Upload
rockys11
View
896
Download
2
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Citation preview
Effective Online Video Productionand Distribution
Renee Basick
Matt Howard
Introductions• Matt Howard
– Director, Chicago Media Initiatives Group, University of Chicago
– Background in academic publishing, online learning, web production, blogging, podcasting
• Renee Basick– Senior Producer, Chicago Media Initiatives Group– Background in broadcast and new media journalism;
design, web development, video production• CMIG
– Initiative of our Provost’s Office– Consult on new media and communications strategy
Overview
I. Producing Video for the Web
II. Recording Audio for the Web
III. Distributing Your Content
I. Producing Video for the Web
Producing Video for the Web
• Promotional videos
• Video news releases
• Event recordings
• Podcasts
• Multi-purposing content
Promotional Videos• 3-10 minutes in length• Creative brief and script
– Target audience: prospective students• Lively, energetic, young• Music drops• Fast edits, handheld camera
• High-level skills for shooting and editing• Lot of b-roll• Distribution: Web, DVD, iPod• Examples: MIT Sloan (shot by students), Ithaca College
(shot by students) – http://mitsloan.mit.edu/mba/experience/video.php– http://www.ithaca.edu/tour/park.php?see=video
Video News Releases
• 90 second spot• Scripted with voice-over talent• Inverted pyramid structure
– E.g., following press release
• Lots of b-roll– Visual grammar
• Distribution on local news affiliates (e.g., ABC)• Example
– http://tiktaalik.uchicago.edu/video.html– http://www.sciencentral.com/
Event Recordings
• 1-2 hours in length• Low-level skills for shooting and editing
– Single camera, basic lighting, simple edit• Distribution: Web, DVD, public radio, public
access television, podcast (for series)• Examples: lecture series such as Poem Present
– http://poempresent.uchicago.edu
Podcasts
• Regular, scheduled communications– Once per week, per month– Set and meet your stakeholder expectations
• Focused communication• Audio or Video• Low to mid level skills• Example: lecture series, class discussions,
student audio journals (e.g., peer-to-peer outreach for prospective students)
Multi-purposing Media• Find opportunities to shoot for multiple audiences
– E.g. Research at Chicago videos primarily for alumni, news media, industry, and secondarily prospective students
– Shoot enough footage to edit for different purposes• Example: Tiktaalik video news release (for media) and fossil
preparator video (for students)• Tailor your edits and messages for stakeholder
• Interviews– Ask questions of subject for multiple purposes
• E.g., Nobel Prize winner talking about research (for industry) can also answer questions about teaching (for prospective students) in same sitting
Shooting Video for Multiple Uses
• Multi-purposing Media
• DV: Online vs. Broadcast
• Shooting Video for the Web
• Shooting for the (Very) Small Screen
• Lighting, Editing, Graphics, Compression
Multi-purposing mediaScale-down, not up.
Some delivery options are:•Web (streaming or download) •Broadcast (probably SD)•Projection (SD or HD)•DVD (home player or computer)•Video iPod or other handheld player
DV: online vs. broadcast
The biggest difference is
COMPRESSION.
Traditionally, this meant, you should:• Shoot differently• Edit differently •Think differently
(That is, until bandwidth caught up with your ambition.)
Web = Broadcast?
Advanced codecs +
increased bandwidth =
Higher quality video=
You can shoot once for bothOnline and broadcast output(and everything in between).
Shooting video for the web
Online video• 16:9 is sexy• Over-saturate color!• What? Make it louder• Make whites whiter• Fun with titles• Use the entire screen
Broadcast• 4:3 is standard• Broadcast-safe chroma• DV = -12dB • Broadcast-safe levels• Title-safe• Action-safe
Quality is key
High quality video will compress cleanly and broadcast well so always start with the best possible source video.
So, should you shoot HD or SD?
The future of resolution…
…is high definition.
• Analog “switch-off” of broadcast signals in the U.S. will be February 17, 2009
• 61.3 - 68% of "active U.S. Internet users” connect at home using broadband(2006 Nielsen/NetRatings)
• The rise of IPTV: 1,300 free channels (as of 06/06) and…HD IPTV.
SHOOT HD.(Don’t be afraid of equipment costs.)
SD set-up:Panasonic DVX100B
$3995.00
MiniDV tapes
$10/ea
Real-time capture
$/hour
HD set-up:Panasonic HVX200
$5199.00
P2 card (incl. w/ camera)
$0
Drag-and-drop
Priceless
So…what do you need?
Necessities• Camera
• Tripod
• Microphone set-up
• Lights
• WarmCards
• Headphones
• Editing work-station
• Software
Luxuries• Field mixer
• CRT Monitor
• Deck (if using tape)
• Lights
• Dolly
• Gels/window patterns/back drops
• External hard drive(s)
• Graphics software
• DVD duplicator/printer
Recommendations:On a (tight) budget
Panasonic DVX100 $3999.00Cartoni Action-Pro Tripod $699.95Audio-Technica wireless mic $560.75Sony studio headphones $46.50Smith-Victor Light kit (3) $211.95Vortex Media WarmCards $91.00
Apple Mac Pro $2,948.00 Final Cut Express HD 3.5 $149.00
TOTAL = $8,706.15
Ideal set-upPanasonic HVX200 $5199.00Bogen/Manfrotto Tripod & dolly $875.Bogen/Manfrotto leveling head $61.10Audio-Technica wireless mic $560.75Sony studio headphones $78.50
Arri light kit (3) $1,789.95 Vortex Media WarmCards $91.00
Apple Mac Pro $3,783.00 Final Cut Studio $699.00 Sorenson Squeeze $239.00
TOTAL = $13,376.30
Shooting for the (very) small screen
Minimize visual complexityPay attention to color, pattern, light and arrangement of subjects for the cleanest possible compression.Avoid:• Glare• Tight patterns on clothing
(i.e. houndstooth, plaid, stripes)• Bright white, pure black• Busy or moving background• Wearing same color as the background• Gratuitous camera movement
Lighting to make your subject look good
(and you!)
1. Light evenly. Harsh shadows do not compress well.
2. Use a 3 light set-up:
• Key – Primary light source
• Fill – Secondary light source used to fill shadows
• Hair/rim – Backlight used to separate subject from the background
Lighting set-up example:
http://www.arri.com/infodown/light/broch/arri_lighting_handbook_english.pdf
Editing
Here are some simple suggestions if your primary delivery is via web or other small-screen format:– Don’t use graphical wipes—they do not compress
particularly well at low data rates.
– Edit out camera movement as much as possible (without creating jump-cuts).
– Avoid complicated animations and graphics.
– Do not use a lot of text at small font sizes.
Overall lengthFactors to keep in mind:• Type of content
– Interview– Lecture– Promotional
• Viewer attention span– Lecture: 20 minutes average, 70% listened to entire lecture
(WGBH/Boston Forum Network, August 2005)
– Online ads: 21 seconds (Online Publishers Association study, February 2006)
– Other content: About 2-5 minutes
• Hard drive space– HD 1g per 1 minute of video– SD 1g per 3 minutes of video
Great graphics
General tips for title bars (lower third keys), informational graphics, titling
• Short, succinct phrases• Simple, colorful• Repeat information being stated• Do not offer new info while speaker is talking
about another topic• Watch title-safe guides!
Importing Graphics
Photoshop CS offers support for DV graphics. This important because:– Pixel shape/aspect ratio
DV = non-square, Computer = square
• This causes distortion when importing to FCP
How to avoid distortion…
1. Open Photoshop CS
2. Open a new project and select a DV format
3. Open your image
4. Copy your image into the new DV project
5. Flatten it
6. Save
7. Import into FCP
Title bars
• No small caps• Anti-alias type• Apple Motion--great lower third keys• San-serif usually easier to read • Use whole numbers for font size• Rotate information instead of trying to
squeeze too much on one slide• Leave on screen for 10 seconds
FAQ: include Q&A?
YES• Audience amplified• Speaker repeats Q• As substantial as
the lecture in length or content
• Discussion format• Important audience
members
NO• Can’t hear Q• Off topic• Not interesting• Need to limit overall
length• Delivery method =
broadcast
Compression (A fine art)
Software packages:Sorenson Squeeze $239• Fast, high-quality results• $ extra for Windows Media & Flash • Inlcudes iPod presetsAutodesk Cleaner (formally Discreet) $175• Inlcudes WM and Flash• Robust metadata fieldsCompressor 2 (Final Cut Pro) $0• Fewer options• Compatible with DVD Studio Pro (Dolby AC-3 audio)• Poorer compression at lower data rates
Which formats?
It depends on your mode of delivery.
• Streaming vs. progressive download vs. download
• Podcast
• iPod compatibility
• Embedded in website vs. player
• What about Flash?
The skinny on codecs
• QuickTime– Progressive Download– iPod
• Mpeg-4
• Windows Media– No progressive download
• Real
• Flash
Compromise
How do you determine the ideal balance?
• Size• Bandwidth• Quality
Solutions• Alternative data rates
Making your video findable
• Searchable video is key to getting the most value out of your content.
• Search engines are indexing video content.– Metadata– Transcript
• Which standards, format, software?– QuickTime– Windows Media– Flash 8
II. Recording Audio for the Web
Recording audio(The ear does not forgive!)
• Record audio that can stand alone– Are there slides?– Is it discussion-based or lecture format?– Are there demonstrations?
• Record broadcast-quality– More and more public broadcasting outlets
are looking for academic content to include in regular programming.
– Sound bites for news
What you will need:
Equipment• Recorder
• Microphone(s)
• Software
Recommendations• Marantz professional
solid-state recorder• Audio-Technica
wireless microphone
• Sound Forge, Adobe Audition, Apple Soundtrack, Audacity etc…
Some options…
• Wireless vs. Wired
• House sound?
• Microphone types – Pick-up patterns:– Omnidirectional– Bi-directional– Unidirectional– Shotgun
The outdoor audio challenge
Obstacle: BACKGROUND NOISE!– Wind– Cars/trucks/traffic– People (and their pets)– Clothes rustling
Solutions:• Use a “woolly”• Have someone “run interference”• Mic placement: sternum• Test, test, test, test
Tips & Tricks
Recording• Get room tone• Record 3x closer to
subject than any “reflective” surface
• Use good headphones
• Do not peak—keep monitor at -12dB
Editing• Edit out coughs, hic-
ups and noise (even when there’s video!)
• Use waveforms• Crossfade• Extend abrupt edits
with roomtone• 911 filters
III. Distributing Your Content
Distributing Your Content
• Viral Marketing– Case Study: Research at Chicago
• Content Sharing Relationships
• Reaching Public Audiences
• Reaching Professional Audiences
• Pulling together a cohesive communication whole– Case Study: Mind Online
Viral Marketing (WOM)
• Word of Mouth (WOM) Marketing– Enable access across connected devices:
• RSS feeds (podcast, vodcast)• iPod compatible video• Blogs• Social bookmarks• Email
• Develop and launch marketing campaigns that are “immersive” (print, email, web, iPod, mobile).
Case Study: Research at Chicago
• Collaborated with our VP for Research to create “Research at Chicago” Web site in 2003
• Interviewed over 30 faculty; video interviews and post-production
• Offer podcast and vodcast feeds• Integrated with other campus projects (News
Office, Mind Online alumni project)• http://research.uchicago.edu/highlights• In process of adding social bookmarks
Content Sharing Relationships
• How to extend the life of your content?– Create once, distribute infinitely– Immersion
• Viral marketing– YouTube, Google Video, iFilm, Ziddio
• Broadcast distribution:– Annenberg– ResearchChannel (http://www.researchchannel.org)
– University Channel (http://uc.princeton.edu/main)
– Public/cable Access television, PBS– Public radio
Reaching Public Audiences
• Public access television
• Museum kiosks
• Television news
• K-12 Classrooms
• Community centers
• Web, podcasts, vodcasts
Reaching Professional Audiences
• State and Municipal Forums
• NSF / NIH program officers
• National / regional association meetings
• Publishers
• Web, podcasts, vodcasts
Building Tools for Campus-wide Use
• Central feeds site
– http://feeds.uchicago.edu
• Central video repository
– http://mindonline.uchicago.edu
• Links from homepage
Case Study: Mind Online
• Collaboration with Alumni Association http://mindonline.uchicago.edu
• a Web portal of samples (audio, video, writings) from the University's intellectual life
• Automatically produces RSS feed
Thanks!
Matt [email protected]
773-702-5071
Renee [email protected]
773-834-7955
http://cmig.uchicago.eduhttp://research.uchicago.edu/highlights