Lancaster as a sharing city

LANCASTER AS A SHARING CITYan interdisciplinary exploration

and thought experiment

Serena Pollastri, Rachel Cooper, Chris Boyko, Stephen Clune, Claire Coulton, Nick Dunn

Imagination at Lancaster University

RESEARCH BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

_context

_context

2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

phase 1

phase 2Research and testingComplementary themes

research challenges:

1_ Urban metabolism

2_ Wellbeing

3_ Low carbon energy

4_ Future visions

5_ Engineering strategies

sha

rin

g c

ity

ra

dic

al

mo

bil

itie

s

eco

syst

em se

rv

iced

cit

y

re-

zon

ed c

ity

investing city

cit

y o

f sy

nt

hes

ised

flo

ws

delivering the liveable city

_Research questions

1) What could a sharing city look like and how does it function? a. What gets shared in the sharing city? b. Who shares (e.g., between groups, between cities)? c. How does sharing occur?

d. Why?

2) What needs to be done to develop a system in cities that encourages sharing that improves wellbeing/energy use/governance/resource sharing

a. Who does it?

b. What are the barriers to creating and maintaining such a sharing city?

3) Can sharing cities reduce carbon and other resource use while positively impacting wellbeing? a. How do sharing cities impact individual, community and planetary wellbeing?

b. Is sharing equal for all parties involved?

SHARING CITIES?

_What is a sharing city?

We define Sharing Cities as cities where individualistic consumption of resources and ideologies are valued less than those that emphasise the collective benefit to citizens and other stakeholders.

A sharing city is a city that:

- treats its resources and opportunities as commons to be shared equally

- enables creative bottom up initiatives of sharing to emerge, and provides the infrastructure that is necessary to amplify positive weak signals. Reconsiders the traditional production-consumption paradigm in favour of collaborative models

- has an open and receptive approach to governance

_What is a sharing city?

Sharing city

= City of sharing economy

_What is sharing?

sharing

gift givingeconomic exchange _ special occasion

_ the thoughts counts more than what is given_ implies reciprocity_transfer of ownership

_ everyday life_ impersonal_ implies compensation_ transfer of ownership

_ nonceremonial_ care, love, social links._ reciprocity is not expected_ shared ownership or usufruct rights

Belk, Russell. 2010. “Sharing.” Journal of Consumer Research 36 (5): 715–34.

_Dimensions of sharing

sharing

gift givingeconomic exchange


sharing in

e.g. My partner and I share an allotment

e.g. Gardensharesharing out


sharing

gift givingeconomic exchange


sharing in

e.g. My partner and I share an allotment

e.g. Gardenshare

e.g. City park, community gardens

sharing out

commons


sharing in

private ownership public good

sharing out commons

Sharing economy, collaborative consumption, peer-to-peer economy


sharing in

private ownership public good

sharing out commons

Sharing economy, collaborative consumption, peer-to-peer economy

sharing city

HOW LIVEABLE CITIES IS LOOKING AT THE MATTER

_Research lenses

sharing in sharing out commons

sharing city

urban metabolism (flows)

future visions, radical engineering

governance and finance

low-carbon energywellbeing,

mobilities, aspirations

_Research context

LANCASTER, UK

LANCASTER AS A SHARING CITYWORKSHOP

LANCASTER AS A SHARING CITY WORKSHOP

Making things visible and tangible

Imagine future scenarios of sharing

connecting what happens now on a small, disconnected scale, to ideas on what would happen if these solutions were amplified, new services and infrastructures were created, and obstacles that prevent sharing were removed.

_Making sharing visible and tangible

sharing a hillside*

Fair Trade International

Fair Trade Towns International

Sharing Knowledge Academic Project

Sharing ideas (education and academia)

Peer Education Information about planning for the future.Have worked with others to devise a portfolio and run workshops. Also a member of Transition

FreeglingReusing unwanted

items

Incredible EdibleLancaster community gardens (all in public space)

Garden Share

Claver Hill Community food

growing project/farm.

We share 12 chickens with 7

households.My day is Saturday.

Research on Lancaster food groups

Sharing knowledge on environmental sustainability

Member of ESTAgoing to sell tea and hand made cups in local community as well as creating poetry

Building community

Online system that allows older adult to teach English to non-native speakersTo create shared experiences by developing an

Green LancasterSharing food and space

Ethical Small Trade

Association(ESTA)

Friend of the Storey

Garden

School lifts car sharing

Lancaster - Glasson Dock

Lancaster Arts Partners

Art City Project

Lancaster community car-club

Morecambe Libraryshares its building with young people service

Library- venue share - information support.- local community groups- resources (books, computer, DVD...)- volunteers and friends sharing time

Park Friends group*

sharing space

sharing kn ow ledge

sharing ideas

sharing things

sharing Time sharing

experiences

sharing skills

sharing Food

sharing mobility

sharing go vernance

Categories (what is shared)

Examples:

Happens in one key space

Happens in a network of spaces

Part of a bigger network

info

rmal

form

al

Key to the diagram:


LANCASTERLIBRARY

MORECAMBELIBRARY

COMMUNITYGARDENS

SHARING CHICKENS

COMMUNITYGARDENS

COMMUNITYGARDENS

COMMUNITYGARDENS

THE STOREYS

GARDEN

COMMUNITYGARDENS

COMMUNITYGARDENS

FAIRFIELDCOMMUNITY GARDENS

COMMUNITYFARM

GROWING SPACE

HOMEGARDEN

HOMEGARDEN

HOMEGARDEN

HOMEGARDEN

Shared spaces open to the public

Key to the map:


Map of spaces of sharing

open to everybody

open to “members”


Mapping current and potential connections, and learnings.

_Imagine future scenarios of sharing

- Five tables. Each table has a map of Lancaster, some material (markers, play-doh, blocks..)

- We asked: what would you Create / Amplify / Destroy

THEMES AND ISSUES

HUBS

AND

BR

IDGE

S

Redesign mobility

Bridge Lancaster-Morecambe

New models of governance

Rethink local economy

Spaces for sharing

Focus on values

Time for sharing

Communication in and outside

the network

Knowledge exchange

Food as a catalyst

Redesignmobility

nd outsidtandnd the networkwththe

Spacessharin

Rethecon

ones

dcatalystcat overnancencv

gegege

-e

rg

public space as sharing platform

dedicated sharing hubs

local version of“sharing economy”?

spaces and networks to enable knowledge

sharing

(car free) physical infrastructure to support

sharing

non-physical infrastructure to enable sharing (communication and participation)

community use of underutilized resources

in schools

pede

stri

an L

anca

ster

know

ledg

e ex

chan

ge

betw

een

univ

ersi

ty, N

GO

s,

ente

rpre

neur

s, c

omm

unit

y

park

and

ride

ampl

ify

cent

ral r

ole

of li

brar

y

hitc

hiki

ng p

oint

s U

nive

rsity

/tow

n

shar

ing

food

, sha

ring

sto

ries

, ca

ptur

e va

lues

Lanc

aste

r Uni

vers

ity tr

ain

stat

ion

ampl

ify fo

od e

cono

my

transp

ort bet

ween La

ncaste

r,

More

cam

be,and vi

llages

mark

et as a

sharin

g platfo

rm

connect Lancaster/M

orecambe for

Morecambe’s wellbeing

school kitc

hens for

community use

create time to activate volunteers

space in school to be used

as coop space

rethink work hours/wage to value

time spent in community

Corner stores as cultural hubs

create trust; prioritise openness,

transparency, emotions. Value

driven rather than task driven

communal eco-centre

(in place of Primark)Communicate sharing

destroy Primark (opening in Fall 2015)

Re-brand Lancaster as a

Sharing City

more spaces for people to get together

network of community “notice

boards”

more public space

(parks/along river)

create ways to get people’s voice

heard

pedestrian spaces for

walking and doing

no City Council

the A6 through route

collaborative representation

(instead of city council)

the one way system

new governance: “pow

er with”

rather than “power over”

severely reduce cars

manage sharing

safer bike access

_Lancaster as a sharing city

_Themes

THEMES AND ISSUES

HUBS

AND

BR

IDGE

SRedesign mobility




Spaces for sharing

Focus on values

Time for sharing


the network

Knowledge exchange

Food as a catalyst

Redesignmobility


Spacessharin

Rethecon

ones


gegege

-e

rg





sharing


sharing



in schools

pede

stri

an L

anca

ster

know

ledg

e ex

chan

ge

betw

een

univ

ersi

ty, N

GO

s,

ente

rpre

neur

s, c

omm

unit

y

park

and

ride

ampl

ify

cent

ral r

ole

of li

brar

y

hitc

hiki

ng p

oint

s U

nive

rsity

/tow

n

shar

ing

food

, sha

ring

sto

ries

, ca

ptur

e va

lues

Lanc

aste

r Uni

vers

ity tr

ain

stat

ion

ampl

ify fo

od e

cono

my

transp

ort bet

ween La

ncaste

r,

More

cam

be,and vi

llages

mark

et as a

sharin

g platfo

rm

connect Lancaster/M

orecambe for


school kitc

hens for

community use



as coop space







communal eco-centre




Sharing City



boards”

more public space

(parks/along river)


heard


walking and doing

no City Council




the one way system


er with”



manage sharing

safer bike access

_Hubs and Bridges

THEMES AND ISSUES

HUBS

AND

BR

IDGE

S

Redesign mobility




Spaces for sharing

Focus on values

Time for sharing


the network

Knowledge exchange

Food as a catalyst

Redesignmobility


Spacessharin

Rethecon

ones


gegege

-e

rg





sharing


sharing



in schools

pede

stri

an L

anca

ster

know

ledg

e ex

chan

ge

betw

een

univ

ersi

ty, N

GO

s,

ente

rpre

neur

s, c

omm

unit

y

park

and

ride

ampl

ify

cent

ral r

ole

of li

brar

y

hitc

hiki

ng p

oint

s U

nive

rsity

/tow

n

shar

ing

food

, sha

ring

sto

ries

, ca

ptur

e va

lues

Lanc

aste

r Uni

vers

ity tr

ain

stat

ion

ampl

ify fo

od e

cono

my

transp

ort bet

ween La

ncaste

r,

More

cam

be,and vi

llages

mark

et as a

sharin

g platfo

rm

connect Lancaster/M

orecambe for


school kitc

hens for

community use



as coop space







communal eco-centre




Sharing City



boards”

more public space

(parks/along river)


heard


walking and doing

no City Council




the one way system


er with”



manage sharing

safer bike access

_Hubs (some ideas)

Public space as a sharing platform

Community use of underutilised spaces in schools

_Hubs (some ideas)

Image: http://foodcycle.org.uk/

“what if school kitchen were used by the community outside school hours?”

Spaces and networks to enable knowledge sharing

_Hubs and bridges (some ideas)

Car-free mobility infrastructure to connect (necessary for sharing)

_Bridges (some ideas)“first of all, let’s create better connections by getting rid of

traffic.”

Non-physical infrastructure to enable sharing, communication and participation

_Bridges (some ideas)

Image: www.flickr.com/ photos/91429570@N08/8519127455/

WHAT ARE WE DOING NOW

_Research and analysis

sharing in sharing out commons

sharing city

urban metabolism (flows)

future visions, radical engineering

governance and finance

low-carbon energywellbeing,

mobilities, aspirations


example: ENERGY

NATIONAL GRID

TESLA Home battery

Producer to consumer

Safe, resilient, quality

not the grid (different users,

different reasons)

P2P model

MODEL REASON


example: ENERGY

NATIONAL GRID

TESLA Home battery




different reasons)

P2P model

MODEL REASON

altruism necessity

anti-consumerism

resource efficiency


example: ENERGY

NATIONAL GRID

NATIONAL GRID

TESLA Home battery

TESLA Home battery




different reasons)

P2P model

MODEL

SCALES

REASON

centralised formal top down

decentralised informal bottom up


example: ENERGY

NATIONAL GRID

TESLA Home battery




different reasons)

P2P model

MODEL REASON

Implications for wellbeing, resources, resilience, governance?

_Conclusions (?)

THANK YOU º DANKJEWEL

Serena [email protected]

@sere_miru

our blog: [email protected]

@LivCityLancs

Design

Lancaster as a sharing city