strukt -A Pattern System for Integrating Individual and Organizational Knowledge Work

Ansgar ScherpDaniel Eißing

Steffen Staab

scherp@uni-koblenz.de

ISWC, Bonn, Germany

October 26, 2011

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Scenario: Architectural Office

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Goal and Approach Goal

Software system for planning weakly structured

workflows and

integrating them with structured workflows

Solution approach

Integration by means of a core ontology

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Organizational Knowledge Work

Knowledge from the point of view of the organization

Business process modeling [Stahlknecht & Hasenkamp ’04]

Goal: make implicit procedural knowledge explicit

Optimizing processes by means of analysis and

planning

Business process [Hammer & Champy ‘03], [Abts & Mülder ’11]

Targeted chain of organizational activities

Defined start/end, measurable input/output

Added value to the customers

Structured workflows

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Individual Knowledge Work

Knowledge from the point of view of the worker

Characteristics [Schwarz et al. 2001]

Dynamic (ad-hoc), complexity, self-organization,

interdisciplinary and communication-oriented,

intervals between repetitions

Not ammenable to explicit planning

Repeating elements that are worth to capture

Weakly structured workflows

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Workflow Models and InstancesWorkflow model defines

Activities, alternatives, and participating roles

Workflow instantiation is the execution under

Consideration of current workflow parameters[Schwarz et al. 2001]

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Requirementsa) Weakly structured

workflows (WsW)

b) Structured Workflows

(SW)

c) Integration of WsW

and SW

d) Models & Instances

e) Tools & Planning of

WsW

(1) Weakly Structured

Workflow Pattern

(2) Structured Workflow &

(3) Transition Pattern

(4) Workflow Integration

Pattern

(5) Workflow Model Pattern

(6) Condition Pattern

(7) Resource Pattern

(8) Status Pattern

(9) Scheduling Pattern

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Challenges Adaptation of workflow instances at runtime

Without the need to adapt the workflow model

Abstract workflow instances to workflow models

Put workflow instances into context

Reification

Descriptions & Situations (DnS) patternprovided by DOLCE

Defines context by means of concepts (roles)

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DnS Example: Building Application

Description defines roles

StructuralEngineer

ComputeStatics

CreateGroundplan

…

Situation defines objects

tmueller-1 : NaturalPerson

a-compute-statics-1 : Action

a-create-groundplan-1 : Action

…

DnS pattern

Clear separation of workflow

models and workflow instances

Applicable to structured workflows

and weakly structured workflows

Ontology design patterns of base on DnS

Source: info-bauntrag.de

classifies

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Execution of „Planning a building construction“

Example: Structured Workflow

Structured Workflow Pattern + Transition Pattern

Prepare

Application

File

Application …

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Social roles of

the entities

Entities of the

real world

Example: Structured Workflow Execution of „Planning a building construction“

Structured Workflow Pattern + Transition Pattern

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Example: Structured Workflow Integration with weakly structured workflow

Workflow Integration Pattern

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Example: Weakly Structured Workflow

Activities for preparing a building application using the

Weakly Structured Workflow Pattern

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Axiomatization in Description Logics

Consistency checking at design time

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Related Work of

Further: KBPI [Dalmaris et al. 2007], KMDL [Gronau et al. 2008],

sEPK + sBPMN [Hepp et al. 2006], and KMO [Holsapple u. Joshi 2004]

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Prototype

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Summary / Discussions Young Talent Award of the Knowledge

Management Group Karlsruhe, Germany

Thank you for your attention!

Why not a more light-weight solution?

Looking for a good solution, not minimalistic one

Probably possible to do it more light-weight

Is this really a pattern-based ontology?

Pattern: generic solution to recurring problem

Pattern system: set of patterns related to each

other and designed to be applied together