Hygiene & Sanitation Challenges in Pakistan

Hygiene &Sanitation

Challenges in Pakistan

Lokhaze Ali

PhD Student NUST

Hygiene & Sanitation Challenges in Pakistan 2

Achievements in Last Two Decades

• 2.3 billion people gainedaccess to improveddrinking-water between1990–2012.

• The number of childrendying from diarrhealdiseases have steadilyfallen from 1.5 milliondeaths in 1990 to justabove 600,000 (0.6million) in 2012.


Global Crisis

• 2.5 billion people lack access toimproved sanitation.

• 1 billion people practice opendefecation, nine out of ten inrural areas.

• 748 million people lack accessto improved drinking-waterand it is estimated that 1.8billion people use a source ofdrinking-water that is faecallycontaminated.

• Hundreds of millions of peoplehave no access to soap andwater to wash their hands






Challenges

• Critical gaps in monitoring

• Weak country capacity to implement plans

• Insufficient funding


Water Aid Pakistan-Facts• 15.3 Million people in

Pakistan don't have accessto safe water

• Over 93 million peopledon't have access toadequate sanitation inPakistan, over half of thepopulation.

• Over 40,000 children dieevery year from diarrheacaused by unsafe waterand poor sanitation inPakistan. Hygiene & Sanitation Challenges in Pakistan 10

South Asia

• Max number of Poor

• More children diedue to unsafedrinking water in anymegacity in SouthAsia than totalnumber of peoplekilled in WoT till date Pakistan: 144/193

Avg Age: 67 yrsMale: 66 yrsFemale: 68 yrsJapan: 1/193Avg Age: 85 yrs


Financing Issues

• National financing forWASH is insufficient

• National WASH Plans• Two-thirds of countries

recognize the right to bothwater and sanitation intheir constitution orlegislation

• Few countries use availabledata to make fundingdecisions on sanitation

• Huge financing gapbetween budgets andplans


GIS Mapping

• Health Data Portal• Data with date and time

(Last Results)• No Redundancy

(Integrated Approach)• One Portal for all

(PCRWR, WASA, EPA, NUST Labs, etc)

• Activate GPS coordinates during collection

• On Spot Water Quality Analysis


Hot Spot Analysis• Maximum number of

deaths (each province)• Maximum spread of

diseases (Hospital Data for Children under 5)

• Area Identification (Point Sources, Industrial, Local Hazards)

• Water Quality Assessment

• Regression Modelling• Correlation Techniques• Pakistan Bureau of

StatisticsHygiene & Sanitation Challenges in Pakistan 14

Design Separate Drains for Industry

• Save the Populated Areas• Industrial Drains to

discharge outside the city(not connected within thecity)

• Polluter Pays for Treatment• Water Meters for Industry

(Reuse Water)• No Water Bores Allowed

within Industry’s premises• Wastewater Mapping (GIS)

All Parameters• Plant Non-Fruit trees with

Industrial Wastewater(Barren)


The Greatest Challenge

• International Laws

• Pricing

• Flood Relief


Disruptive Innovation

• Generate disruptive, new ideas

• Emerging Trends (Water Technologies)

• How can you generate more income out of it

• Lower Costs• More Users

(Affordability)


Create Competition

• Low Cost WASH Technologies for Urban/Rural Areas

• Innovative Thinking

• Handsome Awards

• Green Journalism


The Bitter Reality• Reality: Attending a

conference/seminar/workshops

• Reality: Talking about issues

• Reality: We will try to solve our problems

• Dreaming: We will do this & that… GIS Maps, Disruptive Innovations, Minting money out of our products

• Final Reality: We will have a cup of tea after the conference and things will remain the same as they are…


Change your Water………..Change your Life


Data & Analytics

Hygiene & Sanitation Challenges in Pakistan