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Scope To provides information and guidance to transport operators, drivers, loading staff and key stakeholders who are involved in loading on vehicles Objectives: Aims to raise the awareness of and inculcate the basic safety principles that must be followed, and to conduct proper risk assessment for the types of cargo transported.
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Main contractor name – LTI# - Date of incident
GUIDE FOR Safe Loading and unloading on vehicles
Develop by: Associate IIRSM – Technician IOSH- NASP STS/SPS
Ammar HassanPDO site HSE representative HSE Coaching & AssuranceIRCA Global Oman
LOAD RESTRAINT
Main contractor name – LTI# - Date of incidentSafe Loading
Scope• To provides information and guidance to transport
operators, drivers, loading staff and key stakeholders who are involved in loading on vehicles
Objectives:• Aims to raise the awareness of and inculcate the
basic safety principles that must be followed, and to conduct proper risk assessment for the types of cargo transported.
Main contractor name – LTI# - Date of incidentBasic Principles
1. The load in a vehicle must at all times be in no danger to any person in or on the vehicle or on the road.
2. The load carried must at all times be secured totally, so that no danger to any person.
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Main contractor name – LTI# - Date of incident
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Main contractor name – LTI# - Date of incidentA. What is Safe Loading?
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Main contractor name – LTI# - Date of incidentWhat is Safe Loading?
For any type of cargoes, that: Must be contained or secured, and safely
placed in / onto the vehicles Properly & adequately secured on vehicles Shall not cause danger to any persons,
including the driver Shall not cause danger to the public
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Main contractor name – LTI# - Date of incidentWhat is Unsafe Loading?Incidents happened due to unsafe loading:
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Main contractor name – LTI# - Date of incident
What is Unsafe Loading?It means: Inadequately secured cargo could fall off the vehicle
cause traffic congestion and others could be hurt or killed.
Inadequately secured cargo could hurt or kill the driver during strong braking or a crash.
The steering of a vehicle can be affected by how the cargo is distributed and/or secured on the vehicle, making it more difficult to control the vehicle
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Main contractor name – LTI# - Date of incidentTen Commandments for Safe Loading
1. Check the vehicle before loading2. Determine the securing method3. Check the blocking equipment4. Check the securing equipment5. Check the load distribution / Centre of Gravity
as low as possible
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Main contractor name – LTI# - Date of incidentTen Commandments for Safe Loading
6. Check the cargo securing regularly7. Use equipment which supports cargo securing8. Ensure securing arrangements cause no damage
to the goods9. Drive smoothly, avoid sudden turn and heavy
breaking10.Ensure body conditions are fit for driving and/or
working 10
Main contractor name – LTI# - Date of incident
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• The center of gravity is the exact point on which the entire load will balance. For loads of consistent material, this point will always be near the center of the load.
• If a load contains materials with different weights or densities, the load center will be on the side containing the heavy material.
For example: If a pallet contains bricks on one side and pillows on the other, the center of gravity will obviously be closer to the side of the pallet containing the bricks.
• The distance from the edge of the load to the center of gravity is very important. If possible, the load must always be picked up on the side that is closest to the center of gravity. This will keep the load’s weight closer to the loader.
center of gravity
Main contractor name – LTI# - Date of incident
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• If not directly below the hook the load is unstable
• If the sling is free to slide across the hook the center of gravity will shift directly below the hook
• If two slings are used one will assume the greater share of the load
Main contractor name – LTI# - Date of incident
For Safe Loading
General Requirements
Main contractor name – LTI# - Date of incidentVehicles for Different Cargo Loads
1. Different types of vehicles are used according to the types of loads
2. The vehicle must be designed for the load, i.e. anchor points, platform, headboard.
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Main contractor name – LTI# - Date of incidentVehicles for Different Cargo Loads
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Main contractor name – LTI# - Date of incidentHeadboard
1. Able to prevent the horizontal force when loads (e.g. metal bars, beams, pipes, girders, sheet metal, etc.) are liable to penetrate the cab of the vehicle in the event of failure of the securing devices.
2. The top load must not be above the headboard
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Main contractor name – LTI# - Date of incidentTypes of Headboard
Headboard
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Headboard fitted on trailer
Headboard behind cabin
Headboard on lorry
Main contractor name – LTI# - Date of incidentStanchions
1. To provide lateral restrain of the loads
2. Must be extended to the height of the loads
3. Able to resist any outward movement of the loads
4. Sufficient number of stanchions shall be installed, e.g. 20-footer trailer (2 stanchions on each side), 40-footer trailer (4 stanchions on each side)
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Main contractor name – LTI# - Date of incidentAnchorage Points
Anchorage points:
1. Points to hold the securing devices
2. Anchor points shall be provided to suit the type and nature of load
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Main contractor name – LTI# - Date of incidentLoad Securing Equipments
Load Securing Equipments:Securing equipments such as
chains, rope, web, etc. should be considered depending on the type of load
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Main contractor name – LTI# - Date of incident
Lashing / Tie-down
1. To use adequate and proper lashing devices
2. Checked and retightened regularly
3. Tie-down method – Prevention of load movement by friction
4. Direct restraint method – Restrained load movement by containing, blocking and attaching
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Main contractor name – LTI# - Date of incidentStacking / Placement of Cargoes
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1. Cargo placement is stable before applying lashing
2. Disposed uniformly
3. Centre of Gravity as low as possible
4. Every load must be secured or restrained
Main contractor name – LTI# - Date of incident
Stacking / Placement of Cargoes
Stacking / Placement of Cargoes:
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Main contractor name – LTI# - Date of incidentRoles and Responsibility
Main contractor name – LTI# - Date of incidentManagement
1. To ensure that sufficient resources are available
2. To appoint competent persons to carry out the task
3. To ensure that risk assessment is being conducted and approved
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Main contractor name – LTI# - Date of incidentOperation Personals
1. In-charge of operation planning and give instructions to drivers
2. To prepare the risk assessment for each operation
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Main contractor name – LTI# - Date of incident Drivers
1. To check the vehicle and ancillary equipment
2. To take precautions to prevent vehicle movement during loading / unloading
3. To ensure that the cargo is properly loaded
4. To ensure that the load is secured
5. To report all loading issues 27
Main contractor name – LTI# - Date of incidentRISK ASSESSMENT
Main contractor name – LTI# - Date of incidentImportance of Risk Assessment
1. Identifying Hazards Hazards associated with activity
2. Assessing Risks Assess risk level based on severity &
likelihood
3. Prioritizing Controls Determine additional control measures
required to reduce the risk29
Main contractor name – LTI# - Date of incidentRoles of Risk Assessment
The Management and Operation Staff:
1. To equip with knowledge of risk assessment method
2. To recommend appropriate risk assessment for each operation
Driver:
3. To adhere to the established risk assessment to reduce the safety risk
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Main contractor name – LTI# - Date of incidentRisk Assessment Form
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Company: XYP Co. Ltd Conducted by:(Name, designations)(Date)
Mark Man , Operation, Supervisor; Peter lee, Driver01 Jan.2014Process
/Location:Loading of Tyres on Vehicles
Approved by:(Name, designation)(Date)
Ali ,Director01 Dec.2013
Last Review Date
01 Jan. 2014
Next Review Date
01 Dec.2014
Necessary information required on the Risk Assessment Form:
Main contractor name – LTI# - Date of incident
June 2002 32
ONE FIFTH OF WEIGHT UPWARDSRough Roads
Braking
Accelerating, or Reverse braking Cornering
(Both Sides)
LOAD RESTRAINT PRINCIPLES
HALF WEIGHT OF LOAD REARWARDS
HALF WEIGHT OF LOAD SIDEWAYS
FULL WEIGHT OF LOAD FORWARDS
Main contractor name – LTI# - Date of incident
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Pre-move route surveys are mandatory for high and wide loads including rig trailers (with ROP escort further in front).
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Basic requirements for load restraint
A vehicle that is appropriate for each load to be carried shall be selected, taking into consideration characteristics including:
the design and materials of construction of the vehicle;the maximum carrying capacity of the vehicle in relation to the weight
of the load and any mobile equipment (such as forklifts) that will be used on the vehicle for loading
the length, height and width of the vehicle in relation to the load, so that a load can be contained within the vehicle if possible and avoid the need for an escort.
Choice of vehicles
Main contractor name – LTI# - Date of incidentSafe Loading on Vehicles Guidebook
• To download a softcopy of the load restrain presentation
visit website: http://www.slideshare.net/ammar02
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Main contractor name – LTI# - Date of incident
Thank You !
Safety is in Our Hand