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What if your favourite apps turned into little machines? What makes physical objects more emotionally engaging than apps? How do we connect to them through our natural senses and cognitive abilities? Together we'll break down some of our favourite apps to their elementals and imagine them as physical machines. We'll examine aspects of experience which can bring us closer to the services we use everyday. How? With a few short hands-on exercises, we'll explore the jobs-to-be-done behind popular apps. Quick prototypes and scenarios of how these might exist as machines will try to uncover what we're after. The ‘Apps as Machines’ workshop was held during ThingsCon in May 2014 in Berlin — by Boris Anthony, Hannes Jentsch and Martin Jordan
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Apps as MachinesThingsCon, BerlinMay 2, 2014
Boris AnthonyHannes JentschMartin Jordan
Boris Anthony@Bopuc
Hannes Jentsch@kaffeetrinken
Martin Jordan@Martin_Jordan
Who’s speaking?
Presenting
Image: mailer_diablo, Overhead projector, used during lessons in a classroomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:OHP-sch.JPG
• expanding the definition of ‘machine’: a physical thing that does a job, that fulfills a need (apps generally do the job of something we had before)
• something tangible, which affords us more opportunities for engagement
Reading
Image: shiwei xu, http://www.cgarchitect.com/2 012 /03 /reading-room8
• engagement with a broader spectrum of our senses
• which in turn engage a broader spectrum of our cognition
• which build deeper, richer memories
Navigating
Image: https://followmi2 ba.wordpress.com
• breaking down popular apps, finding the jobs they do
• imagining those jobs being done by a ‘machine’
• capturing the experiences these ‘machines’ produce and dwell on how we can bring more of those experience to the Things future
Toasting
As we start to make Apps as Machines, what are the building blocks of rich physical experiences we can draw from?
Hypothesis
A physical experience offers usso many opportunities for cognitive,and thus, emotional engagement.
Popular apps’jobs-to-be-done
Personasand Scenarios
Agenda
Make machinesand present them
Your task
Set up your group
Uncovering the jobs behind …
• in order to translate the apps into useful machines we need to understand what apps & services are doing:
- car2go gets you from A to B
- a drill hammer helps you to hang a painting on the wall
- Pinterest supports you in collecting and remembering things
Jobs-to-be-done Framework
Jobs-to-be-done describe the tasks that a product or service is carrying out. People don’t just buy products or just want to use a certain service. They ‘hire’ them to do a job.
— @ClayChristensen, http://www.christenseninstitute.org
• break down some of our favourite apps to their elementals
• examine aspects of their experience
• list the jobs, tasks they are performing
• What is Dropbox doing? What are the jobs-to-be-done?
Your task
Your task
6 Jobs 7 Minutes1 App
APPS AS MACHINES — Uncovering the jobs behind
Dropbox lets you bring all your photos, docs, and videos anywhere and share them easily. Access any file you save to your Dropbox from all your computers, iPhone, iPad, and the web. With Dropbox you’ll always have your important memories and work with you.
Dropbox’s jobs-to-be-done*
Dropbox
— Jobs-to-be-done describe the tasks that a product or service is carrying out. People don’t just buy products or just want to use a certain service. They ‘hire’ them to do a job.
For example: Car2Go gets you from A to B. The drill hammer helps you to hang a painting on the wall. Pinterest supports you in collecting and remembering things. — @ClayChristensen, http://www.christenseninstitute.org
description and screens from Apple AppStore
APPS AS MACHINES — Uncovering the jobs behind
Dropbox lets you bring all your photos, docs, and videos anywhere and share them easily. Access any file you save to your Dropbox from all your computers, iPhone, iPad, and the web. With Dropbox you’ll always have your important memories and work with you.
Dropbox’s jobs-to-be-done*
Dropbox
— Jobs-to-be-done describe the tasks that a product or service is carrying out. People don’t just buy products or just want to use a certain service. They ‘hire’ them to do a job.
For example: Car2Go gets you from A to B. The drill hammer helps you to hang a painting on the wall. Pinterest supports you in collecting and remembering things. — @ClayChristensen, http://www.christenseninstitute.org
description and screens from Apple AppStore
have my documents always with me
retrieve my documents wherever I need them
secure copies of important documents
show photos to my friends & family
collaborate with my colleagues
store my memories of important moments
The right machine for …
Adam31, European traveller ona trip through South Korea
Image: Nokia Brand Photography
• create a scenario with a distinctive point-of-view
• go through your job list, pick one and apply it for Adam
• What is Adam’s situation?
• What are his goals — in this specific situation?
• What are his needs to achieve this goal?
Your task
Job Story Framework
“Job Stories are great because it makes you think about motivation and context and de-emphasizes adding any particular implementation. Often, because people are so focused on the who and how, they totally miss the why. When you start to understand the why, your mind is then open to think of creative and original ways to solve the problem.”
— @AlanKlement, https://medium.com/the-job-to-be-done/af7cdee10c27
Your task
7 Minutes1 Story1 Persona
APPS AS MACHINES — The right machine for …
31, European traveller on a trip through South Korea
JOB-TO-BE-DONE
STORY*
Adam
When (situation)
I want to (need)
So that (goal)
— “Job Stories are great because it makes you think about motivation and context and de-emphasizes adding any particular implementation. Often, because people are so focused on the who and
how, they totally miss the why. When you start to understand the why, your mind is then open to think of creative and original ways to solve the problem.” — @AlanKlement, https://medium.com/the-job-to-be-done/af7cdee10c27
retrieve my documents wherever I need them
I am back from a 3-day trip around the
islands where I’ve been 7 years ago with my university love
APPS AS MACHINES — The right machine for …
31, European traveller on a trip through South Korea
JOB-TO-BE-DONE
STORY*
Adam
When (situation)
I want to (need)
So that (goal)
— “Job Stories are great because it makes you think about motivation and context and de-emphasizes adding any particular implementation. Often, because people are so focused on the who and
how, they totally miss the why. When you start to understand the why, your mind is then open to think of creative and original ways to solve the problem.” — @AlanKlement, https://medium.com/the-job-to-be-done/af7cdee10c27
I am back from a 3-day trip around the
islands where I’ve been 7 years ago with my university love
and sitting in the hotel lounge in the evening
I can verify if I just re-visited the same place
where I have been almost a decade ago.
quickly find photos from a very specific
time and place and compare them to my recent ones
Input for your creation
Image: Gérard de Lairesse’s Allegory of the Five Senses (1668)
Your task
• Think touch, scent, vision, sound, taste – and beyond
• How can your machine be superior to an app that does the same job?
• How can they make use of our natural senses and cognitive abilities?
Your task
8 Minutes1 Cheat Sheet 1 Idea
APPS AS MACHINES — Input for your creation
Cheat Sheet
SENSES
CHARACTERISTICS
STATES
Vision /Sight
Material /Texture
Motion Fast Slow Position
Size /Amount
Full /Empty
Smell /Olfactation
Colour
Touch
Weight Range
Hearing /Audition
Taste /Gustation
Temperature / Thermoception
Balance /Equilibrioception
Time /Chronoception
Constant Rising Rhythmic
Constraints
Avoid screens Avoid keyboards Avoid Little Printers
Inspiration for your video prototype
Your task
• video-prototype to make ideas and concepts graspable
• allows you to discuss concepts with stakeholders
• time constraints help to compress and summarise a concept
• food for thought:- build an experience dummy with low-fi paper prototype- or focus on interaction (less than on situation)- or prototype with volume, while keeping shape simple- or follow a storytelling approach
Low-fi paper prototype
Acting out
Tap-to-record video app recommendations
Vine(6 sec)
Instagram Video(15 sec)
Spark(45 sec)
#ThingsCon
Example of 6-second service documentation
https://vine.co/v/br9z3 x2 2 gbw
Your task
2 0 Minutes1 Idea 1 Video
Your show-time
Meet Adam: Revisiting places on trip in South Korea
https://vine.co/v/MrwAFX5xOum
Take-aways
Take-aways
Leverageall human
capabilities
There areno new
base needs
Design forspecificcontext
From Amazon App …
… to Amazon Dash
Image: Amazon Fresh
• replacing barcode scanner functionality of app
• improved ergonomics & enhanced sensors for special use case
• physicality gives opportunity for more emotional engagement
• general observation: maturation from graduation projects to commercial applications
… to Amazon Dash
CreditsIcons:Max HancockDavid PadrosaJakob VogelOla Möller
Thanks! Thoughts?
Mister PixelNicolas MorandLuis PradoSimple IconsLuiza Peixe
—For more follow @AppsAsMachines on
Workshop impressions
Workshop impressions
Workshop impressions
Workshop impressions
Workshop impressions
Workshop impressions
Workshop impressions