Leaning Project Delivery: Altering the Cost = Risk Equation

The Design Partnership LLP

Architects + Planners

Leaning Project Delivery

Altering the “Cost = Risk” Equation

Agenda1.Design Technology2.Construction Technologies3.The “Risk = Cost” Equation



Waste Reduction

• 40% of US solid waste stream is construction waste.1

1. US Green Building Council

Image courtesy of Washington Times.



Waste Reduction



1. Design Technology

• Virtual Simulation/Pre-visualization

• Building Information Modeling (BIM)

• Clash Detection (Pre-coordination)



Virtual EnvironmentsPre-visualization

Simulation





Virtual Equipment Simulation



Design Visualization



Design Visualization



Simulation & Virtual Prototyping

• Test Equipment Layout for Critical Spaces– Surgery Suites– Nurse Stations

• Test Sightlines• Test Processes• Test Aesthetics

Reduced waste of User Changes after construction.



Building Information Modeling (BIM)



BIM is a Database



Building Information Modeling (BIM)



BIM is a 3D Database



A Federated Model



• Reduced Document Coordination Effort• No duplication of effort between A/E• Real-time Project Metrics

Time for Efficient Design & Systems Coordination

Documentation Waste



Clash Detection(Pre-coordination)



3D Laser Survey



Clash Detection & Coordination

Where is the coordination

error?

Structural Plan

Mechanical Plan





Rework Waste Prevention

• Coordination with existing conditions• Coordination between building systems• Increased systems awareness• Architects & Engineers (and sometimes

the contractor and subcontractors) communicate and share knowledge

Reduced waste of rework due to spatial coordination.



2. Construction Technology

• 3D Shop Drawings• Direct Fabrication• Prefabrication• Capabilities



3D Shop Drawings


Architects + PlannersImage courtesy of Marelich Mechanical





Direct Fabrication


Architects + PlannersImages courtesy of Marelich Mechanical

Direct Fabrication



Direct Fabrication



Direct Fabrication



Direct Fabrication



Prefabrication



Prefabrication



Just-in-time Delivery



Prefabrication



Prefabrication



Prefabrication











Construction Waste Prevention

• Material efficiency algorithms• No part duplication/no lost parts• Reduced labor with direct fabrication• No storage/ just-in-time delivery• Prefabrication labor in shop

Reduced waste of due to field labor.



Capabilities



3D Capable Trades

• HVAC• Plumbing• Structural Steel• Precast Concrete• Rebar• Steel Stud Walls• Curtain Walls, etc.• Millwork• Unit Restrooms• Laboratories



Relative Sophistication DisparityGeneral Contractors (Very Low to Low)

Engineers (Very Low to Moderate) Architects (Low to Moderate) Subcontractors (Varies, some extremely

high)

Maximize advantage of sophisticated players

Enhance process for Subs already using 3D

Mentor less advanced members Integrated Project Delivery



3. “Risk = Cost” Equation

• Decrease in Contractor’s Risk• Decrease in Owner’s Risk• Increase in Architect’s

Exposure• Reduced Risk for All = Reduced

Cost



Automatic Document Coordination

3D Systems Coordination

Virtual Building Simulation

Direct Fabrication

Project Delivery Improvement



The Big BIM/IPD/Lean Idea



Reduced Coordination Errors Reduced Unknown Conditions More Efficient Workflow Cooperation & Collaboration Reduced Contingency

Increased Confidence & Reduced Risk

Decrease in Contractor’s Risk



Decrease in Owner’s Risk Reduced Bids Due To Reduced

Contractor Risks Reduced Risk Of

– Change Orders From Unknown Conditions

– Coordination Changes– Fighting Among AEC Entities

Reduced User Changes Due To Better Pre-visualization And Planning

Reduced Risk



Unknown Consequences Of Sharing BIM Information

Design Only Information In BIM ModelExtensive Pre-coordinationFabrication From Design Models

Increased Exposure to Risk

Increase in Architect’s Exposure



Reduced Risk for All = Reduced Cost

Architect’s Exposure However

Architect’s Risk

THE DESIGN

PARTNERSHIP Architects + Planners

Sincerely,Eric Peabody

Questions?

Thank you for your time.