Air Barrier Paper

Definition/Purpose- Strong, synthetic paper-like material used to wrap the sheathing of a house prior to the application of siding to prevent water intrusion

The paper is resisting any water that gets trapped under the siding in order to prevent water damage to the structure of the house

Attic Ventilation

Soffit Vent

Purpose- A soffit vent is needed to allow air flow between the attic/attic spaces and the outdoors

Attic Ventilation

Ridge Vent

Purpose- To allow air to circulate and flow in and out of the ridge of a gabled roof

Attic Ventilation

Gable Vent

Purpose- An opening at the end of a gabled roof to allow excess heat and humidity to escape from an attic to the outdoors

Attic Ventilation

Roof Turbine

Purpose- A passive ventilation apparatus that uses the wind from the outdoors to spin and suck excess heat out from the attic

Backhoe

Definition- a type of mechanical loader that uses hydraulics to power an arm/bucket that’s used for the excavation of soil

Width of bucket- 18 inches

Batter Boards

Definition/Use- A temporarily built frame set at the corners of an excavation to mark the lines for the desired level and perimeter of the foundation

Brick Arch

Arch 1 - Segmental Arch 2 - Tudor

Brick Arch

Arch with a Keystone Centering

Definition- Temporary frame/formwork used for support during the construction of an arch

Brick Bonds

Running Bond English Garden Wall Bond

Bond made entirely of stretchers alternated in position by one half of the length of the stretcher each successive course

Bond like a running bond, except every sixth course alternates between one stretcher and one header

Brick Bonds

RowlockHeader

Brick Bonds

Soldier Sailor

Brick Bonds

Stretcher Rowlocks (Shiners)

Brick Sizes

Brick Size 1 (Norman) 3 5/8”x 2 ¼”x 11 5/8”

Brick Size 2 (Closure Standard) 3 5/8”x 3 5/8”x 8 ¾”

Bulldozer

Definition/Use- A tractor-like machine that has a big broad metal head at its’ front, typically used for clearing and leveling ground during site work

Cladding

Brick Clad EFIS Clad

Cladding

Stone Clad – Random Ashlar

Wood Board Clad

Cladding

Wood Shingle- A single shingle cut from a piece of wood used for siding and/or roof applications

Wood Shake- Almost identical to a wood shingle, except wooden shakes are split, not sawn like shingles

Wood Shake Clad

Code Requirements

Egress Window Measurements- 34”w 28”h

Open Area- 6.6 square feet

Sill Height 38” AFF

IBC Requirements- Maximum sill height above the floor of 44 inches and a minimum net opening size of 5.7 square feet

Meet Requirements?- Yes because the sill height is below 44 inches and the net opening area is at least 5.7 square feet

Code Requirements

Stairs Tread Measurement- 11 ¼”

width

Riser Measurement- 6 5/8” height

IBC Requirements- Minimum of 10 inch tread and maximum of 7 ¾ inch rise

Meet Requirements?- Yes because the tread is greater than 10 inches and the riser is less than 7 ¾ inches

Concrete Joints

Control Joint- an intentional crack in a

structure intended to form a weakness where

cracking can occur to avoid cracking in important

structural places

Isolation Joint- used to relieve expansion

stresses from vertical movements of slab-on-grade

applications that connect foundation elements

Crack

Concrete Masonry Unit

CMU size 1- 8”x 8”x 16”CMU size 2- 12”x8”x16”

CMU is a block of concrete typically 8”x 8”x 16” and is usually used in the construction of foundations and walls. CMU is very strong, and the hollowed cores of the blocks allow for rebar and concrete to be added for extra strength.

Decorative CMU

Split Block Ribbed Block

Doors

Exterior Flush Door Exterior Panel Door

Panel

StileTop Rail

Lock Rail

Bottom Rail

Doors

Transom- A window that lies directly above a door

Sidelight- A narrow window on the side of a

door

Electrical Components

Power Pole with Transformer

Function- a transformer is a device that receives high voltage alternating electric current from power lines and transforms it to lower voltage current to use safely in homes

Electrical Components

Service Head- device which

conducts electricity from outdoor lines to the meter

Meter- device that measures the

amount of electricity supplied to or produced by a residence or

business

Electrical Components

Service Panel- the main panel in

which electricity is brought into a

residence and distributed to the

various circuits in the house

Duplex Receptacle- an electrical outlet that is mounted to the

wall and contains two receptacles

Framing Elements

#1 Anchor Bolt #2 Sill Plate

Framing Elements

#3 Floor Joists#4 Subflooring

Framing Elements

#5 Sole Plate #6 Stud

Framing Elements

#7 Top Plate #8 Ceiling Joist

Framing Elements

#9 Rafter#10 Roof Decking

Framing Elements

#11 Sheathing#12 Stringer

Front End Loader

Definition/Use- tractor like machine that uses a large bucket on the face of the machine to primarily load objects into another piece of machinery such as a dump truck. Differs from a bulldozer because it doesn’t push objects on the ground, and differs from a backhoe because it has a much larger squared bucket and isn’t used to dig into the solid earth

Gypsum Board

Definition- A panel that is attached to the interior side of a stud wall consisting of two paper faces with gypsum in between them. Often referred to as drywall or sheetrock

Heat Pump

Compressor/Condenser

Definition/Purpose- A mechanical device used to pressurize a gas to turn it into a liquid. This process allows heat to be removed or added. A compressor is the main component of the heat pump and air conditioner.Advantage- Draws in outdoor air and uses

it to heat indoor air, which in return uses little electricity and energy

Air Handling Unit

Air Handling Unit Definition/Purpose- A

mechanical device that is part of the HVAC system that is used to circulate and condition air that is flowing throughout a building or residence. This unit is usually connected to ductwork that distributes the air and returns it to the handling unitDisadvantage- High first cost, and a

backup system maybe required during long cold winters

Insulation

Blanket Insulation Loose Fill Insulation

Purpose- A thermal material applied to certain parts of a building to reduce heat transfer between the building’s interiors and the outdoors

Insulation

Foamed InsulationRigid Board Insulation

Lintel

Definition- A concrete or steel beam that supports the load of the building above an opening such as a window, door, or garage

Mortar

Mortar Joint #1

Tooled

¾” width

Used on school building

Type S

Mortar

Mortar Joint #2

Tooled – concave

3/8” width

Used on school building

Type S

Oriented Strand Board

Definition- a structural nonveneered panel made by compressing and laminating strands of wood together under high pressure with glue

Plumbing

Lavatory- 1 ½” diameter pipe Water Closet- 3”

diameter pipe

Plumbing

Manufactured Shower Plumbing Roof Vent

The plumbing roof vent allows sewer gases to be vented from the pipes inside a dwelling to the outdoors

Plumbing

Kitchen Sink - Undermount

Plywood

Plywood is a sheet of engineered wood made from thin sheets of veneer. Each successive sheet of veneer is positioned at a right angle to the sheet under it, and then glued together for strength

Veneer- A thin sheet of wood usually used for the face of an object such as plywood

Radiant Barrier

Definition/description- a sheet of reflective foil that is placed underneath the roofing material to reflect radiant heat and stop the heat from entering the spaces below

Rebar

#6

6/8” diameter

The deformations help to bind the rebar to the concrete more effectively

Steep Roof Drainage

Gutter Downspout

Gutter- a channel of metal placed on the eave of a roof to collect rainwater from the roof and transport that water to a downspout

Downspout- a vertical piece of metal that is connected to a gutter to transport rainwater from the gutter to the ground

Steep Roof Drainage

Splashblock

A block of plastic or concrete that is placed directly under a downspout. Its purpose is to receive water from the downspout and direct it away from a building or residence’s foundation

Steep Roof Materials

Underlayment- sheet of asphalt

based felt that is rolled onto the roof

sheathing prior to laying the shingles to

protect the sheathing from water

penetration and the elements

Clay Tile Roof

Steep Roof Materials

Shingle- a thin piece of material that is placed on a roof or sides of a house in an overlapping fashion

Metal Panel- galvanized metal sheet

Slate

Steep Roof Shapes

Gable Roof Gambrel Roof

Steep Roof Shapes

Hip RoofMansard Roof

Steep Roof Terms

Ridge- the topmost horizontal part of a sloped roof

Valley- the intersection/seam where two roofs come together

Steep Roof Terms

Eave- the lower, horizontal overhanging part of a roof

Rake- the lower pitched edge of a steep sloping roof

Steep Roof Terms

Soffit- the underside horizontal piece of a roof overhang

Fascia- the horizontal face of a roof’s eave that stretches the

perimeter of a building

Steep Roof Terms

No Fascia

A building that doesn’t have a horizontal piece that runs along a roof’s eave

Stone

Random Rubble Coursed Rubble

Stone

Random Ashlar Coursed Ashlar

Vapor Retarder

A sheet of material that is used to resist the passage of water vapor into a building structure

It is usually put on the inside of a building’s insulation

Waterproofing

A compound that is applied to the outside of a foundation in a variety of methods to protect the building from standing water that is against the foundation

Weep Hole

Weep holes are small openings in the face of a buildings veneer to allow water to drain out from behind the veneer to the buildings exterior

Welded Wire Fabric

Measurements- 6 ¼” x 6”

Windows

Type 1 – Awning – the window is hinged at the top and opens outwards

Type 2 – Casement – the window is hinged on the side and opens outwards

Windows

Type 3 – Single Hung – only the bottom half of the window slides upwards via a track