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FUJIFILM Confidential
Introduction to Fujif i lm’s Introduction to Fujif i lm’s
Barium Ferrite TechnologyBarium Ferrite Technology
December 2012
FUJIFILM Recording Media
FUJIFILM Confidential
“Management of exponential data growth continues to be one of the greatest challenges for IT managers in light of shrinking IT budgets and environmental concerns. Tape storage is indeed alive and is the key to success in meeting the data growth challenge in a reliable, cost effective and environmentally safe manner.”
2
Nate ShibataGeneral Manager Recording Media Products Div.
FUJIFILM Corporation
Tape is the Key to Success
FUJIFILM Confidential
Increasing archival data.Tape’s advantage over HDD.Fujifilm’s leadership in Tape industry.Core technology “NANOCUBIC”.About Barium Ferrite.
- 3 advantages of Barium Ferrite. - 4 features of Barium Ferrite. - How the 4 features contribute to the 3 advantages.
Summary
Contents
3
FUJIFILM Confidential
-
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
300,000
350,000
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Amount of data archived is estimated to increase by more than 50% each year.
Unit: Petabytes
5
Source: TSR report
Amount of Data Archived Worldwide
FUJIFILM Confidential
-
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
90,000
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Estimated amount of data archived on tape. Approximately 30% of data stored are and will be put on tape.
Unit: Petabytes
Source: ESG report
6
Amount of Data Stored on Tape
FUJIFILM Confidential
0102030405060708090
100
Data access frequency decreases with the passage of time. In general, 70%~80% of data is rarely accessed again.Should this remain on disk?
Graph of t ime after data created vs data access frequency
Dat
a ac
cess
fre
quen
cy (%
)
7
Source: TSR report
The Reality of Data
FUJIFILM Confidential 8
Studies show that…
the total cost of ownership of LTO5 tape system is 15X less than disk for long term data archives while disk
consumes 238X more energy to store the same amount of data.
Tape’s Advantage over HDD
Source: The Clipper Group
FUJIFILM Confidential
Tape VS HDD Archive cost comparison eg) Data amount increase from 3PB to 88PB in 12 year archive.
Cost (M
illion US$)
Source: Clipper Notes, December 23, 2010
9
Reasons why People use Tape
1) Cost Benefit
0.00
20.00
40.00
60.00
80.00
Tape HDD
Running/ cool ing energy costSpace (area) costHardw are/ Media Maint ainance
FUJIFILM Confidential 10
Reasons why People use Tape
2) Further Advantages of Tape
Greater capacity with potential density increases. Ease of removability.Ease of scalability. Supports WORM (Write Once Read Many). Supports encryption. LTFS (Linear Tape File Systems).
Tape system have further advantages such as below.It is truely the ideal solution for long term data storage, now and in the future.
FUJIFILM Confidential
Tape VS HDD Recording Density Growth
Tape
Hard Disk
CY
0.1
1
10
100
1000
2000 2003 2006 2009 2012 2015 2018
Are
al
Rec
ordi
ng
Den
sity
[Gbp
si]
BF1
BF2
MP’s limit
100%/y
GMR→TMR
LMR→PMR 40 % / y
20 % / y
LMR limit
PMR limit
L5L4
L3
L2
L1
BaFeMP
LTO Roadmap
T10KC
T10KA
T10KB
ATOMM
NANOCUBIC BaFeNANOCUBIC MP
HDDTape DemoLTOT10K
11
FUJIFILM Confidential
FUJIFILMThe true leader of Tape Technology - Our Presence in the industry. - History of Tape. - Core technology NANOCUBIC.
13
FUJIFILM Confidential
We managed to maintain the highest manufacturing share of approximately 50% through CY12 Q3.
50% 50%FUJ IFILMOt h e r s
LTO Manufacturing Share (CY 12 Q3)
14
Source :SCCG
FUJIFILM Confidential
16.4%
7.6%
3.7%
6.8%
2.5%
5.5%
8.2%
17.4%
32.0% HP
Fujifilm
IBM
Quantum
Maxell
Sony
TDK
Imation
Other
FUJIFILM Source :SCCG
LTO share by brand (CY 12 Q3)
Fujifilm brand has the largest share among media manufactures’ brand and is 2nd position in total after HP brand.
15
FUJIFILM Confidential
19561956 First successful computer “FUJIC” made in Japan First successful computer “FUJIC” made in Japan
19651965 First memory tape made in JapanFirst memory tape made in Japan
19771977 First f loppy disk made in JapanFirst f loppy disk made in Japan
19941994 ATOMM Technology AnnouncementATOMM Technology Announcement
20002000 World’s first qualif ied LTO Ultrium 1 World’s f irst qualif ied LTO Ultrium 1
20012001 NANOCUBIC Technology AnnouncementNANOCUBIC Technology Announcement
20062006 FUJIFILM Technology (BaFe) contributed IBM demo of Worlds f irst Mult iple Terabyte storageFUJIFILM Technology (BaFe) contributed IBM demo of Worlds f irst Mult iple Terabyte storage
20102010 Joint Announcement about 35TB Tape with IBMLTO Ultrium 5 released (1.5TB)
Joint Announcement about 35TB Tape with IBMLTO Ultrium 5 released (1.5TB)
20122012 And Now LTO6…And Now LTO6…
History of Fujifilm Recording Media
16
FUJIFILM Confidential
The Challenges for Tape
How small can magnetic particles be without losing their magnetic power?
How thin of a magnetic layer can be coated uniformly on tape?
How well are these smaller particles uniformly dispersed within new polymer compounds?
Let us show you our core technology,
the key to success.
17
FUJIFILM Confidential
The Core Technology that supported the history of tape.
Fujifilm Core Media Technology
18
FUJIFILM Confidential
Rec
ordi
ng
Den
sity
[G
bpsi
]
0.01
0.1
1.0
50-100nm1μm
1990
2000
2010
10
0.2 ~ 0.3μm
3 ~ 5μm
2 ~ 3μm
1μm50-100nm
ATOMM
NANOCUBIC-MP
MP
NANOCUBIC-BaFe
0.25μm(Particle Size)
0.1μm
35-45nm
10-20nm
Magnetic Layer
Magnetic Layer
Magnetic Layer
Magnetic Layer
Non Magnetic Layer
Non MagneticNon Magnetic LayerLayer
Non MagneticNon Magnetic LayerLayer
Substrate Film
Substrate Film
Substrate Film
Substrate Film
Expansion of Digital Recording
< Key factors >Thin magnetic layerSmall magnetic part icles
Progress of Media Technologies
22
FUJIFILM Confidential
We have been continuously improving each technology.Barium-Ferrite is a new material in NANO-Particle.
Fujifilm Core Technology
23
Barium Ferrite Magnetic Particles
Fujif i lm’s Unique Technology
FUJIFILM Confidential
By applying Barium Ferrite particles to the advanced NANOCUBIC, we produced the;First LTO in the World with Barium FerriteLTO Ultrium 6Introduced on 21st November 2012
24
LTO Ultrium Generation 6 Tape Cartridge
+ =
FUJIFILM Confidential
What is so great about Barium Ferrite?
25
To begin,
let’s look at the fundamentals of magnetic recording…
FUJIFILM Confidential
Single Bit Cell These are “magnetic particles”
+ bit cell + bit cell + bit cell- bit cell- bit cell
26
Surface of Magnetic tape
Data tape consists of tiny microscopic “magnetic particles” uniformly dispersed and coated on the surface of tape, then small cells so called “bit cell” are written onto it.Each cell is magnetized as either positive or negative and multiple combinations become data (just as digital data is made up of 1s and 0s).
Bit Cell & Magnetic Particle
FUJIFILM Confidential
MP BaFe
27
New Particle to Support Future Tapes
The biggest difference of LTO6 from the past generations is that this time Fujifilm elected to use Barium Ferrite magnetic particles instead of using the current metal particles.
Again, this is Fujifilm’s unique technology.
FUJIFILM Confidential
High Capacity
Recording Stability
Long Archival Life
3 Major Benefits of Barium Ferrite
To explain these benefits, we need to understand the 4 features of Barium Ferrite.
29
FUJIFILM Confidential
1. Small Particle Size2. High Magnetic Property3. Perpendicularly Magnetized4. Oxidized Material
4 Features of Barium Ferrite
30
FUJIFILM Confidential
50 nm
MP BariumFerrite
LTO5
Particle Size 4040nm
LTO6
Particle Size 2020nm
1. Smaller Particle Size
32
Bit CellMore
part icles in one bit cell.
Bit Cell
FUJIFILM Confidential 33
Less Signal Noise
Example: Compare high resolution picture and low resolution picture.
Smaller the particle, larger the data in one bit cell. More data in a cell results in less noise and clearer signal.
Small Particle = More Particles in single Bit Cell = Less Noise
High Resolution (More Particles)
Low Resolution (Less Particles)
FUJIFILM Confidential
Disadvantages of MP• MP’s magnetic property depend on it’s aspect ratio. As
the size gets smaller magnetic property becomes lower (performance as a magnetic particle becomes poor).
• MP is horizontally magnetized whereas Barium Ferrite is vertically magnetized.
2. Perpendicularly Magnetized
35
Advantages of Barium Ferrite• Barium Ferrite’s magnetic property does not
depend on it’s shape.• Barium Ferrite is perpendicularly magnetized.
FUJIFILM Confidential 36
2. Perpendicularly Magnetized
- Bit Cell + Bit Cell - Bit Cell+ Bit Cell
- Bit Cell + Bit Cell - Bit Cell+ Bit Cell
Because MPs are horizontally magnetized, the particles tend to cancel (demagnetize) each other → Output Loss.
Since Barium Ferrite is perpendicularly magnetized, above phenomenon does not occur.
Less Output Loss
FUJIFILM Confidential
3. High Magnetic Property
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Barium Ferrite magnetic particles has a higher magnetic property compared to metal particles.
High magnetic property leads to less output loss.
FUJIFILM Confidential
2 & 3 → High Output
- Bit Cell + Bit Cell - Bit Cell
+ Bit Cell
Perpendicularly Magnetized
High Magnetic Property
Less output loss
Therefore…
Barium Ferrite tapes have a Higher Output when compared to MP tapes.
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FUJIFILM Confidential
- 80
- 70
- 60
- 50
- 40
- 30
- 20
- 10
0 10 20 30 40 50
Fre que nc y / MHz
Out
put
/ dB
m
C u r r e n t MP Ta p e
La t e s t Ba Fe Ta p e
Sy s t e m No is e
1+ 2 High Output & Low Noise
40
Output
Noise
The gap between Output and Noise shows the performance of the tape. We call this Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR).
You can see from the graph how much better tape using Barium Ferrite is compared to tape using MP.
FUJIFILM Confidential
High Capacity(High Density)
41
BaFe’s performance is greater than MP.
High SNR (= great performance)
This graph shows the change of SNR of MP and BaFe tape as the recording density changes.
FUJIFILM Confidential 42
Two Benefits that Arise from High SNR
- 80
- 70
- 60
- 50
- 40
- 30
- 20
- 10
0 10 20 30 40 50
Fre que nc y / MHz
Out
put
/ dB
m
Cu r re n t MP Ta p e
La t e s t Ba Fe Ta p e
Sy s t e m No is e
High SNR contributes to…
High CapacityStable Recording
FUJIFILM Confidential
LTO-5 MP1.5TB
LTO6 BF2.5TB
BF-2nd
35TB
High Capacity “Bit Size and Capacity”
Barium Ferrite enables production of tapes with much smaller areal density resulting in tapes with much higher capacity.
This is possible because Barium Ferrite tape has great performance even when bit cells become small.
44
FUJIFILM Confidential
29.5 bil l ion bits per square inch would result in a
35TB (native), tape cartr idge.
Fujifilm’s Barium Ferrite magnetic tape particles established the world’s highest areal density of 29.5 bi l l ion bits per square inch .
45
Barium Ferrite is Way Over Market Requirement
FUJIFILM Confidential
Fujifilm’s Barium Ferrite technology has already exceeded the requirement for LTO Generation 8.
46
Potential to Achieve LTO Future Generations
FUJIFILM Confidential
Barium Ferrite tape cartridges can be read/written to properly even when the drive head is worn down after repeated use.
MP
BaFe
Tape
Tape
Tape
Tape
OK
OK
Head Wear
Head Wear
Hard to read each cell and may become an error.
Stable Recording
??
48
Tape’s performance covers the diminished drive
performance.
FUJIFILM Confidential
Stable Recording
Error
Rate
Head Wear
MP
BaFe
Using Barium Ferrite tape will extend the life of your drive.
End of Drive Life
As drive head wear down, error rate
increases.
49
*This is an image.
FUJIFILM Confidential
MP is mainly made of iron (Fe) therefore it will oxidize after time and it’s magnetic property will deteriorate. In order to slow that down, outer layer of MP is intentionally oxidized from the beginning.
3. Barium Ferrite is an Oxide (=stable material)
51
Barium Ferrite is mainly made of an oxide, therefore it does not lose it’s magnetic property due to oxidization.
FUJIFILM Confidential
+ bit cell + bit cell- bit cell
+ bit cell + bit cell- bit cell
Can no longer read/write in this cell…MP
Barium Ferrite
The performance becomes lowand at some point the bit cell becomes invalid.
Since Barium Ferrite is an oxideit does not deteriorate due tooxidization and can maintain it’s performance.
52
What Happens when Particle Oxidizes?
FUJIFILM Confidential
Can used effectively after more than 30 years
【 Accelerated evaluation 】 Measured change of tape’s magnetic property under temperature of 60 degrees and humidity of 90%. It is said that 1 day under such environment corresponds to 1 year in ambient
Change of magnetic property.
53
Barium Ferrite has Longer Archival Life
FUJIFILM Confidential
Current coating with MP
New coating technology for Barium Ferrite
Thin and Uniform Magnetic Layer
55
Magnetic layer
Non-magnetic layer
Non-magnetic layer
Magnetic layer
Thin and uniform magnetic layer enables stable output resulting in stable recording (unstable output cause noise).
FUJIFILM Confidential
Head
Head
Average center line
Spacing Loss
Surface contact
Average spacing
Point contact
Current MP Coating Technology
New Coating Technology for BaFe
Smaller undulation with small and uniform protrusions.
Excellent surface design contributes to stable recording.
Concept to reduce spacing loss with low friction
Surface Design
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FUJIFILM Confidential
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
20002001
20022003
20042005
20062007
20082009
20102011
2012
LTOT100003592
58
Tape Roadmap ~ BaFe Supports the Future ~
LTO1LTO2LTO3
3592 JA/J2T10K-A
LTO4
T10K-B 3592 JB/J3
LTO5
LTO6
T10K-C
2.5TB
3592 JB/J2
3592 JC/J4
FUJIFILM Confidential
-Tape storage is proved to be the ideal solution for high capacity, high reliability, efficiency and low cost archiving.
-Technology to support tape’s largest benefit “high capacity” has been continuously improving. Now with the Barium Ferrite, tape proved it’s potential to support another 10 year roadmap and in 2011, StorageTek’s T10000 (5TB) and IBM’s JC media for TS1140, the two first tape cartridges using Barium Ferrite were introduced.
-Fujifilm is determined to continuously contribute to future development of tape to meet increasing demand of data recovery and data archive requirements.
59
Summary