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Lesson ReviewDefinition of Enzymes
Properties of Enzymes
• Speeds up chemical reaction• Required in small amounts• Highly specific in action• Work best at their optimum temperature and pH• May need co-enzymes for activity
1. Review Enzyme Definition & Enzyme Action
3. Factors affecting Enzyme Activity
Lesson Objectives
2. Properties of Enzymes
NEW
1. Review Enzyme Definition & Enzyme Action
3. Factors affecting Enzyme Activity
Lesson Objectives
2. Properties of Enzymes
Definition of Enzymes
Enzymes are biological catalysts that alters/speed up the rate of a chemical reaction and remains chemically unchanged at the end of reaction.
Definition of Enzymes
Enzymes are biological catalysts that alters/speed up the rate of a chemical reaction and remains chemically unchanged at the end of reaction.
^
made of proteins
Enzyme in action
+Active sites
Substrates Enzyme+ Enzyme-substrate complex
products
1. Review Enzyme Definition
3. Factors affecting Enzyme Activity
Lesson Objectives
2. Properties of Enzymes
1. Review Enzyme Definition
3. Factors affecting Enzyme Activity
Lesson Objectives
2. Properties of Enzymes
Properties of an enzyme
• Speeds up chemical reaction• Required in small amounts• Highly specific in action• Work best at their optimum temperature
and pH• May need co-enzymes for activity
Properties of an enzyme
• Speeds up chemical reaction• Required in small amounts• Highly specific in action• Work best at their optimum temperature
and pH• May need co-enzymes for activity
Enzymes are Highly Specific In Action
• Each chemical reaction in a cell is catalyzed by unique enzyme(s).
Sucrose SucraseLipid Lipase
Why are enzymes highly specific in action?
We explain enzyme specificity via the Lock & Key Hypothesis
Lock & Key Hypothesis• Presence of Active sites (depressions)• Substrates fit into active site of enzyme• Enzyme = lock; Substrate = key• shape of substrate complementary to
shape of enzyme.
Properties of an enzyme
• Speeds up chemical reaction• Required in small amounts• Highly specific in action• Work best at their optimum temperature
(practical) and pH• May need co-enzymes for activity (FYIO)
Both properties and factors affecting enzymes
1. Review Enzyme Definition
3. Factors affecting Enzyme Activity
Lesson Objectives
2. Properties of Enzymes
1. Review Enzyme Definition
3. Factors affecting Enzyme Activity
Lesson Objectives
2. Properties of Enzymes
What are the factors affecting enzyme activity?
Factors Affecting Enzyme Activity
• Temperature• pH• Enzyme Concentration• Substrate Concentration• Inhibitors (FYIO)
How is enzyme activity affected by temperature?
• http://www.kscience.co.uk/animations/model.swf
http://www.kscience.co.uk/animations/model.swf
Factors Affecting Enzyme Activity
• Temperature• pH• Enzyme Concentration• Substrate Concentration• Inhibitors (FYIO)
How is enzyme activity affected by pH?
How is enzyme activity affected by pH?
• http://www.kscience.co.uk/animations/model.swf
http://www.kscience.co.uk/animations/model.swf
Factors Affecting Enzyme Activity
• Temperature• pH• Enzyme Concentration• Substrate Concentration• Inhibitors (FYIO)
Toothpickase activity
Directions:1. Get into pairs.2. Each pair will receive 70 toothpicks and a
stopwatch. 3. Use 35 toothpicks for part I and 35 toothpicks
for part II.4. 1 person will be the ‘breaker’ the other the
timer. 5. Do only pg 1 & 2 in class…
What can you deduce from the ‘Toothpickase’ activity?
If enzyme concentration increases, number of products form increases.
Questions to think about
1. What if you only had 10 toothpicks for the activity?
2. What happens to the rate of enzymatic reactions at very cold and very high temperatures?
3. What are some of the properties of the enzymes that are found in the human stomach?
Enzyme definition
Summary
Enzymes are biological catalysts made of protein that alters/speed up the rate of a chemical reaction and
remains chemically unchanged at the end of reaction. Properties of EnzymesSpeeds up Small/minute amountsHighly specific in actionWork best at their optimum temperature and pHMay need co-enzymes for activity
Factors affecting Enzyme Activity -Temperature - pH - Substrate Concentration - Enzyme Concentration
Homework
1. Complete ‘Toothpickase’ WS2. 3. Do workbook Ex 3.2 ‘Enzymes’ pg 29-32 by
tomorrow (fri 12th Mar 10). 3. Explore ‘Factors affecting enzyme rate of
reaction’ website http://www.kscience.co.uk/animations/model.swf
4. Read up textbook pg 77-85 to prepare for short quiz next lesson to prepare for quiz when school re-opens.
Next Lesson
Tips for experiment on“Effects of temperature on amylase (enzyme) activity”