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Structural Health Monitoring
For
High Rise Building
due to Wind & Seismic Events
Monitoring
System
Setup in the
Sail@Marina
for the Two
Towers
Monitoring
Setup in the
Sail@Marina
for Two
Towers
Building Movements
Events due to
Earthquakes and Wind
30 September 2009 6:16PM due to Seismic
24 July 2010 10:58 AM due to Seismic
27 July 2009 5:20 PM due to Wind
Mode shapes from Republic Plaza
from Ambient Tests
1. Earthquake Event Details
The 2009 Sumatra earthquakes
occurred just off the southern
coast of Sumatra, Indonesia. The
major shock hit at 17:16:10 local
time on September 30, 2009
(10:16:10 UTC)
Singapore time:
30 September 2009 06:16PM
Latitude : 0.8 S
Longitude: 99.93 E
Magnitude: 7.9
Region: SOUTHERN SUMATERA
map: wikimapia
Direction &
Location Details
Tower1 and
Tower2 sensors
got triggered by the
Sumatra
earthquake.
Trigger Time:
30/09/2009 06:56
PM
N-S
N-S
E-W
E-W
1st 2nd
Tower
responsesTower1:
Peak Frequency response is 0
.9 Hz.
Tower1 wind sensor shows
there is no wind during the
event.
Tower2:
Peak Frequency response is1.
0 Hz.
Tower2 wind sensor also not
registered any significant wind
during the event.
TOWER 2Upper Level
North-South
Lower Level
North-South
Upper Level
East-West
Lower Level
East-West
Vibration (Hz): 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
Max Acceleration (g):
With BPF (0.05Hz - 10.00Hz)0.012 0.003 0.012 0.003
Max ground displacement
(cm):1.4 0.8 1.8 0.6
TOWER 1Upper Level
North-South
Lower Level
North-South
Upper Level
East-West
Lower Level
East-West
Vibration (Hz): 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8
Max Acceleration (g):
With BPF (0.05Hz - 10.00Hz)0.008 0.002 0.006 0.002
Max ground displacement
(cm):1.6 0.4 1.2 0.4
Acceleration and
Frequency
Tower: 1 @ Level: 68
Direction:
North - South
Max Acceleration:
8mg
Peak frequency :
0.9Hz Frequency [Hz]54.84.64.44.243.83.63.43.232.82.62.42.221.81.61.41.210.80.60.40.20
Fo
uri
er
Am
plitu
de
0.30
0.28
0.26
0.24
0.22
0.20
0.18
0.16
0.14
0.12
0.10
0.08
0.06
0.04
0.02
Time [sec]1601501401301201101009080706050403020100
Accele
ratio
n [g
]
0.012
0.010
0.008
0.006
0.004
0.002
0.000
-0.002
-0.004
-0.006
-0.008
-0.010
-0.012
Tower: 1@ Level: 68
Direction:
East - West
Max Acceleration:
5mg
Peak frequency :
0.9HzFrequency [Hz]
54.84.64.44.243.83.63.43.232.82.62.42.221.81.61.41.210.80.60.40.20
Fo
uri
er
Am
plitu
de
0.30
0.28
0.26
0.24
0.22
0.20
0.18
0.16
0.14
0.12
0.10
0.08
0.06
0.04
0.02
Time [sec]1601501401301201101009080706050403020100
Accele
ratio
n [g
]
0.012
0.010
0.008
0.006
0.004
0.002
0.000
-0.002
-0.004
-0.006
-0.008
-0.010
-0.012
Acceleration and
Frequency
Tower: 2@ Level: 62
Direction:
North - South
Max Acceleration:
12mg
Peak frequency :
1HzFrequency [Hz]
54.84.64.44.243.83.63.43.232.82.62.42.221.81.61.41.210.80.60.40.20
Fo
urie
r A
mp
litu
de
0.300
0.280
0.260
0.240
0.220
0.200
0.180
0.160
0.140
0.120
0.100
0.080
0.060
0.040
0.020
Time [sec]1501401301201101009080706050403020100
Acc
eler
atio
n [g
]
0.014
0.012
0.010
0.008
0.006
0.004
0.002
0.000
-0.002
-0.004
-0.006
-0.008
-0.010
-0.012
-0.014
Acceleration and
Frequency
Tower: 2 @Level: 62
Direction:
East - West
Max Acceleration:
12mg
Peak Frequency :
1Hz
Time [sec]1501401301201101009080706050403020100
Acc
eler
atio
n [g
]
0.014
0.012
0.010
0.008
0.006
0.004
0.002
0.000
-0.002
-0.004
-0.006
-0.008
-0.010
-0.012
-0.014
Frequency [Hz]54.84.64.44.243.83.63.43.232.82.62.42.221.81.61.41.210.80.60.40.20
Fo
uri
er
Am
plitu
de
0.300
0.280
0.260
0.240
0.220
0.200
0.180
0.160
0.140
0.120
0.100
0.080
0.060
0.040
0.020
Acceleration and
Frequency
The 2010 Sumatra
earthquakes occurred just off
the north coast of Sumatra,
Indonesia. The major shock
hit at 9:11 AM local time on
July 24, 2010 (2:11 UTC)
Singapore time: 24 July 2010
10:11AM
Latitude : 1.15 N
Longitude: 99.72 E
Magnitude: 6.26
Region: NORTHERN
SUMATERA
map: wikimapia
2. Earthquake Event Details
Tower1 and Tower2
sensors got triggered
by the Sumatra
earthquake.
Trigger Time: 24 July
2010 10:58 AM
Direction &
Location DetailsN-S
N-S
E-W
E-W
1st 2nd
Tower1:
Peak Frequency response is
0.85Hz.
Tower1 wind sensor shows there
is no wind during the event.
Tower2:
Peak Frequency response is
1.1 Hz.
Tower2 wind sensor also not
registered any significant wind
during the event.
Tower2 lower level sensor didn’t
trigger for this event.
Tower 1Upper Level
North-South
Lower Level
North-South
Upper Level
East-West
Lower Level
East-West
Vibration (Hz): 0.850 1.10 0.848 1.15
Max Acceleration (g):
With BPF (0.05Hz - 5.00Hz)0.003 0.001 0.002 0.001
Max ground displacement
(cm):0.30 0.15 0.20 0.20
Tower2Upper Level
North-South
Lower Level
North-South
Upper Level
East-West
Lower Level
East-West
Vibration (Hz): 1.2 -- 1.10 --
Max Acceleration (g):
With BPF (0.05Hz - 5.00Hz)0.0015 -- 0.0015 --
Max ground displacement
(cm):0.15 -- 0.20 --
Tower
responses
Tower: 1 @ Level: 68
Direction:
North - South
Max Acceleration:
3mg
Peak frequency :
0.9Hz Frequency [Hz]
21.81.61.41.210.80.60.40.20
Fo
uri
er
Am
pli
tud
e
0.05
0.04
0.03
0.02
0.01
0
Time [sec]1601501401301201101009080706050403020100
Accele
ratio
n [
g]
0.004
0.003
0.002
0.001
0
-0.001
-0.002
-0.003
Acceleration and
Frequency
Tower: 1@ Level: 68
Direction:
East - west
Max Acceleration:
2mg
Peak frequency :
0.9Hz Frequency [Hz]
21.81.61.41.210.80.60.40.20
Fo
uri
er
Am
pli
tud
e
0.05
0.04
0.03
0.02
0.01
0
Time [sec]1601501401301201101009080706050403020100
Accele
rati
on
[g
]
0.002
0.001
0
-0.001
-0.002
Acceleration and
Frequency
Tower: 2@Level: 62
Direction:
North - South
Max Acceleration:
2mg
Peak Frequency :
1.2 Hz
Frequency [Hz]21.81.61.41.210.80.60.40.20
Fo
uri
er
Am
plitu
de
0.02
0.018
0.016
0.014
0.012
0.01
0.008
0.006
0.004
0.002
0
Time [sec]1501401301201101009080706050403020100
Accele
rati
on
[g
]
0.002
0.001
0
-0.001
-0.002
Acceleration and
Frequency
Tower: 2 @Level: 62
Direction:
East - West
Max Acceleration:
2mg
Peak Frequency :
1.1Hz Frequency [Hz]21.81.61.41.210.80.60.40.20
Fo
uri
er
Am
plitu
de
0.02
0.018
0.016
0.014
0.012
0.01
0.008
0.006
0.004
0.002
0
Time [sec]1501401301201101009080706050403020100
Accele
rati
on
[g
]
0.002
0.001
0
-0.001
-0.002
Acceleration and
Frequency
3. Wind Details
Other than
Earthquakes, Wind
can also cause the
Towers to oscillate.
Tower2 under Wind
condition:
Wind Speed : 12.5 m/s
Wind Direction: 270
(Degree) from West
Tower2 sensors got
triggered by the wind.
Trigger Time:
27/07/2009 5:20 PM
Frequency [Hz]21.91.81.71.61.51.41.31.21.110.90.80.70.60.50.40.30.20.10
Fo
uri
er
Am
pli
tud
e
0.040
0.035
0.030
0.025
0.020
0.015
0.010
0.005
Frequency [Hz]21.81.61.41.210.80.60.40.20
Fo
urie
r A
mp
litu
de
0.050
0.045
0.040
0.035
0.030
0.025
0.020
0.015
0.010
0.005
Direction &
Location Details
N-S
E-W
Tower2:
Primary Frequency
Response is 0.21 Hz.
Tower2 lower level sensor
didn’t trigger for this event.
Tower1 did not register any
trigger in this period.
Tower 2Upper Level
North-South
Lower Level
North-South
Upper Level
East-West
Lower Level
East-West
Vibration (Hz): 0.210 -- 0.210 --
Max Acceleration (g):
With BPF (0.05Hz - 5.00Hz)0.001 -- 0.001 --
Max ground displacement
(cm):0.515 -- 0.849 --
Tower
responses
Tower: 2 @ Level: 62
Direction:
North - South
Max Acceleration:
1mg
Peak Frequency :
0.21Hz
Time [sec]1601501401301201101009080706050403020100
Ac
ce
lera
tio
n [
g]
0.002
0.001
0.000
-0.001
-0.002
Frequency [Hz]21.91.81.71.61.51.41.31.21.110.90.80.70.60.50.40.30.20.10
Fo
uri
er
Am
pli
tud
e
0.040
0.035
0.030
0.025
0.020
0.015
0.010
0.005
Acceleration and
Frequency
Tower: 2@Level: 62
Direction:
East - West
Max Acceleration:
1mg
Peak Frequency :
0.21HzFrequency [Hz]
21.81.61.41.210.80.60.40.20
Fo
uri
er
Am
pli
tud
e
0.050
0.045
0.040
0.035
0.030
0.025
0.020
0.015
0.010
0.005
Time [sec]1601501401301201101009080706050403020100
Ac
ce
lera
tio
n [
g]
0.002
0.001
0.000
-0.001
-0.002
Acceleration and
Frequency
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