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Vegetable Breeding Research Activities by BRAC

-Presented by Dr. S. C. Biswas

Program Specialist BARDC, Gazipur

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Issues & Challenges 1. Land & water resources are shrinking2. Longer crop duration & productivity is still very

low in many crops3. Productive agricultural land is still under less

productive seeds & production cost is rising rapidly

4. Heavy dependence on monsoon & optimum weather conditions

5. Comprehensive agricultural policies are inadequate

6. Combined effort of public & private sector in agriculture is still lacking.

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Main Strong Points of Veg. Industry Sector in Bangladesh

Large domestic marketDiversity of production in kind & varietyAvailability of delicious varietiesAbundant labour force which also facilitates processing sectorSuitable marketing policy which encourages production & consumptionGood cooperation with other countriesInternational technical assistance

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Main Weak Points of Veg. Sector in Bangladesh

Too small size and scattered plots, asynchronous implementation of technology in production & post harvestToo many traditional varieties are plantedQuality: Not good in appearance in many cases, lack of uniformityQuantity: Not large enough for processing factories & regularly export Higher production cost & low competitive productionUse of backward technology

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Sir Fazle Hasan AbedFounder & Chairperson

BRAC is the largest NGO in the world and working in almost all development sectors in Bangladesh and 11 Asian and African countries.

Establishment: 1972Staff: 93,234Male: 41% Female: 59%

BRAC at a glance

Major Development Interventions: AgricultureMicrofinanceHealthEducationWASHCommunity Empowerment

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o Research and Development o Seed Production and Marketingo Technology Disseminationo Biodiversity Conservation

Major Components of BRAC Agriculture Program

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BRAC, its Agriculture program and contribution in Vegetable Sector

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Objectives To provide food security and adequate

nutrition to the small and low income groups. Generating income opportunities to increase

the purchasing power of the poor people. Eradication of poverty and ensuring nutritional

security. Reducing dependency for quality seeds on

foreign companies and saving foreign money. Ensuring the supply of quality seeds to the

farmers in proper time and facilitating commercial agriculture.

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ActivitiesA. Variety Screening (Cucumber, Radish,

Cauliflower, Cabbage, Tomato, Knol khol, Hot pepper, Sunflower, Forage etc.)

B. Variety Development (Bottle gourd, Pumpkin, Ridge gourd, Ash gourd etc.)

C. Generation of New Technologies (Veg. cultivation in protected environment, Seed production techniques in cauliflower & broccoli, Cloning in teasel Gourd, Pickles from Elephant Foot Yam)

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Research Strategy SettingA.Through critical survey in the

commercial growing areasB. By making survey in the fresh

vegetable marketC. In compliance with Govt. policy

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List of Commercial Growing Areas of Some Common Vegetables of B.D (market survey report)

Sl.no Crop Growing Areas1. Okra Ramgoti (Noakhali), Hazirhat (Noakhali), Iswardi, Natore,

Rajshahi, Chittagong, Habiganj2. Bitter gourd Thakurgaon, Birganj, Dinajpur, Sreepur, Chitolmari(Bagerhat),

Jajira(Shariatpur), Mymensingh, Meherpur, Poba (Rajshahi)

3. Pumpkin Thakurgaon, Jiban nagar(Chuadanga), Chuadanga (Sadar), Natore, Dinajpur, Jhikorgacha, Hossainpur (Kishoreganj)

4. Ridge gourd Narsingdi, Madhobdi, Habiganj5. Ash gourd Hossainpur (Kishoreganj), Meherpur Sadar, Habiganj, Narsingdi

6. Brinjal Jessore, Mymensingh, Narsingdi, Dinajpur, Natore, Rajshahi, Hossainpur (Kishoreganj)

7. Bottle gourd Poba, Savar, Jessore, Narsingdi, Jamalpur, Gournadi8. Snake gourd Narsingdi, madhobdi, Mirersarai, Khagrachori,9. Summer tomato Dadpur (Jessore), Jhikor gacha (Jessore), Dinajpur10. Summer country bean Jessore, Ishawrdi, Muladole

11. Summer Radish Habiganj, Bogra, Joypurhat12. Cucumber Phulpur(Mymensingh), Birganj, Thakurgaon, Kalai (Joypurhat),

Jessore, Hobiganj, Jamalpur, Rajshahi, Chittagong, Sherpur13. YLB Hobiganj, Ishwardi, Mirer sarai, Poba, Jiban nagar, Mokamtola,

Joypurhat14. Tomato Jessore, Godagari (Rajshahi), Mymensingh Sadar, Chuadanga,

Jajira, Comilla, Dinajpur

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Month wise price list pattern (per Kg) of some common vegetable in Bangladesh (Nov’12 - Oct’13)Name of

CropsJan`2013

Feb`2013

Mar`2013

April`2013

May`2013

Jun`2013

July`2013

Aug`2013

Sep`2013

Oct`2013

Nov’2012

Dec’2012

Ash gourd - - 31.60 21.50 14.80 18.70 18.25 15.00 18.70 25.00 19.50 -

Bottle gourd 31.80 29.00 20.50 17.20 15.80 20.50 24.00 18.75 27.50 27.50 12.60 26.50Brinjal 37.80 36.00 23.75 29.00 31.60 39.50 46.75 43.75 41.00 39.20 25.80 27.25

Cabbage 22.40 13.75 12.00 13.33 20.00 40.00 - 35.60 36.70 33.70 29.30 17.25Cauliflower 30.40 17.50 10.00 - 60.00 - - 60.00 90.00 63.70 31.60 24.75

Cor. leaf 35.80 20.00 35.50 65.00 94.00 123.70 185.00 126.20 175.00 217.50 76.60 59.25

Country bean 37.80 32.25 25.00 27.30 - 32.00 172.50* 86.25 65.00 53.70 24.80 28.40

Cucumber 47.00 67.50 24.50 13.00 18.00 21.00 37.50 26.00 33.70 34.20 26.60 37.50

Hot pepper 72.50 77.50 48.75 33.00 42.40 47.50 107.50 72.50 54.20 92.50 45.00 41.25

Okra - 73.30 43.75 23.70 20.70 20.60 31.75 31.25 40.00 39.20 28.30 -

Pumpkin 22.40 23.00 22.50 18.70 16.00 19.20 20.00 33.75 24.60 26.70 27.60 37.50

Radish 20.00 15.00 - 28.33 25.00 27.30 30.00 31.75 35.60 28.00 13.00 16.25

Ridge gourd - - 57.50 40.00 27.80 34.20 35.28 34.30 42.00 41.20 30.00 -

Sn. gourd - - 42.30 33.75 25.00 26.20 31.25 30.75 35.20 38.00 27.30 -

Sp. gourd - - - 40.00 25.60 26.00 27.75 26.25 29.20 35.50 25.00 -

Tomato 43.00 20.50 14.25 17.70 23.40 36.00 115.00 101.25 78.70 93.70 76.60 63.00

Y.L.Bean - 100.00 58.75 36.20 28.40 31.00 32.50 34.50 41.20 48.70 19.50 -

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BRAC- AVRDC Collaborative Research

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Sl no

Variety

Source Days to (DAT) Total no of harves-ting

Dura-tion (Days)

Wt. fruit (gm)

Yield /acre (Mt)

Other characters

Remarks

Fruit shape, skin colour, No. of locules, Taste

1st flowe-ring

1st harves-ting

Final harve-sting

1 AVTO 1252

AVRDC 21 76 141 21 166 97.20 21.53 High round, Red, Four, Good

Best performing AVRDC variety

2 AVTO 1316

AVRDC 23 76 140 21 165 100.60 16.66 Round, Red, Four, Good

Better than AVRDC other variety AVTO 1317

3 AVTO 1317

AVRDC 24 76 141 22 166 120.00 14.91 Round, Red, Four, Good

Lower yield than other 2 AVRDC varieties but were preferred for other traits

4 Sabal Synge-nta

23 76 139 20 164 88.2 10.05 Slightly flattened, Red, Five, Good

Not suitable for this season

5 Mintu super

Lal teer 23 78 139 19 164 97.20 8.42 Slightly flattened, Red, Five, Good

Not suitable for this season

F1 hybrid evaluation report of AVRDC tomato materialsLocation: BRAC Agricultural Research and Development CenterSeason: Extra Early Rabi SeasonS.D= 07.08.13 T.D= 31.08.13

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Crop Wise Variety Screening Report ( Extra early season Tomato)Test location: BARDC Gazipur

Year: 2014-15

Sl. No. Crop Variety SourceTest sea-son

Seeding/

Planting

date

Days to

Total No. of

harvesting/ Picki

ng

Dura-tion

(days)

Wt (gm/F,C

,H)

Yield (MT/ac)

Other characters ( Fruit shape, Fruit color, No of locules,

Taste)

Remarks (Reaction to diseases &

insects, Population uniformity

etc.)

Comments (Promising/Retrial/Reje

ct)

1st F(FF/F/R/C/

H) startin

g

1st Harves-ting

final Harvesting

1

Tomato

Tom 20Advan-

ta 

Early

Rabi'2014-15

SD= 23.08.14 TD= 25.09

.14

16 86 127 7 161 84 13.54 High round, Red, 2, Normal

Virus incidence 0.0%

Imported seed sample

2 AVTO 1252

AVRDC

17 83 126 8 160 86 9.03 High round, Red, 4, Normal

Virus incidence 8.33%

Imported sample

3 AVTO 1316 16 83 127 8 161 95 15.26 Round, Red, 2,

NormalVirus incidence

0.0% Highest Yield

4 AVTO 1317 16 82 127 8 161 67 15.05 Round, Red, 4,

NormalVirus incidence

0.0% 3rd highest yield

5 Unna-yan Lalteer 15 83 117 7 151 62 6.36 Round, Red, 2,

NormalVirus incidence

8.33% Check variety

Legend: F (FF/F/R/C/H)= First (Female Flower/ Fruit/ Root/ Card/ Head); /F,C,H= Fruit, Card, Head

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F1 Hybrid Tomato (AVTO 1252)• Characteristics:

Semi indeterminate and extra early type hybrid (August planting).

Very strong robust plant with excellent fruit bearing.

Fruits are apple shaped and have shining red color.

Average fruit weight 65-80g . Fruit harvest starts from 75-76

days after transplanting & harvesting can be continued up to 3 months.

Fruits are fleshy, tasty & firm; suitable for distant transportation.

Tolerant to virus disease. Yield per acre-21-20 MT (almost

double than variety ‘Sabol’).

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Record of AVRDC Summer Tomato Lines (2014-15)Sl No.

Name of Entry/ Line Status Unit plot area (Square meter)

Amount of seed (g)

Remarks

A. Parent seed multiplcation

01 AVTO (A) Parent 25.62 285 Seeds of the supplied parents of summer hybrids have been increased.

02 AVTO (B) Parent 8.12 80

03 AVTO (C) Parent 20.62 195

04 AVTO (D) Parent 24.36 370

B. List of summer hybrid

01 AVTO (A) X AVTO (B) F1 Hybrid 8.54 122 F1 seeds of summer hybrids have been produced at BARDC for their evaluation in the following summer season.

02 AVTO (C) X AVTO (D) F1 Hybrid 4.27 42

03 AVTO (E) X AVTO (F) F1 Hybrid 2.15 20

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F1 Hybrid Tomato (AVRDC) (2013)• Characteristics: It is semi indeterminate and early type

hybrid. Very strong robust plant with excellent

fruit bearing. Fruits are round shaped and have

attractive red color. Average fruit weight 100-120g . Fruit harvest starts from 45-46 days

after transplanting. Fruits are fleshy, tasty & very firm;

suitable for distant transportation. Tolerant to virus diseases. Yield- 35-36mt/acre.

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Characteristics of BRTOM-3 (2014)

1 This hybrid is the product of AVRDC materials.

2 First flower opens at 15 DAT.

3 First harvesting starts at 65 DAT.

4 Almost round shaped fruit with standard size.

5 Average fruit wt is 80 gm.

6 No. of fruits/Kg is 12-13.

7 TSS value was observed 4 in ripened fruit.

8 Crop duration is 120 days .

9 Yield 37.45 Mt/acre.

10 No virus disease was observed in this advance line.

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F1 Hybrid Tomato (Own Research Product)

• This hybrid is the product of AVRDC materials.

• High yielding & virus tolerant.

• Plum shaped fruit and has good firmness.

• Prolific bearing and fruit wt./ fruit-80-85gm.

• Yield per acre-29-30 mt.

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Observation Yield Trial (OYT)of Tomato in Rabi 2014-15 Season (F1 hybrids from AVRDC materials for rabi season) Location : BARDC, Gazipur

Sl No. Code/ Entry Source Sowing date &

Transplanting date

Days to 1st Fruit wt./fruit (gm)

Crop duration(Days)

Fruit shape

No. of fruits/ Kg

TSSValue

Yield(Mt/acre) Flower-

ingHarvest-ing

1 BRTOM-1(F1 hybrid)

BRAC-AVRDC

S. date:28.09.14Tr. date:31.01.14

17 74 80-85 130 Plum 12-13 5 28.85

2 BRTOM-2(F1 hybrid)

BRAC- AVRDC

18 75 60-65 130 Plum 15-16 5 29.40

3 BRTOM-3(F1 hybrid)

BRAC- AVRDC

15 65 80-82 120 Round 12-13 4 37.45 (17.47% increased yield than

check variety)

4 Minto super(F1 hybrid)

Lal Teer seeds (Check variety)

20 69 88-90 122 Round 11-12 3.5 31.88

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F1 Hybrid Tomato (Tom-20)• Characteristics: It is semi indeterminate and early

type hybrid. Very strong robust plant with

excellent fruit bearing capacity. Fruits are uniformly attractive

oblate shaped and have fine glossy red color.

Average fruit weight 100-102g . Fruit harvest starts from 79-80 days

after transplanting. Fruits are fleshy, tasty & very firm;

suitable for distant transportation. Tolerant to virus diseases. Yield-32.00mt/acre.

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Crop Wise Variety Screening Report (Tomato)Test location: BARDC Gazipur Year: 2014-15

Sl. No. Crop Variety SourceTest sea-son

Seeding/

Planting

date

Days to

Total no. of harvesting/ Pick-ing

Wt (gm/F,C,

H)

Yield (MT/ac)

Other characters ( Fruit shape, Fruit color, No of locules,

Taste, Shelf life- days)

Remarks (Reaction to diseases &

insects, % of off-type

plants etc.)

Comments (Promising/Retrial/Not acceptable)

1st F(FF/F/R/C/H)

star-ting

1st Harvesting

final Harvest-ing

1

Tomato

Tom 20

Adva-nta 

Rabi 2014-

15

SD=16.09.14 TD=

15.10.14

25 79.5 133 12.5 102 32 Square round, Red, 2,excellent, 39

Virus incidence 6.25%,

0.0,firm fruits

Promising (Retrial)

2Tom 25

24 75.6 133 13 71 33

Square round, Red, 3, Good, 31

Virus incidence

18.75%,0.0,firm fruits

Promising (Retrial)

3Mintu super Lalteer

24.5 76 132.5 11.5 108 33

Slightly flatten, Red, 3, Watery, 19

Virus incidence 0.0%,0.0

Check variety

4 BigolSyng-enta 24.5 75 131.5 12 80 33

High round, Red, 3, Good, 31

Virus incidence 25%,6.25 Check

variety

Legend: F (FF/F/R/C/H)= First (Female Flower/ Fruit/ Root/ Card/ Head); /F,C,H= Fruit, Card, Head

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F1 Hybrid Hot Pepper-AVPP-1210Characteristics:• Bushy type plant, prolific

bearer, deep green coloured fruit which turns into bright red colour at maturity.

• Good uniformity, pendant type fruits with high degree of hotness.

• Fruit length 7-8 cm. & picking can be started from 75-80 DAT and can be continued up to 3 months.

• Fruit wt. 3-4 gm/fruit & yield-7.00 -8.00 MT/acre

• Tolerant to major diseases & pests.

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Performance Trial of AVRDC Hot pepper Lines Lines Plant

typeP. Height (1st picking)

Bran-ching

Days taken to 1st

Flowe-ring

Days taken to 1st

picking

Fruit Length(cm)

Crop dura-tion

Yield(mt/acre)

Hot-ness

AVPP1210

Semi dwarf & bushy

53.20 5.70 28 53.20 8.00 172.00 7.00 Exce-llent

AVPP1206

Semi dwarf & bushy

60.00 5.80 20 60.00 9.00 172.00 8.25 Good

AVPP1209

Semi dwarf & bushy

45.60 5.80 28 45.60 7.20 172.00 9.26 Better

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Publications

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Future Strategy

After evaluation of the BARDC produced summer hybrid from own produced seed it will be put into trial under Product Development Support system.Targeted quantity of seeds will be produced in the year 2017 & hybrid seeds will be available in the market during the year 2018. For seasonal type of tomato, AYT & MLT will be conducted simultaneously in 2016 & seeds will be supplied to the PDS system in the following year i.e. during the year 2017 and it is expected that F1 seeds of the new varieties will be available in the market in the year 2019. Side by side more innovative tomato germplasms will be collected from AVRDC.In case of hot pepper, more F1 seeds of the 2 promising lines (AVPP1210 & AVPP1206) will be collected from AVRDC to conduct different trial experiments.More germplasms of hot pepper will be collected from AVRDC for searching new promising lines.

ties.

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Publications & Other Media ReportsEnglish (Articles)

9 (6 in AVRDC Bulletin , 2 in BARC Compilation & 1 in Bangladesh Observer)

Bengali (Articles)

5 (in ‘Shetu’-BRAC Magazine)

News Feed AVRDC News letter (FRESH), BD24.com, Jai Jai Din, Destiny, Daily Star, DFID Blogger

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