgart) and develop new clusters of hydrogen refuelling stations.

ITM Power was selected by the London Hydrogen Partnership to be the Hydrogen Refuelling Station partner for London. This resulted in an award of contract to supply three ITM Power electrolyser-based refuelling stations. The Mayor of London’s Office announced the award which is funded by the European Union Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Joint Undertaking project called HyFive.

The contract is worth approximately £2.8 million to ITM Power and results in three 80kg/ day hydrogen stations being deployed in London. These three new stations will form part of three European regions deploying six new 700bar hydrogen refuelling stations and incorporate 12 existing stations in the project. The fuelling station networks will offer hydrogen as a genuine fuelling choice for end users. Working with other partners in the project, Air Products, Linde, OMV and the Copenhagen Hydrogen Network, will stimulate the network density

required for full commercial roll-out of hydrogen refuelling and FCEVs across Europe. The hydrogen stations are due to be operational in 2015, by which time the vehicle manufacturers in the partnership will have started to put hydrogen fuelled cars on sale in some European markets.

The motor manufacturers who are part of this project are working on developing and demonstrating hydrogen powered fuel cell cars. The prospect of these becoming more widely available is now seen as increasingly likely as the currently high cost of the technology falls and hydrogen powered vehicles become affordable. Supporters of the new technology point to the rapid refuelling times for hydrogen cars and their potential to cover over four hundred miles before needing to be refuelled. They also believe that fuel cells will have the ability to be scaled up to run larger vehicles such as buses or trucks.

pRojEct hyfive Refuelling partner for london

paRtnERs


maRkEt

the mayor of london’s office, bmw, daimler, honda, hyundai, toyota, air products, copenhagen hydrogen network, itm power, linde, omv, Element Energy, pE intERnational, the institute for innovative technology and the European fuel cell and hydrogen joint undertaking

£31m (£2.8m to itm power)

vehicle Refuelling

“The 15 partners of the HyFive project will work together to advance the awareness, understanding, viability and uptake of zero-emission hydrogen-powered vehicles, like the Hyundai ix35 Fuel Cell. The collective mid-term goal is to grow a pan-European refuelling network and ensure more vehicles are seen on the road.”

Byung Kwon RhimPresident of Hyundai Motor Europe

itm power plc


Stephen Jones, MD, ITM Power Inc. examines the hydrogen refuelling station bound for Hyundai, California.

pRojEct california Refuelling stations

paRtnERs


maRkEt

hyundai, powertech, h2 frontier inc, Riverside

$5,125,000 to both stations

hydrogen vehicle Refuelling

“Fuel cell technologies are an important part of an all-of-the-above approach to diversify America’s transportation sector, reduce our dependence on foreign oil and increase our competitiveness in the global market.”

David DanielsonAssistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy

itm power plc

2014 clEan fuEl

aS a reSult of aSSembly bill 32, California iS required to SignifiCantly reduCe itS Carbon emiSSionS State-wide.From a utility perspective, this means that an increasing proportion of renewable energy will need to be introduced into the electrical grid.

As a result California (CA) has set up a Renewables Portfolio Standard (RPS) of 33% total renewable energy by 2020.This is likely to increase to 50% by 2030. The increase in renewable energy into the electrical grid results in the need for storage during times when the renewable energy production may be sub optimum. This has led to the California public utilities commission mandating 1.3GW of energy storage by 2020 and opportunities to leverage the natural gas grid to store renewable energy, an approach that is now near commercial in Germany.

In addition AB-8 bill was passed in September 2013 providing up to $200m of funding for hydrogen infrastructure in the state of California over a ten year period with the aim of at least 100 stations by 2024.

ITM Power’s Chino project was awarded under this program to supply a 100kg per day system to Hydrogen Frontier Inc for incorporation into a refuelling station located at Hyundai’s technical centre in Chino, CA.

ITM Power’s other station award for the city of Riverside California was also through the same program and will see ITM Power lead a consortium of partners to deploy and operate a 100kg per day public hydrogen station. The station is located in one of the prime areas highlighted by the CEC; at the City of Riverside’s Alternative Fuelling Facility close to the 91 Freeway. The refuelling unit will replace a smaller, outdated station and will be capable of generating 100kg/day of hydrogen with the ability to dispense at both 350 and 700 bar. The station will be operational by October 2015.

The NOPA from the CEC comes as part of PON 13-607, the second solicitation in a ten year programme to deploy refuelling stations across California to support the roll-out of Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEVs).

clEan fuEl

renewable ChemiStry

David WillettsScience Minister

“The British scientific and technological revolution is something to be proud of. By investing in these great technologies I firmly believe that the UK will continue to be at the forefront of the global technology race.”

dEcaRbonising chEmicals

REnEwablE hYdRogEn pRovidEs thE global chEmical industRY with an oppoRtunitY to REducE its dEpEndEncE on fossil fuEls and spEcificallY mEthanE-dERivEd hYdRogEn.

H2O

CH4CO2

+

+

H2

NH3N

H2O

2O

H2 CO2

NH3

UREA

+

+

+N

Hydrogen is a fundamental chemical building block for a variety of commodity chemicals and fuels including ammonia and synthetic methane for which there are massive world markets. The use of renewable hydrogen as a feedstock would deliver a net reduction and in some cases be a net consumer of carbon dioxide (CO2).

ammonia and ureaMaking ammonia and urea fertiliser from hydrogen derived from wind via PEM electrolysers.

Conventional production of ammonia (NH3) is a large scale industrial process, very dependent on fossil fuels and is currently made using hydrogen derived from natural gas. Currently 5% of global natural gas consumption is used to make ammonia (2% of world energy) causing this agricultural process to contribute between 12–14% of greenhouse gas emissions.

Urea is a nitrogen-rich fertiliser and is made from ammonia and carbon dioxide. With the growing global population and demand for foodstuffs increasing, together with less acreage being dedicated to crop cultivation, 50% of current global food production relies on the use of ammonia based fertilisers to increase these yields. The challenge addressed by the production of ammonia and urea using hydrogen from renewable energy sources is the need to drastically reduce the emissions associated with the production of NH3 based fertilisers.

Ammonia and urea fertiliser can be produced sustainably by using hydrogen derived by electrolysis of water using renewable energy supply in a PEM electrolyser. This de-couples ammonia production from fossil fuels. In the case of urea, it also decarbonises the process further, as it provides a means of utilising waste carbon dioxide.

Renewable hydrogen offers:

• Decentralised, local fertiliser production• To decouple ammonia and urea production from fossil fuels• Opportunities to utilise waste CO2 in urea production• Sustainable fertiliser production with zero carbon emissions• Price stability, avoiding link to fossil fuel volatility• Security of supply and crop yield for a growing world population

CONVENTIONAL ROUTE

RENEWABLE ROUTE

REnEwablE chEmistRY

itm power plc

2014

synthetic methane and renewaBle gasesSynergies exist between the need for renewable heat in the form of a gaseous fuel, the need to reduce our dependency on imported natural gas, the rising renewable power penetration in the power system increasing the need for balancing services and increasing wind curtailment, and the need for industrial processes to utilise rather than eject carbon dioxide to the atmosphere.

In response to government commitments to decarbonise energy production and supply there has been an increase of renewable power, leading to a large percentage of power being generated from energy sources with intermittent and fluctuating outputs. Therefore there is a growing need for energy storage. In addition to being an energy vector for electricity, mobility and heat, hydrogen can be utilised as a raw material for the synthesis of various hydrocarbon fuels such as synthetic methane by means of either a biological or a catalytic process.

Physically and chemically similar to natural gas, synthetic methane can be injected into gas distribution networks or used in domestic and industrial heat processes without modification of equipment.

Synthetic methane has the potential to:

• Link the electricity and gas networksproviding an abundant source ofrenewable heat

• Contributing to the decarbonisationof transport

• Balancing supply and demand ofrenewable energy by varying theinput to the electrolyser

• Reducing the need to reinforce theexisting electricity distribution gridsto support increase of renewables

• Provide grid balancing services• Provide a means of effectively storing

renewable energy for periods ofweeks to months

Synthetic methane synthesis has great potential as a means of increasing the methane content of biogas. The high CO2 content of biogas means that it cannot be injected into the existing national gas infrastructure but by using it directly in the biological conversion route or by separating the CO2 and using the catalytic synthesis processes, it is possible to produce grid quality methane.

itm power plc

2014 REnEwablE chEmistRY REnEwablE chEmistRY

Denmark, like Germany with the Energiewende initiative has made a political commitment to be independent of fossil fuels by 2050. Denmark has already agreed that by 2020 >35% of total energy consumption will be based on renewable energy and 50% of electricity consumption will be supplied by wind.

To achieve this, Denmark recognises that gas is a determinant factor for the storage of energy in an integrated system of electricity, gas and heat; recognising that stored renewable gases such as hydrogen and synthetic methane can be converted to electricity and heat making it possible to balance the grid for periods from hours up to days, weeks and even months.

60% of Danish homes use district heating from combined heat and power (CHP) plants and Denmark has recognised that synthetic methane produced from biogas (sourced from anaerobic digestion and thermal gasification of woody material) and hydrogen from electrolysis as a cost-effective near-term means of storing and using intermittent renewable energy for the production of power and heat as part of the national transition from fossil fuels to 100% renewable energy. As a result, Power-to-Gas and synthetic methane are a primary focus for large scale energy storage in Denmark. R&D and demonstration projects are being supported by the Danish TSO Energinet.dk and the Danish Ministry of Energy into the production and use of hydrogen and synthetic methane.

casE studY: dEnmaRk

renewable gaSeS aS a meanS of renewable energy Storage

REnEwablE chEmistRY

itm power iS leading a ConSortium projeCt to demonStrate the deCarboniSation of fertiliSer produCtion, whiCh iS reSponSible for a material proportion of global greenhouSe gaS emiSSionS. The funding comes from the UK’s innovation agency, the Technology Strategy Board, under its Agri-Tech programme. The project is to design and build a system for the production of renewable fertiliser.

The integrated electrolyser based pilot scale system will be trialled at the UK farm owned by Waitrose. As a responsible retailer, Waitrose always strives to minimise its impact on the environment. Support of sustainable agriculture is one way in which the retailer does this – and the involvement of the retailer’s own farm, Leckford, in this pilot could support this aim by

helping develop a process that could greatly reduce the environmental footprint where fertiliser is used.

With the growing global population increasing demand for foodstuffs, and as less acreage is dedicated to crop cultivation, yields must increase. 50% of current global food production relies on the use of NH3 based fertilisers and is key to increasing yields.

The challenge addressed by this project is the need to drastically reduce the emissions associated with the production of NH3 based fertilisers.

Commercial production of NH3 is a large scale industrial process converting natural gas (or other fossil fuels) into gaseous hydrogen, which is catalytically reacted with nitrogen to form anhydrous liquid NH3. Hydrogen can be produced more simply and more sustainably by the electrolysis of water using renewable electricity – thus decoupling NH3 production from fossil fuels, substantially decarbonising the process, and providing a means of utilising waste CO2 in urea production in line with EU climate action objectives.

pRojEct Renewable chemistry: uREa

paRtnERs


maRkEt

waitrose, technology strategy board

£1.37m

Renewable fertiliser

itm power plc


in 2013, itm power beCame the operator of a hydrogen mini grid loCated at the advanCed manufaCturing parK (amp) in rotherham, whiCh SinCe itS inStallation in 2007 haS never been operational. The Hydrogen Mini Grid (HMG) is a unique facility consisting of a 225kW wind turbine coupled directly to an electrolyser, 200kg of hydrogen storage, a hydrogen dispensing unit and a 30kW fuel cell system capable of providing backup power generation for nearby buildings.

The facility is currently being upgraded as a showcase for ITM Power’s world-class hydrogen generation equipment and will be used to provide retail hydrogen fuel services within the Sheffield City Region.

The facility will also serve to develop ITM Power’s modular commercial platform for hydrogen generation systems, Power-to-Gas and refuelling solutions. The system is designed so that energy from the wind turbine is used to provide power for some of the buildings

on the AMP, with excess energy being used by the electrolyser to generate hydrogen gas. The gas is then compressed and stored ready for dispensing into hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. Particular focus will be on the national hydrogen mobility initiatives being undertaken in countries around the world.

The M1 motorway was highlighted as a key route for the early deployment of hydrogen refuelling in the UK in the published UK H2Mobility Phase 1 Report. The Advanced Manufacturing Park is just two miles from the M1 motorway network and within reach of the large population centres of Sheffield, Rotherham, Barnsley and Doncaster, giving the facility a very large catchment area and providing the perfect positionfor a commercial refuelling station.

The site already has planning permission for hydrogen systems and much of the required infrastructure and groundwork is already in place, which allows for very low set-up costs to install and use ITM Power’s non-invasive hydrogen generation technology.

As the wind turbine is already installed, it allows 100% renewable hydrogen to be produced on the site. This hydrogen is a fundamental chemical building block for a variety of commodity chemicals and fuels including ammonia and synthetic methane for which there are massive world markets.

pRojEct wind hydrogen development platform

paRtnERs


maRkEt

advanced manufacturing park, sheffield university, demontfort university, ups, Rotherham mbc

n/a

Renewable hydrogen

“We are delighted to have been selected as the operator for the HMGS in Rotherham. The site has huge potential and ITM Power is perfectly positioned to realise this potential with our unique technology. Together with our partners, we will be able to use the site as a retail hydrogen fuel station for the area and it will provide a repeatable blueprint for similar systems to be deployed around the world.”

Dr Graham CooleyCEO, ITM Power plc

itm power plc


ITM Power plc22 Atlas WaySheffieldS4 7QQ

T: +44 (0) 114 244 5111W: www.itm-power.com