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Presentation delivered during the URBACT Training for Elected Representatives Seminar 1 (8-10 April 2013, Brussels) "Integration. How to break silos and develop integrated and place-based solutions that cross the boundaries of government bodies, disciplines, or municipal borders?" Read more here - http://urbact.eu/en/news-and-events/urbact-events/training-for-elected-representatives/
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Tools for problem indentification and analysis
Problem tree analysis
• Identifying problems, their causes, their roots
• In a collaborative setting
• Designing solutions and objectives
• There are alternative methods
Title of presentation I Wednesday 14 December 2011 I Page 3
Title of presentation I Wednesday 14 December 2011 I Page 5
Step 1 - Formulate the problems
Group brainstorm
Participants should discuss and try and agree on one focal problem.
Step 2: Elaborate the problem tree
Identify the causes of the focal problem – the roots of the Tree –
…. and then identify the consequences – which become the branches.
The heart of the exercise is the discussion, debate and dialogue
Exercise: Make a problem tree, in groups
Core Problem: A very high % of unemployed migrants in one city quarter
The discussion group has the following members:
1. School teacher
2. Owner of a large multinational company
3. Unemployed immigrant
4. Director of the cities’ employment office
5. Owner of a small retail shop in the area
6. Social worker
7. xxx
Create a problem tree. You have about 30 minutes!!!
Discussion issues:
Which causes and consequences are getting better, which are getting worse and which are staying the same?
What are the most serious consequences?
Which causes are easiest / most difficult to address?
Where could a policy change help address a cause or consequence?
From problems to solutions
A solution (also called objectives) tree is developed by reversing the negative statements that form the problem tree into positive ones.
Title of presentation I Wednesday 14 December 2011 I Page 12
From solutions to objectives
"Objectives are statements of specific outcomes that are to be achieved”
Example: “more people going to work by bike”
SMART:
Specific
Measurable
Attainable
Relevant
Time-bound
(Evaluate)
(Re-evaluate)
Title of presentation I Wednesday 14 December 2011 I Page 13
Solutions to objectives
Prioritisation Grid
Impact
Feasibility
Low High
Lo
wH
igh
Exercise
Make a solutions tree
If your group is fast:
Turn solutions into objectives
Put them in the prioritization grid
Advantages of the Problem Tree
The problem can be broken down, which helps to prioritize and focus objectives;
Better understanding of the problem and its causes
It can help establish whether further information, evidence or resources are needed to make a strong case, or build a convincing solution;
The process of analysis helps build a shared sense of understanding, purpose and action.
Questions
What are the 3 key lessons from the seminar that you could apply in your city
How and what will you report back to your local support group
Title of presentation I Wednesday 14 December 2011 I Page 18