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DESIGNING FOR GOVERNMENT OF TODAY
Hella Hernberg
Aalto University / Design for Government / 31.3.2015
LESSONS LEARNED FROM DESIGN EXCHANGE PROGRAMME
SOME EXAMPLES OF UDM PROJECTS:
K A L A S ATA M A T E M P O R A RY
R E V I TA L I S I N G A N O L D H A R B O R A R E AClient: City of Helsinki / Part design
D E S I G N F O R G OV E R N M E N T
E D U C AT I N G D E S I G N E R S F O R P U B L I C S E C TO R C H A L L E N G E SClient: Aalto University
VAC A N T S PAC E S
TO O L S F O R U T I L I S I N G U N U S E D S PAC E SClient: Ministry of the Environment
U R B A N D R E A M M A N AG E M E N T
T E M P O R A RY U S E O F U R B A N R E S I D UA L A R E A S Master’s Thesis / Aalto University
H E L S I N K I B E YO N D D R E A M S
B O O K A B O U T N E W U R B A N C U LT U R E I N H K ISelf-published
PA RT I C I PATO RY A N D U S E R -C E N T E R E D D E S I G N F O R T H E B U I LT E N V I R O N M E N T Various clients: e.g. cities + construction companies
T H E O F F I C I A L O P E N I N G O F T H E K A L A S ATA M A H A R B O R S H O R E R O U T E , 2 0 1 0.
P H OTO : H E L L A H E R N B E R G
THE CITY AS PLATFORM
Hernberg, H.(ed) (2012) Helsinki Beyond Dreams - Actions towards a Creative and Sustainable Hometown. Helsinki: Urban Dream Management
W E LOV E H E L S I N K I B I C YC L E DAY AT K A L A S ATA M A , J U LY 2 0 1 1 . P H OTO : J O H A N N E S R O M P PA N E N
HOW CAN DESIGN SUPPORT NEW FORMS OF DOING AND MAKING
IN THE SOCIETY?
WHAT ARE THE ROLES OF “DESIGNER” AND “USER” IN THIS
PROCESS?
TOP
plan
implement
DOWN
F R O M ‘ TO P- D OW N ’ O R ‘ B OT TO M - U P ’ TOWA R D S A N I T E R AT I V E P R O C E S S . I N S P I R AT I O N : M A R CO S T E I N B E R G
StrategiesFrameworks
Projects Experiments
BROAD TARGETS
BROAD CONTEXT
PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE
SPECIFIC CONTEXTF R O M ‘ TO P- D OW N ’ O R ‘ B OT TO M - U P ’ TOWA R D S A N I T E R AT I V E P R O C E S S . I N S P I R AT I O N : M A R CO S T E I N B E R G
WORKING AS AN EMBEDDED DESIGNER
AT THE MINISTRY OF THE ENVIRONMENT
VIA DESIGN EXCHANGE PROGRAMME (DEP)
11/2012 - 11/2013
HOW CAN DESIGN SERVE THE PUBLIC SECTOR?
MOST IMPORTANT DESIGN TOOLS AT THE DEP
PROGRAMME:
• HUMAN-CENTERED DESIGN
• SYSTEMS THINKING: “ARCHITECTURE OF THE PROBLEM”
• VISUALIZATION AS A TOOL TO AID COMMUNICATION
AND DECISION-MAKING
Mentoring and being a
“different” team member:
changing the organisation
from the inside
Concrete
outcomes and
projects with / for
stakeholders
New thinking
within the
ministry
Openness towards
outside: participation
processes and user-
centered design of
policy tools
INSIDE
AIM
SW
OR
K P
RA
CTIC
ES
OUTSIDE
DEP PROGRAMME AT THE MINISTRY OF THE ENVIRONMENT: DIFFERENT POSITIONS OF THE DESIGNER
TWO PROJECTS:
GREEN HOME (EKOKOTI)
• Role: mentor
• Position: Inside
• Existing project
VACANT SPACES (TYHJÄT TILAT)
• Role: Project leader
• Position: Inside – Outside
• New project
VACANT SPACES How to make better use of unused spaces?
VAC A N T O F F I C E S PAC E I N M E R I H A K A , H E L S I N K I
P H OTO : J O H A N N E S R O M P PA N E N
VACANT SPACES
ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN RENOVATIONS
LEGAL INSTRUMENTSIN PRACTICE
CLIMATE FRIENDLY URBAN PLANNING
MATERIAL EFFICIENCY AND LIFESPAN OF BUILDINGS CULTURAL
HERITAGE STRATEGY
SMART TECHNOLOGIES
AFFORDABLE HOUSING
ENHANCING CO-OPERATIVE BUILDING
VACANT SPACES / DEP : FINDING THE PROBLEM AREA FOR A NEW PROJECTWITHIN THE MINISTRY OF THE ENVIRONMENT
UNDERUSED OFFICE SPACES
O F F I C E B LO C K S I N K A L A S ATA M A 2 0 1 3 . P H OTO : H E L L A H E R N B E R G
OULU 8.5% / 50 500 m2
VAASA 7.7% /19 200 m2
KUOPIO 6.8% / 21 700 m2
JYVÄSKYLÄ 8.1% / 29 000 m2
TAMPERE 9.4% / 80 500 m2
LAHTI 7.8 % / 19 800 m2
TURKU 9.6% / 71 900 m2
ESPOO 20.2% / 321 400 m2
VANTAA 13.2% / 118 000 m2
HELSINKI 10.2% /627 700 m2
C AT E L L A P R O P E RT Y OY: VAC A N C Y R AT E O F O F F I C E S PAC E / A M O U N T O F E M P T Y O F F I C E S PAC E , Q 4 / 2 0 1 3
VACANCY RATES OF OFFFICES IN FINLAND:
VAC A N C Y R AT E O F O F F I C E S PAC E I N H E L S I N K I M E T R O P O L I TA N R E G I O N . S O U R C E : C AT E L L A P R O P E RT Y OY
20
%
15
10
5
95 00 05 10
ESPOO 20.2%321400 m2
VANTAA 13.2%118 000 m2
HELSINKI 10.2% 627 700m2
DEVELOPMENT OF OFFICE VACANCY RATE
CLOSED MILITARY AREAS
L A H T I , H E N N A L A M I L I TA RY A R E A 2 0 1 3 . P H OTO : H E L L A H E R N B E R G
KAUHAVA: 44 500 m2 / 129 ha
KONTIOLAHTI: 52 100 m2 / 158 ha
JÄMSÄ: 30 700 m2 / 77 ha
KEURUU: 54 200 m2 / 57 ha
LAHTI: 64 200 m2 / 75 ha
KIRKONMAA: 14 000 m2 / 31 ha
RANKKI: 7 100 m2 / 49 ha
M I L I TA RY A R E A S C LO S E D D OW N I N 2 0 1 3 -2 0 1 4 . L Ä H D E : S E N A AT T I - K I I N T E I S T Ö T
KUNTALIITOKSET
TO R N I O A D M I N I S T R AT I V E B LO C K S . P H OTO : W W W. S E N A AT T I M Y Y. F I
ADMINISTRATIVE BLOCKS IN SMALL
TOWNS
THE FINNISH WAY OF
• BUILDING
• PLANNING
• GOVERNING
THE BUILT
ENVIRONMENT
IS BASED ON THE LOGIC OF NEW CONSTRUCTION.
THE FOCUS OF THE BUILDING INDUSTRY IS MOVING FROM BUILDING NEW TO RENOVATING THE EXISTING.
FINNISH BUILDING STOCK PER YEAR OF CONSTRUCTION VALUE OF NEW CONSTRUCTION (BLUE) AND RENOVATION (RED) IN HOUSING
H E I N O N E N J, S Ä Y N Ä J O K I A , J U N N I L A S ( 2 0 1 1 ) : A LO N G I T U D I N A L S T U DY O N T H E C A R B O N E M I S S I O N S O F A N E W R E S I D E N T I A L D E V E LO P M E N T. A A LTO U N I V E R S I T Y S C H O O L O F E N G I N E E R I N G
250 000 T
200 000 T
150 000 T
100 000 T
50 000 T
CO2
0 5 10 15 20 25 Y
new construction
existing building stock
“ENERGY EFFICIENCY” MAY LEAD TO MORE EMISSIONS IF WE DON’T LOOK AT THE BIG PICTURE.
WE NEED A NEW LOGIC FOR OPERATING IN A BUILT ENVIRONMENT THAT IS:
• ADAPTABLE TO CHANGES• LONG LASTING• RESOURCE EFFICIENT• CULTURALLY VALID
COLLABO-RATION ”BRIEF”
TO BE CONTI-NUED?
INTERVIEWS WITH STAKEHOLDERSSTATISTICSBIG PICTURE
ANALYSING CASES OF REPURPOSED BUILDINGS
WORKSHOPS WITH STAKEHOLDERSOPEN COMMUNI-CATIONMINISTRY WOR-KING GROUP
MINISTRY WORKING GROUP
PRACTICES, CONCEPTS
PUBLIC DIS-CUSSION
01-03/2013 04-05/2013 06-10/2013 10/2013
RESEARCH
EVALUATION OF LAND USE AND BUILDING ACT
VACANT SPACES PROJECT: WORKING PROCESS
CASESTUDIES
INTERPRETATION
S, C
UST
OM
S
INTERPRETATION
S, C
UST
OM
S
DURATION OF THE PROCESS?
BUILDING OWNER
USERS
INVES-TORS URBAN
PLANNING AUTHORITY
MUNICIPAL POLITICS
DESIG-NER
CONSTRUC-TOR
NEW PRACTI-
CES?
ROICALCULA-TION MO-
DELS
VALUES
BUILDING CONTROL
LEGISLA-TION
INTERPRETATIO
N
RESPONSIBILITIES
CUSTOMS
INDIVIDUAL BUILDING’S QUALITIESSUITABILITY FOR A NEW PURPOSESOVELTUVUUS UUTEEN KÄYTTÖÖNPRECONDITIONS FOR A NEW FUNCTIONAL PURPOSE ENERGY EFFICIENCY VS MATERIAL EFFICIENCYHEALTH AND SAFETYINTERPRETATION OF NORMSCOSTS AND RETURN
LOCATIONFUTURE PROSPECTSDESIRED FUNCTIONS OF THE AREAPRECONDITIONS FOR A NEW FUNTION IN THE AREALIVEABILITY, NOISE, ETC TRAFFIC, PARKINGFEES FOR CHANGING THE URBAN PLAN
INTE
RMED
IATE
U
SE?
NEEDS VS
REQUIREMENTS
PRIVATE VS COM-
MON INTEREST
FRA
ME-
WO
RK
USERS’ NEEDS AND IDEA
S?
USERS’ NEEDS VS STANDARD SOLUTIONS?
REPURPOSING OF A BUILDING: THE PROCESS AS A NETWORK OF STAKEHOLDERS
NEW SERVICES?
B I G P H OTO : T I L ATO N WO R K S H O P I N M I K K E L I . P H OTO : A RT S P R O M OT I O N C E N T R E F I N L A N D / M I K K E L I
S M A L L P H OTO S : VAC A N T S PAC E S WO R K S H O P S I N H E L S I N K I . P H OTO S : J O H A N N E S R O M P PA N E N
WORKING TOGETHER
SPACE USER
REAL ESTATE AGENT
OPEN DATA EXPERT
SOCIAL MEDIA EXPERT
MARKET ANALYST
CO-OP BUILDER
SOSIO-LOGIST
URBAN PLANNER
CONSTRUCTOR
INVESTOR
LAWYER
BUILDING OWNER
ARCHITECT / ENGINEER
”PIONEER” ENTREPRE-NEUR
BUILDING CONTROL
MUSEUM AUTHO-RITY
OTHER MI-NISTRIES
REAL ESTATE DEVELOPER
RESEARCH PHASE
VACANT SPACES:
THE INTERACTION PROCESS
WITH STAKEHOLDERS
UNDERSTANDING OF PROCESSES, BOTTLENECKS AND POSSIBILITIES
BRINGING DIFFERENT VIEWPOINTS TOGETHER
WORKING WITH AND ACTIVATING STAKEHOLDERSPERSPECTIVES TO LAW
EVALUATION
MINISTRY WORKING GROUP
OPEN COMMUNICATION“CROWDSOURCING”
BRUNCH DISCUSSION
OPEN WORKSHOP
MEETINGS WITH DIFFERENT MINISTRIES: TEM, VM, YM
OPEN IDEAS POLL
EXPERT WORKSHOP
BRIEF FOR NEXT PHASES
INTERVIEWS AND OBSERVATIONS WITH STAKEHOLDERS, CASE ANALYSES
A L L T H E VAC A N T S PAC E S W E R E H E L D I N E M P T Y O F F I C E S PAC E S . P H OTO S : J O H A N N E S R O M P PA N E N
C A M E LOT VAC A N T P R O P E RT Y M A N AG E M E N T / “ L I V E - I N G UA R D I A N S ” L I V I N G I N U N U S E D O F F I C E S PAC E .
TEMPORARY AND FLEXIBLE USE OF SPACE
OPENING UP REAL ESTATE DATA?WHICH REAL ESTATE OWNER WOULD BE FIRST?
I M AG E F R O M S ATO K A RT TA . N E T
BUILDING CONVERSIONS
G O O G L E DATA C E N T E R AT T H E F O R M E R S U M M A PA P E R M I L L D E S I G N E D BY A LVA R A A LTO
P H OTO : G O O G L E / CO N N I E C H O U
CHALLENGE:
HOW TO EVALUATE
BUILDINGS BUILT DURING
OUR OWN LIFETIME?
O F F I C E B LO C K I N M E R I H A K A , H E L S I N K I . P H OTO S : J O H A N N E S R O M P PA N E N
CHALLENGES IN INTERPRETING LAWS AND
REGULATIONS
• REGULATIONS ARE BASED ON FLEXIBLE, CASE BY CASE
CONSIDERATION
• THIS REQUIRES SPECIAL EXPERTISE FROM DESIGNERS,
AUTHORITIES AND BUILDERS.
• IF THE REGULATIONS ARE NOT KNOWN WELL, SPOKEN
TRUTHS AND PRACTICES BECOME GUIDING “NORMS”.
P H OTO : S A R A I K Ä VA L KO, D E S I G N E XC H A N G E P R O G R A M M E / L A H T I
USER - LED PRACTICES
LO F T T I L A / A R K K I T E C T U R E A N D D E S I G N AG E N C Y TA L L I : P H OTO : S T E FA N B R E M E R
”If it is possible to build and sell a new ’raw space’ as in the loft principle, why wouldn’t this be possible when converting existing
buildings into housing?”- P I A I LO N E N , D E S I G N E R O F LO F T T I L A A PA RT M E N T S
LOFT TILA: THE RESIDENT BUILDS HER APARTMENT IN A “RAW SPACE”
MARGARIINITEHDAS (MARGARINE FACTORY) – A NEW JOINT BUILDING VENTURE PROJECT IN HELSINKIWWW.MARGARIINITEHDAS. COM
MARGARIINITEHDAS: JOINT BUILDING VENTURE IN A CONVERSION PROJECT
P O RT L A N D WO R K S : S H A R E H O L D E R S M E E T I N G AT T H E FAC TO RY. W W W. P O RT L A N DWO R K S .CO.U KP H OTO : K A R L M C AU L E Y
PORTLAND WORKS: A CROWDFUNDED RENOVATION PROJECT
W H AT C A N YO U D O? A P L A N O F AC T I O N F O R T H E R E A D E R / VAC A N T S PAC E S R E P O RT
1Tyhjät tilat | 2014Helsinki 2014 | Y M PÄ R i s TÖ M i n i s T e R i Ö
tyhjät tilatNäkökulmia ja keinoja olemassa olevan rakennuskannan uusiokäyttöön
Helsinki 2014 | YM PÄR i sTÖ M i n i sTe R i Ö
Hella Hernberg Urban Dream Management
T H E VAC A N T S PAC E S R E P O RT C A N B E D OW N LOA D E D H E R E
DESIGN ASPECTS IN DEP / THE MINISTRY OF THE ENVIRONMENT
INTERACTION PROCESSES
Deeper understanding of the context and the needs and views of stakeholders
How policy tools work in practice
Opening up unfinished processes to citizens and stakeholders, introducing new stakeholders
Taking light risks with small investments with quick, scaleable experiments
Supporting better decision making and communication
Instead of efficiency, redesign a better solution
Internal and external interaction processes and culturesBreaking typical patterns of behaviorBringing different views together and finding mutual understandingDesign of space and situation for fruitful collaboration
OPEN COMMUNICATION
EXPERIMENTS, ITERATION
VISUALISATION
NEW LOGIC
HUMAN CENTERED DESIGN METHODS, ETHNOGRAPHY
KIITOS! THANK YOU!
Hella Hernberg
Urban Dream Management
www.urbandreammanagement.com
www.hellahernberg.com
www.urbandreammanagement.com