Organizational behavior by mos ewees 4

chapter

11ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR

AND MANAGEMENT

By Mostafa Ewees (PhD)Stanford University

CHAPTER 1 Organizational Behavior and Management

Copyright © 2002 Prentice-Hall

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What is an Organization?

An organization is a collection of people who work together to achieve individual and organizational goals.



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What is Organizational Behavior?

Organizational behavior (OB) is the study of factors that affect how individuals and groups act in organizations and how organizations manage their environments.



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Insert Figure 1.1 here



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Insert Figure 1.2 here



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What is Management?

Management is the process of planning, organizing, leading, and controlling an organization’s human, financial, material, and other resources to increase its effectiveness.



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Managerial Roles• Manager: Any person who supervises one or more

subordinates.• Role: A set of behaviors or tasks a person is

expected to perform because of the position he or she holds in a group or organization.

• Managerial roles identified by Mintzberg (see Table 1.1):

Figurehead LeaderLiaison MonitorDisseminator SpokespersonEntrepreneur Disturbance handlerResource allocator Negotiator



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Managerial Skills• Conceptual Skills: The

ability to analyze and diagnose a situation and distinguish between cause and effect.

• Human Skills: The ability to understand, work with, lead, and control the behavior of other people and groups.

• Technical Skills: Job-specific knowledge and techniques.



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Challenges for Organizational Behaviorand Management

Using new information technology to enhance creativity and organizational learning.

Managing human resources to increase competitive advantage.

Developing organizational ethics and well-being.

Managing a diverse work force. Managing the global environment.



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• Information technology: The computer systems and software that organizations use to speed the flow of information around an organization and to better link people and subunits within it.

• Creativity: The decision-making process that produces novel and useful ideas that lead to new or improved goods and services or to improvements in the way they are produced.

Challenge 1:Using New Information Technology to

Enhance Creativity and Organizational Learning



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New Ways to Increase Performance• Reengineering: A complete rethinking and

redesign of business processes to increase efficiency, quality, innovation, or responsiveness to customers.

• Restructuring: Altering an organization’s structure (e.g., by eliminating a department) to streamline the organization’s operations and reduce costs.

• Outsourcing: Acquiring goods or services from sources outside the organization.

• Freelancers: Independent individuals who contract with an organization to perform specific services.



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Challenge 3Developing Organizational Ethics and Well-Being

• Ethics: Rules, beliefs, and values that outline the ways in which managers and workers should behave when confronted with a situation in which their actions may help or harm other people inside of or outside an organization.

• Well-being: The condition of being happy, healthy, and prosperous.

• Social responsibility: An organization’s moral responsibility toward individuals or groups outside the organization that are affected by its actions.



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Diversity Challenges

Decision Makingand

PerformanceFlexibility

Fairnessand

Justice

Business

Organizational behavior by mos ewees 4