LANDSCAPE OF OPEN ACCESS,OPEN DATA & OPEN SCIENCE AND REPOSITORIES IN

BOTSWANA Naniki Maphakwane

Director ,Library Botswana College of Distance and Open LearningCoordinator Botswana Library Consortium

Open Data Open Science Workshop, Gaborone

31st-30th October 2017,

Gaborone, University of Botswana.

THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION(EC)

• Developments in the field of Open Data(OD).

• Of more recent EC has expanded the concept of openness to Open Science(OS)

• To transform science by making research more open, global, collaborative, creative and closer to society.

DEFINATION OF KEY TERMS

• Generally refers to the outputs of research such as journal articles, as distinct from research data, which are produced as part of research process. Free availability and full reuse of research articles.

• Open Access literature is digital, online,free of charge and free from most copyright and licensing restrictions( Suber ,P. Open Access .MI Press 2012.

OPEN ACCESS

• Research data produced during the process of research that can be freely used, reused and redistributed by anyone subject at most to the requirement to attribute and share alike.

OPEN DATA

• Is the contact of science in such a way that others can collaborate and contribute, where research notes and other research process are freely available, with license terms that allow re-user distribution, and reproduction of the experimental methodology, observation, and collection of data ; public availability, accessibility, re-usability of scientific data and use of web based tools to facilitate scientific collaboration

OPEN SCIENCE

WHAT IS OPEN ACCESS(OA)

• A movement within the scholarly community toprovide unrestricted access to scholarly researchpublications.

• OA literature is digital, online, free of charge andfree from most copyright and licensingrestrictions( Suber ,P. Open Access. MI Press 2012

• OA materials include: scholarly articles andbooks, book chapters, conference proceedings,thesis and dissertations, and datasets.

WHY OPEN ACCESS

New knowledge arises through the study ofexisting works, exchange of ideas, the linkingof ideas ad networking with other disciplines

Any restrictions to academic informationhinders the process of obtaining new insights

BENIFTS OF OEN ACCESS

• OA for researchers

enhanced visibility, usage ad impact for their work globally

Increased collaboration and research partners

New contacts and research partnerships

BENIFTS OF OPEN ACCESS

• OA for Publishers

increased readership and citations

increased visibility and impact

Serves as dissemination service for research

BENIFTS OF OPEN ACCESS

• OA for research institutes

Complete record of research output in easily accessible form

New tools to manage institution’s impact.

Publishers institutions research strength

For Universities it increases the visibility of their researchers and their research, reduces their expenditure on journals, and advances their mission to share knowledge.

BENIFTS OF OPEN ACCESS

• OA for Libraries

Addresses the problem of the steeply costs of journal subscriptions.

OA For public

OA provides taxpayers with free access to the results of research they have helped funded.

OA promotes democracy in access to research information

SOME OPEN ACCESS INNITIATIVES BOTSWANA

• Botswana through Botswana Library Consortium(BLC) & University of Botswana(UB) has become active in promotion of Open Access.

• 2010 BLC hosted the 1st OA Advocacy workshop. The workshop was funded by EIFL and Carnegie Foundation

• Target population was: Researchers, research institutes, librarians and ICT officers, policy makers, journal editors and publishers.

• 2011 OA workshop ,further training on OA concepts, policy environment and hands on Dspace platform to help the libraries start repositories.

• 2011 Celebration of Open Access Week and 1st Open Access Conference

SOME OPEN ACCESS INNITIATIVES BOTSWANA

• 2012, 2013 & 2014 OA Conferences. • 2013 Stakeholder Breakfast meeting • Target population : Researchers, research institutes,

librarians, ICT officers, policy makers, government official, journal editors and publishers. The objective of the conference was to share experiences

• 2015 Botswana Open Access Policy Project funded by Electronic Information for Libraries (EIFL)

- BLC engaged over 12 government department including Parastals on OA.

SOME OPEN ACCESS INNITIATIVES IN BOTSWANA CONTI…..

- Workshops : OA policy formulation, OA online journal publishing, Institutional Repository management and Repository administration

- Total of 38 people were trained representing 18 institutions

- 2016 Botswana OA Project distracted by national activities for independence

• 2017 BLC found other players and now consolidation of efforts to achieve same objective.

OA REPOSITOIES IN BOTSWANA

Number of repositories : 4

University of Botswana :UBRISA

Botho University

Botswana College of Distance and Open Learning

Botswana University of (though facing some technical challenges)

Repositories registered with Open DOAR: 2

- UBRISA & Botho University Repository

Open Access repository policies: 2

WHAT IS OPEN SCIENCE?

Other outputsResearch dataOpen access to publications

OPEN ACCES,OPEN SCIENCE & OPEN DATA

Open Access movement has gained momentum and has expanded the concept of openness to Open Science(OS).

Making science more global, collaborative, creative ad closer to the community

Enabled by new technologies OS aims to transform science by making research more open, global, collaborative & creative .

OPEN SCIENCE OPENNESS

Sharing and access to all types of research outputs

Transparency of research findings

Open peer review and open citations

Equitable flow of knowledge

OPENNESS IN OPEN SCIENCE

Sharing and access to all types of research outputs

Transparency of research findings

Open peer review and open citations

Equitable flow of knowledge

OPENNESS IN OPEN SCIENCE

Open science is about:

The way research is carried

The way it is dissemination

The way it is deployed and transformed and by digital l tools, networks and media

Relies heavily on technological innovation

Paradigm shift in culture of collaboration and openness in research of and Sharing and access to all types of research outputs

OPENNES IN OPEN SCIENCE RESEARCH LIFECYCLE

• Open notebooks –an emerging practice, documenting and sharing the experimental process

• Open data-managing research data in such a way that optimises access, discoverability, and sharing for use and re-use.

• Open research software -documenting research code and routines, making them freely accessible and available for collaboration

• Open access-making all published outputs freely accessible for maximum use and impact.

It’s part of good research practice

OPENNES IN OPEN SCIENCE RESEARCH LIFECYCLE

• To achieve the openness in open science each process in the lifecycle of research should:

Be –reusable

Be publicly available.

Motivate collaboration between researchers

Be transparent and have appropriate metadata

RESERACH DATA MANAGEMENT(RDM) LANDSCAPE

• RDM: organisation of data, from its entry to the research cycle through to dissemination and archiving of valuable results.

• RDM relies heavily on the collaborative and coordinated work of many engaged partners.

• Establishing the various stakeholders involved in RDM activities helps to identify where librarians and libraries are placed to facilitate and coordinate RDM development.

RESERACH DATA MANAGEMENT(RDM) STAKEHOLDERS

• Four main categories:

University Leadership

Researchers

Research Support Units

Government & funders

RESERACH DATA MANAGEMENT(RDM) IN BOTSWANA

University of Botswana Office of Research and Development(ORD):

Has implemented a Research Management System(RMS)

It is used to monitor research activities from proposal to submission of completed papers.

Other universities still have to put in place their RMS.

CONCLUSIONS: CHALLENGES & OPPORTUNITIES

National Open Access, Open Data Open Science Framework for Botswana

Open Access Policies in Universities, Research Centres,etc

Technical and semantic standards: adopt common metadata standards, elements of vocabularies, incorporate ORCID IDs into repositories, DOIs (Datasets)

CONCLUSION: CHALLENGES & OPPORTUNITIES conti.....

Improved Information Technology Infrastructure and access

Capacity building and re-skilling for data stewards, data scientist and other stakeholders.

THANK YOU

References

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2.Cheung,Melissa Open Access,Open Dat,Open Science

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available at http://www.unesco.org/new/en/communication-and-information/portals-and-platforms

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