Art deco

Art deco Shahid Khan Esa shaikh Rafay Ahmad

•Cars •Furniture •Jwellery •Posters •Metal work •Paintings

2. ART

4. Architecture •The pavillions •Buildings •Impact •Decline and resurgence

3. Art deco in Mumbai •Introduction- Oval Maidan •Art deco buildings •Art deco in Miami •Comparison between the two

•Paris expositions 1925 •Influences, precursors and parallels •What is art deco

1. Introduction index

http://www.greenarchworld.in

• A popular, international art movement during the 20’s and 30’s.

• Affected all “decorative arts,” including architecture, interior design, industrial design, as

well as visual arts such as fashion, painting, graphic arts, and film.

• The name came from the 1925 Exposition international des arts decoratifs industriels et

moderne, held in Paris which celebrated living in the modern world.

What is art deco?


Inspiration, Precursors and Parallels

Midway garden,ChicagoFrank Lloyd Wright -1914

Frank Lloyd Wright designed Midway gardens, a sprawling Chicago entertainment complex that provide the public with handsome space for numerous activities, including dining dancing and listening music. This architecture can be seen as the precursors for art deco

"Art Deco's ultimate aim was to end the old conflict between art and industry, the old snobbish distinction between artist and artisan, partly by making artists adept at crafts, but still more by adapting design to the requirements of mass-production." - Bevis Hillier


Inspirations and Influences

1. Modernism-Vertical emphasis Setbacks emphasizing the geometric forms

2. Cubism- basic geometry shapes.

3. Neoclassicism-rendering and colours

4. Constructivism- overlapping figures

5. Art Nouveau- inspiration from nature

6. De stilj- concept of lines

7. Futurism.

Influences form the past: •The decorative motifs from the ancient near eastern cultures of assyria. •Egyptian elements such as stylize blossom’s, scarabs and papyrus leaves and exotic motifs •African sculpture •Persian or Moorish details appear on few art deco buildings

• The Roaring Twenties is a phrase used to describe the

1920s.

• The phrase was meant to emphasize the period's social,

artistic, and cultural dynamism.

• 'Normalcy' returned to politics in the wake of World War I,

• Jazz music blossomed,

• The flapper redefined modern womanhood,

• Art Deco peaked

• The spirit of the Roaring Twenties was marked by a general

feeling of discontinuity associated with modernity, a break

with traditions.

Rise of art deco


Paris Exposition-1925

•French artists formed an informal collective known as La Société des artistes décorateurs

•Founders included Hector Guimard, Eugène Grasset, Raoul Lachenal, Paul Bellot, Maurice

Dufrêne, andEmile Decoeur.

•They organized the 1925nExposition Internationale des Arts Décoratifs et Industriels

Modernes in Paris

•Art deco was not widely used until popularized by art historian Bevis Hillier's 1968 book Art

Deco of the 20s and 30s.


FEATURES – art deco

•Vertical lines, then later a transition to horizontal lines

•Set-back: upper levels of buildings set back in stages from the vertical to allow sun to reach the

sidewalks below - due to New York City zoning laws in the early 1900s.

•Different use of materials: combinations of stone, brick, metals (steel, aluminum, bronze, etc.), tiles,

opaque glass (Vitrolite), terracotta, etc.

•Geometric ornamentation: use of circles, diamonds, chevrons, zig-zags, triangles, pyramids, spirals,

octagons, etc.

•Frequently used symbols/motifs: sunbursts; "frozen fountain reliefs"; plant & animal life; gears;

lightning bolts; relief sculptures embodying justice, truth, knowledge, industry, labor, man's strength,

work ethic, achievement, commerce and bounty.

•Decorative methods: relief sculptures (in limestone, terracotta, metal (iron & bronze)), painted

murals, tile mosaics, decorative metalwork (grills, various covers, railings, door frames), flat-against-the-wall fluted columns if use

Paris, France, Rex, Movie Theater


FEATURES – Streamline modern

Common characteristics of Streamline Moderne •Horizontal orientation •Rounded edges, corner windows, and glass brick walls •Glass block •Porthole windows •Chrome hardware •Smooth exterior wall surfaces, usually stucco (smooth plaster finish) •Flat roof with coping •Horizontal grooves or lines in walls •Subdued colors: base colors were typically light earth tones, off-whites, or beiges; and trim colors were typically dark colors (or bright metals) to contrast from the light base.


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:San_Juan,_PR_05.jpg

ART


Paintings

• Interwar years was difficult if not possible.

• Abstraction by means of cubism, neo classical, de stilj, fauvism.

• Classified as:

1. On the theme of modernist.

2. Decorative on paper.

•Born in polish family

• The women she potrays are sexy, provocative, bold, appealing and seductive, her men are handsome and brave.

•her masterpieces are that unique and amazing because she reflected her own dramatic life in her incredible art.

•Madonna was also inspired by her works and made songs on her

Self portrait in Bugatti

Women with dove

The green dress

Portrait of Marjorie Ferry

tamara de lampica (1898-1980)


Oil painting of London theme

Black bull

• Highly distinctive and abstract style.

• Captured dehumanizing expression.

• Awarded by prix de Rome.

• His painting is also placed in Ruhlmans hotel in Paris expo, which

made him famous.

The new gloves

Les porusche

Jean dupas (1882-1964)


Sculpture

• Art deco is famous for its sculpture.

• Found at building entrances, table tops .etc.

• Sculpture used material such as bronze, ivory etc.

• Great impact to the era.

Christ Redeemer

• Was designed by Heitor da Silva Costa and carved by French sculptor Paul

Landowski.

• The statue is 125 feet (38 m) tall, including the pedestal

• New Seven Wonders of the World


Free style

• Romanian born, was master in sculptor of art deco movement.

• Reflects interest of French costumes, night clubs, dance in his work, and also he was inspired by the sports of then.

• Inspired the female status of that time n their conditions.

Discuss throw dancers

Demetri chiparus (1886-1947)


Fire and the flame Aristocrat Butter fly dancers

Ferdinand Priess (1882-1943)

• Well known sculptor of art deco.

• His works depicts the free style of living.

• Well known for his ivory work.

• Famous for his table top works and statues at the entrance of building


furniture

• Decoration was integral part of art deco.

• Beauty in home was essential to mans psychological well being.

• Ebony ,mahogany , violetwood, maple , ash.

• Are deco was famous due to its long lasting furnitures made in that era that still can be seen.


Emile ruhlmann (1879-1933)

• Born in 1879 to Alsatian family

• In exposition he placed hotel du collectiionner that made him

famous.

• In his furniture design he used rich veneers, amboyna, and Cuban

ebony.

• Instead of varnishers, galuchat was used, that is small skin of dog

fish, snakeskin and animal hide.

Hotel du Collectionneur Pavillion with Jean Dupas painting


Frank t Paul (1882-1957)

One

• The most famous carpenter of art deco.

• He designs the furniture after getting inspire from tall

buildings and skyscrapers

• He created the series of furniture ‘puzzle desk’ with in

cooperating materials

Skyscraper furniture

Series of puzzle desks

Ironwork

• Can be seen extensively at windows grilles, guards, doors, balustrades, railings, fireplace furniture.

• Classified into 2 types

1. Fin-de- siede – inspired from birds, clouds, sunburst, fountain, flowers.

2. Modern architecture style-consist of sleek line, machineries made, stamps, aero planes

Wilhelm Hunt Diedrich (1884-1953)

• From Hungary, started as blacksmith

• Was successful designer in metalwork.

• 2-dimensional figures and animals seem to snipped out of iron, their sharp edges, minimal surface , decoration

gives them engaging vitality.

• Works show


• He is very famous for his grill work, table tops and fixtures.

• He became famous after his acclaimed work in expo that is working

on ‘gate of honor’.

• Symmetry and identical figures

Identical works

Using symmetry in his design.

Edgar Brandt (1880-1960)


Jewellery

• Heavy jewellery were replaced by lighter ones

• Simple geometry forms are used and greatly inspired from Egyptian jewellery.

• Gold and platinum frames are used.

• Diamond came into existence.

• Earrings touches shoulder

• Massive rings

Inspiration from Egyptian jewellery


•Only means of communication between tradesman and public.

•Inspiration from-

1. Cubism : abstraction, composition, over lapping.

2. Futurism: speed and power

3. De stilj: concept of lines.

4. Favism: bright colors were used.

posters


• Simply wanted his poster to be the means of communication

• Poster in dramatic impact

• Elimination of small detail can sharpen the message.

• Designed poster for national railway and for the ocean-liners

Ocean liners poster National railway poster

Cassandra (1901-1968)

Movie posters


Bugatti Veyron Bentley Chrysler

CARS


ART DECO- architecture


Art deco pavillions

Modernist pavillions

Konstantin melnikov

Le-corbusier

The pavilions •The three pavillions, illustrated here made ample use of stock art deco motifs: Stylized blossoms, scrolls, stepped forms, zigzag and other geometric patterns -art

deco and architecture (patrica bayer)

Jaques Gruber-Galaries Lafayatte

The pomone pavillion- louis Boileau Group Ruhlman- l’hotel du collectionneur


•The Niagara Hudson Building in Syracuse is an symbol of the Age of Electricity. Completed in 1932, the building became the headquarters for the nation’s largest electric utility company and expressed the technology of electricity through its modernistic design, material, and extraordinary program of exterior lighting. •The design elements applied by architects Melvin L. King and Bley & Lyman transformed a corporate office tower into a widely admired beacon of light and belief in the future. With its central tower and figurative winged sculpture personifying electric lighting, the powerfully sculpted and decorated building offered a symbol of optimism and progress in the context of the Great Depression.

Niagara Hudson Mohawk building- Syracuse, New York


Jhonson Wax Company Administrative Building, Racine, Wis. - 1936 by Frank Lloyd Wright

Frank Lloyd wright’s S.C.Johnson and son administration offices in Racine, Wisconsin, dated from 1936-39 and comprised a sprawl of artfully linked buildings made frombrick, glass and transluscent plastic tubing.


• This is a Coca-Cola bottling plant remodeled as a Streamline Moderne building designed by architect Robert V. Derrah with the appearance of a ship with portholes, catwalk and a bridge from five existing industrial buildings in 1939. • It is located at 1334 South Central Avenue in Los Angeles, California.

Coca cola building- Robert V. Derrah, los angeles 1936-37


Maritime Museum San Francisco,Aquatic Park, 1937

•The maritime aquatic park Is a streamline moderne building. •This is one of those few buildings which has been streamline on both the sides. •The edges have been curved a feature of typical art deco buildings •The front façade of the buildings oserve portholes a typical feature of streamline modern buildings •The roof has been shown to represent the deck of a ship


city hall of buffalo- John W. Cowper Company , City of Buffalo, NEW YORK STATE

Buffalo's City Hall from Niagara Square

•The city hall of Buffalo was the tallest building uptil recently •The front façade observes false pillars showing neo-classical features •Relief work was observed on the front facade


Chrysler building –Willam wan allen

•Chrysler Building was the world's tallest building from 27 May 1930 to 1931. •The Chrysler Building is also well renowned and recognized for its terraced crown. Composed of seven radiating terraced arches, Van Allen's design of the crown is a cruciform groin vault constructed into seven concentric members with transitioning setbacks, mounted up one behind each other.

Eagle Gargoyles http://www.greenarchworld.in

rca plaza, Rockefeller plaza -1931-40

•Manhattan’s Rockefeller center (1931-40) is a huge commercial precinct whose somewhat daunting masses of stone are, at their lower levels, enhanced by a variety of allegorical sculptures- from polychrome bas-relief to huge gilded figures. •Prominent sculptors from several countries were engaged to create these works of art, which included Hilderth Meiere’s roundels of drama, dance and song on the façade of radio city music hall and, on the international building. •In all a total of 17 buildings were created around the main rca building later


Empire State Building : Shrevor, Lamb, Harmon

Empire State Building was the world's tallest building from 1931 to 1973.

•The Empire State Building is a 102-story landmark Art Deco skyscraper in New York City, United States, at the intersection of Fifth Avenue and West 34th Street. It is 1,250 ft (381 meters) tall •The wing like extensions clinging to its aluminum mast and a pair of moderne eagles guarding at its entrance, the subtly stepped empire state building has comparatively less ornamentation

IMPACT: NEW YORK CITY -1932

impact

Manhattan, New York Miami

Marine drive, Mumbai Napier, New zealand Australia

Indonesia

Other places were art deco is found- cuba, colomdia, brazil, argentina, philippines


Decline and resurgence

1. Art Deco in the 1960s Art Deco was looked upon poorly throughout the 40s and 50s, but saw a resurgence in the 60s. Similar to the 20s, the mood of the 60s was one of optimism and hopefulness. The economy was steady, pop culture was flourishing. 2. Art Deco in the 1980s •Revival was seen in this decade. The 1980s were all about excess, luxury and status. The "ME" generation came into existence. The fashion world's mantra was 'Bigger, Brighter, Bolder'.

M16 Headquarters Vauxhall Cross, London (1988-93) Terry Farrell

•Art Deco slowly lost patronage in the West after reaching mass production, when it began to be derided as gaudy and presenting a false image of luxury. Eventually, the style was cut short by the austerities of World War II. Before destruction in World War II, possessed many art-deco buildings; a legacy of the American colonial past.

bombay art deco


rise of art deco in bombay

• After the world war bombay was expanding hence

there was a sharp

drop In land. Hence resulting in reclamation

The city has the most number of art deco building after

Miami in the world

• buildings which build on this

reclamation land are in the

form of art deco

Byculla

Churchgate

Colaba

Cumballa hill

Fort

Mrine drive

Pydhoni


•The development of art deco movement rapidly

replaced Bombay imagery from Victorian city to

modern city which gave rise to new cinema and

theaters in art deco style

cinema and theaters

REGAL

CHARLES STEVENS

1933

EROS

SORABJI BHEDWAR

1938

METRO

THOMAS WHITE AND DAVID

WILLAMS

11938

LIBERTY

WAMAN NAMJOSHI

1950


interiors http://www.greenarchworld.in

bombay art deco motifs

Streamline

Elongated form

sleek surfaces

Ziggurats and zig zags with Egypt

classical elements


Nautical features Indian mythology

•Initially introduced by

cities on sea coast.

•Features of steamships

manifested themselves in

art deco buildings

•Porthole windows, ship

deck-style railings and

observatory towers.

•The influence of Indian

tradition

and mythology

• Both subtropical city built partly

on land reclaimed from bay water

during early 20th century

• When each of these city develops its own art deco

adaptation , it includes the element of

unknown. The architects of either continent,

constructs buildings that seem to be twin.

two subtropical deco cities- Bombay and Miami http://www.greenarchworld.in

SUNDAR MAHAL , MUMBAI

GAGANAN B. MHATRE

WALDORF TOWER , MIAMI

ALBERT ANIS

WINTER HAVEN HOTEL,MIAMI

ALBERT ANIS

SEA FACE PARK , MUMBAI

MASTER, SATHE AND BHUTA

bombay and Miami http://www.greenarchworld.in

Bombay and Miami

JERRY’S FAMOUS DELI,MIAMI BEACH

ARCHITECT: HENRY HOHAUSER

INDIAN MERCHANTS CHAMBER,CHURCHGATE

ARCHITECT: MASTER,SATHE & BHUTA

HADDON HALL, MIAMI BEACH

ARCHITECT: LAWRENCE MURRAY DIXON RAM MAHAL,DINSHAW WACHHA RD., BOMBAY

ARCHITECT: JOHN MULVANEY

Diana hall cinema , Tardeo

• Its not maintain by

government.

• Case is going on from 6 yrs.

about the properties

ownership.

• Introduction of pop art and

other movements.

• Increase in machineries and

computer graphics

Decline of art deco


bibliography

Websites:

www.decopix.com

www.decocollect.com

www.wikipedia .com

www.tamara-de-lempicka.org

www.visual-arts-cork.com

www.allartclassic.com

artstyleonline.com

www.identifont.com

artdecoblog.blogspot.com

Books:

Art Deco Architecture – Alistair Duncan, Thomas and Hudson

Art deco- Alistair Duncan, Thomas and Hudson

Bombay art deco architecture- Navin Ramani
