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Reaction between metals and non-
metals
Reaction of metals with oxygenMagnesium Very fast Magnesium oxide
(white)
Aluminium Very fast (vigorously)
Aluminium oxide (white)
Zinc Fast Zinc oxide (yellow when hot, white when cool)
Iron Fast Iron oxide (dark brown)
Lead Moderately fast Lead oxide (black)
Tin Slow Tin oxide (black)
Copper slow Copper oxide (black)
Reaction of metals with sulphurMagnesium Very fast Magnesium sulphide
(white)
Aluminium Very fast (vigorously)
Aluminium sulphide (white)
Zinc Fast Zinc sulphide (white)
Iron Fast Iron sulphide (dack grey)
Lead Slow Lead sulphide (black)
Tin Very slow Tin sulphide (black)
Copper Very slow Copper oxide (black)
Silicon Compounds
Silica and silicate
Silicon
ShinyBluish-greyBrittle metalloid with a high melting point
Characteristic Silica Silicate
Solubility in water
Insoluble Insoluble (except sodium
silicate)
Action by heat Do not decompose
Do not decompose
React with acids
No reaction No reaction
React with alkaline
Form silicate salt and water
No reaction
Characteristic
Silica – silicon dioxide
Sand Quartz
Flint – 打火石 /燧石
Silicate – metal silicate
Clay – aluminium silicate Mica – potassium aluminium silicate
Silicate – metal silicate
asbestos – calcium silicate +magnesium silicate
Feldspar – potassium aluminium silicate + sodium aluminium silicate
Silicate – metal silicate
Silica gel Sodium silicate
Coloured silicate
Topaz – 黃晶 Jade
Coloured silicate
Ruby
A reactive metal Does not exist in pure form in nature
Combine with other elements to form carbonate
Calcium compounds
Calcium compounds
Lime stone Marble
Calcium compounds
Sea shell Corals
Calcium compounds
Stalactites Stalagmites
Calcium compounds
Compound consists of calcium, carbon and oxygen
Does not dissolve in water React with acids to form calcium salt, water and carbon dioxide
Decompose on strong heating to form calcium oxide(quiclime 生石灰 ) and carbon dioxide
Properties of Calcium carbonates
Calcium oxide dissolves a little water to form calcium hydroxide (slaked lime 熟石灰 )
- plenty of heat is released - a hissing sound is produced - effervescence( 起泡 ) occurs - calcium oxid swells and break up
Properties of Calcium carbonates
Solid calcium hydroxide dissolves in water to form calcium hydroxide solution (lime water)
Lime water react with carbon dioxide to form calcium carbonate and water (lime water turns chalky)
Properties of Calcium carbonates
Calcium compounds
Properties Uses
Calcium carbonate
-Insoluble-React with acid to produce salt, water and carbon dioxide
-make antacids and pills-make cement-marble table
Calcium oxide
-a white solid-does not melt when heated-react vigorously with water
-make plaster-drying agent-calcium carbide ( 碳化物)
Calcium hydroxide
-is alkaline-turns red litmus paper blue
-neutralise acidic soil-make soda lime
Uses of calcium compounds