Conventional Instructional Strategies

By :Adi Susanto7416140269

PROGRAM MAGISTER PENDIDIKAN KEPENDUDUKAN DAN LINGKUNGAN HIDUP

PASCASARJANA UNJ2014

Dosen Pengampu :Prof. Dr. I Made Putrawan

Instructional strategies• Definition

• Instructional is process, ways, actions or living things making people learn

• Instructional strategies is ways to present learning materials to the students to achieve the goals set.

Various instructional strategies

•Conventional•Inconventional

Conventional Instructional Strategies

• traditional learning methods or collectively, the lecture method, because this method has long been used as a means of oral communication between teachers and students in the learning process and learning. In the conventional method of teaching history is marked with lectures accompanied by an explanation, and the division of tasks and exercises.

   Characteristics Conventional Learning Method

In general, the characteristics of the conventional learning are:1.Learning is very abstract and theoretical 2.Behavior built on habit 3.Truth is absolute and final knowledge 4.Teachers are deciding the course of the learning process 5.Good behavior based on extrinsic motivation 6.Interaction among students is less 7.Teachers often act concerned group processes that occur

in the study groups.

Various strategies1. Lecture method2. Question and answer method3. Discussion method4. Learning task and recitation method5. Demonstration method

6. Socio drama method7.  Problem solving method8.  Training method9.  Field trip method10. Habituation

method11. Modeling method12. Punishment method13. Storytelling method14. Experiment method

Lecture Method• DefinitionLecture method is a method of presenting subjects with a verbal explanation directly to the learners. In this method which has the main role of teachers

Question and answer method

• Question and answer method is a method of presenting lessons through the form of questions to be answered by learners. In case this happens the reciprocal relationship is directly between teachers and students. This method is typically used when:

a) Intends to repeat the lesson material. b) Want to arouse the attention of the students to learn. c) Students are not too much. d) As an interlude lecture method. e) To direct the thinking process.

Question and answer method

• Positives : a.Can attract and focus

students b.Stimulate students to train

and develop piker power and memory

c.Develop the courage and skills of students in answers and express opinions.

• Negatives : a.Students feel scared b.Not easy to make question is

within their level of thinking and understood mmudah students

c.Time is often wasted d.In a number of students that

much, maybe not enough time to give each student a question.

Method Discussion• Discussion method is a problem solving activity in the group to draw conclusions. [4] This method can be used if:

• a) The questions which solution is best left to the student. b) To seek the decision of a problem. c) Allowing students to appreciate other people's opinions.

Method Discussion• Positives : a.Stimulate children's

creativity b.Develop respect for

others' opinions c.Expanding horizons d.Foster deliberation and

consensus

• Negatives : a.The talk sometimes deviate b.Can not be used in a large

group c.Participants received

limited information d.Probably controlled by

people who like to talk or want to assert themselves.

Method of learning tasks and recitation

• Recitation method is a method of presenting the material in which educators provide certain task so that learners perform learning activities. This method can be used if:

a) Teachers expect that all the knowledge that has been well received by students. b) To enable the students to learn themselves a problem with reading and working on the test itself as well try it for yourself. c) In order for students to be more diligent and can measure activity both at home and at school.

Method DemonstrationThe method is a method of presenting lessons

with demonstrate to students a process, situation, or particular object being studied, both real and imitation. This method can be used if:a. Children have certain skills. b. Facilitate a variety of explanations. c. Helping children to understand clearly the course of a process with great interest.

Method Sociodrama• Sociodrama method is a method of teaching by dramatize how to behave in social relations. This method is used when the;

a)Want to train children to be able to solve problems that are social psychological and can get along and give understanding to others.

b)Want to explain an incident concerning the people therein.

Method Sociodrama• Positives : a.Students train themselves to

understand and remember the content of the material to be dramatized

b.Students are trained to take the initiative and be creative

c.Student talent can be nurtured d.Cooperation between players can be

grown and nurtured e.Students acquire the habit to accept

and share responsibility with others f.Spoken language students can be

fostered

• Negatives : a.Sebagia children who do not

participate are less creative

b.A lot of time-consuming c.Require a fairly extensive d.Another class is

interrupted by the sound of the players and spectators.

Problem solving

• This method is not just a method of teaching, but also a thought process in problem solving because it can use other methods to look for the data and draw conclusions.Positive Negative a. This method can make instructional more relevant to life, especially with the world of work. b. The process of teaching and learning through problem solving can familiarize the students to face and solve problems skillfully. c. This method stimulates the development of students' ability to think creatively and comprehensively.

a. Determining the degree of difficulty of a problem according to the level of student thinking is difficult b. It takes quite a lot of time c. Students changing learn habits

Training• The method of training is a way to acquire a skill or dexterity of what has been learned.

Positive Negative a. students can acquire motor skills b. students can acquire the mental skills c. students can form habits and add accuracy and speed of execution

a. Inhibiting the talent and initiative of students b. Cause static adjustments to the environment c. Exercises if performed repeatedly is monotonous and get bored easily

Field Trip• Field Trip method is a way of presenting learning material with the students by visit the object to be studied.Positive Negative

a. Material learned in school to become more relevant to the reality and the needs that exist in society b. Can stimulate the creativity of children.

a. Requires preparation involving many parties b. Requires preparation and careful planning c. Often elements of recreation a priority, the study neglected element d. Require closer security e. The cost is fairly expensive f. Require teachers and school responsibility for the smooth running and safety of students on a field trip.

Habituation• This method of prioritizing process to make someone become accustomed

Positive Negative With this method, we can save energy and time, because it is associated with soul and physics aspect, a method that is considered the most successful in the formation of the personality of students

Requires teachers who can serve as role models in instilling the values of personality to their students.

Modeling• Method of teaching by giving a good example to the students in order to develop physical, mental, and personality correctly

Positive Negative 1) Student easier to apply knowledge learned in school 2) Teachers are more easily evaluate learning outcomes 3) The purpose of education is more targeted and achieved well 4) Created a good relationship between students and teachers 5) Encourage teachers to always do good because being exemplary for students.

There is teacher who does not meet the code of ethics teacher.

Punishment• Implementation for last resort to educate student but try not hurting physically

Positive Negative Student will not make same mistake

Evoke emotion or grudge in student

Storytelling• Storytelling is a way of teaching by telling. Neither teachers nor students can act as speakers.

Positive Negative a. Teachers easily master class b. Teachers easily increase the concentration of students in a relatively long time c. easy to prepare d. Teachers easily implement e. Can be followed by students in large quantities

a. Students sometimes swayed by the way the story b. Only teachers who are good with words c. Cause passive students d. Students more likely memorized the main story of the stories told.

Experiment• Experimental method is the method of taking the opportunity for individuals or groups of students, trained to perform a process or experimentPositive Negative

a. Children have more confidence in the truth based on experiments rather than just accept the word teacher or book b. Developing attitude to conduct an exploratory study. c. Nurtured human will can bring a new breakthrough with the discovery as a result of the experiments that are expected to benefit the welfare of human life

a. Insufficient tools b. If the experiment requires a longer period of time, the students have to obey to continue lessons c. More appropriate to present the fields of science and technology.(8)

Conclusion Conventional instructional strategies is learning

approach more teacher-centered, more one-way communication from the teacher to the student, the learning method is the mastery of concepts instead

of competence. Various method in conventional instructional strategies is Lecture, question and

answer, discussion, task and recitation, demonstration, sociodrama, problem solving,

training, field trip, habituation, modeling, award, punishment, story telling and experiment.

FINISH...

>>THANKS FOR YOU’R ATTENTIONS<<