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The transportation of wine is a very important part of
exporting. This is because wine is perishable. The
transportation of wine over long distances can be expensive and risky.
The earliest wine was most likely transported
in animal skins and bladders. Though these
containers have not survived, the materials
would have been available for carrying and
transporting small amounts of wine.
A typical amphora is quite thick,
approximately one inch and made out of clay. It has a pointed tip which allows it to be
buried into the ground to secure it during
storage or transportation.
The dolium is a large clay jar made by the
Romans. It was used fro storage shipping and
aging wines. It would be buried up to its neck
under the surface.
Traditionally barrels are made from oak. But back
when they were first created they were made
from pine. By around 400AD barrels were the most
common container used for storage and
transportation and the use if amphorae was unheard of.
Wine bottles starting
being used in the mid to
late 1600s. When the
bottle is sealed off with
a cork it allowed for long
term aging of wines.
Now more commonly
used are screw cap lids
There are three main ways to
transport bulk shipments of wine.
• In bottles
• An ISO tank
• A flexi tank
The wine can be bottled at a
bottling plant, boxed in cases
and packed into a large container.
The container can then be
transported by truck to a port and
can be exported overseas.
ISO tanks are stainless reusable tanks that can fit
directly onto a standard sized truck. This means that
they can be transferred very easily to rail or sea
transport. They can hold a maximum of 26,000 litres
of wine.
Flexitanks are containers that are fitted with an inflatable bag.
The bags are disposable and are only to be used once. Flexitanks
can come in a range of sizes the largest can hold a maximum of
24,000 litres.
Flexitanks
• Low oxygen migration.
• Protects against organic materials.
that can taint wines.
• Range of sizes.
• Cheaper to operate over ISO
tanks.
• Flexitanks can be damaged easier.
• Disposable plastic bags.
ISO tanks
• Reusable.
• Can hold more than flexitanks.
• Stainless steel will not contaminate
the wine.
• Very robust
• It is cheaper to transport a flexi tank or ISO tank than it is to
transport a container of bottled wines.
• Damage to bottles and labels is reduced when the
product is filled closer to the destination point.
• The shelf life of the wine is extended when shipping as
unbottled bulk wine.
• By bottling at the point of arrival they have flexibility when
it comes to labelling.
• Oxidation• Re-fermentation• Contamination• Taints• Temperature
• Estreicher, S. (2004, May). Wine - the past 7,400 years. Retrieved from
http://www1.mpi-halle.mpg.de/~md_simul/data/special-data/wine-history.pdf
• Forde, M., & Shrewsbury, C. (n.d.). The benefits of importing wine in bulk.
Retrieved from
http://www.transoceanbulk.com/Uploads/CaseStudy/TOD_7_Case Study - The
benefits of importing wine in bulk.pdf
• Hartley, A. (2008, May). Bulk shipping of wine and its implications for product
quality. Retrieved from http://www.wrap.org.uk/sites/files/wrap/Bulk shipping
& wine quality Ma'y08.pdf
• T, G. (2009, October 5). A history of wine. Retrieved from
http://www.snooth.com/articles/a-history-of-wine/
• T, G. (2009, November 2). The history of wine part 2 - wine storage - the early
days. Retrieved from http://www.snooth.com/articles/the-history-of-wine-part-
ii-wine-storage-the-early-days/?viewall=1
• T, G. (2009, November 9). The history of wine part 3 - wine storage - barrels.
Retrieved from http://www.snooth.com/articles/the-history-of-wine-part-ii-
wine-storage-barrels/