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NATIONAL GALLERY OF ARTS,
WASHINGTON DC
O ARCHITECT: I.M. PEI & JOHN RUSSELL
POPE
O BUILDING: MUSEUM ESTABLISHED IN
1937 FOR THE PUBLIC
O THE BUILDING COMPLEXT CONSISTS
OF
- NEO CLASSICAL WEST WING
DESIGNED BY JOHN RUSSELL POPE.
- MODERN EAST WING
DESIGNED BY I.M. PEI
- THE SCULPTURE GARDEN
THE EAST AND WEST WING ARE
CONNECTED BY SPACIOUS
UNDERGROUND PASSAGE CALLED THE
CONCOURSE.
THE WEST BUILDING
ABOUT THE ARCHITECT
O JOHN RUSSELL POPE WAS AN AMERICAN ARCHITECT.
O HE WAS ARCHITECT FOR WHOM REFINEMENT AND REINTERPRETATION OF A FEW CANONICAL ARCHETYPES HELD GREATER CREATIVE POSSIBILITIES THAN INVENTION OF NEW FORMS.
O HIS TRANSFORMATION OF THE ROMAN PANTHEON AS THE CENTRAL MOTIF AT THE WEST BUILDING OF THE NATIONAL GALLERY OF ART IS ONE OF THE EXAMPLES
O DESIGNED BY JOHN RUSSELL POPE IN
NEO CLASSICAL STYLE.
O IT IS COMPOSED OF PINK TENNESSE
MARBLE.
O THE BUILDING IS IN FORM OF AN
ELONGATED H.
O THE BUILDING IS CENTRED ON A DOME ROTUNDA MODELED ON INTERIOR OF PANTHEON IN ROME.
O EXTENDING IN BOTH THE DIRECTIONS OF THE DOMES ARE SKYLIT SCULPTURE EXHIBITION HALLS.
O BRIGHT GARDEN COURTS PROVIDE A COUNTERPOINT TO THE LONG MAIN AXIS OF THE BUILDING.
DAYLIGHTING IN THE WEST WING
THE MEANS OF NATURAL
LIGHT IN THE WEST
BUILDING WAS MAINLY
THROUGH THE SKYLIGHTS
PROVIDED.
THE EAST BUILDING
ABOUT THE ARCHITECT
O I.M. PEI IS A CHINESE ARCHITECT KNOWN FOR MODERN ARCHITECTURE.
O PEI'S STYLE IS DESCRIBED AS THOROUGHLY MODERNIST, WITH SIGNIFICANT CUBISTTHEMES.
O HE IS KNOWN FOR COMBINING TRADITIONAL ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENTS WITH PROGRESSIVE DESIGNS BASED ON SIMPLE GEOMETRIC PATTERNS.
O DESIGNED BY I.M. PEI.
O IT IS RIGOROUSLY GEOMETRICAL DIVIDING THE TRAPEZOIDAL SITE INTO TWO TRAINGLES.
O THE ISOSCELES TRIANGLE HOUSES THE MUSEUM’S PUBLIC FUNCTIONS.
O THE RIGHT TRIANGLE WORKS AS A STUDY CENTER.
THE EAST WING IS ALSO
MADE IN PINK TENNESEE
MARBLE WHICH GIVES A
PLEASING VISUAL EFFECT
AT NIGHT.
TO EMPHASIZE THE SHARP ANGLES,
THOUGH, LIGHTER STONE WAS USED
FOR THE VERTICAL CORNERS.
THE TRIANGLES IN TURN BECAME THE
BUILDING'S ORGANIZED MOTIF,
ECHOED AND REPEATED IN EVERY
DIMENSION.
DAYLIGHTING IN EAST WING
O THE BUILDING'S MOST DRAMATIC FEATURE IS ITS HIGH ATRIUM DESIGNED AS AN OPEN INTERIOR COURT.
O IT IS ENCLOSED BY A SCULPTURAL SPACE FRAME SPANNING 16,000 SQUARE FEET (1,500 M2).
O THE ATRIUM IS CENTERED ON THE SAME AXIS THAT FORMS THE CIRCULATION SPINE FOR THE WEST BUILDING AND CONSTRUCTED IN THE SAME TENNESSEE MARBLE.
THE ATRIUM HAS PYRAMIDAL
SKYLIGHTS BENEATH WHICH IS A
CALDER MOBILE IS MADE.
CALDER MOBILESO A MOBILE IS A TYPE OF
KINETIC SCULPTURE CONSTRUCTED TO TAKE ADVANTAGE OF THE PRINCIPLE OF EQUILIBRIUM.
O IT CONSISTS OF A NUMBER OF RODS, FROM WHICH WEIGHTED OBJECTS OR FURTHER RODS HANG.
O THE OBJECTS HANGING FROM THE RODS BALANCE EACH OTHER, SO THAT THE RODS REMAIN MORE OR LESS HORIZONTAL.
O EACH ROD HANGS FROM ONLY ONE STRING, WHICH GIVES IT FREEDOM TO ROTATE ABOUT THE STRING.
THE CONCOURSE
O THE UNDERGROUND SPACIOUS
PASSAGE CONNECTS BOTH THE
WINGS.
O THE CONCOURSE IS LIT BY A SERIES OF TETRAHEDRON SKYLIGHTS WHICH ARE THERE AT REGULAR INTERVALS.
