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FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE IN SELECTED BRIANMCKNIGHT’S SONGS
(SEMANTIC ANALYSIS)
A THESIS
Submitted to the Faculty of Cultural and Sciences of Hasanuddin University
In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements to Obtain Sarjana Degree
In English Department
EMA RIZQAL MAFTUHAH
F21112007
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF CULTURAL AND SCIENCES
HASANUDDIN UNIVERSITY
MAKASSAR
2018
ii
This thesis is dedicated to my beloved parentsand to all learners who have a high curiosity forknowledge whose work with passion, vision, andmission to make a positive impact in the life of
others.
iii
SKRIPSI
FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE IN SELECTED BRIAN MCKNIGHT’S
SONGS
(SEMANTIC ANALYSIS)
Disusun dan diajukan oleh:
EMA RIZQAL MAFTUHAH
No Pokok: F21112007
Telah dipertahankan di depan panitia ujian skripsi pada tanggal 27 April 2018 dan
dinyatakan telah memenuhi syarat
Menyetujui
Komisi pembimbing:
Ketua, Sekretaris,
Dra. Nadira Mahaseng, M.Ed. Dra. Nasmilah, M.Hum., Ph.D.NIP: 1955 1224 1986 01 2001 NIP: 1963 1103 1988 11 2001
Dekan Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Ketua Jurusan Sastra Inggris,Universitas Hasanuddin,
Prof. Dr. Akin Duli, M.A. Dr. Abidin Pammu, M.A., Dipl. TESOL.NIP. 1964 0716 1991 03 1010 NIP. 1960 1231 1986 01 1071
iv
UNIVERSITAS HASANUDDIN
FAKULTAS ILMU BUDAYA
JURUSAN SASTRA INGGRIS
Sesuai dengan surat tugas Dekan Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas
Hasanuddin nomor: 2946/UN4.9.1/PP.35/2017, tanggal 17 Mei 2017. Kami
menyatakan menerima dan menyetujui skripsi ini untuk dirumuskan ke panitia
ujian skripsi Jurusan Sastra Inggris Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas
Hasanuddin.
Makassar, 28 Maret 2018
Konsultan I Konsultan II
Dra. Nadira Mahaseng, M. Ed. Dra. Nasmilah, M. Hum., Ph.D.NIP: 1955 1224 1986 01 2001 NIP: 1963 1103 1988 11 2001
Menyetujuia.n. Dekan
Ketua Jurusan Sastra Inggris
Dr. Abidin Pammu, M.A., Dipl. TESOL.NIP. 1960 1231 1986 01 1071
v
FAKULTAS ILMU BUDAYA
JURUSAN SASTRA INGGRIS
Pada hari Jum’at tanggal 27 April 2018, Panitia Ujian Skripsi menerima
dengan baik skripsi yang berjudul:
FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE IN SELECTED BRIAN MCKNIGHT’S
SONGS
(SEMANTIC ANALYSIS)
Yang diajukan dalam rangka memenuhi salah satu syarat ujian guna
memperoleh gelar Sarjana Sastra, Jurusan Sastra Inggris pada Fakultas Ilmu
Budaya Universitas Hasanuddin.
Makassar, 27 April 2018
Panitia Ujian Skripsi :
1. Dra. Nadira Mahaseng, M.Ed. Ketua -------------------------
2. Dra. Nasmilah, M.Hum., Ph.D. Sekretaris -------------------------
3. Dr. Sukmawaty, M.Hum. Penguji 1 -------------------------
4. Drs. Simon Sitoto, M.A. Penguji 2 -------------------------
5. Dra. Nadira Mahaseng, M.Ed. Konsultan 1 -------------------------
6. Dra. Nasmilah, M.Hum., Ph.D. Konsultan 2 -------------------------
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Bismillahirrahmanirahim.
First and foremost, the writer would like to express the greatest gratitude
and praise to the almighty Allah azza wa jalla who has given the ways, the
chance, the spirit, the health, the grace and the guidance in the whole life, so that
the writer can complete this thesis. He make it possible for the writer to reach
another significant point in her quest for knowledge in life. Shalawat and Salam
are also addressed to the prophet Muhammad Shalallahu ‘alaihi wasallam and his
family, who have changed the face of the history of mankind in a manner that this
world has never seen before.
The writer is also grateful to Dra. Nadira Mahaseng, M.Ed., as the first
consultant and Dra. Nasmilah, M.Hum., as the second consultant for their
supportive motivations and constructive comments and guidance. Their sincerity
on supervising has always brought the writer into encouragement and eagerness
for working to the research completion.
Big and deepest thanks to the writer’s parents Baharuddin Majid &
Naharia may the lord in His infinite mercy grant you long life in good health and
peace of mind. Also for the writer’s beloved older sisters, Ernawati, Evi
Sastrawati and her older brother Muh. Irfan, thank you for love and prays in
every single thing.
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The writer’s profound gratitude also goes to all those who helped her in
both of morally and materially, they are:
1. The dean of the Faculty of Cultural and Sciences, Hasanuddin University,
Prof. Dr. Akin Duli, M.A.
2. The head and secretary of the English Department, Hasanuddin University
Dr. Abidin Pammu, M.A., Dipl. TESOL. And Sitti Sahreany, S.S., M.A.
3. The writer’s academic supervisor, Dr. H. Fathu Rahman. M.Hum. for his
advice and care.
4. All lecturers who have guided the writer during the study in the English
Department.
5. All administrative and library staff of the Faculty of Letters, especially for
Pak Udin, Pak Ruslan and Pak Suardi who never tired of answering all
the writer's questions and helping her.
6. For the writer’s best sisters, Yana, Iin, Fatmawati and Puteri Andani,
thanks for always praying, supporting her every time.
7. Deepest thanks to the writer’s friends Adibah, Hasni, Efriyana, Reski
Yuliani, A. Tenri Reza and all students of the English Department ’12 that
the writer can not mention one by one. Thanks a lot for their memorable
friendships.
8. For Kaballangang's big family, Kak Agus, Kak Mex, Aldys, Ayu, Sulfa
and Evi, thanks a lot for the laughter, tears, jokes, and all the unforgettable
memories during KKN.
viii
9. And all parties that the writer can not mention one by one which has
provided assistance either morally and materially. Thank you all, may God
repay you.
The writer realizes that this thesis is still far from being perfect. Therefore,
the writer is openly encouraged to any criticisms and suggestions either in writing
or speaking for the improvements in the next research. Finally, the writer hopes
that this research can be useful for education in general and for all of us in
particular.
Makassar, 27 April 2018
The writer
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
COVER ................................................................................................................... i
DEDICATION....................................................................................................... ii
LEGITIMACY ..................................................................................................... iii
AGREEMENT ..................................................................................................... iv
APPROVAL .......................................................................................................... v
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT................................................................................... vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS..................................................................................... ix
ABSTRAK ............................................................................................................ xi
ABSTRACT......................................................................................................... xii
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ........................................................................ 1
A. Background ..............................................................................................1
B. Identification of the Problem....................................................................3
C. Scope of the Study....................................................................................4
D. Research Question ....................................................................................4
E. Objectives of the Study ............................................................................5
F. Significances of the Study........................................................................5
CHAPTER II: THEORETICAL BACKGROUND........................................... 6
x
A. Previous Study..........................................................................................6
B. Theoretical Background ...........................................................................7
1. Figurative Language .............................................................................7
2. Semantics ............................................................................................14
3. Meaning ..............................................................................................16
4. Song ....................................................................................................19
CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY........................................... 21
A. Research Paradigm .................................................................................21
B. The Data of Research .............................................................................22
C. The Method of Collecting Data..............................................................22
D. The Method of Analyzing Data..............................................................24
CHAPTER IV: PRESENTATION, FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION ........... 25
A. Presentation ............................................................................................25
B. Findings ..................................................................................................30
C. Discussion ..............................................................................................34
1. Types of Figurative Language ............................................................34
a. Simile ..............................................................................................34
b. Metaphor .........................................................................................37
c. Personification.................................................................................40
d. Hyperbole........................................................................................45
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e. Metonymy .......................................................................................50
2. The Dominant Types of Figurative Language ....................................53
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS ................................ 55
A. Conclusions ............................................................................................55
B. Suggestions.............................................................................................56
REFERENCES.................................................................................................... 57
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ABSTRAK
Ema Rizqal Maftuhah. Figurative Language in Selected Brian McKnight’sSongs (Analisis Semantik) (dibimbing oleh Dra. Nadira Mahaseng, M.Ed. danDra. Nasmilah, M.Hum., Ph.D.).
Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi dan menjelaskan makna majasyang digunakan dalam lagu Brian McKnight, serta mengungkap jenis majasyang paling banyak digunakan dalam lagu tersebut.
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis kualitatif deskriptif. Datapenelitian diambil dari beberapa lagu Brian McKnight yang terdapat dalam albumBrian Mcknight, I remember you, back at one, superhero, more than word danbetter. Dengan menggunakan teori figurative language Perrine, penulismelakukan observasi dengan mengamati lirik lagu dari Brian McKnight danmengambil kalimat-kalimat yang mengandung majas.
Dari hasil analisis, penulis menemukan bahwa majas yang digunakandalam lagu Brian McKnight sangat beragam. Terdapat 37 data yang telahditemukan, 11 data merupakan majas hiperbola, 9 data merupakan majaspersonifikasi, 7 data merupakan majas simile, 6 data merupakan majas metaporadan 4 data merupakan majas metonimi. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa majas yangpaling sering digunakan dalam lagu Brian McKnight adalah majas hiperbola.
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ABSTRACT
Ema Rizqal Maftuhah. Figurative Language in Selected Brian McKnight’sSongs (Semantic Analysis) (supervised by Dra. Nadira Mahaseng, M.Ed. andDra. Nasmilah, M.Hum., Ph.D.).
This study aimed to identify and describe the meaning of figurativelanguage in Brian McKnight’s songs and disclose the dominant types of figurativelanguage that used in those songs.
This study used descriptive qualitative method. The data were obtainedfrom Brian McKnight’s songs that contained in Brian McKnight album, Iremember you, back at one, superhero, more than word and better. By usingfigurative language theory of Perrine, the writer observed the song lyric and tookthe sentences that contained figurative language.
From the analysis, the writer finds that figurative language that used inBrian McKnight’s songs very diserve. There are 37 data that have found, 11 dataof hyperbole, 9 data of personification, 7 data of simile, 6 data of metaphor and 4data of metonymy. It can be conclude that figurative language that most used inBrian McKnight’s songs is hyperbole.
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CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
In this chapter, the writer presents six topics related to this study. This
includes the background, identification of the problem, scope of the study,
research questions, objectives of the study, and the significance of the study.
A. BACKGROUND
Language can be defined as a means of communication of human life.
In daily life, people need language to communicate, to interact and to get
information from other people. Language is used to express someone‘s
feelings or emotion and also to express their ideas, thoughts and
imaginations. It can be spoken or written. Spoken language is a form of
language that expressed directly using the spoken word orally, usually
followed by tone and body language. Spoken language can be found in the
speech and conversation, while the written language is a form of language
that uses the written text as a basic element. Written language can be found in
the novel, newspaper, song, poem, magazine, etc. As human beings, people
cannot separate themselves from involvement of social communication and
interaction, which certainly makes themselves impossible to live without
language.
Linguistics is the scientific study of language and involves an analysis
of language form, language meaning, and language in context. One of the
branches of linguistics that study about meaning in language is semantics.
2
According to Griffith (2006) semantics is the study of word meaning and
sentence meaning, abstracted away from contexts of use. Further, Griffiths
state that semantics is the study of “toolkit” for meaning : knowledge
encoded in the vocabulary of the language and in its patterns for building
more elaborate meaning, up to the level of sentence meaning.
Basically, figurative language is part of semantics. Figurative
language is broadly defined as anyway of saying something other than
ordinary way and it is more norrowly definable as a way of saying one thing
and meaning another. Some authors used figurative language to produce
images in readers minds and to express ideas in fresh, vivid, and imaginative
ways. There are many types of figurative language such as: metaphor, simile,
personification, symbols, hyperbola, irony, understatement, etc.
Besides in novels and poems, figurative language can also found in a
songs. Song is one example of literature. Song as piece of music with words
that are sung has a function to express the thoughts and feelings. Song has
two elements, such as lyric and music. When listening a song, sometimes
people not focus on the lyric that used in a song. Usually people just like the
song because the singer or maybe the music is good. And sometimes when
people try to focus on the lyric, they will found some difficulties in
understanding the meaning of the song lyrics. Especially, when the lyric used
figurative language. Whereas, knowing the meaning of a lyric is imprortant
so that the message to be conveyed by the songwriter can be understood by
3
the listener. Therefore, one of the way to know the true meaning that
contained in figurative language is using semantic analysis.
Based on the explanation above, the writer is interested to analyze
figurative language in song because almost all people like to listen to a song.
However, sometimes people listen to a song without understanding the
meaning of the song. Whereas, every song has messages to convey to the
listeners. Therefore, in this study the data will be taken from songs, in
particular, Brian McKnight’s songs. The writer chooses Brian McKnight’s
songs because the songs are meaningful and enjoyable to be heard. The lyrics
of the songs are also typically poetic that the writer can find many figurative
langauges that contained in the song lyrics. Therefore, the writer interested to
elaborate the figurative language in Brian McKnight’s song lyrics by using
semantic analysis approach.
B. IDENTIFICATION OF THE PROBLEM
In accordance with the explanation above, the writer would like to
identify some problems as follows:
1. It is hard to identify the types of figurative language in song lyrics.
2. It is difficult to understand the song lyrics especially when the lyrics use
figurative language.
3. It is hard to understand the meaning of figurative language that is used in
song lyrics.
4
4. It is a confusion for some readers and listeners to know how to understand
figurative language.
C. SCOPE OF THE STUDY
Related to the background above, the writer limits this study to the
following extent:
1. The writer focuses her study on the types of figurative language, the
meanings of figurative language found in Brian McKnight’s songs and the
type of figurative language that is mostly used in Brian McKnight’s
songs.
2. The writer analyzes the types of figurative language by using Laurence
Perrine’s theory, e.g. simile, metaphor, personification, metonymy, and
hyperbole.
3. The writer chooses eleven songs by Brian McKnight. They are : one last
cry, crazy love, I remeber you, back at one, my kind of girl, everything,
still, 4th of July, key 2 my heart, just enough and love is.
D. RESEARCH QUESTIONS
Based on the scope of the study above, the writer formulates the three
research questions to be answered as stated in the following research
questions:
1. What are the types of figurative language found in Brian McKnight’s
songs?
5
2. What are the meanings of those figurative language?
3. Which types of figurative language are most dominant?
E. OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The objectives of the study are:
1. To identify the types of figurative language used in Brian McKnight’s
songs.
2. To describe the meanings of those figurative language.
3. To find out the dominant types of figurative language in those songs.
F. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
Theoretically, the writer expects that this study will give information
to the readers about the types of figurative language used in a song lyric. In
addition, the writer also hopes the readers can understand about what the
meanings of figurative language in a song lyric especially Brian McKnight’s
songs.
Practically, the writer hopes that this study will give information to
the society about the types of figurative language found in Brian McKnight’s
songs. Moreover, the writer expects that this study can be a contribution to
the students of English department in analyzing the types of figurative
language in song lyric by using semantic analysis and as a reference for those
who are interested in the subject of linguistic as guidance or comparison in
writing thesis with the same subject.
6
CHAPTER II
THEORITICAL BACKGROUND
A. PREVIOUS STUDIES
There are several studies that have been done previously by some
writers that are relevant to this study.
Reskiana Solo on her thesis “Figurative Language of Marriage
Proposal in Buginese”. She had graduated in 2010 at English department,
Hasanuddin University. Her research concentrated on the types of figurative
language that used in Buginese marriage proposal and also to preserve and
maintain the valuable culture that this ethnic has possessed.
Andi Nurtika Karim on her thesis “Figurative Language in English
Translation of Some Surahs of Al Quran Dealings Judgment Day”. She had
greaduated in 2010 at English department, Hasanuddin University. Her
research explained about the figurative language contained in the Qur’an
related to the Day of Resurrection. The method used in the writing of her
thesis is the research literature with reference to library materials relevant to
the topic discussed. In addition, in analyzing data the writer used descriptive
method. Based on the research, the writer found 12 hyperbole, 4
personification, 2 metaphor and synecdoce, and 1 simile.
Ibnu Ikhwan Ilyas on his thesis “Figurative Language in Pappasenna
Torioloe”. He had graduated in 2013 at English Department, Hasanuddin
7
University. The research used descriptive method. The object of his research
taken from the book of Fachruddin A.E: Pappasenna To Maccae Ri Luwuq
Sibawa Kajao Laliqdong Ri Bone. The types of figurative language that
analyze in his thesis is the figurative language that include in the group of
comparison i.e. metaphor, simile, personification, antithesis and allegory.
From 32 data, the writer found 9 metaphor, 5 personification and 18 simile.
In their thesis above, the first writer tried to analyze the types of
figurative language in Buginese marriage proposal, the second writer
attempted to analyze the types of figurative language in Al Quran and the last
writer tried to analyze figurative language in Pappasenna Torioloe. But in this
study, the writer tries to analyze the types of figurative language in a song
lyric, especially in Brian McKnight’s songs. The writer also describes the
meanings of figurative language that found in Brian McKnight’s songs by
using semantics analysis. Futhermore, the writer can find out the dominant
types of figurative language in Brian McKnight’s songs. In brief, the writer
can conclude that the object and the ways to analyze the data of this study are
different from some studies above.
B. THEORETICAL BACKGROUND
1. Figurative Language
Figurative language is language that uses words or expressions
with a meaning that is different from the literal interpretation. The
authors used figurative language to produce images in readers minds and
to express ideas in fresh, vivid, and imaginative ways. Figurative
8
language or language style is an attractive language which is use to
increase the effect by introducing and comparing an object or certain
matter or more general soothing else. So, the usage of a certain language
style earns to alter and make certain connotative.
Keraf (2009) said figurative language is a way to express
thoughts through language. It is typically showing the spirit and
personality of the author. The use of figurative language in a sentence
often has the effect of certain influences. But the most important one is
that figurative language has an influence for the meaning to be conveyed.
According to Perrine (1969), there are four main reasons of using
figurative language. Firstly, figurative language affords readers
imaginative pleasure of literary works. Secondly, it is a way of bringing
additional imagery into verse, making the abstract concrete, making
literary works more sensuous. Thirdly, figurative is a way of adding
emotional intensity to otherwise merely informative statements and
conveying attitudes along with information. And the last, it is a way of
saying much in brief compass.
Types of Figurative Language
1. Simile
A simile is a direct comparison between things, which are
not particularly similar in their sense (Reaske, 1966). Unlike
metaphor which compares two things directly, a simile compares
two different things by employing the words “like” or “as”
9
(Sharndama and Suleiman). For example : “Her lips parted like a
ripe red pomegranate” (Keraf, 2009: 138). It can be seen that the
word like compare lip to pomegranate. The sentence describes about
the beauty of the lip itself.
2. Metaphor
Metaphor is a figure of speech in which an implicit
comparison that made two things usually unlike. Perrine (1969)
states that in metaphor the comparison is implied – that is, the
figurative term and it is substituted for or identified with the literal
term. Both of metaphor and simile are comparison between two
things that are essentially unlike. The only distinction between them
is the use of connotative words. In simile, the poet uses the
connotative word such as : like, as, then, similar to, or resemble.
While, in metaphor the comparison is implied, the figurative term
and it is subtituted or identified with literal term. For example : The
light of my life. The person described by this metaphor is not really
providing physical light. He or she is just someone who brings
happiness or joy.
3. Personification
Personification is the process assigning human characteristic
into non- human things. According to Perrine (1969), personification
consists in giving the attributes of a human being to an animal, an
object, or an idea. For examples: The moon smiled at me. It is a
10
personification because the word smile only addresed to a human not
a thing.
4. Apostrophe
According to Perrine (1969), apostrophe is defined as
addresing someone absent or something nonhuman as if it was a live
and present and could reply to what is being said. Apostrophe used
as an arrangement of words addressing a non-existent person or an
abstract idea in such a way as if it were present and capable of
understanding feelings. For example : Jane Taylor uses apostrophe in
the well-known nursery rhyme “The Star”. “Twinkle, twinkle, little
star, How I wonder what you are. Up above the world so high. Like a
dimond in the sky.” In the nursery rhyme, a child addresses a star (an
imaginary idea).
5. Metonymy
Metonymy is a figurative meaning in which the name of one
object or idea is substituted for that of another closely associated
with it. According to Keraf (2009), metonymy is a figure of speech
that uses a word to represent another thing closely related to the
word itself. The relationship between the word and represented thing
can be as an inventor and his invention, owner and the owned thing,
and so on. For example : Nothing like it has happened since
Napoleon. Napoleon is used to represent the time of Napoleon, the
time when Napoleon lived.
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6. Synecdoche
Synecdoche is a word or phrase in which a part of something
is used to represent a whole, or a whole is used to represent a part of
something. According to Keraf (2009), synecdoche is a term derived
from Greek word Synekdechesthai that means “receiving together”.
Synechdoche is a kind of figurative language that mentions part of a
thing to signify the whole thing or uses the whole to signify the part.
For example : Australia lost by two goals. Australia is used to
represent the Australian team (Oxford Learner’s Dictionary)
7. Symbolism
Symbolism is the practice or art of using an object or a word
to represent an abstract idea. An action, person, place, word, or
object can all have a symbolic meaning. Symbolism is often used by
writer to enhace their writing. Symbolism can give a literary work
more richness and color and can make the meaning of the work
deeper. For example : “ Ah Sunflowers, weary of time,
Who countest the steps of the sun;
Seeking after that sweet golden clime
Where the treveler’s journey is done.”
William Blake goes symbolic in his poem “Ah Sunflower”.
Blake uses a sunflower as a symbol for human beings and “the sun”
symbolizes life. Therefore, these lines symbolically refer to their life
cycle and their yearning for a never-ending life.
12
8. Allegory
Allegory is a narrative or description that has a second
meaning beneath the surface one. Althought the surface story or
description may have its own interest, the author’s major interest is
in the ulterior meaning. Allegory has been defined sometimes as an
extended metaphor and sometimes as a series of related symbols
(Perrine, 1969). For example: “The beauty has her own to love her
lover, the beast” (Reaske, 1996: 26). In this sentence, the beauty is a
girl who has beautiful face and the beast is a man who has ugly face
like an animal. The beautiful girl love her boyfrined who has an ugly
face.
9. Paradox
A paradox is an apparent contradiction that is nevertheless
somehow true. It may be either a situation or a statement. As a figure
of speech, paradox is a statement. Paradox is the statement
seemingly self-contradiction or opposed to what is commonly held to
be true but which nevertheless contains a truth. For example: When
Alexander Pope wrote that a literaly critic of his time would “damn
with faint praise,” he was using a verbal paradox, for how can a man
damn by praising? (Perrine, 1969: 109).
13
10. Hyperbole
“Hyperbole or overstatement is simply exaggeration but
exaggeration in the service of truth” (Perrine, 1969: 110).
Meanwhile, Tarigan (2005) gives definition of hyperbole that is a
figure of speech used for exaggeration purposes. It is forms from the
basic several of jokes is used as way for insult, or simply is used to
dramatize a situation, where in reality of the situation may not be
that bad. For example: If I can’t get a new car, I will die. This
sentence show something exaggeration because it is a impossible
that someone will die if they can’t get a new car.
11. Understatement
Understatement is a figurative language that makes less
meaning. According to Perrine (1969: 111), “understatement is
saying less than one means that may exist in what are said or merely
in how one say it”. While, Tarigan (2009) said that understatement is
figure of speech that is implicated something happened which is
totally contadicted with what is said. For example: When you give a
gift to someone “Here, take it, just a little gift”. In this situation, you
said that you only give a little gift, but the truth is you give someone
a precious and luxury gift.
12. Irony
“Irony is the contrast between the actual meaning of word
statement and the suggestion of another meaning. The intended
14
implications are often actually a mockery of what being stated”
(Reaske, 1966: 35). For example : I love your voice when you stop
singing. In fact, this sentence describes that I who have been love
your voice do not really love, but the speech wants to someone (you)
to stop singing and the hearer goes away with exactly the opposite
idea from what speech meant to convey (Perrine, 1974: 626).
13. Allusion
An allusion is a figure of speech that makes a reference to a place,
person, or event. This can be real or imaginary and may refer to
anything, including fiction, folklore, historical events, or religious
manuscripts. The reference can be direct or may be inferred, and can
broaden the readers understanding. For example: This ceremony
reminds me of the proclamation of independence in 1945.
2. Semantics
Semantic is the study of meaning in language. It is concerned
with what sentences and other linguistics objects express. Semantic is the
scientific study of the meaning of words. The word semantic has
ultimately prevailed as a name for the doctrine of meaning in particular
of linguistics meaning. According to Griffiths (2006), semantics is the
study of word meaning and sentence meaning, abstracted away from
contexts of use, is a descriptive subject. Further, Griffiths (2006) state
that semantics is the study of “toolkit” for meaning : knowledge encoded
15
in the vocabulary of the language and in its patterns for building more
elaborate meaning, up to the level of sentence meaning.
Nowadays, there are two ways of approaching semantics. The
formal semantics approach connects with classical philosophical
semantics, that is, logic. Formal semantics tries to describe the meaning
of language using the descriptive apparatus of formal logic. The goal is to
describe natural language in a formal, precise, unambiguous way. Formal
semantics is concerned with how words are related to objects in the
world and how combinations of words preserve or not the truth-
conditions of their componens. The other approach to semantics is
psychologically-oriented semantics or cognitive semantics. This
approach does not consider the logical structure of language as important
for the description of the meaning of language, and tends to disregard
notions such as truth-values or strict compositionality. Cognitive
semantics tries to explain semantic phenomena by appealing to
biological, psychological and even cultural issues.
16
3. Meaning (Linguistics)
In linguistics, meaning is what the source or sender expresses,
communicates, or conveys in their message to observer or reciver, and
what the receiver infers from the current context. In general, meaning is
distinguished into two, they are definitive meaning and connotative
meaning. Definitive meaning refers to the lexical meaning that is
generally used. While connotative meaning is subjective that is being
shifted from definitive meaning because it has been added by additional
feeling, moral and value. In the other hand, Griffiths (2006:9) said that
there are two part in meaning, they are :
1) Sender meaning or intentional meaning is the meaning that the
speakers or writer intends to convey by means of an utterance.
Sender’s meaning something that addresses are continually has to
make informed guesses about.
2) Utterance meaning or literal meaning is a necessary fiction that
linguists doing semantics and pragmatics have to work it. It is the
meaning explicature and implicatures that an utterance would likely
be understood as conveying when interpreted by people who know
the language, are aware of the context, and have whatever
background knowledge the sender could reasonably presume to be
available to the addresses.
17
Other classification of meaning is made by Geoffrey Leech
(1983:9-20); He states that there are seven types of meaning:
1. Conceptual Meaning or Sense
Logical, cognitive,or dennotativecontent.
AssosiativeMeaning
2. ConnotativeMeaning
What iscommunicated byvirtue of whatlanguage refers to.
3. SocialMeaning
What iscommunicated ofthe socialcircumstances oflanguage use.
4. AffectiveMeaning
What iscommunicated ofthe feelings andattitudes of thespeaker / writer.
5. ReplectedMeaning
What iscommunicatedthrough associationwith another senseof the sameexpression.
6. CollocativeMeaning
What iscommunicatedthrough assosiationwith words whichtend to occur in theenvironment ofanother word.
7. Thematic Meaning
What iscommunicated bythe way in whichthe message isorganized in termsof order andemphasis.
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1. Conceptual meaning (sometimes called ‘denotative’ or ‘cognitive’
meaning) is widely assumed to be the central factor in linguistic
communication.
2. Connotative meaning is the communicative value an expression has by
virtue of what it refers to, over and above its purely conceptual content.
3. Social meaning is that which a piece of language conveys about the
social circumstance of its use
4. Affective meaning is largely a parasitic category in the sense that to
express our emotions we rely upon the mediation of categories of
meaning – conceptual, connotative, or stylistic.
5. Reflected meaning is the meanings which arise in cases of multiple
conceptual meaning, when one of a word forms part of our response to
another sense.
6. Collocative meaning consist of the associations a word acquires on
account of the meaning of words which tend to occur in its environment.
7. Thematic meaning is a matter of choice between alternative grammatical
constructions.
19
4. Song
In Wikipedia, it is explained that a song is a single (and often
standalone) work of music intended to be sung by the human voice with
distinct and fixed pitches and patterns using sound and silence and a
variety of forms that often include the repitition of sections. A song may
be for a solo singer, a lead singer supported by background singers, a
duet, trio, or langer ensemble involving more voices singing in harmony,
althought the term is generally not used for large classical music vocal
forms including opera and oratorio, which use terms such as aria and
recitative instead.A song can be a message, hope, critism or private life
of the writer or related of the readers and listeners life. Written words
created specifically for music or for which music is specifically created,
are called lyrics. Lyrics are words that make up a song usually consisting
of verses and choruses and the writer of lyrics is a lyricist.
There are three types of songs, namely folk song, popular song
and art song. Folk songs are sung with simple accompaniment (guitar) or
a cappella and usually are learned by ear. Folk songs written down only
infrequenly, so through generations of oral transmission they are
susceptible to changes in words and melodies. Composers of most folk
songs are unknown. Folk songs include ballads, lullabyes, plaints, love
songs, mourning songs, dance songs, work songs, ritual songs and many
more. While, art songs are intended for performance by prefossional or at
least carefully taught singers, generally accompanied by piano or
20
instrumental ensemble. The words and notes are written down and
therefore resist incidental or casual changes. Popular songs stand midway
between folk and art sons with regard to technical difficulty,
sophistication and resistance to change. There are many genres of
popular songs, including torch songs, ballads, novelty songs, anthems,
rock, blues and soul songs, and other commercial genres, such as
rapping.
21
CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter is devided into the methods used in this research. It explains
how the writer collects and analyzes the data.
A. RESEARCH PARADIGM
The writer used descriptive qualitative method in analyzing data in
this study. Descriptive method is the method of explaining, analyzing, and
classifying something through various technique, survey, interview,
questionnaire, and test. According to Freankell and Wallen, (2012) qualitative
research is defined as a research study that investigates the quality of
relationships, activities, situations or materials. Futhermore, Freankell and
Wallen (2012) explained that there are five characters of qualitative method.
First, the natural setting is the direct source of data and the researcher is the
key instrument in qualitative research. Second, qualitative data are collected
in the form of words or pictures rather than numbers. Third, qualitative
researchers are concerned with process as well as product. Fourth, qualitative
researchers tend to analyze their data inductively. The last, how people make
sense out their lives in a major concern to qualitative researchers.
Based on the definition above, the writer used descriptive qualitative
method because this study aimed to describe the meaning of a sentence in a
song. The writer used descriptive method to describe and explain a matter
which is then clarified so that it can be concluded. Futhermore, the writer
22
used qualitative research because in this study the writer is the instrument an
the data collector simultaneously. As it is known that one of the
characteristics of qualitative research is collecting data done by the writer.
B. THE DATA OF RESEARCH
The data in this study can be divided into two types, namely primary
data and secondary data:
1. The primary data is the original data obtained through first-hand research
and specifically collected by the researcher to find answers to the research
questions. So in this study the writer chooses a several songs from Brian
McKnight as a primary data.
2. The secondary data is information that is already avaliable somewhere,
whether it is in journals, books, articles or on the internet. So, secondary
data in this study are data taken from books, journals, articles related to
figurative language.
C. THE METHOD OF COLLECTING DATA
The method of collecting data is one aspect that plays an important
role in determine the success or failure of a study. The writer used library
research to collect data, and information. The writer tried to find the data
from other sources such as; book, journals, thesis and other writings related to
the topic of this study. The writer also used internet to support this study.
23
In this research, the writer used three methods to collect the data, as
follows:
1. Observation
Observation was an important part of this study as it was
used to collect a significant number of the data for this
research. In this method, the writer observed the song by using
music player and listened to the song entirely to know the
lyrics.
2. Note-taking
Note-taking was also an important part of this study. Note-
taking was used in this study for two main reasons, as follows:
a. Note-taking helped the writer to concentrate. When the
writer listened to the song, note-taking was done in order
to understand the lyrics.
b. Note-taking helped the writer to maintain a permanent
record of what the writer read or listened. This was useful
in the step of analyzing the data.
3. Transcribing
The writer observed the song and did transcribing to get the
song lyric. In this step, the writer made trascription of the
lyrics.
24
D. THE METHOD OF ANALYZING DATA
In this section, the writer analyzed the data by using the descriptive
qualitative method. The writer used some steps to analyze the data as follows:
1. The writer classified the collected data into several categories of
figurative language based on Perrine’s theory.
2. The writer tabulated the sentences containing figurative language. The
table divided was into five colums, i.e., number, figurative language, title
of the song, stanza and the lyric.
3. The writer explained the meaning of the lyrics that contained figurative
language by using semantic approach.
4. The writer determained the dominant types of figurative language in the
songs selected.
5. The writer drew conclusion based on data analysis.
25
CHAPTER IV
PRESENTATION, FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
In this chapter, the writer presents the analysis of figurative language in
selected Brian McKnight’s songs which have been mentioned in scope of problem
in chapter one. The writer classify the figurative language which found in songs
and then explain the meaning. Moreover, the writer also mentions the dominant
figurative language in Brian McKnight songs.
A. PRESENTATION
Description of Songs
a. One Last Cry
One Last Cry is one of the popular songs of American singer and
songwriter Brian McKnight. The song is a hits on his first album called
"Brian McKnight" which was released in 1992. This song comes with the
RnB music genre, the typical music in the 90s era. One Last Cry's song is
about farewell. The lyrics of the song tells about someone who loves his
partner so much and he is willing to give all the best for his partner.
However, he must bear the heartache of seeing his mate hand in hand
with someone else. After that incident, he felt it was enough to cry over
his relationship. It was over and it was the last cry before he leaves it all.
He thought that life must go on, he should not stop at one place only. In
essence, this song explains that someone can feel sad and hurt for some
reasons. Nevertheless, after all of that we must rise up and forget the
sadness as life goes on.
26
b. Crazy Love
Crazy Love is a single song of Brian McKnight's album entitled
"I Remember You". "I Remember You" is his second album which
released in 1995. This song is shown in Jason’s Lyric movie. Crazy love
song narrates about a man who admires his spouse so much. In this song,
there are some lyrics that explains how precious the woman is in his life.
He always needs her because with her, he is able to forget all bad things,
either his problems or his sadness.
c. I Remember You
I Remember You is a single song of Brian McKnight's album
entitled "I Remember You". This song depicts someone who misses his
childhood playmate. The early part of the lyrics tells how they are always
together, until it's time for them to split up. Several years have passed but
the memory is still awake. He can’t forget it and till this day he still
keeps it in his heart.
d. Back at One
Back at One is a single song from Brian McKnight's fourth album
entitled "Back at One". It was released on December 22, 1999 by
Motown. The album "Back at One" has managed to be nominated in the
Billboard Hot 100 hit and has earned triple platinum from the RIAA. It
puts Brian McKnight at the peak of his career. This song narrates about
someone who has said that he would never feel in love but suddenly he
met someone who could actually make him betray his words, he fells in
27
love with the girl. Furthermore, this song describes how the happiness
felt by the man for having managed to find someone who can fill his
emptiness and change his life. He felt that their meeting is a dream comes
true.
e. My Kind of Girl
My Kind of Girl is a single song of Brian McKnight's album
entitled "Superhero". It is Brian McKnight's fifth album which was
released on August 28, 2001. "Superhero" mixes Rock n Roll, rap and
RnB style that is commonly used by Brian McKnight in his song. This
song tells about the happiness of someone because finally he can find a
woman who meets all the criteria he wants. Furthermore, the lyrics of the
song depicts everything about the woman, as the way she talks, moves
and smiles.
f. Everything
Everything is a single song of Brian McKnight's album entitled
"Superhero". It narrates about someone who fells in love at first sight.
When he saw her eyes, it seems that he could see a future. Moreover, he
considers their meeting is a dream comes true. He thinks that the girl is
everything for him. He desperately needs her presence and hopes that she
will accompany him throughout his life.
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g. Still
Just like My Kind of Girl and Everything, the song Still is also
one of the singles in the "Superhero"album. This song describes about a
man who still loves his ex-girlfriend. Eventhough it's hard to believe, but
the man still considers that the woman has become the biggest part of his
life. Till this day, he always thinks about her, dreams about her and finds
that it's very hard for him to breathe when they are far apart. Further, the
song explains how the man wants to tell the woman that he loves her
very much and hopes that she also has the same feelings because he has
spent the rest of his life to find someone like her.
h. 4th of July
4th of July is a single song from Brian McKnight's eleventh album
entitled "More Than Words". The album is fully produced by Brian
McKnight himself, he collaborates with Colbie Caillat and his two sons,
Niko and Brian McKnight Jr. The album was released by E1 Music on
March 19, 2013 in the United States. It has sold 26,000 copies in the US
in August 2016. The 4th of July narrates a relationship that has been lived
for years but the love between them never goes away. This song depicts
how the man feels very lucky to have a mate like her. The man feels that
nothing has changed in him, his feelings are still the same as they first
met.
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i. Key 2 My Heart
Key 2 My Heart is one of the single songs on the album "Better".
"Better" is Brian McKnight's 12th album which was released on February
26, 2016. This song tells about a man who is falling in love. This song
tells about a man who is falling in love. In the beginnning of the lyrics,
the writer shows how the woman slowly enters his mind and makes him
willingly give his heart. Further, in the next lyrics the writer tells about
how the man convinced the woman so she wants to be his spouse.
j. Just Enough
Just like Key 2 My Heart, the song Just Enough is also one of the
singles in the "Better" album. This song narrates a man who meets a girl
somewhere. He wants to express how much he admires this woman. He
was so amazed at her beauty. Then, he said that the woman was an angel
whose face was glowing as if all the lights were just made to shine her.
He always wants to make her smile in order to make him realize how
beautiful she is.
k. Love is
Love is a song which recites about the meaning of true love. The
lyrics talk about what love is, and how it is. According to him, love is a
blessing and bounty. Love makes the dark becomes light and also makes
sadness becomes happiness.
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B. FINDINGS
Figurative language in selected Brian McKnight’s songs
No Figurative
Language
Title Stanza Lyric
1 Simile I Remember
You
7th line
4th
“We soard like eagles
‘cross the sky”
Back at One 2nd line
1st
“One, you’re like a dream
come true”
My Kind of
Girl
2nd line
2nd
“When you move just like
a breeze on a summer day”
Still 3rd line
2nd
“You’re like sunshine in
my heart”
4th of July 3rd line
1st
“When we kiss, it’s like
Christmas”
3rd line
3rd
“Every time we’re together
like the 4th of July”
Key 2 My
Heart
1st line
1st
“Since you come into my
life like the sun in the
middle of the night”
2 Metaphor One Last
Cry
1st line
1st
“My shattered dream and
broken heart are mending
on the shelf”
Crazy Love 2nd line
1st
“She gives me love love
love love crazy love”
Still 3rd line
5th
“You’ve been and always
will be the apple of my
eyes”
Everything 3rd line
2nd
“You are a light in the
darkness”
31
4th of July 2nd line
2nd
“Girl you’re still the flame
that’s burning deep in my
soul”
Key 2 My
Heart
4th line
2nd
“You’re my world, the
biggest part of me”
3 Personification One Last
Cry
1st line
4th
“Now I sit all alone
wishing all my feeling was
gone”
I Remember
You
4th line
2nd
“My heart says you’re not
far from me”
7th line
5th
“Heaven knows, how I
miss those little toes”
Back at One 1st line
5th
“If all things in time, time
will reveal”
5th line
1st
“Say farewell to the dark
of night”
5th line
2nd
“I see the coming of the
sun”
Just Enough 1st line
1st
“A tall long island’s
calling out my name”
Love is 3rd line
1st
“Love breaks your heart,
love takes no less than
everything, love makes it
hard”
5th line
3rd
“In the blink of and eye
babe, the darkness slips
in”
6th line
1st
“Love breaks the chains,
love aches for every one of
us, love takes the tears and
32
the pain and then turns
into the beauty that
remains”
4 Hyperbole Crazy Love 1st line
1st
“I can hear her heart beat
for a thousand miles”
3rd line
3rd
“She takes away my
troubles, takes away my
grief, takes away my
heartache in the night like
a thief”
Still 3rd line
1st
“ It’s hard to breath when
were apart”
My Kind of
Girl
2nd line
3rd
“When you smile the sky
turns from grey to blue,
thats what you do”
5th line
1st
“Baby girl I need you here
by my side and if you’re
there everything will be
alright”
Everything 1st line
1st
“Yesterday, came in your
eyes, I caught a glimpse of
tomorrow”
2nd line
1st
“I’d sail across the ocean
bring you the sun”
2nd line
3rd
“Girl, you’re everything I
need and more, you are my
everything, my everything,
for sure”
3rd line
1st
“ My heart beats for you”
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4th of July 9th line
4th
“Baby, you’re all I’ll ever
need”
Just Enough 5th line
1st
“ And you’re looking so
good like you always do
like they made the lights
just for you”
5 Metonymy I Remember
You
3rd line
2nd
“Oh how Snoopy he never
left the ground”
I Remember
You
1st line
6th
“We’re not four anymore
but can you come out and
play”
Key 2 My
Heart
7th line
1th
“Tonight, can you hula for
me tonight”
Just Enough 1st line
3rd
“Macallan 12 on ice
always gets me feeling
nice”
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C. DISCUSSION
1. Figurative language in selected Brian McKnight’s songs
a. Simile
Simile is figurative language that compares two different
things in an interesting way to make the sentence more vivid. It uses
a conjunctive or comparative. The conjunction words that commonly
used are “like”, “as”, “then”, “similar to” and etc. Here are some
lyrics from Brian McKnight that uses figurative language of simile:
1) We soared like eagles ‘cross the sky
The sentence above is an example of simile because the
author makes a comparison between humans with eagles.
According to Perrine (1969), simile is a figurative language
involving the comparison of one thing with another thing of a
different kind, used to make a description more emphatic or vivid.
In addition, it also uses a word "like" to connect between human
and eagles. It depicts human as if an eagle that can fly. The word
"eagles" is used to describe freedom. So far, we know that the
eagle is a symbol of freedom. Hence, the author depicts a man
who lives in freedom indirectly through this sentence. Living in
freedom means living by following the desire of the heart without
bounds by the applicable rules.
35
2) One, you’re like a dream come true
This sentence is an example of simile because the
author uses "like" to compare two different things. The author
makes a comparison between humans and dreams. Dreams are
somethings that is experienced while a person sleeps and
impossible it becomes a reality. Further, the word "dream" is
used to compare with "you". In this case, the author assumes
that it is impossible to find a perfect person. In fact, he
managed to find a perfect woman based on him. That's why the
author says that it's his dream that comes true.
3) When you talk, I cling on every word you say
When you move just like a breeze on a summer day
The sentence above is one of type of simile, since it
uses "like". It connects between the phrase "when you move"
and "a breeze on a summer day". This sentence compares two
different things. They are humans and breeze in the summer.
When the summer, humans tend to feel hot even to sweat
because the weather is too hot. However, different things will
happen if the hot air is followed by a breeze, it will feel
soothing. The use of phrase "a breeze on a summer day" in the
sentence aims to illustrate the beauty of the woman. It seems
that everything that exists in her is so beautiful. Moreover,
when the woman moves, it really soothes the man.
36
4) It’s hard to breath when were apart
You’re like sunshine in my heart
“You’re like sunshine in my heart” is an example of
simile because it compares two different things. In this
sentence, the author compares between “you” and “sunshine in
my heart”. In this sentence, the use of the phrase "sunshine in
my heart" is not to explain the denotation meaning. However, it
aims to show the happiness in his life. To sum up briefly, "you"
in this sentence is someone who has brought happiness and joy
in his life.
5) When we kiss, it’s like Chrismas
The sentence above is a simile example because it uses
a word “like” to compare between “kiss” and “Chrismas”. The
use of “chrismas” in this sentence functions to clarify the
feelings which experiences when kissing. In addition, the word
"Chrismas" in this sentence emphasizes the atmosphere that
occurs when Christmas. It is full of warmth, joy and happiness.
As the result, the sentence explains a person feels warm, joyful,
and happy when kissing.
6) Every time we’re together like the 4th of July
The sentence is an example of simile because it
compares two different things which is followed by a
conjunction “like”. The pronoun “we” compares with “the 4th
37
of July”. “The 4th of July” is the independence day of United
Stated of America. In the same case, it’s also a national holiday
for the Americans. The Americans are really happy to welcome
that day. Usually, they celeberate it with a fireworks party
accompanied by patriotic songs of the United States. 4th of July
in this sentence aims to describe the feelings which is
experienced by someone. Therefore, the point of this sentence
is to emphasize that when we are together, it’s really joyful dan
full of happiness as the Americans who celeberate their
independence day.
7) Since you come into my life
Like the sun in the middle of the night
“Since you come into my life like the sun in the middle
of the night” is a simile which uses a conjunction “like” to
compare between “you” and “the sun”. Generally, the night is
identical with the darkness. However, in this sentence the night
does not darken as usual because there is a shine of the sun. In
other words, in this sentence, the author tries to depicts the
change of someone's life because of the presence of a new
figure in his life.
b. Metaphor
Metaphor is a figurative language that compares two unlike
things implisitly but in a short form. Metaphor doesn't use a
38
conjunction such as "like", "as" and etc. However, it directly
connects the first and second part.
1) My shattered dream and broken heart
Are mending on the shelf
The metaphor in this sentence is a phrase “broken
heart”. Broken heart is a metaphor that commonly uses to
describe the emotional pain or agony of someone. It is usually
associated with loss of someone. In this case, a person's heart
does not really break into pieces but only feels pain and
sadness. Thus, the sentence describes someone who suffers
from the tremendous sadness and it will be difficult to cure.
2) She gives me love love love love crazy love
In this sentence, the phrase “crazy love” is an example
of metaphor. It needs to know that the metaphor does not
always function as a predicate, but sometimes, it can function
as subject, object, and etc. as well. Thus, the metaphor can
stand alone as a word. In this sentence, “crazy love” is a phrase
that is often used to describe feelings of enormous love which
can make someone does anything for the sake of love. People
call someone suffers from crazy love if she/he does unusual or
taboo things just because of loving someone.
39
3) You’ve been everything to me
You’ve been and always will be the apple of my eyes
The sentence above is an example of metaphor because
it compares two unlike things directly without using a
conjunction as “like”. In this sentence, “The apple of my eyes”
is a phrase which is used to express our admiration for seeing
something beautiful and sweet. In ancient English, an eyeball is
called the apple because it has round shape which resembles an
apple. Thus, the sentence above describes someone who will
always be beautiful to look at.
4) You are a light in the darkness
You make me feel brand new
Since the sentence above compares two different things
directly without using conjunction, thus this sentence is an
example of metaphor. In this sentence, the word “light” does
not describe the denotation meaning of the word. Hence, the
sentence “you are a light in the darkness” here means someone
who brings happiness or joy in someone’s life.
5) Never lost it
Girl, you’re still the flame
That’s burning deep in my soul
“Girl, you’re still the flame that’s burning in my soul” is
a metaphor since in this sentence the author compares between
40
someone and ember directly. It aims to describe the “girl” as a
person who has not been forgotten and still in his memory.
6) Girl, so sweet, so kind, so free
You’re my world, the biggest part of me
“You’re my world” is a metaphor since it compares two
thing concisely. In the sentence, the comparison is between
“you” and “world”. The world is a common word that refers to
the whole of human civilization, human experience, history, or
general human condition throughout the earth, or about
everything that is on it. However, different from the actual
meaning of “the world”, in this sentence the author uses “the
world” to replace a word “everything”. In other words, the
sentence aims to explain that “you” is everything.
c. Personification
Personification is a figurative language which compares
inanimate objects or something that can not move in order to looks
like animate. Further, it can behave like a human. Moreover,
Personification aims to represent the quality of experiencing
situation and to provide a concrete image.
1) Now I sit all alone
Wishing all my feeling was gone
“My feeling was gone” is an example of personification
since it depicts an inanimate object which has a quality like
41
human beings. The word “feeling” in this sentence is described
as thing that can move and leave someone. In fact, the word
“feeling” is an inanimate object which can not do anything,
either move or walk because it has no legs like humans. The
word “feeling” is a condition of humans as a result of what they
are experienced or perceived. It does not depend on the
human’s senses. Thus, this sentence depicts “my feeling was
gone” as feelings that fade or diminish instead go away.
2) Oh I wonder where you are
My heart says you’re not far from me
Since the phrase “my heart says” illustrates a heart
which can speak, thus the phrase above is an example of
personification. In fact, the heart is one of the organs in the
human body that does not have a mouth. So, the heart can not
speak like a human.
3) Heaven knows
How I miss those little toes
The sentence above is an example of personification
since there is a phrase “heaven knows”. “Know” is a human
characteristic while “heaven” is an inanimate object. Humans
can know something through communication. They
communicate using the language, either spoken or written. In
addition, they can get another information through body
42
language. They can know their interlocutor's feeling by looking
at his face. Thus, how could the sky knows that the man misses
her while he never sees or talks to the sky. In other words,
through this sentence, the author tries to describe the sky as a
human who has eyes to see and mouth to speak.
4) If all things in time, time will reveal
“Time will reveal” is an example of personification
since this sentence states that time will reveal everything. In
fact, time is a whole series of moments when the process,
deeds, or circumstances are located or in progress. Thus, time
can not express something because it is an action performed by
humans. Therefore, the point of the sentence is someone will
reveal everything as time passes.
5) Say farewell to the dark of night
I see the coming of the sun
This sentence is an example of personification because
the author describes "the dark of the night" and "the sun" can
do an act that usually done by human. "Say farewell to the dark
of the night" describes someone who is say farewell. Say
farewell usually only done by someone to friends or family
who will leave. In the sentence describes about someone who
can see the coming of the sun. In fact, the correct use is “see the
sunrise” not “see the coming of the sun”. The meaning of the
43
sentence is describes a person who thinks that after sorrow,
there will be happiness. So, he should not be continuously
dissolved in grief.
6) A tall long island’s calling out my name
“A tall long island’s calling out my name” is a
personification. Island is a piece of land that smaller than
continent and it is bigger than coral which surrounded by water.
However, in this sentence the author depicts the island as
someone who can speak and call someone’s name. Therefore, it
is a personification since the author narrates an inanimate
object as animate which has a quality like human beings.
7) Love breaks your heart
Love takes no less than everything
Love makes it hard
This sentence is a personification because the author
makes an inanimate object as human that has characteristic’s
resamble of human being. The characteristic’s resamble can be
seen by noticing the word “breaks”, “takes”, and “makes” in the
sentence. They are characteristics of human being which express
about love. Thus, how can “love” can “breaks”, “takes”, and
“makes” something whereas it is a non-human. In other words,
this sentence refers to someone who is falling in love.
44
8) In the blink of an eye babe, the darkness slips in
In the sentence above there is a phrase “the darkness slips
in” which is an example of personification. The word “slips in” is
used to describe an action that can only be done by living object
or animate. However, the author uses the word "slips in" to
describe an action performed by darkness which is inanimate
objects.
9) Love breaks the chains
Love aches for everyone of us
Love takes the tears and the pain
And then turns into the beauty that remains
The sentence above is an example of personification
because it uses some action verbs such as “breaks”, “aches”, and
“takes”. Those words “breaks” dan “takes” are an action performed
by human being, either intentional or unintentional. In addition,
the word “aches” is a feeling experienced only by animate beings
as well. In spite of that, in this sentence the authors uses those
words to explain an action and a feeling that performed by “love”.
In fact, “love” is inanimate object which refers to an intense feeling
of deep affection.
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d. Hyperbole
Hyperbole is one of the figurative language which includes
in the category of contention. It is a figurative language which
states something exaggerately.
1) I can hear her heart beat for a thousand miles
The sentence is an example of hyperbole since the author
describes something exaggerately. Tarigan (2005: 55) states that
hyperbole is figurative language that used for exaggeration
purposes. It is forms from the basic several of jokes is used as
way for insult, or simply is used to dramatize a situation. In the
sentence, the author states that the man can hear a heartbeat at a
distance of a thousand miles. In fact, it’s impossible for a human
to hear the heartbeat with that distance. Normally, humans can
hear heartbeats as long as they put their ears to someone’s chest
or by using a tool like stethoscope.
2) She takes away my troubles, takes away my grief
Takes away my heartache in the night like a thief
This sentence is an example of hyperbole because
describes something exaggerately. The sentence describes how
someone so adored woman because it considered that such
woman can remove his problem, his sadness, and his heartache.
In fact, it really did not happen. A person can not easily to
46
remove the problem, sadness, and heartache just because the
presence of a woman. In fact, the presence of a woman is only
able to help alleviate or reduce the burden and not remove it.
3) It’s hard to breath when were apart
Since the sentence above describes something
exaggerately, thus it is an example of hyperbole. The sentence
depicts someone who is difficult to breathe when he is apart
from the person he loves. In fact, breathing difficulties are only
experienced by people who have certain diseases. Therefore, we
can conclude that the purpose of the sentence "it's hard to breath
when were apart" is to illustrate that someone will has
difficulties when he is apart with whom who has become a part
in his life.
4) When you smile the sky turns from grey to blue, thats what you
do
“When you smile the sky turns from grey to blue” is an
example of hyperbole since it depicts something exaggerately.
The sentence tells that with smile, the gray sky can turn into
blue. In fact, it is impossible to be true. Basically, the sky can
change its color if there is a reflection from the sun. Moreover,
it can turn into blue if it will rain because at that time, the cloud
is covered by the condensation of water vapor and dust particles.
47
Thus, we can conclude that this sentence aims to show that
someone’s smile can reduce the sadness of others.
5) Baby girl I need you here by my side
And if you’re there everything will be alright
"If you're there everything will be alright" is hyperbole.
The sentence describes that the woman is everything and the
source of happiness. However, the fact is the presence of women
is only able to reduce his burden and only able to make him
forget the problems for a while.
6) Yesterday, came in your eyes, I caught a glimpse of tomorrow
The sentence above is an example of hyperbole because
it describes how someone can see his future through seeing
other’s eyes. In short, the sentence shows something
exaggerately. Furthermore, the true meaning of this sentence is
someone who feels have found a suitable woman to accompany
him in the future. A woman who will accompany him for
tomorrow and so on.
7) I’d sail across the ocean bring you the sun
“I’d sail across the ocean bring you the sun” is a
sentence which uses hyperbole as its figurative language. Since
it depicts about someone who can bring the sun, the central star
of the solar system consists of hot plasma. In fact, none in this
world can bring the sun. In short, “the sun” in the sentence
48
above is a symbol of happiness and cheerfulness. It’s based on
fact that the sun can be a light in the darkness and warmer for a
lonely soul. To sum up, this sentence aims to depicts someone
who comes with happiness, warmth and joy.
8) Girl, you’re everything I need and more
You are my everything, my everything, for sure
“You’re everything I need and more, you’re my
everything” is an example of hyperbole since the author depicts
someone as everything that he needs. Whereas, someone can not
depend on one person, because humans are social beings who
can not live alone and need others.
9) My heart beats for you
The sentence above states something exaggerately and it
does not fit the facts, that is why the sentence above is an
example of hyperbole. Generally, heart beats to pump blood
throughout the body and it never stops working. However, the
sentence explains as if the heart beated for someone. In other
words, we can say that the phrase "My heart” in the sentence
above is used to represent love. In short, the sentence actually
means that one's love is only for one person.
10) Baby, you’re all I’ll ever need
The statement above is an example of hyperbole since it
states something exaggerately and it does not based on the
49
reality. It explains as someone does not need others since he
finds a girl who can meet everything he needs, whereas, it’s
impossible for someone to do anything by himself. In addition,
it is a fact that although someone assumes that he can live
without dependence on someone else, there will be time for him
when he needs other’s help. Based on this, we can conclude that
his sentence refers to someone who has met a girl who fulfills
his criterias.
11) And you’re looking so good like you always do
Like they made the lights
Just for you
Based on the sentence above, the author depicts a girl
exaggerately. He thinks that “you” is the most beautiful girl
among others. It proves by seeing the author’s point of view
about the girl based on sentence. Thus, it is an example of
hyperbole.
e. Metonymy
Metonymy is a type of figurative language which includes in
the category of contention. Metonymy is used to mention a word
with other words that have a close relationship. In short, it is a
figurative language in which a thing or concept is referred to by the
name of something closely associated with that thing or concept.
50
1) Lucy and Linus and Charlie Brown
Oh how Snoopy he never left the ground
Oh that is true
You remember me like I remember you
The sentence above is an example of metonymy because
it uses a word to state something different but still has close
relationship. According to Keraf (2009) metonymy is a
figurative language that used a word to represent another thing
closely related to the word itself. Further, in this sentence, the
word “Snoopy” represents the word “dog”. Snoopy is a fictional
character. He is Charlie Brown's pet beagle in the comic strip
Peanuts by Charles M. Schulz. All this time, a dog is a pet that is
famous for its loyalty. Thus, the sentence “how Snoopy he never
left the ground” refers about loyalty, how someone keeps
waiting and never forgets a person who was present in his life
like Snoopy who never left the ground.
2) We’re not four anymore
but can you come out and play
This sentence is an example of metonymy since it uses
the word “four” to represents “children”. In fact, someone using
the "years old" to emphasize the age. However, in the sentence
51
the author only used "four". "Four" also can be replaced with the
"kids" that serves to clarify sentences and did not make the
reader or listener become confused.
3) Tonight, can you hula for me tonight
Under these stars so bright
Since this sentence uses the word “hula” to represent
another thing that has close relationship with it, thus it is an
example of metonymy. Basically, Hula is a kind of Hawaiin
dance that accompanied by chant or song. To sum up, this
sentence means “can you dance the Hawaiian dance for me
tonight?”
4) Macallan 12 on ice always gets me feeling nice
Macallan 12 is an example of metonymy because it is
used to state about another thing. Generally, Macallan 12 is an
alcoholic beverage enriched with dried fruits and sherry
balanced with woodsmoke and spices. It is one of the best and
famous 12-year-old whiskey singles in the world. Therefore, we
can conclude that this sentence aims to show that if someone
drinks Macallan 12, he will feel better, since the alcoholics find
it easier to forget the problem while drunk.
52
2. The dominant types of figurative language in selected Brian
McKnight’s songs
Based on the graphic above, the writer finds out that the types of
figurative language in selected Brian McKnight’s songs are simile,
metaphor, personification, hyperbole and metonymy. There are 37 data in
this thesis. There are 11 or 30% data of hyperbole, 9 or 24% data of
personification, 7 or 19% of simile, 6 or 16% data of metaphor and 4 or
11% data of metonymy. It can be said that the dominant types of figurative
language in those songs is hyperbole. In some studies that use song as a
object of research found that the most commonly used figurative language
by songwriters is hyperbole. For example, Qurrotul ‘Ain on her thesis “
An Analysis of Figurative Language in The Songs Lyrics by Maher Zain”
30%
24%
19%
16%
11%
Hyperbole Personification Simile Metaphor Metonymy
53
and Albert Hoke on his thesis “ Figurative Language in Weslife’s Songs”
found that the dominant types of figurative language in those songs are
hyperbole. The author used hyperbole to produce images in reader or
listener mind and to explain ideas, emotions, and images in a more
efficient way than through plain language. In addition, the author also used
hyperbole to frame the idea and give context in order to allow the reader or
listener to better understand what the author intends.
54
CHAPTER V
CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
This chapter presents the conclusions and suggestions based on the data
analysis in the previous chapter.
A. Conclusions
Based on the analysis of figurative language in selected Brian
McKnight’s songs, it can be concluded that:
1. Figurative language is the one aspect which is used in Brian McKnight
songs to give the powerful effect to the songs. After analyzing the data,
the writer found five types of figurative language being used in Brian
McKnight’s songs such as simile, metaphor, personification, hyperbole
and metonymy.
2. Figurative language is a language that uses words or expressions with a
meaning that is different from literal meaning. One of the lyric that
contained figurative language is “We soard like eagles ‘cross the sky”.
The sentence is an example of simile because the author make
comparison between human with eagles. The word “eagles” is used to
describe freedom.
3. In this study, the writer has 37 data. There are 11 data of hyperbole, 9
data of personification, 7 of simile, 6 data of metaphor and 4 data of
metonymy. It can be said that the dominant types of figurative language
in those songs is hyperbole. Hyperbole is the use of exaggeration for
extra effect. The author used hyperbole to produce images in listener
55
mind and to explain ideas, emotions, and images in a more efficient way
than through plain language.
B. Suggestions
Based on the conclusions above, the writer would like to present the
some suggestions as follows:
1. This study is about the types of figurative language in songs. The writer
hopes that students will keep analyzing the figurative language because it
can help people to understand the meaning that contained in song lyrics.
In addition, there is great knowledge that can be found in analyzing the
songs. It will help the student to enrich their insight.
2. The writer suggests that the next researcher can find other types of
figurative language which are not found in this study. Beside that, the next
researchers can use other theories in conducting their study.
56
REFERENCES
Fraenkel, Wallen And Hyun, Helen. 2012. How to Design and Evaluate Researchin Education Eight Edition. Newyork: McGraw-Hill. Online. Accessedfrom http://rezkyagungherutomo.files.wordpress.com on 1st December2017 10.15 am
Griffiths, Patrick. 2006. An Introduction to English Semantics and Pragmatics.Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press Ltd. Online. Accessed fromhttps://nikomangariani.files.wordpress.com/2016/04/patrick-griffiths-an-introduction-to-english-semantics-and-pragmatics.pdf on 29th December2015 at 11. 30 am
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Song . Song. Retrivied on 5th January 2016 at 7.20 am
http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/synechdoche .Synechdoche. Retrivied on 3th January 2016 at 5. 30 am
Hurford, James R. And Heasley, Brendan. 1983. Semantics: A Coursebook. GreatBritain: Cambridge University Press
Ilyas, Ibnu Ikhwan. 2013. Figurative Language in Pappasenna Torioloe. Thesis.Makassar: Hasanuddin University
Karim, Andi Nurtika. 2010. Figurative Language in English Translation of SomeSurahs of Al Quran Dealings Judgment Day. Thesis. Makassar:Hasanuddin University
Keraf, Gorys. 2009. Diksi dan Gaya Bahasa. Jakarta: PT Gramedia PustakaUtama
Leech, Geoffrey. 1981. Semantics : The Study of Meaning Second Edition.England: Penguin Books Ltd. Online. Accessed fromhttps://yanjianghk.files.wordpress.com/2014/09/geoffrey_leech_semantics_the_study_of_meaning.pdf on 29th December 2015 at 11. 12 am
Perrine, Laurence. 1969. Sound and Sense : An Introduction to Poetry ThirdEdition. New York: Southern Methodist University
Reaske, Christopher Russell. 1966. How to Analyze Poetry. New York: MonarchPress
57
Shandarma, Emmanuel C. and Suleiman, Jamila B.A. 2013. An Analysis ofFigurative Language in Two Selected Traditional Funeral Songs of TheKilba People of Adamawa State. International Journal of English andLiterature. Adawama State. Online. Accessed fromhttps://www.academicjournals.org/article/article1379606512_Sharndama%20and%20Suleiman.pdf on 29th Maret 2017 at 10. 30 am
Solo, Reskiana. 2010. Figurative Language of Marriage Proposal in Buginese.Thesis. Makassar: Hasanuddin University
Tarigan, Henry Guntur. 2009. Pengajaran Gaya Bahasa. Bandung: PercetakanAngkasa
58
APPENDIX
Brian McKnight (born June 5,
1969) is an American R&B singer-
songwriter, arranger, producer, and
musician. He is a multi-instrumentalist who
plays eight instruments including piano,
guitar, bass guitar, percussion, trombone,
tuba, flugelhorn and trumpet. McKnight
was born in Buffalo, New York. His
musical career began in childhood when he
became a member of his church choir.
In 1990, McKnight's older brother,
Claude McKnight III, and his band, Take 6,
signed a record deal with Warner Brothers. This encouraged McKnight to shop
his own demo tapes and by the age of 19, he signed his first recording deal with
Mercury Records subsidiary, Wing Records. In 1992, Brian McKnight was
released, and his self-titled debut album peaked at fifty-eight in the Billboard 200
chart, which primarily featured the ballad (and top twenty single) "One Last Cry".
It was followed by two more albums for Mercury, 1995's I Remember You and
1997's Anytime. Anytime, McKnight's final album with Mercury, sold over two
million copies and was nominated for a Grammy. The video for "Anytime",
directed by Darren Grant, was nominated for Best Male Video at the 1998 MTV
Video Music Awards. In 1997, McKnight recorded "Remember the Magic" for
Disney World's 25th anniversary.
McKnight signed with Motown in 1998 and released the Christmas album
Bethlehem, the first of five albums he released on Motown. In 1999, McKnight
released Back at One, his most successful album to date, which eventually went
on to sell over three million copies. Also "Back at One" is one of four of
59
McKnight's studio albums to reach the Top 10 on the Billboard 200 albums chart,
reaching number 7 on October 9, 1999.
In 2004, McKnight co-wrote with Australian Soul artist Guy Sebastian the
song "Wait", off Sebastian's Beautiful Life album. In late 2005, McKnight signed
with Warner Bros. Records, and released the album, Ten. released December 5,
2006, his only studio album with the label. Three singles released the from album:
"Find Myself in You" (which originally appeared on the soundtrack to the 2006
Tyler Perry movie Madea's Family Reunion,) "Used to Be My Girl", and "What's
My Name". In October 2007, McKnight made his Broadway debut in the show
Chicago.
From 2006 to 2010 he hosted a radio show, The Brian McKnight Morning
Show with Pat Prescott on KTWV The Wave in Los Angeles, CA. The show was
briefly simulcast on KHJZ-FM, Smooth Jazz 95.7 The Wave in Houston, TX
from 6AM-9AM CST.
On January 26, 2009, McKnight hosted "The Brian McKnight Show" from
7PM-Midnight on 98.7 KISS FM in New York City.
In 2009, he appeared in the second season of Celebrity Apprentice. Each
celebrity played to raise money for the charity of his or her choice; McKnight
elected to play for Youthville USA. From September 2009 to May 2010,
McKnight served as the media personality and hosted. The Brian McKnight
Show, a late night talk show billed as a combination of talk and variety, aired in
syndication.
On March 31, 2011, McKnight sang the National Anthem for MLB Opening Day
in Cincinnati, Ohio with his sons Brian, Jr. and Niko. He had previously sung the
National Anthem for the 1997 NBA All-Star Game in Cleveland, Ohio, Game 6
of the 2002 World Series in Anaheim, California, near his Los Angeles home, and
the 2005 Major League Baseball All-Star Game in Detroit. McKnight has also
made numerous other "National Anthem" appearances throughout his career. On
60
October 22, 2012, McKnight sang "God Bless America" in the 7th inning of
Game 7 of the National League Champion Series in San Francisco, California.
McKnight at the 2014 Pioneer of African American Achievement Awards Gala
On April 23, 2012 McKnight posted to YouTube "If You're Ready To Learn",
which has been characterized by Billboard as a "filthy jam." Billboard selected
this lyric from the work to quote: "Let me show you how your p—y works/Since
you didn't bring it to me first." Other media outlets such as MTV, the Toronto
Sun, and NewMediaRockstars have also written about McKnight's recent, more
adult-oriented efforts. Shortly after the single's release, McKnight and known
humor website "Funny or Die" revealed that the single was a collaboration
between the two parties. McKnight would later explain that he wrote the parody
as a commentary on the state of R&B, which he noted was in a period of
degradation overall with famous radio station 98.7 Kiss FM shuttering and hit
singles being inferior quality music, among other ailments.
2015: Brian McKnight Music and Kobalt[edit]
On August 14, 2015, McKnight released the single "Uh Oh Feeling", the first
track from his album Better, which was released on his own label Brian McKnight
Music LLC via Kobalt Label Services."Better was released on February 26, 2016,
followed by positive reviews.
2016–present: An Evening with Brian McKnight, SoNo Recording Group, and
Genesis.
On September 23, 2016, McKnight released his first live CD, DVD, and Blu-ray
collection entitled An Evening With in partnership with independent recording
label The SoNo Recording Group through the Universal Music Group. The
concert was recorded in Los Angeles at the historic Saban Theatre. The release
includes fourteen songs performed live with his full band plus three newly written
and recorded songs. The first single "Everything" reached the top twenty on the
national Adult Contemporary charts in September 2016. The CD version of the
61
concert debuted on the Billboard R&B chart at number thirteen as a Hot Shot
Debut. Also included is a duet with Gino Vannelli on the song "Brothers in the
End". The Blu-ray and DVD version of the release premiered on the Billboard
Music DVD chart at number nine.
On August 25, 2017, McKnight released the album Genesis. Featuring three top
30 Urban AC and AC hits, "Everything", "Forever", "I Want U", 'Genesis'
premiered in the Top 10 on the Nielsen SoundScan Top 10 Current R&B albums
and Top 20 Current Hip Hop/R&B albums. The album was produced by Tim
Kelley part of the legendary producing duo Tim & Bob.
In January 2018, Brian was nominated for two NAACP Image Awards. Brian
McKnight and Genesis were nominated for Outstanding Male Artist and
Outstanding Album alongside Bruno Mars, Charlie Wilson, Kendrick Lamar, Jay-
Z, and Mary J Blige.
62
"One Last Cry"
My shattered dreams and broken heartAre mending on the shelfI saw you holding hands
Standing close to someone elseNow I sit all alone
Wishing all my feeling was goneI gave my best to youNothing for me to doBut have one last cry
One last cryBefore I leave it all behind
I gotta put you out of my mind this timeStop living a lie
I guess I'm down to my last cry
Cry.
I was hereYou were there
Guess we never could agreeWhile the sun shines on you
I need some love to rain on meStill I sit all alone
Wishing all my feeling was goneGotta get over you
Nothing for me to doBut have one last cry
One last cryBefore I leave it all behind
I gotta put you out of my mindThis time
Stop living a lie
I know I gotta be strong'Cause round me life goes on and on
And on...
63
And on...
I'm gonna dry my eyeRight after I've had my one last cry
One last cryBefore I leave it all behind
I gotta put you out of my mindFor the very last time
Been living a lie
I guess I'm down,I guess I'm down,I guess I'm down...
To my last cry...
64
"Crazy Love"
I can hear her heart beat for a thousand milesAnd the heavens open up every time she smiles
And when I come home to her that's where I belongYet I'm running to her like a river's song
she gives me love love love love crazy loveshe gives me love love love love crazy love...
She's got a fine sense of humor when I'm feeling low downAnd when I come home to her when the sun goes down
She takes away my troubles, takes away my griefTakes away my heartache in the night like a thief.
She's got love love love love crazy loveYes I need her in the daytime
Yes I need her in the nightI want to throw my arms around her
To kiss her, hug her, kiss her, hug her tightAnd when I'm returning from so far away
She gives me such sweet lovin' brightens up my dayAnd makes me righteuos and makes me whole
And it makes me mellow down to my soul
65
"I Remember You"
How, how we carried on
How I used to walk with you
And talk with you
Until I moved away
Oh, although some things may change
Others stay the same
We're not four anymore
But can you come out and play
You wore pigtails and hand-me downs
I banged the piano
Played the clown
And though time slips away
It can never replace
How you'll always be here in this heart of me
Lucy and Linus and Charlie Brown
Oh how Snoopy he never left the ground
Oh that is true
You remember me like I remember you
Oh, I wonder where you are
My heart says you're not far from me
66
It's so hard for me
To leave those years behing
Ohhhhhh, cotton candy carousels
Gotta find that wishing well
To wish you back to me
That's the way I feel inside
You wore pigtails and hand-me-downs
I banged the piano
Played the clown
And though time slips away
It can never replace
How you'll always be her in this heart of me
Lucy and Linus and Charlie Brown
Oh how Snoopy he never made a sound
Oh that is true
You remember me like I
How we laughed in the face of danger
Tanto and the lone ranger
There was no mountain we could not climb
We soard like eagles 'cross the sky
Heaven knows
How I miss those little toes
67
You wore pigtails and hand-me-downs
I banged the piano
Played the clown
And though time slips away
It can never replace
How you'll always be here in this heart of me
Lucy and Linus and Charlie Brown
Oh how Snoopy he never left the ground
Oh, it is true
You remember me like I
You remember me like I
You remember me like I remember you
Like I remember you
68
"Back At One"
It's undeniable... that we should be together...It's unbelievable how I used to say that I'd fall never
The basis is need to know, if you don't know just how I feel,Then let me show you now that I'm for real...
If all things in time, time will reveal...Yeah...
One... you're like a dream come true...Two... just wanna be with you...
Three... girl, it's plain to see that you're the only one for me...And four... repeat steps one through three...
Five... make you fall in love with me...If ever I believe my work is done
Then I'll start back at one(yeah)
So incredible the way things work themselves out...And all emotional, once you know what it's all about, babe...
And undesirable for us to be apart...Never would've made it very far...
'Cause you know you've got the keys to my heart'Cause...
One... you're like a dream come trueTwo... just wanna be with you
Three... girl, it's plain to see that you're the only one for meAnd four... repeat steps one through three
Five... make you fall in love with meIf ever I believe my work is done
Then I'll start back at one.
Say farewell to the dark of nightI see the coming of the sun...
I feel like a little childWhose life has just begun.
You came and breathed new lifeInto this lonely heart of mine.
You threw out the life line
69
Just in the nick of time.
One... you're like a dream come trueTwo... just wanna be with you
Three... girl, it's plain to see that you're the only one for meAnd four... repeat steps one through three
Five... make you fall in love with meIf ever I believe my work is done
Then I'll start back at one.
70
"My Kind Of Girl"
When I was younger, I never went too farHeld my feelings and never even wanted to start
So when I met you, I didn't knowWhat you were gonna do with my heart
When you talk (I cling on every word you say)When you move (Just like a breeze on a summer day)
When you smile (the sky turns from grey to blue, that's what you do)And you're the kind of girl I think of
And you're the kind of girl I dream aboutMy heart is telling me that I need you in my world (in my world)
'Cause you my kind of lady (you're my kind of girl)
When I'm not with you, wherever you areBaby I'm counting the moments 'til I'm back in your arms
All I want is to have you here with meEvery night and every day
When you talk (I cling on every word you say)When you move (Just like a breeze on a summer day)
When you smile (The sky turns from grey to blue, that's what you do)And you're the kind of girl i think of
And you're the kind of girl i dream aboutMy heart is telling me that I need you in my world (in my world)
'Cause you my kind of lady (your my kind of girl)
Baby girl I need you here by my sideAnd if you're there everything will be alright'Cause this is the time for us, baby be mine
And you're the kind of girl I think ofAnd you're the kind of girl I dream about
My heart is telling me that I need you in my world (in my world)Cause you my kind of lady (you're my kind of girl)
71
"Everything"
Yesterday, came in your eyes, I caught a glimpse of tomorrow
And that's when I realized, that dreams come true.
For you love there's nothing I would not do.
Do I love you? Baby, I do.
That's why,
I'd sail across the ocean, bring you the sun.
With you I see forever, you are the one.
Girl, you're everything I need and more.
You are my everything, my everything.
For sure.
My heart, beats for you.
You are a light in the darkness.
You make me feel brand new,
And looking in your eyes,
I can tell you feel the same way too.
Do I love you? Baby, I do.
I'd sail across the ocean, bring you the sun.
With you I see forever, you are the one.
Girl, you're everything I need and more.
You are my everything, my everything.
72
For sure.
Wish I may, wish I might,
To have you here in my arms for the rest of my life.
I pray that you'll stay in my heart for always.
I'd sail across the ocean, bring you the sun.
With you I see forever, you are the one.
Girl, you're everything I need and more.
You are my everything, my everything.
For sure.
73
"Still"
Funny when you stop and thinkTime goes faster than you blink
Nothing's ever like it wasbut girl we've got a special thing
all the happiness it bringsis more than enough
I know it's hard to believeYou're still the biggest part of me
all I'm living forI still think about youI still dream about you
I still want youand need you by my sideI'm still mad about you
all I ever wanted was youyour still the one
It's hard to breathe when were apartYou're like sunshine in my heart
I keep you here insideyou've been everything to me
you've been and always will bethe apple of my eye
And I know it's hard to believeYou're still the biggest part of me
all I'm living forI still think about youI still dream about you
I still want youand need you by my sideI'm still mad about you
all i ever wanted was youyour still the one
If you love melook into my eyes and say you do
74
I've been waiting all my lifefor someone just like you
baby all that we've been throughGirl I'm still in love with you
and I want you to know I do, I do
I still think about youI still dream about you
I still want youand need you by my sideI'm still mad about you
all I ever wanted was youyour still the one
75
"4th Of July"
Aaah ohhhAaah ohhhAaah ohhhAaah ohhh
I was nothing thenJust the other day
And I couldn't help but smileYou're still beautifulAfter all these years
And I'm so damn glad you're mine
Never lost itGirl you're still the flame
That's burning deep in my soulSo remarkable, so incredible
The best I've ever known
When we kiss, it's like ChristmasI still feel butterflies
Every time we're togetherLike the 4th of July
Aaah ohhh (You make me feel like the 4th of July)Aaah ohhh (You light me up like the 4th of July)
Aaah ohhh (You make me feel like the 4th of July)Aaah ohhh (yeah yeah)
I'm still feeling youYou still got it
I can't get you out of my headWhen I'm with you
There's no other placeThat I'd rather be instead
Never lost itGirl you're still the flame
76
That's burning deep in my soulSo remarkable, so incredible
The best I've ever known
When we kiss, it's like ChristmasI still feel butterflies
Every time we're togetherLike the 4th of July
Aaah ohhh (You make me feel like the 4th of July)Aaah ohhh (You light me up like the 4th of July)
Aaah ohhh (You make me feel like the 4th of July)Aaah ohhh (yeah yeah)
Each and every night is like New Year's EveEvery touch is like heaven to me
When we're making love, I can't get enoughBaby you're all I'll ever need
When we kiss, it's like ChristmasI still feel butterflies
Every time we're togetherLike the 4th of July
Aaah ohhh (You make me feel like the 4th of July)Aaah ohhh (You light me up like the 4th of July)
Aaah ohhh (You make me feel like the 4th of July)Aaah ohhh (yeah yeah)
When we kiss, it's like Christmas(You make it feel like the 4th of July)
I still feel butterflies(You light me up like the 4th of July)
Every time we're together(You make me feel like the 4th of July)
Like the 4th of July (yeah yeah)
77
"Key 2 My Heart"(feat. Sixx John)
Double ones since you came into my lifeLike the sun in the middle of the night
You have my bodyAnd now you've gotten into my brainAnd it's getting so hard to maintain
My sense, my cool, down deep inside
Baby you don't know what you do to meYou're making me feel like I'm seventeen
It's like one thousand degrees when you're next to meAnd I know that I'm ready and ready to give you the key 2 my heart
[Sixx John:]Yeah
Look, I had to get your nameSo we can talk more and I can pick your brain
Put it all together like a jigsawI'm crushing on you like I just turn seventeen
When I lay up and talk on the phoneOn nights when both of us at home
You don't know what I feel, I wanna chill with youI wanna be with you, you and I
Girl, so sweet, so kind, so freeYou're my world, the biggest part of me
Girl, you got meBody, soul, heart, mind and brain
It's getting so hard to maintainMy sense, my cool, down deep inside
Baby you don't know what you do to meYou're making me feel like I'm seventeen
It's like one thousand degrees when you're next to meAnd I know that I'm ready and ready to give you the key 2 my heart
[Sixx John:]I can hug you
78
I can show you, I can teach you, I can love youI can touch you, make you forget all your trouble
Playing your hair when you lay, you need not care at allWe make a few couple of
They say no make beliefs, stopPeople want just believe us
This what life is supposed to be to usYou make me feel like a teen as I lay up and talk on the phone
All night when the both of us at homeNow you know what I feel, wanna chill with you
I wanna be with you, you and I
Tonight, can you hula for me tonightUnder these stars so bright
Cause I'm the luckiest man on this earthIn this whole damn universe
And now as long as I breathe I love youI'll do whatever you want me to do
Cause I'm the luckiest man on this earthIn this whole damn universe
Baby you don't know what you do to meYou're making me feel like I'm seventeen
It's like one thousand degrees when you're next to meAnd I know that I'm ready and ready to give you the key 2 my heart
Baby you don't know what you do to meYou're making me feel like I'm seventeen
It's like one thousand degrees when you're next to meAnd I know that I'm ready and ready to give you the key 2 my heart
79
"Just Enough"
A tall long island's calling out my nameSealed up patrón won't make me feel the same
Macallan 12 on iceAlways gets me feeling nice
Gonna do this tonight right in front of your friendsYeah
Last time I saw you I froze up it's trueI'm gonna need some liquid courage just to talk to you
And ask you for a danceNot looking for romance
Hope that I'm tightIt's about to begin
Yeah
Don't give me just enough to drinkTo get me tipsy
Don't give me just enough to drinkTo ask you out on the floor
'Til I'm feeling fantastic, elastic, gymnasticReady for more
Don't give me just enough to drinkDon't give me just enough to drink
Take a few sips and then I start to sweatTake a few more 'cause I don't see you yet
I know tonight's the nightI'm almost feeling right
Then I look at the front and you're 'bout to come inYeah
And you're looking so good like you always doLike they made the lights
Just for youThen you turn around
And it looks like your walking awayMm Mm
And I hold out my hand
80
I know you don't understandHow many nights I've been waiting to say
Yeah
Would you like just enough to drinkTo get you tipsy
Would you like just enough to drinkTo get you out on the floor
'Til you're feeling fantastic, elastic, gymnasticReady for more
Would you like just enough to drinkWould you like just enough to drink
First got to get you to smileLet you know just how beautiful you are to me
Got to get you to stay for a whileDoes heaven let angels run free?
Don't give me just enough to drinkTo get me tipsy
Don't give me just enough to drinkTo get you out on the floor
'Til I'm feeling fantastic, elastic, gymnasticReady for more
Don't give me just enough to drinkDon't give me just enough to drink
81
"Love Is"(feat. Vanessa Williams)
[Vanessa]They say it's a river, that circles the Earth
A beam of light shinin' to the edge of the universeIt conquers all
It changes everything
They say it's a blessingThey say it's a gift
They say it's a miracle and I believe that it isIt conquers all
But it's a mystery
[1] - Love breaks your heartLove takes no less than everything
Love makes it hard
And it fades awaySo easily
[Brian]In this world we've createdIn this place that we live
In the blink of an eye babe, the darkness slips inLove lights the world
Unites the lovers for eternity
[2] - Love breaks the chainsLove aches for every one of us
Love takes the tears and the painAnd then turns it into the beauty that remains
[Vanessa]Look at this place
It was paradiseBut now it's dyingI'll pray for love
82
[Brian]I'll take, my chances that it's not too late
[Vanessa][Repeat 1]
[Brian]And it fades away so easily
Oh Oh Oh
