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¯^vaxb evsjv‡`‡k Dcwb‡e‡ki AbyK…wZ
Avey mvC` Zzjy
evsjv‡`k 42 eQi a‡i ¯vaxb n‡jI ¯^wbf©i-HwZn¨ Drmvix wPšÍb avivq weKwkZ n‡Z cv‡i wb| eis wbR¯Zvi
wecix‡Z me©Î weivRgvb i‡q‡Q Dcwb‡ek m„ó ev ÍeZvi AbyK…wZ| mvaviYZ AbyKiY ev Abyiƒc KvR Kiv A‡_©B
ÔAbyK…wZÕ kvwãK A‡_© e¨eüZ nq| wKš‧ ms¯‥…wZ ÁvbZ‡Ë¡ AbyK…wZ kãwU e¨vcK A‡_© e¨eüZ n‡Z †`Lv hvq|
ïay mvs¯‥…wZK bq; •eÁvwbK G ZË¡wU g‡bvweÁvb-RxeweÁvb †_‡K ïiæ K‡i e¨envwiK Rxebwe`¨vi me©Î wea„Z
GKwU welq| ¯vaxbZv-DËi evsjv‡`‡ki me© Íi HwZn¨ Drmvix cÖwµqvq †X‡j mvRv‡bv bq| d‡j ci¤úivq
engvb i‡q hv‡”Q Dcwb‡e‡ki AbyK…wZ| Dcwb‡e‡ki AbyK…wZ‡KB evsjv‡`‡ki A‡bK eyw×RxexB D”PZi Av`k©
wn‡m‡eI †`Lv‡Z e¨ Í n‡q c‡ob ev co‡Qb| Avevi cÖwZ‡ivax cÖeYZvI we`¨gvb| G Av‡jvPbvwU KvD‡K
KUvÿ Kiv bq eis wg_w¯…qvi gva¨‡g ms‡kølvZ¥K cªwµqvq †`k-gvbyl I fwel¨‡Zi Rb¨ Kj¨vYKi wm×v‡š Íi
AbyeZ©xg~jK e¨vL¨vb g~L¨|
m‡PZb cÖqvm Qvov Kg©ci¤úivB mvaviYZ AbyK…wZ| Dcwb‡ek kvmb n‡j †M‡Q `xN© w`b| AvR‡Ki w`‡b
G‡mI Kxfv‡e Am‡PZb fv‡eB Dcwb‡e‡ki mg¯Í wKQzB engvb ivLwQ| ZvB wgwgwµi ¯iƒc D˜NvUb Riæwi|
ÔAbyK…wZÕ kãwU mvaviYZ cÖwZiƒc •Zwi ev cybive„wËKiY A‡_© e¨eüZ nq| G AbyKiY ev AbyK…wZi Bs‡iwR
cÖwZkã wnmv‡e mvaviYZ Mimicry kãwU e¨eüZ nq| Bs‡iwR‡Z Repleca, Replace, Imitation
cÖwZkã wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ nq| wgwgwµ m¤ú‡K© Bs‡iwR fvlvi kãvwfav‡b D‡jøL- the activity or art of
copying the behavior or speech of other people : the activity or art of mimicking other
people.1 Ab¨Î kã wb‡`©‡k ejv n‡q‡Q- the action or skill of imitating someone or
something, especially in order to entertain or ridicule.2
hv †nvK, AbyK…wZ ZË¡wU gb-AvPiY-Af¨vmMVb I ci¤úiv‡K wfwË K‡i M‡o D‡V‡Q| G ZË¡wU †R‡bwUK
BwÄwbqvwis kvLvq me‡P‡q †ewk cÖPwjZ-cwiwPZ| ZvQvovI KvjPvi ÷vwWR, ev‡qvjwR, AvPiY g‡bvwe`¨vq
Uvg©wU e¨eüZ n‡Z †`Lv hvq| Rxe‣eÁvwbK avivq cÖK…wZweÁvbx †nbwi Iqvëvi †eUm 1862 wLª÷v‡ã AbyK…wZ
(Mimicry) •eÁvwbK avivq e¨vL¨v K‡ib| wZwb GK cÖvYxi Abyiƒc †`nfw½, Af¨vm-AvPiY †_‡K ïiæ K‡i
cÖwZwU •ewkó¨ m¤wjZ Ab¨cÖvwYR avivi wbixÿv K‡ib|3 mgvR •eÁvwbK-cwi‡ekbv wkí avivq cÖvPxb wMª‡mi
K¬vwmK¨vj avivi g‡a¨ AbyKiY A‡_© wPšÍbwUi e¨envi n‡Z †`Lv hvq| cÖvPxb fviZxq ms¯‥…Z-ms¯‥…wZaviv‡ZI
AbyKiY A‡_©B AbyK„wZ ((Mimicry) jÿ¨ Kiv hvq|
Dcwb‡ek DËi e¨vL¨v‡K G AbyK…wZZË¡ AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| G wWm‡Kvm© ev e¨vL¨vb Aa¨v‡q Ab„K…wZ aviYvwU
GKwU wewkó A‡_© e¨eüZ n‡Z †`Lv hvq| Dcwb‡ek-DËi e¨vL¨v‡bi ZË¡we` `vk©wbK †nvwg †K fvev Jacques
Lacan Gi The Four Fundamental Concepts of Psychoanalysis MÖ‡š wea„Z g‡bvRMr wPšÍb-
¯iƒc-g‡bv`k©b I ZrKvjxb cvwicvwk¦K `„ó Dcwb‡ek DËi AvPiY‡K wfwË K‡i ZË¡wU wewkøó K‡ib|4 †nvwg †K
fvev Dcwb‡ek AbyK…wZ m¤ú‡K© gšÍe¨ K‡ib-
The copying of the colonizing culture, behavior, manner’s and values by the
colonized contains both mockery and a certain `menace’. So that mimicry is at once
resemblance and menace.5
1 http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/mimicry
2 http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/mimicry
3"Mimicry." Microsoft® Encarta® 2009 [DVD]. Redmond, WA: Microsoft Corporation, 2008.
4 Homi K. Babha, `The Location of Culture’ Routledge, London and New York, 1994
5 `Key concept of Post-Colonial Studies, Edited by Bill ashcroft, Gareth Griggiths, Helen Tiffin, Routledge,
London and New York, 2006, Page-140. g~j eBwUi cÖwZK~jZvq D×…wZwU GLvb †_‡K †bIqv n‡q‡Q|
Sigmund Freud `The Unconscious’ MÖ‡š AbyK…wZi A`„k¨ bvbv cÖK…wZ I wPÎ cwijwÿZ nq| †nvwg †K
fvev KvjPvivj wWm‡Kvm© wn‡m‡eB g‡bv‣eÁvwbK avivq G wPšÍbwUi e¨vL¨v K‡ib| ÔAbyK…wZÕ ZË¡wU Dcwb‡ek
DËi cvV wn‡m‡e cÖ_g †nvwg †K fvevi wPšÍ‡bB cÖ_g ms¯‥…wZwe`¨vq mv_©K e¨eüZ n‡Z †`Lv hvq| wZwb
wPšÍbwU‡K wgwgwµ e‡j AwfwnZ K‡i‡Qb| e„wUk‡`i Dcwb‡ewkZ wewfbœ AÂj ¯^vaxb n‡jI ci¤úivq
weivRgvb _vK‡Z †`Lv hvq e„wUk‡`i AbyKiYxq wPÎ| G AwfÁZv †_‡KB †nvwg †K fvev g‡bv‣eÁvwbK avivq
KvjPvivj wWm‡Kvm© wn‡m‡e e¨vL¨v K‡i| †nvwg †K fvev e‡jb-
It is out of season to question at this time of day, the original policy of a conferring on every colony of the British Empire a mimic representation of the British Constitution.6
welq wfwËK avivq wfbœ wfbœ cÖ‡qvM ÔAbyK…wZÕ ZË¡ bvbv •ewk‡ó¨ we`¨gvb| RxeweÁv‡b I †RwbwU· BwÄwbqvwis
G cÖwZiƒcm„wó ev c~‡e©i mg Í •ewkó¨mg„× bKj cÖwZiƒc •Zwi Kiv A‡_© e¨eüZ nq| bZzb cÖRvwZi bKj
cÖwZiƒc m„wó Kiv A‡_©B †ewk e¨eüZ| g‡bvweÁv‡b AbyK…wZ kãwU AZ¨šÍ e¨vcK I Zrch©gwÐZ| wKš‧
g‡bvwe`¨vq AbyK…wZ (Mimicry) kãwUi ûeû e¨envi mvaviYZ †`Lv hvq bv| g‡bvweÁv‡bi Ae‡PZbv-
AwZ‡PZbv I AvPiY g‡bvwe`¨vq welqwU jÿ¨Yxq| Wisam Kh. Abdul Jabbar Dcwb‡ek AbyK…wZ
(Colonial Mimicry) m¤ú‡K© gšÍe¨ K‡ib-
Colonial mimicry inculcates a colonial discourse, which seeks to appropriate or
civilize the colonized subject. Colonial mimicry, therefore, invokes ambivalence: “[it]
is the desire for a reformed, recognizable Other, as a subject of a difference that is
almost the same, but not quite… The concept of colonial mimicry exposes the
stereotypical mind of the colonizer, which necessitates the persistence of a clear-cut
distinction – the source of his colonial authority… It means “an exaggerated copying
of language, culture, manners and ideas. This exaggeration means that mimicry is
repetition with difference.7
mvs¯‥…wZK cwifvlv ev KvjPvivj wWm‡Kv‡m© AbyK…wZ ZË¡ AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| evsjv‡`‡k gvbm ms¯‥…wZi cybive„wËi
A‡_© ÔAbyK…wZÕ cwifvlv Lyu‡R cvIqv `y¯‥i| †m‡cÖwÿ‡Z ÔgvBÛ‡mUÕ kãwUi cÖPjb †ewk †`Lv hvq| wKš‧
gvBÛ‡mU Ggb GKwU ch©vq hv vb-Kv‡ji g‡a¨ mxgve×| wKš‧ DËi mg‡qi GB gvBÛ‡mU ev gvBÛ‡mU
ci¤úiv Kxfv‡e we`¨gvb _v‡K| G AbyK…wZ Ggb GKwU cÖZ¨q ev aviYv hv GKB m‡½ cÖwZiƒcKiY I ci¯úivq
GKB Ávb-eyw× iƒwPwfwËK Kg©aviv cwiPvwjZ n‡Z †`Lv hvq| Ava¨vwZ¥K ev g‡b․weÁvwbK AbyK…wZ wµqv A`„k¨
GKwU welq d‡j Z_¨e× we‡kølY AZ¨šÍ KwVb n‡q c‡o| G¨vWIqvW mvC` G‡K mockery e‡j AwfwnZ
K‡i‡Qb|
cÖm½Z †h, g‡bvwe`¨v I AvZ¥-Ava¨vwZ¥K we`¨v GK welq bq| eZ©gv‡b cÖwZwôZ wewfbœ we`¨vwkLb¸‡jv we‡klZ
g‡bvwe`¨v welqwU Dcwb‡ek cÖwZwôZ| d‡j G we`¨vq PwjZ Ávb KL‡bvB Dcwb‡e‡ki evB‡i hv‡e bv e‡j
mn‡RB Aby‡gq| Avgiv mvaviYZ AvwZ¥K we`¨v I g‡bvwe`¨v‡K cÖvq G‡K K‡i fvwe| A_P `y‡qi g‡a¨
myÿvwZmyÿ cv_©K¨ we`¨gvb| Ava¨vZ¥ ev AvwZ¥K we`¨v AvZ¥v m¤úwK©Z we`¨v| Ck¦i ev Avjøvn m¤úwK©Z we`¨vI
bq| mvaviYZ fyj G RvqMv‡ZB me‡P‡q †ewk| Z‡e, AvZ¥Áv‡bi m‡½ ªóvi m¤úK© i‡q‡Q| m¤¢eZ
†m‡cÖwÿ‡Z fvi‡Zi mycÖwm× wPwKrmK-mvaK-Fwl AbyK~jP›`ª VvKzi gvby‡li AmyL‡K wZbwU fv‡M wef³ K‡i
wPwKrmv Ki‡Zb| fvM¸‡jv n‡”Q-kvixwiK AmyL, gvbwmK AmyL Ges AvwZ¥K AmyL|8 Dcwb‡ek kvm‡bi
ïiæ‡ZB AvaywbKZvi ARynv‡Z G we`¨vwU‡K wkLb ch©vq †_‡K ev` †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| Avgv‡`i fveev`x Av‡›`vjb
wn‡m‡e BwZnvm-Dc vwcZ dwKi-mbœ¨vm we‡`ªv‡ni welqwU wbðq Rvbv Av‡Q| wLª÷vb ag©hvRK MY doctrine
Studies, theological studies bv‡g wb‡R‡`i g‡a¨ G RvZxq bvbv wkÿv Pvjy †i‡L‡Q| Aciw`‡K Bmjvg
6 Bhabha, `The Location of Culture’ Routledge, London and Newyork, 1994, Page-121
7 Wisam Kh. Abdul Jabbar, title` Colonial Mimicry in Philip Dick’s Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?’,
Journal of comparative literature, http://inquire.streetmag.org/articles/91 8 evsjvwcwoqv, GwkqvwUK †mvmvBwU Ae evsjv‡`k, XvKv, wmwo fvimb, 2008, ÔAbyK~jP›`ª VvKziÕ AšÍfz©w³
ev wn› y m¤úª`v‡qi g‡a¨ Ava¨vZ¥we`¨vwU ïay a‡g©i m‡½ cÖwZ vwcZ| d‡j, gymjgvb eyyw×RxexMY bvgvR-†ivRv I
KwVb eª‡Zi Kvi‡Y G we`¨v wkL‡b mvaviYZ GwM‡q Av‡mb bv| d‡j bvbv NUbvi †bc_¨ welq Dcwb‡ek kvmb
†_‡K ïiæ K‡i AvR ch©šÍ A`„k¨B ev wfbœ e¨vL¨v‡bB †_‡K hv‡”Q| †mRb¨ evsjv‡`‡ki wLª÷vb Ava¨vwZ¥K
ag©hvRKMY (dv`vi, eªv`vi, wm÷vi, wekc) wewfbœ ¯‥zj-K‡jR, wPwKrmvjq, GbwRI †mevg~jK cÖwZôvb
cwiPvjbvi ga¨ w`‡q wK‡mi cÖ‡qvM K‡ib Zv m‡PZb gn‡ji Áv‡bi evB‡iB †_‡K hv‡”Q| G Kg©‡cÖlYvq
mivmwi ag©všÍKiYB cÖavb bq| AbyK…wZ welqwU Am‡PZb fv‡eB AbyKiY Kiv A‡_© Avevi A`„k¨ PvwjZ A‡_©I
cÖhy³ _v‡K|
DËi-Dcwb‡ek e¨vL¨vb avivq bvbv mvwnZ¨K‡g©i g‡a¨ AbyK…wZK bvbv RxebwPÎ cwijwÿZ nq| wfGm
bvBc‡ji `The Mimic Man’ Abb¨ mvaviY Dcb¨vm| fvlv, †K›`ª-cÖvšÍ I kn‡i mf¨Zvi Rxebweb¨vm
eY©bvKvixi Dc vcbvq AZ¨šÍ PgrKvifv‡e Dc vwcZ| Dcb¨vmwU m¤ú‡K© wek G¨vkµdU, M¨vwi_ wMdwi_ I
†n‡jb w÷‡d‡bi gšÍe¨ cÖwYavb‡hvM¨-
The Peripheral lacks order because it lacks the power of representation since the truth lies elsewhere, language can only mimic the representations of the truth. This has its own profoundly ontological ramifications for the inhabitant of the margins.9
HwZ‡n¨i wPšÍbwfwËK wµqvw`‡K HwZn¨wfwËK AbyK…wZ ejv hv‡e? ZvB AbyK…wZ I DËivwaKvix wPšÍ‡bi ga¨
•ewkó¨MZ cv_©K¨ i‡q‡Q| GRb¨ AvZ¥we`¨v (Ab‡_vjw_) AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| m¤cÖwZ Mind your
mannerisms: Behavioral mimicry elicits stereotype conformity wk‡ivbv‡g GKwU M‡elYv10
AZ¨šÍ D‡jøL Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| G‡Z eskMZ I cvwicvwk¦K wel‡qi AbyK…wZ‡K cªvavb¨ w`‡q‡Qb| we‡kl K‡i
wkï‡`i †ÿ‡Î `xN© w`b a‡i cÖwZ vwcZ ev wi‡cÖ‡R‡›UkbI ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv iv‡L| Dcwb‡ek m„ó ÁvbZvwË¡K-
wkÿv-A_©-ms¯‥…wZwfwËK bvbv AvPi‡Yi AÜ AbyKiYB AbyK…wZi •ewk‡ó¨ cÖZz¨¾¡j| AbyK…wZ mvaviYZ A`„k¨
†cÖlYg~jKI n‡q _v‡K| mgKvjxb g‡bvwe`¨vq wRb I eskMwZi wPšÍb‡KI AbyK…wZi k„•Ljve× Kivi Z_¨I
`„wó †MvPi nq|
Dcwb‡ek P‡j †M‡Q `xN©w`b wKš‧ AvRI Dcwb‡e‡ki AbyK„wZ eRvq _v‡K Kxfv‡e? †mRb¨ Dcwb‡e‡ki ¯^iƒc
cÖm½I cÖ‡qvRbxq| ÔDcwb‡ekÕ [Dc+wb+wek&+A (NT)] kvwãK we‡køl‡Y vqxfv‡e evm Kivi Rb¨ we‡`‡k
emwZ vcb‡K †evSvq|11
Dcwb‡ek mvaviYZ RxweKv wbe©v‡ni Rb¨B n‡q _v‡K| Z‡e, A‡bK mgq e¨emv-
evwY‡R¨i Rb¨ n‡q _v‡K| †mRb¨ Awfevmb, gvB‡MÖkb kãwUi e¨enviI †`Lv hvq| G †¶‡Î Bs‡iwR
ÔWvqvm‡cvivÕ kãwUI e¨eüZ n‡q _v‡K| hw` Wvqvm‡cviv ag©xq AvbyMZ¨nxbZvq Øvcvš^ix ev we‡`k emwZ
eySvq| wKš‧ ÔDcwb‡ekÕ e¨vL¨vbwU AZ¨šÍ Mfxi e¨Äbveûj| wKš‧ Dcwb‡ek •ewk‡ó¨ AvwacZ¨, †kvlY, kvmb,
wfbœ mvs¯‥…wZKiY, gvbm cwieZ©b, jyÉb, cvPvimn cªf„wZ wµqvw` wea„Z nq| ZvB ÔDcwb‡ekÕ I ÔmvgªvR¨Õ GK
bq| Dcwb‡ek- Gi Bs‡iwR cÖwZkã wn‡m‡e colony kãwU e¨eüZ nq| colony kãwUi kvwãK we‡køl‡YI
we‡kl A‡_© emwZ vcb‡KB eySvq| Dcwb‡ek AvwacZ¨Kvjxb mgq‡K mvaviYZ Dcwb‡ekhyM wn‡m‡e wPwýZ
Kiv nq| Dcwb‡ek cieZx© cwiw wZ‡K mvaviYZ Dcwb‡ek-DËi ev DËi-Dcwb‡ek ejv n‡q _v‡K| Dcwb‡ek
m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbvi †¶Î‡K cvðv‡Z A‡b‡KB ÔDcwb‡ekev`Õ e‡j D‡jøL K‡i _v‡Kb|
ÔDcwb‡ekev`Õ Z‡Ë¡ Dcwb‡ekKvjxbmn Dcwb‡ek DËi ev cieZx mg‡qI gbb-gMRRvZ Dcwb‡ek we‡ivax ev
cÖwZ‡ivax †PZbv‡K eywS‡q _v‡Kb| ZvB DËi-Dcwb‡ekev`-G mgq wbw`©ó bv K‡i Dcwb‡ek cÖwZ‡ivax
†PZbv‡KB gyL¨ Kiv nq| m¤¢eZ, GUvI be¨ Jcwb‡ekK †K․kj| Dcwb‡ek AbyK…wZ †_‡K hv‡Z gy³ n‡Z bv
9 Bill Ascroft, Garrith Gigrith, Helan Stefen Edited The Empire Writes Back’ Routledge, London and New yok,
Pagde 89 10
ÔMind your mannerisms: Behavioral mimicry elicits stereotype conformityÕ by N. Pontus Leander, Tanya L.
Chartrand, Wendy Wood, Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Volume 47, Issue 1, January 2011, Pages 195-201 (from Internet) 11
e¨envwiK evsjv Awfavb, evsjv GKv‡Wgx, 2003, c„ôv-165
cvivi ev cÖwZ‡kvax cÖeYZvi Ae`g‡b Giƒc GKwU weZK© Aa¨vq| hv †nvK, wej G¨vkµdU, †n‡jb w÷‡db I
†Mwi_ †MÖdwi‡_i gšÍe¨ K‡ib-
Post-clonialism/postcolonialim deals with the effects of colonization on cultures and societies. As originally used by historians after the second world war in tems such as the post-colonial state... used in historical, political, sociological and economic anlyses, as these discipline continue to engage with the impact of european imperialism upon world societies.12
A‡bK ZvwË¡K Dcwb‡ek we‡ivax AvPiY‡K Dcwb‡ek cieZx mg‡qi g‡a¨ ev Dcwb‡ek DËi wPšÍb e¨vL¨v‡b
†dj‡Z Pvb bv| KviY wn‡m‡e Abyaveb nq- Dcwb‡ekKvjxb cÖwZ‡ivax A‡bK †PZbvB cÖZ¨ÿ-c‡ivÿ
Dcwb‡ek c„wôZ wn‡m‡e †`Lv hvq| d‡j †cv÷ K‡jvwb ev †cv÷-K‡jvwbqvwjRg wb‡q bvbv weåvwšÍ we`¨gvb|
A‡b‡K mgq‡K Dcwb‡ekev‡`i m‡½ mshy³ Ki‡Z bvivR| wKš‧ Awbqv †jv¤^vmn A‡bK eyw×RxexB Dcwb‡ek
DËi cwiw¯wZ‡Z HwZn¨ Drmvix †PZbv‡K eywS‡q _v‡Kb| bvbv weZK© †cÖwÿ‡Z welq Gwo‡q cÖwZ‡ivax fvebv
†_‡K K_v ejvi cÖeYZvI jÿ¨ Kiv hvq| wKš‧ mZ¨ †h, Aj‡¶¨ mgqUvB cÖvavb¨ cvq| hv †nvK, DËi-
Dcwb‡ekev` Ggb GKwU †PZbv †hLv‡b Dcwb‡e‡ki m„ó mg Í wKQzi wecix‡Z ¯^RvZ¨‡evaxq wPšÍv-†PZbv I
mgmvgwqK AvšÍR©vwZK ÁvbZË¡ vb cvq| wej G¨vkµdU DËi Dcwb‡ekev`‡K Counter Discourse e‡j
_v‡Kb| iwk` AvkKvix e‡jb-
†cv÷ K‡jvwbqvj kãwU kãv_©ZvwZ¡K wfwË mvgªvR¨ev`x kw³ Acmvi‡Yi ci RvZxq ms¯‥…wZi mv‡_ mswkøó
welqmg~n‡K wb‡ ©k K‡i| Aek¨ gv‡S gv‡S kãwU Dcwb‡ekmg~‡ni ¯^vaxbZvc~e© Ges ¯^vaxbZv DËi Kv‡ji
cv_©K¨ wbiƒc‡Y †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv c~‡e©Kvi mwnZ¨ K‡g©i mv‡_I cÖhy³ n‡q _v‡K| DËi Jcwb‡ewkK kãwU e¯‧Z
Jcwb‡ewkK kãwUi ev Zvi avivYvi wecÖZx‡c M‡o IVv GK ai‡bi cÖwZwµqv wnmv‡e AvZ¥cÖKvk K‡i|13
¯vaxbZv‡Ëvi evsjv‡`‡k wew”Qbœfv‡e Dcwb‡ek-DËi †h․w³K-A‡h․w³K bvbv wPšÍvi cÖKvk †`Lv †M‡jI myweb¨¯Í
iƒ‡c †`Lv hvq Avwki `k‡Ki †k‡li w`‡K| evsjv‡`‡ki GKv‡WwgK I bb GKv‡WwgK ch©v‡q 90-Gi `kK
†_‡K Dcwb‡ek-DËi bvbv welq Av‡jvwPZ n‡q I‡V| evsjv‡`‡k D‡jøL‡hvM¨ wWm‡Kvm©xq MÖš iwPZ bv n‡jI
wewfbœ R‡bi bvbv Kg©ZrciZvq G †PZbv j¶¨Yxq| G Zvig‡a¨ D‡jøL‡hvM¨-†mwjg Avj `xb, knx` Avj
†evLvix gnvRvZK, bvwmiDÏxb BDmyd ev”Pz, Rvwgj Avn‡g`, Avby gynv¤§`, dinv` gRnvi, nvmvb AvwRRyj
nK, knx`yj Bmjvg, †iRv Kwig †P․ayix, AvdRvi †nv‡mb, Avn‡g` ¯cb gvngy`, d‡qR Avjg, dKi yj
Bmjvg, mwjgyjøvn Lvb cÖgyL| wfbœ fvlv-fvlxi g‡a¨ MvqwÎ w¯úfvK (In other worlds, 1987), wej
G¨vkµdU (The Empire Writes Back, 1989), †nvwg †K fvev (Nation and Narration, 1993),
GWIqvW© mvC` (Culture and Imperialism, 1993) cÖf…wZ MÖ‡ši ga¨ w`‡q Avjv`v ÁvbKvÐ wn‡m‡e
ÔDcwb‡ek-DËiÕ welq ev welqmg~n AvšÍR©vwZK gn‡j cÖwZôv cvq|14 Dcwb‡ek-DËi iv‡óªi Af¨šÍixY I
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AbyK…wZK ejq M‡o Zy‡j| ag©MZ cÖwZwnsmv _vK‡Z cv‡i wKš‧ evOvwj RvwZi BwZnvm I HwZn¨MZ msNvZ †Zv
_vK‡Z cv‡i bv| ÔBwZnvmgvjvÕ iPbvq evOvwji HwZn¨wPšÍv I AvPvi cª_v eySv‡Z †hfv‡e euv`iZ‡Ë¡i Av‡ivc
K‡i‡Qb Zv AKíbxq I evOvwj-wmwfwjqb mvsNwl©K| Avevi ms¯‥…Z cÖxwZ †`Lv‡bv I ivg ivg emy‡K w`‡q be¨
BwZnvmm„wó g~jK bvbv Kg©KvÐ cÖkœ we× Ki‡Z eva¨| BwZnvmgvjvq cÖvq †`okwU Mí i‡q‡Q-Zvig‡a¨ cÂZš¿
†_‡K 14wU, †eZvj cÂweskwZ †_‡K 2wU, ØvwÎqkrcywËwjKv †_‡K 1wU, K_v‡Kvl, cyiæl cix¶v, emy`ewn›`x
†_‡K 29wU, Ckc †_‡K 4wU, dviwm cÖPwjZ Mí †_‡K 8wU, BD‡ivcxqvb 8wU, bxwZK_v I iƒcK Mí n‡”Q
25wU| G¸‡jvi gb ÍZ¡ we‡kølY, ivgivgemyi iPbvmg~n I emy •bwZK•Ljb RwbZ PvKzwi Pz¨wZ bvbv Z‡_¨i
22
knx`yj Bmjvg, Ôe„wUk Dcwb‡ekev` : wg_ I ev ÍeZvÕ, evsjv‡`k dvD‡Ûkb di †W‡fjc‡g›U wimvP©, XvKv, 2009, c„ôv-46 23
1780 mv‡j †dvW© DBwjqvg `y‡M©i cÖav‡bi ZË¡veav‡b †Mvjvg †nv‡mb Ôwmqvi Dj gyZvLixbÕ bv‡g gymjgvb‡`i mgmvgwqK Ae¯v I cÖK…wZ
cÖav‡b¨ BwZnvm MÖš iPbv K‡ib| cÖK…Z we‡køl‡Y GUv BwZnvm Mª‡ši †P‡q gymwjg‡`i wPÎ Dc¯vcb cÖavb| A_P c~‡e©i cÖPwjZ cÖvq kZvwaK
BwZnvm MÖš iwPZ _vK‡jI beweb¨v‡mi †Kb cÖ‡qvRb nq Zv we‡køl‡Yi `vwe K‡i| 24
AwmZKzgvi e‡›`¨vcva¨vq, evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i BwZnvm, gWvb© eyK G‡RÝx 25
evsjv‡`k mvs¯‥…wZK mgx¶vgvjv Ôivóª I ms¯‥…wZÔ LÐ, m¤úv`bv- GgvRDÏxb Avng`, nviyb Ai ikx`, evsjv‡`k GwkqvwUK †mvmvBwU, 2007,
c„ôv-346
cwiPq †`q| evOvwj gn‡j evsjv M‡`¨i RbK, AvaywbKZvi mviw_ BZ¨vw` bvbv Dcvwa‡Z †Kwi f~wlZ| wKš‧
cÖK…Z we‡køl‡Y A‡bK c~‡e©B evsjv A‡j M`¨ evsjv fvlvq e¨eüZ n‡Zv| `x‡bkP›`ª †mbmn bvbv eyw×Rxex
cÖvPxb-ga¨hyM Aa¨vq L¨vZ c‡e© M‡`¨i bvbv wb`k©b Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb| m¤úªwZ KjKvZv wek¦we`¨vj‡qI G welq
wb‡q M‡elYv n‡q‡Q| D‡jøL¨, evsjv e¨vKi‡Yi RbK hvRK n¨vjn¨vW‡K cÖ`vb Ki‡ZI ZrKvjxb cÖPwjZ
wk¶vavivq evsjv e¨vKiY wk¶vi cÖPjb wQj e‡j bvbv Dcv‡Ë D‡jøL|26
n¨vj‡nW Zvi g‡Zv K‡i wgkbvix
ag©cÖPvi‡Ki myweav‡_© Qvwc‡qwQ‡jb gvÎ| KviY QvcvLvbv bvgK hš¿wU wgkbvix‡`i wQj| fviZxq bvbv kv ¿,
Z_¨, BwZnvm mewKQzB nv‡Zi †jLvq cÖPwjZ wQj| Dcwb‡ek wb‡R‡`i AvwacZ¨ we¯Ívi, AbyK‚j BwZnvm m„wói
¯v‡_© G‡`kxq MÖš-mvwnZ¨‡K Ôcyw_Õ Ô†`vfvlx cyw_Õ Ôgymjgvbx cyw_Õ BZ¨vw` bvbv fvwlK I iƒcK-G Zz”Q I
wb›`vwfwËK D‡c¶v K‡i I †`vmi‡`i D‡c¶v Ki‡Z eva¨ K‡i Ges Z`iƒc Dc vcb gb ÍZ¡ m„wó K‡i| mbvZb
ag©vPv‡i cÖfvem„óI Zvi e¨wZµg bq| H mgq wgkbvix †_‡K cÖKvwkZ mvgwqK msev`cÎI ¯‥z‡ji wk¶v ͇i
cvV¨ Kiv nq|
†kKowenxb RvwZ‡K †kK‡oi mÜv‡b DBwjqvg †Rv‡Ýi †bZ…‡Z¡ ÔGwkqvwUK †mvmvBwUÕ cÖwZwôZ n‡jI †RvÝ †h
BwZnv‡mi mÜvb w`‡q‡Qb Zv A‡bKvs‡k weK…Z I e„wUk‡`i Avwac‡Z¨i mgw_©Z|27
†RvÝ wg‡ji Ô`¨ wn‡÷vwi
Ae e„wUk BwÛqv (1817)Õ Av`‡k© m„wó nq G †`kxq BwZnvm| gvmy` Bgivb gšÍe¨ K‡ib,
ÔJcwb‡ewkK ivRbxwZi me‡P‡q Kvh©Kix †K․kj n‡Zv GKwU †Mvôx ev RvwZ‡K GB aviYvq cÖfvweZ Kiv †h
Zviv BwZnvmnxb Ges ms¯‥…wZnxb| A_ev AbšÍ GKUzKz cÖgvY Kiv †h, hw`Iev BwZnvm ev ms¯‥…wZ †_‡K _v‡K
Zv ee©i, A_©nxb, cðvrc` Ges Abyc‡hvMx|28
GLbI A·‡dv‡W©i f‚‡Mvj cwiwPwZ‡Z Ôevsjv‡`kÕ f‚LÐ HwZn¨ I BwZnvmnxb wn‡m‡eB wPwÎZ| GwkqvwUK
†mvmvBwU K…Z©K Avwe®K…Z ÔAvh©ZË¡ÕI AvR‡K wg_¨v e‡j cÖZxqgvb|29
Avh© RvwZ‡Z nq bv; Avh©-Abvh©, eªvþY-
•ek¨-¶wÎq nq Kg© I •ewk‡ó¨| cÖvPxb fviZxq mbvZbx ag©MÖš Ô†e`Õ Abyev‡`i †bc_¨ gb ÍZ¡ GKwU
m¤cÖ`vq‡K weåvwšÍi g‡a¨ †djvi †K․kj|30
†h Avh©ZË¡ H mgq mg Í BwZnvm-Abyev`-AvPvi bvbv wel‡q
AeZviY N‡U‡Q Zv †Kej BD‡ivcxq AvwacZ¨ Av`k© m„wói Rb¨| H mg‡q m„ó RvwZZË¡ BD‡ivcxqb‡`iB m„wó|
BD‡ivcxqvb‡`i m„wó, Zv‡`i c„ô‡cvlK I AbycÖvwYZ evOvwj eyw×Rxex gnj‡`i m„ó BwZnvm-HwZn¨, c~ivZË¡
meB Dcwb‡e‡ki mn‡hvMx| evsjv fvlv I mvwnZ¨-ms¯‥…wZ †Kw›`ªK BwZnv‡mi †¶‡Î m`i DÏxb nvmvb wbRvgx
†_‡K ïiæ K‡i Dcwb‡ekc~e© kZvwaK BwZnvm Z_¨‡K D‡c¶v K‡i ivgMwZ b¨vqi‡Z¥i cÖ ÍveK f~wgKvq ev
wee„wZg~jK e¨vL¨v‡b `x‡bk P›`ª †mb evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i cÖ_g BwZnvm (1896) iPbv K‡i| `x‡bkP›`ª †mb
BwZnvm m„wói DcvË wn‡m‡e 1400 eB‡qi ZvwjKv m¤wjZ J. Long Gi A Descriptive Catalogue of
Bengali Works †K cÖavb31
I K‡qKwU cyuw_wfwËK BwZnvm m„wó K‡ib| d‡j mvwnZ¨g~j¨vqbx Z_¨ I
wbi‡c¶ BwZnvm GL‡bv m„wó nq wb| J. Long Gi MÖš ZvwjKvi f~wgKvq
The Object of this works is to be a guide to those who wish to procure begali books, either for educational purpose or for gaining an acguaintance with the hindu manners, coustoms of modes of thought, popular literature is an indx to the state of the popular mind.
26
`x‡bk P›`ª †mb Ôe½ fvlv I mvwnZ¨Õ MÖšmn wewfbœ BwZnvmMÖ‡š ZrKvjxb wkÿvq e¨vKiY we`¨v wkL‡bi wPÎ cwijwÿZ nq| n¨vj‡nW Zv‡`i
hvRKm¤úª`vq I wmwfwjqvb‡`i evsjv fvlv wkÿvi myweav‡_© 8wU c‡e© wef³ K‡i Bs‡iwR‡Z evsjv e¨vKiY Qvwc‡q wQ‡jb gvÎ| KviY QvcvLvbv
wgkbvix‡`i wQj| ZrKvjxb evsjvi me kv¯¿B wQj n¯ÍwjwLZ| Zrc~e© wkÿv e¨e¯vq ms¯‥…Z e¨vKiY, Aviwe-dviwm fvlvi e¨vKiY Ges evsjv
e¨vKiYI wkLv‡bv n‡Zv e‡j bvbv Z‡_¨ cvIqv hvq| Dcwb‡ek kvm‡bi Kvi‡Y n¨vj‡n‡Wi Z_¨ wbf©i BwZnvmKiY Kiv n‡q‡Q| G wel‡q we¯Íi
cwim‡i M‡elYv cÖ‡qvRb| 27
gvmD` Bgivb Ô†mwjg Avj `x‡bi bvU‡K we-Dcwb‡ewkKiY Ges G_wbK w_‡qUvi †nwRgwbÕ cÖeÜ, ebcvsïj, wØZxq el©, wØZxq msL¨v, XvKv,
2009, c„ôv&-26 28
ebcvsïj, wØZxq el©, wØZxq msL¨v, c„ôv-40 29
Kvgvj DÏxb Kwei Ôevsjv‡`‡k wkíKjv GKv‡WgxÕ †Z cwVZ cÖeÜ| 30
cÖv¸³, c„ôv-2 31
`x‡bk P›`ª †mb, Ôe½fvlv I mvwnZ¨, cwðge½ ivR¨cy ÍK ch©`, wØZxq gy`ªY, 1991, c„ôv-36-37
mn‡RB ¯úó n‡q I‡V evsjvi mZ¨-wbi‡c¶ BwZnvm GL‡bv •Zwi nq wb| cÖm½Z, `x‡bkP›`ª †m‡bi BwZnv‡m
ÔcÙveZxÕi cyuw_ Qvov D‡jøL¨‡hvM¨ ms‡hvRbwPÎ †Pv‡L covi g‡Zv bq| ax‡i ax‡i BD‡ivcxqvb‡`i ÁvbZvwË¡K
AvMÖvm‡b nvwi‡q hvq G †`kxq mwZ¨Kvi I †g․wjK nvRvi eQ‡ii HwZn¨gwÐZ BwZnvm, HwZn¨, wk¶v-ms¯‥…wZ|
eZ©gv‡b BwZnv‡mi Av`k© ev wfwËg~j wn‡m‡e B÷ BwÛqv †Kv¤úvbx I e„wUk c„ô‡cvlKZvq m„ó‡`i cÖvavb¨ †`Iqv
n‡q _v‡K| c¶ ev wec¶ g‡Zi wbi‡c¶ wba©viY n‡Z mvaviY †`Lv hvq bv| BwZnv‡mi AvKi Z_¨ wn‡m‡e
D‡jL‡hvM¨- †Rgm wgj (wnw÷ Ae wewUªk BwÛqv, 6 LÐ), ÷zqvW©, ivgivg emy, h`ybv_ miKvi, ivLvj`vm
e‡›`¨vcva¨vq, my‡i›`ªbv_ †mb, i‡gkP›`ª gRyg`vi, bxnviÄb ivq cÖgyL e¨w³ D‡jøL‡hvM¨|
evsjvq evievi m„ó K…wÎg `ywf©‡¶ evsjvi mvaviY gvbeRxeb hvÎv‡K `ywe©ln K‡i Zz‡j| Avevi hvRK g¨vj_vmxq
wg_¨v Z‡Ë¡i Avov‡j mg Í AcKg©¸‡jv avgvPvcv w`‡Z _v‡K, KviY wn‡m‡e wfbœZ_¨ I DcvË `uvo Kivq|
AZx‡Zi mymg„× evsjv‡K we‡k¦ cÖwZwôZ K‡i A_©vr mevi Kv‡Q aviYv •Zwi m„wó K‡i Ô`ywf©¶cxwoZ, Ôf‚Lv-bv½vÕ
Ôwf¶z‡Ki †`kÕ wn‡m‡e| wgkbvix vwcZ ÎvYKzBev‡ii †cÖm Ges G †cÖm‡Kw›`ªK eyw×RxexMY ÔcÖvP¨ev`Õ bv‡g
evsjv‡K we‡jøl‡Yi ZvwË¡K wfwË `uvo Kivb|32
G eyw×Rxex †kªwY cÖvP¨‡K cvðv‡Z¨i Kv‡Q nxb, `wi ª, i ywPnxb,
†bvsiv, BZi, ee©i e‡j Zz‡j a‡ib| eZ©gv‡b GWIqvW© mvC‡`i ÔcÖvP¨ev`ÕI cÖZxP¨-cvðvZ¨mn wek¦e¨vcx
cÖvP¨‡K †`Lv‡bv ev we‡kwlZ Kivi cÖqvm cÖvq AbyiƒcB j¶¨ Kiv hvq| mycÖKvk ivq gšÍe¨ K‡ib,
Ôwe‡`kx kvmK‡Mvôx KZ©„K mycwiKwíZ fv‡e fvi‡Zi AvZ¥m¤ú~Y© MÖvg mgv‡Ri me©vZ¥vK aŸsm, K…wlf~wgi Dci
e¨w³MZ AwaKvi cÖwZôv, gy`ªv A_©bxwZi cÖPjb, gnvRbx cÖ_vi Avwef©ve Ges fvi‡Zi K…wl‡K AvaywbK wk‡í
DbœZ †MÖU e„‡U‡bi Avw_©K e¨e¯vi GKvšÍ Aaxb Kwievi Awbevh© cwiYwZ nBBj AvaywbK fvi‡Zi µgea©gvb
`ywf©¶| fvi‡Zi ywf©¶ e„wUk kvm‡biB `vbÑ GB gnvmZ¨wU †Mvcb ivwLevi D‡Ï‡k¨B gZev‡`i a~gªRvj m„wó
Kwiqv‡Qb, †hgb fviZel© nBj ÔwPi ywf©‡¶i †`kÕ wPi`vwi‡ ª¨i †`kÕ fvi‡Zi K…lKMY AwgZe¨qxÕ, Ôfvi‡Zi
`ywf©¶ Abve„wó ev AwZe„wói djÕ BZ¨vw`| m‡e©vcwi Zuvnvi Aóv`k kZvwãi e„wUk g~j abx‡kªYxi AvÁven
ag©hvRK g¨vj_v‡mi RbmsL¨v m¤^Üxq åvšÍ I hyw³nxb gZev`wU Ôe„‡U‡bi wg_¨vi hv yNiÕ nB‡Z evwni Kwiqv
Ges ZvnvB fvi‡Zi †¶‡Î cÖ‡qvM Kwiqv cÖPvi Kwiqv‡Qb †h, fvi‡Zi Lv‡`¨vrcv`‡bi Zzjbvq RbmsL¨vi
AZ¨waK e„w×B `ywf©‡¶i KviY|33
†Kv¤úvbx kvmb †_‡K mivmwi e„wUk kvm‡b cÖZ¨veZ©b Ki‡j nvRvi eQ‡ii fviZxq wk¶vwPšÍv‡K AeÁv I
Zvw”Qj¨ K‡i 1835 mv‡j e„wUk Av`‡j fvi‡Zi wk¶ve¨e v Pvjy n‡j mg Í fviZel©B n‡q c‡o Dcwb‡ek
ms¯‥…wZ-wk¶v wbf©ikxj|34
c~‡e©B D‡jøL, e„wUk BwZnvmwe` †Rvbm wg‡ji Av`‡k© m„wó nq fviZxq BwZnvm|
BwZnvm-wk¶v-ms¯‥…wZ mewKQziB cÖavb DcvË wbf©i K‡i Zv‡`iB QvcvK…Z WKz‡g›U, Kg©cÖ‡Póv, BD‡ivcxqvb
Av`k© m„wóg~jK DcvË, DËi mg‡qi AvwacZ¨g~jK Z_¨m¤¢vi| Dcwb‡ewkK‡`i AvwacZ¨ we Ív‡ii j‡¶¨ wk¶vi
†¶‡Î fviZxq nvRvi eQ‡ii wk¶vwPšÍv‡K AeÁv K‡i Zv‡`i †`vmi m„wó Rb¨ wk¶vµg, c×wZ I g~j¨qb c×wZ
m„wó K‡i|35
gwR` gvngy` gšÍe¨ K‡ib,
Jcwb‡ewkK wk¶vi gv‡RRv n‡”Q, BD‡ivcxq m¤úª`v‡qi †kÖôZ¡ cÖgvY|36
g¨vKvIj gšÍ‡e¨i mvims‡¶c GiKg †h- fviZxqiv †`‡n n‡e fviZxq wKš‧ wPšÍv-†PZbvq n‡e BD‡ivcxq|37
Dcwb‡ek g‡bve„wËi AbyK…Z eyw×Rxexiv GUv‡K D”PZi Av`k© †Kw›`ªK †h․w³KZv †`Lv‡Z e¨ Í|38
32
Ôe½‡`‡k gy`ªY I cÖKvkbvi Avw`ce©Õ evsjv GKv‡Wgx, XvKv, 1985, c„ôv-8 33
mycÖKvk ivq, Ôfvi‡Zi K…lK we‡`ªvnÕ c„ôv-182 34
gnxeyj AvwRR, ÔJcwb‡ewkK hy‡Mi wkÿv-mvwnZ¨Õ HwZn¨, XvKv, 2007, c „ôv-11-22 35
cÖv¸³, gnxeyj AvwRR, c„ôv-104-111| 36
gwR` gvngy`, mvwnZ¨wPšÍv I weKí fvebvÕ cÖK…wZ, XvKv, 2012, c„ôv-260| 37
d‡qRyj AvwRg, Ôevsjv‡`‡ki wkíKjvi Avw`ce© I Jcwb‡ewkK cÖfveÕ| evsjv GKv‡Wgx, 2000, c„ôv-35| 38
Dcwb‡ekc~e© evsjv wkÿve¨e¯vq cvV¨ welq¸‡jvi D‡jøL‡hvM¨- e¨vKiYZË¡, kãwe`¨v, †nZzwe`¨v, Aj¼viZË¡, Kve¨kv¯¿, wPwKrmvwe`¨v, PZz©‡e`,
mvsL¨v, msMxZ, gnvhvbkv¯¿, †hvMkv¯¿, †R¨vwZwe`¨v, MwYZ, A_©kv¯¿, Kvgkv¯¿, A¯¿‡e`, wm×všÍm~Î, kªywZZË¡, ¯§„wZkv¯¿, gxgvsmvZË¡, AvMgkv¯¿,
bxwZkv¯¿, bvU¨kv¯¿ BZ¨vw` AviI bvbv welq| Øv`k-·qv`k kZvwã‡Z Avgv‡`i †`‡ki wkÿvjq wQj Ôg³eÕ Ôgv`ªvmvÕ Ô†UvjÕ ÔPZz¯úvVx
(cvVkvjv)| GgwbK wLª÷ c~e©vã 2000 mv‡ji w`‡KI G‡`‡k wek¦wkÿvjq wQj| PZz_©-mßg kZvwã‡Z mg Í c„w_ex‡Z Ôwek¦we`¨vjq wd‡jvmwcÕ
Abymv‡i cÖvß 13wU wkÿvj‡qi g‡a¨ fviZ e‡l©B wQj 11wU| evsjvi gymwjg wkÿv aviv AZ¨šÍ mg„× wQj| evsjvq gymwjg wkÿv avivq wkÿv
web¨v‡m Øv`k-·qv`k kZvwã‡ZB wkí Ges cÖhyyw³MZ `ÿZv I Dbœq‡bi Ici we‡kl ¸iæZ¡ we`¨gvb wQj| ZLb wkLb welq¸‡jvi ga¨ Ab¨Zg
Dcwb‡ewkKiv G †`‡ki cÖvq me wKQz‡KB Ae`wgZ K‡i Zv‡`i AvwacZ¨ we Ívi, kvmb-†kvm‡bi myweav‡_©B
mg Í wKQz cwiPvwjZ K‡iwQj| fviZxq‡`i g‡a¨ Zv‡`i mv‡c©vUg~jK AvPiY j¶¨ Kiv hvq| m¤¢eZ Dcwb‡ek
cÖ‡R‡±i mn‡hvMx wn‡m‡e †`Lv hvq ag©ZvwË¡K wµqvw`i ivRv ivg‡gvnb ivq, wk¶vavivq Ck¦iP›`ª we`¨vmvMi,
mvwn‡Z¨ ew¼gP›`ª P‡Ævcva¨vq| Zv‡`i bvbv bvbv K‡_vK_b, wµqvw` I `„óvšÍ †Pv‡L c‡o| Z‡e Dcwb‡ek
wkív`v‡k© Zuviv AZ¨šÍ cÖZz¨¾¡j bv †f‡e cviv hvq bv| BD‡ivcxqvb‡`i AvbyMZ¨ Ges Abye„wËK k„•Lj wew¤§Z
nevi g‡Zv|39
Avevi AvaywbKZv Z‡Ë¡i cÖZz¾¡‡j¨ eZ©gv‡bI G¸‡jv `xc¨gvb|
gvK©&mxq †kªwYZË¡-c~uwRZ‡Ë¡i wbwi‡L evsjv mgvR‡K wbw`©ó gvcKvwV‡Z †dj‡Z Pvq| evsjvi Rbc`‡Kw›`ªK
mvg¨ev`x mgvR e¨e v‡K †f‡O jW© Kb©Iqvwjm wPi vqx f‚wg e‡›`ve Í K‡ib| m„wó K‡ib Rwg`vi‡kÖwYi| Gme
m„ó bZzb †kªwYeM© kvmb I †kvl‡Yi Av‡iK nvwZqvi|40
evsjvi mvgvwRK †kªwYØ›ØI Dcwb‡ek m„wó| webq †Nvl
Ôevsjvi beRvM„wZÕ MÖ‡š Dcwb‡ek‡`i †kªwYØ›ØKiY cÖwµqv AZ¨šÍ PgrKvifv‡e e¨vL¨v K‡ib| Dcwb‡ekiv
MÖv‡gi K…lK‡`i DrLvZ K‡i kn‡i G‡b kªwgK †kªwY •Zwi K‡i Ges wec‡¶ kn‡i cyuwRev`x †kªwY m„wó K‡i|
Gfv‡e evsjvq †kªwYØ›Ø I mvgvwRK Ø›Ø m„wó K‡ib Dcwb‡ekiv|41
e„wUk Dcwb‡ekc~e© evsjvq mgvR we‡kølY
Ki‡Z mvg¨ev`x mgvR e¨e vi wPÎB me©Î cÖZxqgvb nq| mgv‡Ri g‡a¨ e„nËi Ø›Øg~jK †Kv‡bv •ewkó¨ j¶¨Yxq
bq| mgv‡Ri Lye GKUv •elg¨MZ •ewkó¨ cwijw¶Z nq bv|42
mvg¨ev`x I m¤úªwZi mgv‡Ri wPÎB wea„Z nq|
Dcwb‡ekiv evsjvi mgv‡Ri MÖvg¸‡jv‡K `xb-nxb K‡i Zz‡j bMi‡K DbœZKiYmn †K›`ª I cÖvšÍ wefvRbxq bvbv
kvmb-†kvm‡bi ivRbxwZ ïiæ K‡i| d‡qRyj AvwRg gšÍe¨ K‡ib,
ÔJcwb‡ewkK †kvl‡Yi myweav‡_© Bs‡iRiv M‡o Zz‡jwQj bMi Ges bMi †Kw› ªK GK bZzb fviZxq mgvR| †mB
mgv‡Ri A½ wQ‡jv e¨emv`vi, wVKv`vi, `vjvj, gnvRb, †Kivbx cÖf„wZ ciRxex †kªYx| mgmvgwqK ivR‣bwZK
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Archaeology, Edited by M. M Hoque, A.T.M. Atiqur Rahman, Seema Hoque, Centre for Archaeoly and
Heritage Researech, Dhaka, Bangladesh, 2010, c„ôv 398-G cÖeÜwUi m‡½ Zzjbvg~jK we‡kølY K‡i 55
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