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lecture for Department of Design students
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EMERGING MAKER CULTURE
DESIGN AND CULTURE 22 September 2014
Cindy Kohtala, doctoral candidate, DoD NODUS Sustainable Design Research Group
FIELDWORK: What are the drivers for key actors in maker communities to comply with sustainability principles? What are the barriers for key actors to consider environmental sustainability in their actions and decisions? MAKER 2020 WORKSHOP | DISCUSSION EVENTS LITERATURE
MY DOCTORAL RESEARCH:
What are the environmental sustainability issues in Fab Labs?
How are these issues currently addressed/represented in Fab Labs?
THE MAKER MOVEMENT
(what’s published?)
(what do experts think?)
(what’s happening?)
(what’s discussed?)
AND SUSTAINABILITY
p2pfoundation.net/Maker_Movement
discourses in the Maker Movement vary
offering an alternative to mass production/consumption
fablab.aalto.fi/site/ tools, spaces for making
MIT-Fablab Norway Fablab Amsterdam Aalto Fablab
wiki.fablab.is/wiki/Fab_Lab_conformity_rating open access and collaboration
helsinki.hacklab.fi
www.kaupunkiverstas.fi/en/ maker spaces in libraries and museums
www.pixelache.ac/pixelversity/trashlab/
exploring waste
www.facebook.com/groups/trashlab/ fixer events
Kääntöpöytä urban agriculture. growing. Transition Labs.
publiclab.org citizen science. DIY bio. bio-hackerspaces.
www.madeinkallio.fi co-working spaces for designer-makers. local production.
www.lasercutstudio.com/home.html commercial support of making
what makers do
www.fab10.org/en/awards
3rd prize
2nd prize
note that source files are always made available
First Prize
www.instructables.com
where to share
makezine.com
www.makerfairerome.eu
makercon.com
commercial opportunities becoming more interesting…
n-e-r-v-o-u-s.com www.freedomofcreation.com now cubify.com/en/Store/FreshFiberTech opportunities for designers
WÄRK:fest
local Finnish maker event
IMAGE SOURCE: Baran, P., 1964. On Distributed Communications: I. Introduction to Distributed Communications Networks (Rand Memorandum No. RM-3420-PR). RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA.
distributed production
Factory 2.0
DIY 2.0
Web 2.0
commons- based peer
production
material
digital
digital manufacturing
distributed, personal
distributed, personalized
prosumption
distributed hardware
distributed software
Van Abel, B., Evers, L., Klaasen, R., Troxler, P., 2011. Open Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive. BIS Publishers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Massimo Menichinelli: www.openp2pdesign.org Thomas Lommee: www.openstructures.net
www.github.com open design processes
www.wikihouse.cc
MODULARITY
IMAGE SOURCE: http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_pSNabJTo2OQ/S48kRNP7SjI/AAAAAAAAAME/Wt2a2vRgURw/s1600-h/01.2.1.4.a.Mondrian4.jpeg
IMPROVISATION IMAGE SOURCE: http://pollockwall.com
MAKER CULTURE
empowering
mat
eria
l-exp
lora
tive
open
inve
ntiv
e hybrid craft
DIY 2.0
Fab Labs
repair cafés
Transition Labs
Green Labs
hacktivism
citizen science
citizen sensors hackerspaces
open innovation
bio-hacking
open design
DIWO
open hardware
Benkler, Y., 2006. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Produc@on Transforms Markets and Freedom. Yale University Press, New Haven, CA. Bauwens, M., Mendoza, N., Iacomella, F., 2012. A Synthe@c Overview of the Collabora@ve Economy. Orange Labs and P2P Founda@on. Sterling, B., 2005. Shaping Things, Mediawork Pamphlet Series. The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA. Doctorow, C., 2009. Makers. Harper Voyager, London.
Gershenfeld, N., 2005. FAB: The Coming Revolu@on on Your Desktop – From Personal Computers to Personal Fabrica@on. Basic Books, New York. Walter-‐Herrmann, J., Büching, C. (Eds.), 2013. Fab Lab: Of Machines, Makers and Inventors, Cultural and Media Studies. Transcript Verlag, Bielefeld, Germany. Jarkko Moilanen: h_p://[email protected] Kohtala, C., 2013. Shaping Sustainability in Fab Labs, in: Melkäs, H., Buur, J. (Eds.), Proceedings of the Par@cipatory Innova@on Conference PIN-‐C 2013, LUT Scien@fic and Exper@se Publica@ons, Tutkimusrapor@t – Research Reports No. 6. pp. 287–290. h_ps://blogs.aalto.fi/makerculture/2013/05/22/shaping-‐sustainability-‐in-‐fab-‐labs/
Anderson, C., 2012. Makers: The New Industrial Revolu@on. Random House Business Books, New York, NY. Marsh, P., 2012. The New Industrial Revolu@on: Consumers, Globaliza@on and the End of Mass Produc@on. Yale University Press, New Haven, CA. Raasch, C., Hersta_, C., Balka, K., 2009. On the open design of tangible goods. R&D Manage. 39, 382–393.