Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Indus Script Simplified
Vijayabhaarati
references1.Indus Script Decipherment Breakthrough-Vijayabhaarati-2015
2.Vijayabhaarati papers/scribd.com/academia.edu
3.Harappa.com
64. Monkey figurine; 63. Elephant head; 62. Turtle figurine;
27. Bull seal, Harappa; 154. Unicorn seal;
42. "Priest King."; 41. "Priest King."; Libationvessels.;M-18A; 135. Inscribed storage jar,M-1196;
126. Inscribed mold fragment; Ravi Phase Pot ; 102.Ravi Phase Motifs ; 101. Hand-built Pot ; 124. Inscribed Ravi sherd; Textile Evidence; 90.Molded tablet; 15. "Granary," Harappa; 2. Ox- orwater buffalo-drawn cart with driver from Harappa; 133. Unicorn seal; 22. Toy carts, Nausharo.; 149. Three groups of tablets; 150. Stroke direction; 151. Two inscribed tablets;
156. Long rectangular seal with no animal motif;60. Seal Fragment; 36. Silver seal, Mohenjo-daro.; 25. Unicorn Seal, Mohenjo-daro;
145. Unicorn seal; 8. "Great Bath," Mohenjo-daro.
4.Archeologydaily.com
Oldest modern human found in England; DNA study deals blow to theory of European origins; Into the Stone Age With a Scalpel: A Dig With Clues on Early Urban Life; Ancient Middle Eastern stone structures revealed by Google Earth; Solving the Mystery of a Megalithic Monument in the Land of Giant; More on Family ties doubted in Stone Age farmers; No Family Plots, Just Communal Burials In Ancient Settlement; Digging up Turkeys past. Totally stone age: James Mellaart at Catalhoyuk; Archaeologist argues worlds oldest temples were not temples at all; 9,000-year-old ancient figurines were toys not mother goddess statues are discovered; The earthmother of all neolithic discoveries; Pyramid Exploring Robot Reveals Hidden Hieroglyphs; Big
Question for 2012: The Great Pyramids Secret Doors; Solving the Mystery of a 35,000 Year Old Statue; Udupi: Ancient Unicorn Idol Found at Kalya; Site hints at Asian roots for human genus; Ancient Egypt was destroyed by drought, discover Scottish experts; Company digging mine in Afghanistan unearths 2,600 year old Buddhist monastery; Ancient City Mysteriously Survived Mideast Civilization Collapse; Tamil Brahmi script found at Pattanam in Kerala ; Worlds Oldest Erotic Picture ; Worlds oldest Copper Age settlement found at Plocnik
5.Dr.Asko parpola for his works
1. a) Asko Parpola . 1994. Deciphering the
Indus script/DTIS. 1994. Cambridge University
Press; Cambridge
DTISpage21; DTIS-page32.Sumerian tablet from Uruk indicating 54 oxen and cows.; DTIS page 55 Indus script on a late Harappan seal Dmd-1.; DTIS page 55; DTISpage55; DTIS page 82; DTIS
page 83. M-314; DTIS page 91. H-3305; DTISpage92.H102;
DTIS page92.M-318; DTIS page92.
M-1203; DTIS page 108.DK-7535; DTISpage108.DK2119; DTIS page109 H-3458 ;
DTIS page 109 H-247; DTIS page 109.M- 478.; DTISpage 111 B12B6; DTIS page 111 C2B7; DTIS page111A7B10; DTIS page 65.; DTIS page 132 M-228; DTISpage 132.BM120228; DTIS page181 IM87798; DTIS page 183; DTISpage183.Monochrome goblet painted with three star symbols from Mehrgarh.3000-2600 B.C; DTIS page 185.
M-305.; DTIS page 188.M-304. ; DTIS page192.Shahr-i Sokhta,; DTIS page 194 .H-302; DTIS page194.H-3452; DTIS page 195 H-9.; DTIS page 213.Bull statuette with trefoil inlays fromUruk(w.16017).; DTIS page219. BM-123059; DTIS page 219.M-489B;
DTIS page 227.H-182; DTISpage226.M-453; DTIS page 226.H-306 ; DTIS page228.H-147.Signs of fireplace and intersecting circles.; DTIS page 231 M-172.The sign sequence Fig tree+ fish.; DTIS page 231 .H-6.Fig tree+two long vertical strokes.
DTIS page 234.Two sets of copper tablets from Mohenjo-daro ;DTIS page 243.M-414
; DTIS page 247.M-308;
b) Sanskrit has also contributed to Indus civilization –Dr.Asko Parpola
http://www.deccanherald.com/content/79062/sanskrit-has-contributed-indus-civilisation.html
C) The Indus script and the wild ass
http://beta.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/article481104.ece
6 .B. B. Lal, Director General (Retd.), Archaeological Survey of India Lecture given at the National Council of Educational Research andTraining (NCERT), New Delhi ).
Why Perpetuate Myths? A Fresh Look at Ancient Indian History .
http://www.cycleoftime.com/articles_view.php?codArtigo=54).
7. Roger D.Woodard
The Ancient languages of Asia minor- H i t t i t e ,The Lycian alphabet;
8. Copyright © 2006 The Royal Society
Carob bean seeds
9. James Prinsep
Coins, Weights, and Measures of British India
10 Lionel D. Barnett
Antiquities of India: An Account of the History and Culture of Ancient Hindustan
11. Ancient scripts.com
Luwian
12. Jonathan Slocum and Sara E. Kimball
Hittite
http://www.utexas.edu/cola/centers/lrc/eieol/hitol-BF-X.html
13. http://www.hindubooks.org/scriptures/manusmriti/ch8/ch8_191_200.htm
Manusmriti: The Laws of Manu
14. www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-15621229.htmlThe Oxus river Civilization: the Bronze Age of central Asia.
15. P Gopakumar
In his Hindu article The Viiraraaya FaNam
16. http://www.taxguru.in/accounting/history-of-accounting-and-accounting-standards.html#ixzz0vMIuX0Tp
Accounting existed in Vedic India
17. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/334517.stm
‘Earliest writing’ found
18. © Roy Davies & Glyn Davies, 1996 & 1999
A Comparative Chronology of Money
19. Colin Narbeth
The cowry shell as money
20 Marvin A. Powell
Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient, Vol. 39, No. 3 (1996)
Money in Ancient Mesopotamia
Ancient Indian coins
22. http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/History/weightsandmeasures.html
Shekel
23. JewishGates.org
The History of Coins: How We Got From Shekels toSela'im
24. www.Mehrangroup.com/rice/ricegrain)
Rice grain
25. Jimmy Dunn
The Sed-festival26. T.S. Subramanian
Bull-baiting of yore
The Bhirrana potsherd
Harappan link http://www.hindu.com/2007/09/12/stories/2007091255372200.htm
27. Iravatham Mahadevan,
May 6 2006 |
A Note on the Muruku Sign of the Indus Script inthe light of the Mayiladuthurai Stone Axe Discovery
28. The Australian coin collecting weblog
Proclamation Coin - Indian Rupee29. Subhash C.Kak
The Indus Script-Its Connection With Brahmi
30. J.M. Kenoyer Hariyupia and the Rg Veda
31 .Akkadian dictionary © Association Assyrophile de France
Akkadian
32. http://www.hindunet.org/hindu_history/sarasvati/html/Corpusmain.htm
Corpus of Indus Inscriptions
33 The Indus script: texts,concordance and
tables(ITCT).Iravatham Mahadevan.1977.ASI,New
Delhi.
34.An Introduction to Indus writing (AIIW).
Bryan wells. The University of Calgary . 1998.
Canada.
35.Sumer. Wikipedia .
36.Ancient Egypt – Myth and History (AEMH).
Geddes and Grosset Ltd. 1997. New Lanark.
Scotland.
37A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian
(ACDME). Raymond O Faulkner .1991. Griffith
Institute. Oxford.
38The Hebrew – Greek Key Word Study Bible. 1996.
AMG International Inc. U.S.A.
39.Sanskrit - English Dictionary. Sir Monier
Monier Williams. 1999. Munshiram Manoharlal
Publishers Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi.
40Sanskrit – Malayalam Dictionary. Kanippayyuur
Sankaran Naambootirippaatu. 1996.
Pancaangam Pustaka Saala, Kunnamkulam, Kerala.
41 Sabdataaraavali. Sriikantesvaram G.
Padmanaabha Pilla .April 2000. National Book
stall , Kottayam, Kerala.
42 Puraanic Encyclopedia (PEP). Vettam Maani.
1991. Current books, Kottayam. Kerala.
43 The Rigveda (RV). OMC Narayanan
Nambotirippatu. 1995. D. C. Books .Kottayam.
Kerala.
44 The Vedic people (VP). Their History and
Geography: Rajesh Kochhar. 2000. Orient Longman.
Hyderabad. India.
45 A Phrenologist Amongst The Todas (APATD).
William E. Marshall. 1995. Asian Educational
Services. New Delhi.
46 Iythareya
Brahmanam(IB) .V.Balakrishnan,Dr.R.Leela Devi .
1992 .The Vidyarthi Mithram Book
Depot,Kottayam,Kerala.
47.Life In Ancient India In The Age of The
Mantras : P.T.Srinivas Iyengar .Asian
Educational Services-1991
48.Dawn.com
Rare Indus seal discovered in Cholistan
Indus Script Simplified
For the benefit of readers who have been with mefrom Bharata-The Language Of The Harappans to Kubera The God Of Wealth And The Indus Script and for the new readers as well, we can classifythe Indus Script into the following groups:
The Pautavya(weight/scales)/maapana(scales/weight)/maanava (human) symbols.
These contain the or the 6 barley grain paNameTa/3 Rattis Valla units.PaNameTa is vallameTa/mallameTa also.
MaaDa(weight) is meTa(tower) → →
paNameTa(6 barleys)/praveTa(barley)/pravaTa(wheat)/prabhaata(dawn)/
viirabhadra(king of kings,gold,king’s weight,stone weight)/kubera(god of wealth).
maada(weight)→ , 6 barley
grains=meTa/harmya→ 6barley grains = → → 3 Rattis/ Valla(weight)/ harmya(hearth,mansion)/meTa(tower) →PaNameTa(a basic unit of Harappan weight system).
nava(9)meTa(tower) is vana(tree)meTa , , ,
, , ,/phaNa(snake,ornament)meTa ,
, /paNameTa/praveTa(barley)/pravaTa(wheat) itself.
ia a dvaadasapaNameTa.But it being nava(9;
5 + 2+ 2=9) and sikha(3,baaNa ) is kausika/ paNameta (6+baaNa+meTa) itself.
is a nava(8)meTa which is vana(water,kaNa-drop,kiNa-grain)meTa, phaNa(snake)meTa ,praveTa etc. also.
, also indicate vana(water)/kaNa(drop)/kina(grain) meTas or paNameTas and praveTas.PaNa(sun)meTa(tower) is a
temple or the sky denoted gopura(tower) , ,
, pagoda(temple) etc.also.
, , go(arrow,eye,sky,sun,king,cow,earth,star,water) is sikha(3,summit), kusa(Indra/Usha-dawn)and vaara(arrow,water,roof;viira-hero,bhaara-weight;hence Kubera) and is hence go-sikha/kausika(Indra,Kubera,Rudra,brahman,treasury)/vaidika
(brahman).Sitting on a throne(vedi/vedika with hoofed legs to indicate go-pada→the sky) also make one a kausika/daivika/vaidika( a Brahman/priest).
Maada(weight) is mada(erection of phallus or
tail) , harsha(bristling,hair rection on the
body,horns etc.) , tama(stupa-standing on toe) etc.
The Kausika(treasury,counting)/
paNa(money,trade,bet,sacrifice)/saaNa(four
Maashas , mint,meTa-tower)/Tanka(4 Maashas;leg
,spade ,hoe ,Fig tree,unicorn , etc.,mint)
symbols.These include the paada =
4( ,: : foot –four cf.two fins+tail=4;four
directions,four feet of go-cattle and
animals;miina is bhaata-dawn,bhaata is also
paada-foot/deva-god/rava-sun,sound/veda-
scripture ); is go (nayana-
eye,two,nine,naaNya-money-cow;ku-bhu-earth;ka-
go-water;kosa-jar,treasury/ go-ja-water-born
/bhuja-hand/hasta-hand/masta-measured,head/matsa
-fish ;bow -paw -hoe -money,su-soma
extraction,gotra-putra-son,hu-sacrifice) –
sikha(horn,fire 3, , , ,Siva,subha,suna ,
sura;bhuusura-kausika-brahman; cipher as
agna/eka is 1 whence it is panca-five,sinha-
tiger,sankha-cowry,sankhya-number etc.).
It is also 40,50 etc. from the ten of the
cipher. salka-fish is
sulka(paNa/price)/sukla(silver)/sukra(silver,Ven
us)/Durga (gaayatri; go-sikha;godhika ,
)/cakra(wheel) /Sakra(Indra-kausika)/ ,
samasta(visva-sarva-whole;sa + masta →samasta
) etc. Masta(measured,bhadra -head,hasta-
hand)→ nasta(nose , , ;masta )
→nakra(nose,croc ,kundala-earring
) → , , etc.Miina is Mena/Menaka and
maana (vedi-altar ;measure.In Rev.11.1 we read: I was given a reed like a measuring rod and was told ,go and measure the temple of God and the altar and count the worshippers there,because maana-measure is the altar also)/naama(go-bindu;go-vindu;govinda-krishna,vishnu etc,go-sun-suurya-suunya-
cipher,it can be the cipher or sikha ).Go
(star ) in sikha(horn) ☼ , is Kausika
. go-sun,star , with sikha(rays) isKausika. Kusa(tree cf.Sakra paadapa-Pinus deodora
,PaNa vriksha-vata-Fig tree ; grass cf.kusa
grass, kuta-pot,jar,boat ;cloth , cf.kusa-
silk-pattu;patta – diadem ;bhadra-bharata-bhatta-kausika etc.) with sikha is Kausika-silk
cloth . Kusa is gaja (elephant;aga/aja/jaya/haya/maya/asva/avasa-sun,king) also.Kausika is one sitting on tree
like the owl(cf.Athenian owl → ),
Drumaasraya(musali-croc,palli-lizard, , ,man
housed in tree H178b ram faced man in tree-
Kausika,man sitting on tree ) etc.The
,hare/cattle grazing on kusa-grass is a
kausika.Croc (nakra) eating kusa(fish) is
Kausika. Sikhi(peacock) is kausika .
paada(pa-king,water,leaf/va-tiger,king,hand,bull;aasa-seat,face;vaasa-
cloth,dwelling;vaaja-food,sacrifice)→ panca(pa-/va-aasana-aasa-seat) →vasna(money)→
vasana(dwelling)→vadana(mouth) , →sinha
→sankha →sunga(vata-Fig tree)
→saNka(bull)
The tiger with paws is Kausika.The man with bow is kausika/DroNa/Arjuna.
→ 4(aya- = 4 ,aja , , ,-king,ram,Indra-kausika;naaga-8,gaja-haya-asva-7,aha-day)
Kusa→kosa(jar,treasury) →gosa(dawn)→ viirabhadra(dawn,siva, king’s weight,stone weight;viira-hero,vaara-tail,roof-pura-kusa, water-kusa,arrow-kusa etc.) → vrishabha(bull-
bharata) → bharata(king)→
prabhaata(dawn)→ , , , , →prataapa(halfvaraaha)→ kausika→ gopa(king)→ gopaala(bhuupaala-king)→ bhadra(bull,elephant,king,gold;petra-stone,metal,pala-weight).
arka-copper,12;bhadra-king,bull,gold;aksha(wheel,eye ,
axle,Karsha,snake )-cakra(wheel,bhaara-weight)-garja(maa-roar,measure)-bhadra
(king,bull,elephant,head, water,cipher,ka,ma,na,ha etc.), raksha(traaNa-protection,DharaNa-Indra,sun,weight)-rakta(red,blood,Ratti)-raaja(king)-ratha(wheel,chariot)-srii(fire,sun,gold)-
Sakra(Indra)-Sagara(a king)-taara(star) , ,
, -gotra(clan)-suutra(sacred thread,mudra-seal).
Vana(tree,house;paNa-rava-sun-srii-druu-gold)
, →paNa →phaNa(snake,ornament) →nava-
9, →kubera(having navanidhis-nine treasures)→Kausika(Brahman is a tree,its roots is dawn and dusk,its branches is veda,its leavesis vedic rites).Vana(tree)+ arka(worshipper)/maaDa is paNameTa of Kausika/Kubera/Indra/Rudra/Mitra/netra(bhadra-king).PaNa meTa
is also nava(9)*arka(12)=108.
ka(head,water,light,time)/ha/kha(sun,sky,cipher,gold)/ go-star,eye,cow,king/taara-star/taaraka-star/sun
/Indra/king/eye/star/hu-sacrifice/ku-bhuu-earth→netra(eye)/Indra/dharaNa(sun,10 Palas,8
Vallas,breast of women)/taraNi(boat,sun) , ,
, →caraNa(leg) →traaNa(protection,bali-tax)→saraNa(refuge,hotra-
sacrifice,sacrifice;gotra-clan )→ sara(arrow)-
Na(cow,mi,mu-bond) , →ratna(gem) .Pala-bull-go is sira-ka-head.Matsa is
masta(measured,head).Two bhujas/two fish isdasa- 10.
Ashtaapada(gold) /ashtavasu/VasishTha is
rudrarodana .
Go( bull) is go(arrow) , ,
netra/dharaNa.
Netra is dva-two-2 and sva(wealth,own).DharaNa is dasa(Indra-ten-10) .Two is Yama .Yama is maya(bull,asva) and maya is haya(asva,7)/gaja(8).Gotra is go(2,5,9)* 3=6(Ritus),15(grains=Maasha),27(nakshatras-asterisms).
Aksha , , is five(cf.aksha-ahas of five parts,yuga of five years), Indra/dharaNa/bhadrahad a value of 10 cows.Raavana had ten heads/tenPalas(siras-heads).Dasaraaja(ten kings) is Dasaratha(wheel of 10, 10 chariots,10 heads,DharaNa-Raavana).
Kusa(go-sky;bhuu-earth;Indra,iisa-bhatta-lord,Siva,Kubera;gosa;go-sun,ja-birth-sunrise;water,tree,silk;druu-tree,gold→ srii-sun,gold,word) / kosa(treasury,godha-croc/Iguana/graaha famous for the bond/paNa)/
koshTha(treasury)→usha(dawn)→sikha(horn,Siva)
, , , →kula(clan)→kala(count,mark) →kata(vaara-hair mesh,mat,loan,shop;count by the
caturas or squares;paNa-bet,chess) ,
→kataaha(cauldron)/katakata(best) , ,
→kuta(pot) →vata (Fig,usha-prabhaata,pravata-wheat,praveta-barley)→ Pala(4
Karshas/5 Karshas ) →bala(bull,power,strength cf.Balabhadra ;his weapon is the hala-
plough)→gada(club,mace) ,
→garta(throne)→Garuda(Syena-suparNa-SuvarNa-karsha-80Rattis) → guda(loin,lion,tiger)
→ hala(plough; kara-hand, kalansu-weight)
→laghu(light)→Raghu(Raama)
Bull , go-asva-pasu-vasu→bilva(Vi-sva-wealth/dva-two/rava-paNa,sun,sound;visva-all,whole;sarva-all,whole;asva-elephant,bull;avasa-sun,king;aksha-eye,wheel,karsha,snake; uksha-bull,vac-voice,speech)/Pala(sira-head/sara-head,five,water;kara-hand;hara-ass,siva)→Vrishabha(Bharata) →Prataapa(half Varaaha).
Go/Kusa/uksha/usha/aksha/ahas/ahna/ahar/aha/hema/miina/nayana/naaNya/ Mena/silpa/sastra/satra is ku/bhuu/hu; a piece
of wood , lemon , , tarpya(dravya-
gold,money,silk),bridle,rope , , , , , and
bow , and paw , , darbha,water,hriiveli(Andropogon- Pavonia
odorata) , , tree , ,pod of cotton
etc.VanameTa / paNameTa is balivedi(maana / /
/ cf.man→maana -va-bull )also.Thus we have aha(ah-speech,call;ahar,ahas,ahna-day) as
try-aha, shad-aha, dvaadas-aha, , ,
, , bhadr-aha,bhadrika(amulet),patrika(letter),
puNyaaha,sudinaaha aharmukha(dawn,Kausika,Indra,Iisa) etc.Aha(day,sacrificial day, a festival day) is
yaja/hava/ hu(sacrifice) . Aha is ahi (snake
), aksha( snake,
eye ,5,karsha;ahas-day has five parts).
Aharloka(cf.loha/roma/lota/loca/loka) is sacrificial brick.
mukha(face,copper) is paNa(face,money,copper;bali-sacrifice ), arka(copper,sun,12), gaja(elephant), aksha(eye,snake,karsha,5), dhishaNa(bowl,owl
,howl ), vaara(cup,roof,tail,water cf.kusa), viira(hero), bhaara(maaDa), medha(sacrifice,makha,yaaga,haya,aha), meTa(tower) etc.
Matsa is masta(measured,bhadra-head,cipher,cakra)/nasta(nose,masta)/nakra(nose,croc,nasta, masta)/hasta(hand,nasta,masta).Hence
, , , , ( aksha is bhadra , ), ,
,
Sriimukha is trimukha(three faced cf.M-304)sriimakha/sriibali(Mal.siiveli)/agnimukha(gaayatri) etc.
samukha(eloquent)/samuuha(group)/gomukha(king’s face,cow’s
face)/agnimukha(gaayatri)/akshamukha(ahar-
mukha→dawn) Raama/raaja/dvimukha(ravi-mukha-srii mukha)/Raa-vaNa/Menaka etc.
Aksha(eye,die of chess,cowry,snake) by itself is ahas(day) .
drava(fish)→ druu(gold,tree,paNa)→ usra(sun,bull)→ uksha(bull)→kusa(silk,water,lemon,piece of wood,darbha,tree,arrow)→gaja(elephant)→aksha(eye,die,snake,wheel)→ahas(aha-day)→ garja(tiger,kausika,elephant)→ Karsha(weight of 80 Rattis)→ cakra(wheel,sarpa-snake,srava-ear, vrisha-bull,varsha-year)→ (DharaNa-8 Vallas,10Palas,sun)→netra(eye,sacrifice,king,beard,cloth,root)→ naaga(arrow,snake,sun,tree,hill,king)→paada(foot,four)→paNa
(money,sun,house,bet,stake,weight)→bali(sacrifice,archer)→bhadra(gold,king,bull,girl,cipher,auspicious)→
mudra(seal,dance,sex)→ yaja(sacrifice)→ yaaga(sacrifice)→ raaga(red,king,rhythm,tune)→ raaja(king;srii)→ vaaja(sacrifice,food)→
satra(sacrifice)→ sava(water,sacrifice)→ sva(own,wealth;dva-two→rava-sun→raya-rayi-wealth)→siva
(auspicious;bhadra-rudra-mudra-mitracf.northeast-Pisces-Miina/Iisa/Kausika/Kubera)→hava(sacrifice,fire,fire god)→hu(sacrifice)→hotra(sacrifice,sacrifice)
→harmya(mansion,hiraNya-gold) ,
→dhishaNa(hearth,Jupiter) , .
BaaNa(naaga-sara-vaara-arrow,water,5,paana-
cup,paaNa-hand,paNa)meTa →paNameTa(tower,sky)→
→ → → → → tree worshipper→ M1186
→ paNameTa→ paNameTa→ paNameTa→paNa(bali,sun,avasa)-medha(sacrifice)→asvamedha(sacrifice)→kusa(Indra,tree,usha-dawn,aja-Indra,king,ram,Aries)medha(sacrifice).
Loha(bhadra-metal,bull,patra-bird,stone cf.petra,Hindi-pattar)symbols→roma(hair-on hands
like banglesM305 ,
H-178 on body,on the head,on horns ,on
tail -indicate loha;harsha-bristling,harita-gold)→roha(rise;druu,usra-bull,bhadra-metal,gold,drava-fish,srava-ear,sarpa-snake,naaga-metal,snake,hema-gold;phallus-bull)
is loha(metal)/paNameTa.Roha , ,, (erect cobra,erect tree,erect phallus,erect tail etc.) etc.indicate metal and paNameTa.Loha→
loka(aksha-eye,snake , , naaga-
snake,tin,loha)→luuna(loma-vaara-bar-tail , ,
, , , , , , , , , , , , , ,
, , , , , , , ,
),lota(tear,cf.rudrarodana-gold , , , , ,
, , , , )→luuta(spider,ant) , , , ,
, , , , →suula(spear)
→uluuka(owl,grass) , , , .
Ashta(eight,ishta-desired) ,
naaga(elephant,snake,metal;hema-gold;kaama-
love,god of love) , , , (Ashtanaaga)
is ashtavasu(gold ) , ashtaapada(goldcf.luuta-srii-spider with
eight feet) , , , and
rudrarodana(gold) .Panca/sinha paNa is Pence/Aarama(5 Tolas).Ashtanaaga is Pavan(8Maashas/8 grams).
Pancamukha(broadfaced,wide open mouth) is the broad mouthed Tiger(Kausika),ass,croc,pot,king etc.The indicate paNa by their paNa-sound.Panca(aksha) is Tanka(kausika,4 Maashas,mint cf.H-182).
H182a H182b .
Kausika(tiger,bhaari-tiger,drum,Tola) + paNava/nakra/KarNa/rukma/hariNa( paNa-sound-
drum,Kundala , )+Aarama(5 Tolas/Pala/kausika/akshasaunda-fond of gambling,akshasuutra-rosary of rudraaksha etc.).
Mallaka(vallabha;valla-va)samputas indicate MallameTas/Kausika/Viirabhadra/Indra/Kubera/VaruNa/Siva etc.This include the tiger fighters,treepluckers etc also.
Go(star,sun)-sikhas(horns,rays)/ go(cattle)-
sikhas(horns , , ) indicate Kausikas/kosas,caturas /Indras.
M305 star in horn-kausika, H178b ram
faced man in the kusa-tree-Kausikha, H179b
man in the tree-kusa-Kausika; M1186 man in kusa-tree,pot-Kausika,with sikha(kusa,siva,sva)-horn of go(cattle)-Kausika,with Vrishan asva/Mena(hema-gold)/Menaka
(hemaka-gold piece)having raised tail-loha accompanied by the seven virgins/daasi-altar,maid/vedi-altar-kaanya kubja(=Miina/Mena/Kausika;they have the Ganda-kubera –kausika head gear;the knot or bun at theend of the tail indicate paNa/go/barley
weight/king’s weight), the paNameTa of Kausika/Indra and the salabha(butter flies;silpa-ornament) of sabala(Kaamadhenu/Surabhi/RohiNi/Rukmi/Rukma) with the Tankaka(Figtree) and tree(druu,srii,vana,paNa) indicate Kausika paNaMeTa of sapta ankanas/ 6*7=42 grains or 108*7=756 grains.The tree +kausika+ worshippermake
a paNameTa .
The seven angels standing before god are the Saptarshis,saptaarci-fire(cf.the seven angels,seven seals,the seven trumpets in Rev.6. The asva-horse-avasa-sun is indicated as a
bull/horse with a rider holding a bow
and wearing a crown ).
Miina(dawn;mi/mu/nii-bind,lead;ina/yama-sun)→Mena(hema)→Menaka(an apsaras-heavenly damsel who enamoured Kausika).
Animals (pasu-vasu-gold; mriga→rukma-gold→nakra-nose,earring;mrig-to beg) indicate maa(measure,Lakshmi,roar etc.).Maa→maasha(5 Rattis/8 Rattis)→saaNa(20 Rattis/32Rattis).
M1393a Samaaja(group of animals) is Sa-Maasha(weight).
SravaNa(ear,svarNa-gold)/srava(ear)/drava(fish,miina-hema-gold)/druu(srii-tree,gold)/KarNa(ear,a king)/nakra(croc,rukma-gold) is ear.VisravaNa/Ucchaisravas(with long ears,famous,having no ears-aksha-sarpa-snake,srava-ear) is Kubera.Kubera→Cobra→copper→paNa(copper,money,sun,bet, house,market,trade,price)→arka(sun,copper,12)→mukha(face,copper)→makha(sacrifice)→hotra(sacrific
e,priest) , , , .. Subhadra(su-
bhatta→brahman) is good king,beautiful damsel,gold,Menaka(hemaka) etc.
Maasha/mesha/aja is maasa(month) and
naasa(nose,raaja-king) .Gocara , has go(9)*tra(3)=27 nakshatras/asterisms.
Gopaala(bhuupaala-king;go-bhaara→go-maaDa) is go(bull,hoofed legs-Kausika cf.go-star on sikha,and go-bull on foot)-paada(feet,tip of
toe→sikha-siva-Kausikha) cf. , , , , , ,
, , , , , , , , ,
and indicate go-maaDa(king’s weight/stone weight/metal weight)
→gocara→9*3=27;40*3=120.The Vimsottari Dasa of Parasara has 120 years and is based on the moon’s gocara/monthly cycle in the 27 asterisms→
gopura(pagoda) , → gotra(clan,cowpen;hotaaram-inviting the deities to the sacrifice),vrajapati(Prajaapati,varshapti,Brihas
pati) .
Srii(sun,fire,go-speech)→rati(sex)→Itara(author of a Brahmana).
Srii(gold,Laxmi,fire,go) → Lrii (mother,
Siva, Aditi, Kaamadhenu,a house; La-Indra;ra-
fire,Indra , ) →
harmya(hearth,heart)→hrit(heart)→ dhishaNa(fireplace,Jupiter).It is in Miina that the sun begin to shine as Brihaspati-devaguru,speech,Sarasvati etc.Hence the
Dasara/Asvina festival also comes here where themahisha is killed by Durga.Aaudha puuja is udayapuuja itself.DhishaNaadhipa is Jupiter.DhishaNa is the soma vessel,cup,goblet,speech,praise,dwelling place abode,deity presiding over wealth and gain(Kubera),Wife of Havirdaana
and daughter of Agni,mother of veda-sira etc. All this point to
Miina and dawn.DhishNya is a star(go),hearthor altar etc.
→5*4=20(SaaNa→Maasha).
Bhadraasana(throne→sroNa-buttocks,druma-
tree) indicate gopura(pagoda-tower )/go-sikha/Kausika/vanameta(seat in or on tree)
and paNameTa( , , , , )cf.H-178b
,H179b
K-065a etc.
M310a paNa meTa→seat on tree→
(PhanameTa-erect cobra ;sarpisha -ghee) .
Spearing a buffalo/bull as in the Mohenjodaro seal impression (DK 8165), the moulded terracotta tablet (DK 4547) in front of a kusa-tree; three persons-kausikas- standing near the kusa/gotra/tree or one side of the moulded triangular prism, (M492C) where a King Cobra/PhaNa/paNa/Kubera / kusika(cf.snake charmer)/snake with phaNa/sarpa/bhadra/naaga expanded hood is by the bhadra/vrishabha/bharata/Prataapa/bull which is attacked by a man with a spear (maapana/Tankana), with one foot on the head of the bull (go-sikha-bull’s head-kausika,spear-vaara,bull-bhadra→ Viirabhadra→ prabhaata→praveTa-barley) ( Asko Parpola1994, DTIS page 252).Buffalo sacrifice is asvamedha/paNameTa.Buffalo(gaura mriga) is asva(avasa/usha/kusa).
https://www.facebook.com/AncientIndus/photos/a.10150315616924846.360999.24752074845/10153145731439846/
Note the kausika with sikha-hair made up into –go(cow,star,sky) -sikha sitting in padmaasana onsikha(tip of toe ); go(bull)+vaara(spear) makingkubera;the viira’s paada/bhaara/vaara on the go’s sikha(head) indicating bhadraasana(throne),kubera or kausika bhaara;the croc indicating nakra(kundala-earring,nose)/ Sakra/ mahira(sun)/rukma(gold) etc.
In DK 8165 as in M-1186 the paNameTa of 6 barley grains is clearly indicated.Balivedi/Trivedi/sriivedi is paNameTa.Asvamedha is paNameTa.In DK 4547 the tree as vanameTa is paNameTa.In M-492-C the viira/kusa stands on the go-sikha(bull’s head) which is paNameTa.The erect raajanaaga indicate raajaraaja(kubera/cobra)/phaNameTa/paNameTa.Money increases one’s mada/ahankaara(ego).
Kausika→Kubera→Rudra→gotra(tribe)→suutra(sacred thread)→hotra(sacrifice)→ mudra(seal,ring)→ Mitra(sun,friend, bond)→ putra(son)→ bhadra(bull,gold,king)→ Buddha(enlightened
one)→vindu(learned)→bindu(go-dot, , )→ Hindu etc.
Gaayatri(Kausika/Savitri/Agni) was recited at dawn and dusk.The sun at sunset is Kaanya(kanya)-kubja(gupta) and at rise is Iisa/Rudra/Kubera/Mena/Miina/maana/vedi.
/ / / //yama(2)/aksha(5)/nava(9)/go(2,5,9)→ vakra(curve)/vajra(diamond,Indra’s weapon)/ugra(fierce)/uraga(creeper,snake)/arka(sun,copper,12).
go→H.764 gotra/hotra/hotri/sikha/sikhi→
rudra→mudra→mitra→ musali(nakra-nose,earring;nasta-nose;masta-measured,head;matsa-fish)→5*3=15 barleys=
5 Rattis=1 gold Maasha=1gram gold also.
go/ka/na→agni/agna(sun,fire,king,1,3)→kaNa(drop)→gaNa
(count,group)→ ka-naa(girl)→ Mena(Vrishan asva)→miina(Pisces,12)→ kiNa(grain)→sila(stone,stone weight)→ tila(sesame)→dina(day)→jina(sun,24)→ netra(king,eye,sacrifice) →dharaNa(weight,sun)→Indra→ iisa(lord)→ raaga(red,king)→ raaja(king;bhadra-king;traa-
protect)→srii(Laxmi-Indira→ Indra;fire,wealth,gold)→ sina(grain)→ sila(stone)→ suuna(grain)→suura(hero,tiger,sun)→
sura(sun,soma) →suula(sikha- go)→go-sura→bhuu-sura(Brahman)→ naga(go-
sun,tree,hill,snake,sky,number 7 cf. )
→nava(nine,praise,nu-weapon , )→ vana(tree,water,house) → paNa(praise,price,money,bet,sun,house)→ phaNa(hema,Mena)→ paana(cup)→paaNa(hand)→ baaNa(arrow)→ bhaama(sun).
Sikha /siva/kaasi(sun,fist)/ kusa(water,darbha,silk,tree,jar,Indra)/usha(dawn)/gosa(dawn)/uksha(bull)/kuja/guha(cave)/guda(anus)/miina/ bhuja(hand)/huta(invoked;Indra
is invoked at dawn) / Mena/hema
→harmya→hiraNya(gold).Sikha is , hair,the
tip of toe ,border of cloth etc.
H-009a written over a Unicorn
Dru( )pada
( )
go/kausika/avasa(king,sun)/Mena/miina/hema(gold)
=Kausika(king) /Drupada/saptaka-golden girdle.
Kusa(tree,silk,sarpa-snake,srava-ear,sravya-praiseworthy,dravya-gold,tarpya-kusa-silk etc.)→
, aksha(eye,snake,5,axle,wheel )→ aakaasa(sky)→ ahas(day).
Bhadraasana/mallameTa(hoofed legs M304a ,
M305 ,standing on wheels ,sitting on tree
, ,standing on hill ,leaf on hill , foot on
bull’s head , positioning in siirshaasana
etc.) indicate the king’s throne,golden throne,dawn etc.Vrishabha is viirabhadra/prabhaata/Prataapa(half Varaaha)/pravaTa(wheat)/praveTa(barley).
Spearing the bull(mallaMeTa/asvamedha/asmameTa) is stamping the bulla on the bar/coin.It is
Tanka(mint,leg,hoe cf. , -2 or 5 ; -
4 or 10,spade )/Tankana(sealed coin ) /
Tankaka(mint,Fig tree ).Kausika(go’s head,Sun’s head,paNa-money)/Mena(hema)/Miina is iisaana(northeast;aana-face of iisa/sa-god,sun,snake).It is the twilight region.Iisaana→sayana(sex)→nayana(eye,the two fish symbol for two eyes)→Syena(Garuda-SuparNa→Suvarna→ Mena→miina→ hema).Sa is sarpa/svar.Dasra-Asvins,ass is in Miina.The rising sun/dawn is Kausika(Indra)/Go-sikha.Ariesis Aja/usha/kusa/kuja(Mars,lord of Aries).Vrishabha/Taurus is
prabhaata/Prataapa(half varaaha/arka/ardha-half,arka-sun/praveTa(barley) and ruled by Sukra(Venus)/ Durga/ Suurya(the sun).
Dasra(ass,Asvins) is rajata(silver).Gardabha (ass) is kaparda(gold,cowrie) also.
Asvins is Miina/Mena/Bhdraasva/Nayana(eyes)/naaNya(money) etc.Asva is avasa(sun,king,vac-speech). Usha(dawn)/Aja(ram,Aries,king,Indra) is Kusa(uksha-bull is Indra,sky,tree,owl,silk,dressetc.)/ Kuja(Mars)/ Sukra(Venus,silver;sukla-white,silver)/usra-bull/Sakra-Indra/cakra-wheel/Durga/suurya-Sun etc.
Pisces is the head of the vedic year.It is here that dawn of the day begin.It is the root of thevedic tree or Gaayatri.
On John Marshal’s Mohanjo-daro pl.CX11 No 387
a tree itself is shown with two unicorn heads
projecting out from its stem in a gaayatri pose.
ta-u-raya(suurya-arka-taamra etc.Rakta –
copper is raksha-protection.Hence amulets made
of it.)
The endless motif (DTIS page 111 Fig A-3a&A-3b)
depicts the gaayatri (aga/jaya/haya-srii-sun) by
the endless knot/kola/hora/suula/suura-sun .
-> -> -> ->
→ →
Gaayatri(srii-chaaya-image of the Sun).Kusa is
usha-dawn/ahas-day/uksha-bull/ukha-pot/mukha-
face/makha-sacrifice that protects and gives
salvation.Udaya(sunrise) is kusaya (bowl ,
bilva ).
The ashtottari (108 year) dasa system is based on the 108 nakshatra paadas.
The unicorn bull+ elephant →Vrishan
asva→kusa(tree,cf.M296a with paNameTa/vanameTa→ gaja(elephant)→ haya(bull,asva,7)→maya(bull,asva)→yama(sun,2).
Kaanya(GaNaka-kausika,GaNya-kanya)-Kubja(sapta-7,sabda-go)
is Miina/Mena.Kanya is sandhya(twilight).Twilight appears in Iisaana(north-east) and kanya(south west).
Miina →Mena(Vrishan asva;hema-gold)→Menaka(hemaka-piece of gold)→KarNa(ear,a king;ear has bhadraasana-throne being seated on
bhadra-head/king)→nakra(nose,kundala-earring)
→mudra(ring,musala-nakra-croc) →sravaNa(karNa-ear)→VisravaNa(kubera-svar/svarNa/copper).
mudra→mu/mi/nii-srii→rudra/mitra/mina/musali/nakra .Nakra is fish shaped earring.
→ainanku→20.
ashta,dasa→ashtaadasa-18,asiiti-80,Pala-32*10=320 Rattis.
Iis-to own,possess,rule;iisa(lord).Iisa →Miina→Siinai/Egypt→iisaana/ arunodaya(appearance of
red colour in the east at dawn,cf.Red sea) .
Rudra is ekadasa(eleven).Eka(aga-1)+ dasa(10,raaja) is eleven.
Akshata(aksha/uksha/kusa+ta) is barley and a virgin.Hence Kaanya-kubja is seven barleys also.The bull’s tail is barley.
Kusa/bhuja/usha/uksha/
fish→godha(Iguana,croc,lizard) →godhi(forehead,phaala-forehead→paala-
king→vaara-tail,roof →bhaara-weight→paada-feet:: →viira-hero)→godhika(lizard) →cowry→suurya(the sun).
Kanya/NirRiti is mRiti(death).It is the mother of Naraka(hell,north)/nakra(croc,Makara-Capricorn)/Bhaya(fear,fear of death,paya-water,darkness is water cf.the flood of Noah).Kubera and Rudra are friends and related to the northeast or with dawn.Dawn and dusk are the Asvins represented by the sun and the moon,ketu(tail of the Dragon) and Rahu(raa-ratri-night,the head of the Dragon).NirRiti is one of the eight Vasus,agni,Saamaveda
etc.NirRiti is linked to fetters , , .
Kubera is go(bull,king)-vaara(tail,barley)/
bhaara(weight)/viira(hero) , , , , ,
,6,9, , etc.PaNameTa is 6.It is the meTa/tower of paNa-the sun.
Kanya (6 )is the sixth sign.The ninth(9) sign isgo/bow/dhanu/saanu(the sun) itself.
Kusa is go(king,sky)-sa(sarpa-snake)→king cobra→
kosa(treasury) itself. go-sun→
aksha(karsha,5,snake)→ → → cakra→shatka(6)→sukra(venus,silver)→ sulka(price,tax)→ bhadra(circle,bull,gold,king, elephant, hill, virgin,metal,stone,water). Bhadra is asva and avasa.Bhadraasana(throne) is cakraasana(seat on
wheels) , seat on hill , padmaasana(yogic posture forming a Fig patra-Fig leaf by folding
the legs) M305 ,sarpaasana(seat on sarpa cf.anantasayana of Vishnu)/sinhaasana(seat on
lion/tiger) cf.M308 , K050 etc.
Pala(weight)→upala(stone)→sila(stone)→bhadra(stone,metal,gold;Mal.paaRa,petra) etc.→vaara(tail)→bhaara(weight) →maaDa(weight)→ paada(foot)→haara(chain)→maala(chain)→ aabharaNa(ornament) →nishka(necklace)→
nakshatra(star)→ taara(star)→ ratha(chariot)→raaja(king)
→kara(hand)→hara(ass,fire)→sara(arrow,water,5)→p
aaNa(hand)→baaNa(arrow)→paana(cup) →paNa .
PaNameTa is vallameTa/mallameTa indicated by
tigerfighters M308 , K065 ,
tree uprooters(Bhiimasena) M478b etc.
MeTa is meLa(beat,paNa-sound) also.Hence drum beaters indicatepaNameTa , , .
Kaamadhenu→hema(gold)-saanu(sun)→surabhi(ravi-sun)→sabala(surabhi)→ salabha(butterfly)→silpa(ornament,satra-sacrifice)
Bhadra,aksha,nandi , =stop,stick,panca-five.
cf.H.182 .Aksha is vaara/bhaara/viira/bar.
Viirabhadra is metal/gold bar.
Tree(Srii,druu,vana,paNa,paNameTa), ,
, or Tree worshipper( ,M478a
arka,paNameTa), tree sitter(kausika , ,
M310a ), tree dweller(kausika , cf. M1186
, H178b , H179b ) is
kausika/paNameTa→balivedi(M-1186 vedi,vedika-
altar/daasi –altar,maid M1186 /maana-altar,measure /aayatana-upacaayya-altar,hearth
, , , , cf.naama,govinda etc./sthaana-
altar).In M-1186 sa va nri→SuvarNa(gold,80 Rattis)→ kaparda(gold,cowry)→ kanaka(gold)→hema(gold)→Menaka(hemaka-gold
piece)→mekhala(zone,girdle)→silpa(phaNa-aabharaNa-naka-ornament)→sabala(surabhi)→salabha(phaNa-citra-citrapatanga-butterfly)→surabhi(kaamadhenu,gold) → kausika/fish tail/bull’s hornsabala/salabha/surabhi/silpa.
Menakas are of 5 types kaanci(1 string),saptaka(7 strings),mekhala(8 strings),rasana(16 strings) and kalaapa(25 strings).
Danda is canda(go-sun) , danta(teeth) and sandha(agreement,paNa).Danda→dasana(tooth,tusk)→
dasama(tenth,ten)→vadana(mouth) →panca(five)→
sadana(house) →sandha
→bandha(agreement,bond)→ meTa(tower)
→medha(sacrifice) →maaDa(weight).
Dhandadhara (Yama,king,Kubera) is
gaNda(unicorn), candakara , (sun) and
dantadhara , , , , , , (varaaha-boar,unicorn, elephant).
BaaNabhadra is Balabhadra/paNabhadra/Kubera(go/sikha+ bera→kubera/kausikha .
Vrishanasva with raised tail is Visvamitra/asva(asma-metal)-bhadra(gold,metal;gold loha)/Mena/Menaka/mekhala.
Go-sikha , , →Kausika→sringii ,
(gold)→ druu(tree,gold) →srii(laxmi<fire,gold,sun,go)→
sikhi(Indra,peacock,fire)→Gaayatri→paNameta .
The tail of the head gear M1186 , M305
,
K-50 (caturaha/4 paNa)indicate the bull’s
tail /Viirabhadra/Kausika/Kubera/Kavera(an Rishi)/
bhadra(go,head)-vaara(tail,roof;bhaara,haara,viira etc).
Figtree →asva/asma/bhadra/ vata/tu(hema,kaamadeva)→
kata →kusa → uksha(bull,u-gaja-elephant)→ avasa(sun,
king)→ udu(star) →sunga(vata)→saNka(bull)☼ →
sankha(cowry)→ sinha(lion/tiger) .
Hence asva(bull,elephant,metal,gold) is associated with Fig.Its aerial
roots are the solar rays.Its murmur is rava/paNa.It is paNavriksha . Satya(Fig tree,satyaapana-ratification of agreement/treaty) is paNa.
It is alsoTankaka(mint).
Harsha(raised hair,bristling) , , ,
→sikhara(bristling,
horn) , ,
→ sikha(horn,3) M305 →garja(gaja-elephant;elephant with harsha;kusa;kesa-
hair,temple;sinha-tiger) ,→harita(gold,yellow,green)→Karsha(80 Rattis).Bhadra(gold,king,bull,elephant;nri-nripa-king) is patra(feather),parNa(feather) as indicated by the hairy hands/body/horns etc.Standing in Vata(Tu-gold) is aavaraNa(covering)/aabharaNa(ornament) of Tu(vata).
ka(head,gold))/ha(sky,gold)/kha(sun)/ svar(sky,sun)/ sarpa(snake)/phaNa(snake)/naka(jewellery)/nishka(gold,
jewellery)/ pavan(jewellery weight of 8 grams).
ha phaNa→havana(sacrifice)→ savana(sacrifice)→ svana(sound, svar-sun,sound)→kanaka(gold)→ bhavana(house)→ pavan(8 grams)→ svarNa(gold)→ nishka(gold)→hiraNyaaksha→Raa-vana→ aarama(coin of 5 tolas)→maara(kaamadeva→ naagaraaja→mahaadeva).
Bilva →visva(whole;sarva,samasta ;sarpa-
snake)→ asva(bull ,elephant
,metal;avasa-sun,king)→aksha( snake,eye
,wheel ,5) →uksha(bull,kusa)→usha(dawn)→kusa(water,silk,darbha,bhuja,
usha) →kusaya(cup, bilva) ,
GokarNa/suvarNa/VisravaNa(hare/elephant→having
long/large ears,famous)→ →go(gold;hari-
gold,snake,tiger;hare)-hariNa(gold)/varNa(go-script).
paNa(sound) is paNa/rava/money.Hamba(maa-hum bellowing,roar,measure)/me(bleat,barter)→hinkaara(maa of tiger,lion;sound of the animals of paws/kausikas)→hunkaara
(hum sound of bow) indicate sound of the king
and angaara(fire)/srii/dahana/sikha and denote
aum .
Svar(sun,sky,sound,gold)→dvaara(door,hole )
→sarpa(snake ) → paNa/phaNa(money,ornament)→ kusa→ aja(Indra,king,ram,Aries)→ gaja(elephant)
→ vana(kusa-tree,water) → nabha(sky) → nava(praise,9)→ go(bull,sky,water,nine, eye)→ku/bhuu→hu(sacrifice).
Viirabhadra(viiraraaya)→bhadra(go-king,bull,sun)-viira(bera-body,vaara-tail,bhaara-weight)→Kubera→solar rays.
Sikha , ,3→ Visaakha(Skanda/Subramanya,Vishu)→ visikha(arrow
,pin , spade ,hoe ,knife,forked,having
horns(cf.go-sikha;kusa-sikha) ,a
beggar,spindle ,without the top knot or tuft of
hair,iron crow ,passage,street ,line of arrows
,vagina , etc.
GaNda(bubbles ,unicorn/rhino ,cheek
=malla;cihna-mark or black dot , )→elephant’s
cheek , →sinha(tiger) .
The Direction of reading of the inscriptions:Theseals are normally to be read in the right to left/tail to head direction.But there are exceptions also.
M172 sikha/kusa/go-sikha
/kusa(tree,lemon,raised hands)-sikha , , ,
/vana/paNa nava(8+1=9)/go(9) /paNa/ go
sikha hiiraka(gemstone)/Tanka(saaNa-4 Maashas;mint)/ vajra(diamond)/ paNa/phaNa.
Vajra(amla,sword,forked,vrisha,varsha) is arka/Indra/Kausika.
ashtaapada(gold) is bhadra(gold)/aksha/ahas(cf.eight yaamas make a day) . Ashtaapruusha (vedic weight,having eight drops) is ashta(ishta-desired)-puruda(gold,purusha-man ) also.It denotes two kausika/Karsha paNas/9 paNas. Go as eye is 2 andby itself is 9.
H188b Tree with railing indicate vana-
paNa-nava-kusa-usha /uksha/vanameTa/paNameTa ,
, , / bhadraasana (throne)/praveTa(barley).
H147a paNa/mukha/makha/go/kusa/nasta(nose)/malla(hero,
face)/gaNda(cheek,mark)/viira(hero)nakra(earring,rukma-gold)/ bhadra(king)/ netra(eye,king,Indra,sacrifice) /
maana(altar,measure)/Mena/miina , srii/mukha/makha/ harmya(hiraNya)/ vedi/daasi/ maana(altar,hearth),bhadra/3→ draviNa(gold)
paNa→ suvarNa→ tarpaNa(oblation)→ pa Natra-3→paNitRi(trader,seller)
This might be phaNa/paNa of nakra-3 numbers or simply the seal of a trader.
M453a paNa/go vaara/viira/barbhadra/nakra
gosikha/samastha(whole)/visva/ asva/asma/salka/shatka/ cakra/sukra/
sulka/vajra/ me(bleat,barter)/ raa/maa/svar/
naaga/ naka/kha/ha naaga/naka/phaNa/aksha/sa→
paNa viirabhadra/kubera/kausika/kubera
kausika kausika Menaka(mekhala/naka/nishka/hiraNyaaksha/Raavana/pavan).
8* 8=64 Rattis=Pavan=8 Meshas/maashas/8 grams.
M453b The deity sitting in bhadraasana or yogic/sikha padmaasana on a throne/paNameTa/vedi/with erect cobras(phaNameTa/paNameTa) and arka(paNa-worshipper,sun,copper,12) one holding a cup of oblation
(maaDa ) and another in harsha/sikhara (with
handsraised to go-the sky;go-sikha ) indicating Karsha/garja/paNa/harita(gold). The
phaNa +maaDa →paNameTa→vanameTa M460b →
H188b
MD -013 shows a horned deity(Kausika,Indra,Rudra),in sikhi yogic
posture ,on a throne(paNameTa/balivedi ) with hoofed legs(go-sikha/Kausika),surrounded by fish(go-sikha,Kausika/paNa/nabha),crocs(makra/nakra/rukma-gold,earring) and erect snakes(phaNameTa/ vanameTa/ paNameTa) etc.
H289a paNa/go kusa(lemon)-sikha =kausika/kubera/svarNa paada-4/vaara/bhaara/maada/meTa.
4 SuvarNas is one bilva or Pala.
H289b vaaraptra(leaf with a tail-sa+parNa-leaf,nripa-king→svarNa-gold,suvarNa-Karsha)/ viirabhadra/ kubera/Kausika/paNa patra(bhadra-king,gold).Vata(Fig) is Tu(gold).
M308 The tigers with the malla show
mallameTa/paNameTa. paashaaNa/paNa/Tola/go
Kausika/sikha/miina/maana(measure,altar,hema-
gold) 8 valla/vaara(cup,viira)dharaNa(weight of eight vallas/ten Palas)/bhadra(king,Indra)/sreNi(vedic trader groups).
PaNamaana is paNameTa.8 Vallas is DharaNa.Viirabhadra is Kubera.
H302b maana(measure,altar)/
Mena(ornament)/ masta(measured)/miina/go/na/kasikha/go/va 4,paada/vaara/viira/bera→ maapaNa(measure,weight)-4(Rattis/Karshas);
go(9)/paNa→ 5 + 4=9/nava
Go+paada→go-bhaara(king’s weight)→Kubera/Kausika.
Kubera is famous for his nava(paNa)nidhis(treasures).
Kubera is Viiraraaja/Viiraraaya/Mahaaviira/Jina.
M-1181 The deity on the hoofed
leg(go-sikha) throne(paNameTa ) is in the sikha(toe tip ;kausika,Gautama) yogic pose,with a head gear of buffalo horn(go -sikha),and Fig branch(Kusa-sikha/Tankaka/PaNavriksha),and hands
with sikha(feather ) /sikhara/harsha/harita(gold)/loha(roma-metal)/Karsha form.
The inscription reads go vaara
nri→Kubera/raaja/suvarNa ka/sa silpa/nishka/asma/asva/aarama/arka/karsha.
It is agolden silpa/nishka/Menaka/necklace.
M -304 Protosiva seal.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pashupati_seal
The deity has the gosikha(Kausika-Indra,Kubera,Rudra/Siva,VaruNa,Gautama,Visvamitra etc.) of waterbuffalo. He is seated in yogic posture/bhadraasana/padmaasana/sikha(tama/stuupacf.tip of the toe is sikhaand indicate Kausika/Gautama) aasana on a drumlegged throne .This drum is nakra/paNava indicating
paNavi(Rudra/Siva → ra-vi→sun→Menaka→hemaka-
gold bar→Kubera→ hiraNyaaksha/paNa/pavan-8 maashas/8 grams).The raised throne/sroNa/druma/mudra is maana (altar)/paNameTa.The hands of the deity is covered with roma harsha(sikhara-sikha-
bristling;sikhi-Indra,Rudra) , to indicate harita loha (gold metal)/Karsha weight.The deityis trimukha(threefaced) to indicate
sriimukha(king’s face,sun’s face ) and probably the sriimukha year(the seventh in the Jupiter cycle of 60 years) also.
A hariNa(deer) placed at the bottom of the throne indicate hariNa(mriga/rukma /hiraNya-gold/harmya-mansion).HariNa like the drum is nakra(Kundala –earring) also.The Tiger is Kausika and hari(Indra,Vishnu,gold).It is also bhaari(Tola)/garja(maa-roar,measure)/Karsha(weig
ht) etc. The elephant is garja/gaja(jaga-jaya-aja-aga-yaja-saya-haya-visva-sarva-samasta-sarpa-srava-drava etc.)/ kusa/ aksha/sikha/asva/naaga/ Karsha etc.Hari matches kaasara(buffalo) on the other side as kesara(hari-gold). Gaja matches unicorn on the other side as GaNda/ekadanta/canda etc.
Hari + maanava(man,maapana-scale) →gold maapana(weight of gold) →hariNa(gold-puruda-purusha )
Gaja is kusa/uksha/aksha/karsha/ ashta(naaga)/ bhadra(gold,king,Rudra),kesa(temple) , maatanga(Maa-Tanka,maasha-anka,mada-anga) etc.
The inscription is hariNa-hari/kausika-
-gaja/Tanka→ -unicorn-
buffalo.Pasu(animal) is vasu(gold) and mriga(animal) is rukma(gold).
pa/paNa/mukha/makha Na/gogomukha(croc,kausika,kosa,sitting in sikha,hole in a wall)/hemaka(gold bar)/nripa(king)→paNa-suvarNa/kubera→paNa-ravi/viira/vaara/bhaara→paNavii(Siva)
go-sikha/fish tail/ Kausika/paNa/ ta(tail)/ da(siva,gift,mountain,wife,basket on a sling,giving,offering) +
makara/nakra(croc,nasta-nose,earring,drum)/ haraNa(hand,hariNa-deer,gold))/karNa(ear,a king,hariNa)/ rukma(gold)/netra(eye,sacrifice,king,Indra,go )
purusha(man)/puruda(gold)/nri(king)/nara(man)/ hara(fire,ass,siva)/ anga(body)/ deha/(body)/ bera(body)/ bhaara(weight)/ vaara(tail,roof)/ viira(hero).
da ma na→paNa Kubera→damana(subduing fighter,malla,viira,Vishnu;savana-
sacrifice,panca-five) →madana(kaamadeva→vata(Figtree)→Tu(gold,kaamadeva/Menaka/kaamadhenu/surabhi/silpa/sabala/
salabha).
The rhino/unicorn being gaNda and the buffalo being maaD/meTa
the writIng becomes more clear.
-unicorn-buffalo is paNavii-malla-gaNda-meTa nishka/silpa/phaNa/paNa.
HariNa(deer) is gold/Menaka.
Kausika(tiger) puruda(man) is treasury gold bar.
Kausika(hari)+ sa(man)+asva(elephant)→haridasva(sun).
Hence the complete inscription indicate hariNa(hiraNya-vasu-gold)-haridasva(sun)-paNavii(siva)-damana(malla)-gaNda(rhino)-meTa(buffalo).
Thus this is a mallameTa yantra/nishka/silpa.
H182a karsha/Kausika/Hari/bhaari/Tola(tiger, va-Varuna→hari-Na) paNa(paNava/nakra/bhaara)
PaNa,go,mukha,makha,naaga,hema,
patra,karNa,nasta, gaja,aksha-5,visaakha vaara/viira/bhaara/aksha(10)
nakra(Kundala/phaNa,patra,bhadra-go) →
karsha paNa/Tola go/paNa viirabhadra/go→PaNa viira bhadra→Kubera paNa
→bhadraasana paNa → karsha paNa→ sa varNa→SuvarNa(Karsha of gold).This indicate the later measure or name of gold coin asVaraaha also.
H182b Panca(five,savanna-sacrifice,damana-malla,Vishnu) srii cakra(cycle) is sinha(tiger)- srii-Sakra/Kausika/Indra/Kausika Karsha/SuvarNa
itself. is suvarNa/anjali-2-PrasRita/smasaana(oblation) etcalso.Karsha is harita(gold) and garta(throne). SreNi(netra,ladder,trader group) is
Indra.Svastika( ) is
su-vasati/meTa/harmya/dhishaNa (go-guru,bowl,cup,dwelling,goblet,hymn) and is dvija(Brahman-srii)-sikha(sikhi-brahman-srii) /Gaayatri(jaya-sun,srii-sun)/Savitri(dvi-srii;ravi-srii) also.
H306a go/paNa/phaNa/naka/mukha/makha viira
bhadra/nakra/go→Kubera paNa→suvarNa/Anjali
cf.2 Palas =1 PrasRita .2 prasRitas=1 Anjali
.
H306b vaara/viira/bhadra/bar/15paNa/go/bhadra/Yava→viirabhadra/kubera/Kausika/dravya/ draviNa(gold)/sravaNa(ear,svarNa-gold) .15 Yava/5 Rattis is the gold maasha/1 gram of gold.
M1429a go sikha masta paNa
dharaNa pa Na→ Kausika masta(measured)
paNa(money) DharaNa 8* 6 paNa/paNameTa/48grains
DharaNa is 8 Vallas/48 grains.
maana+ va/pa is maanava/maapana/scale.DharaNa/dhaTa is also a
scale.Thus + + → paNameTa.Kausika/Kubera
is Indra.DharaNa is Indra. go bera is Kubera/Kusa/uksha/usha/Indra.
Kusa(water,lemon) being Usha(dawn)/Kuja/aksha(eye,snake)/ahas(aha/ahna/day) Aja(king,Indra,ram,Aries)/kusaya(bowl,bilva)/udaya(sunrise)/
raksha(salvation)/rakta(blood) water/blood is sprinkled to drive away evil spirits-darkness/
to purify with light.Hence kusa+sula+rakta ,
, is worshipped from time immemorial in Harappa /Bhaarata to this day.
svarNa(karsha paNa) nri,aksha,karsha
paNa 3 paNa,karsha(draviNa)→ karsha
paNa aksha,bhadraasana paNa draviNa
m1429b naava (boat,crow,new grain,new monk;crow-n;drone-crow,dharaNa-taraNi-sun,boat;traaNa-protection),paNa(praise,money,bet,sun)
m1429c go/sa-nakra/musali→gokarNa(Sankara/Siva,VisravNa,Kubera,snake,go-mudra-king’s seal)/rukma/hariNa/ paNa .Kubera/Dhanada was invoked as the god of wealth.Siva as sva(wealth)is god of wealth
himself.
M478a Kusa/usha/druu/srii/vana/paNaarka(worshipper,copper,12)/paNa/maaaDa(weight)
→paNameTa gopaada→go(nava,9)→Kubera/Kausikha man in tree-
maaDa/kausika(9)/vanameTa/paNameTa→
kharjura(silver)/panca(5)/Maasha paNa(sound,money,trade,price,weight)/paNameLa.There is three
paNameTas in this silpa/nishka/phaNa.
M478b malla meLa/malla yaatra/druubhedi/ Bhiima/sriivedi/balivedi/mallameTa/paNameTa man on tree/kausika/bhadraasana/throne Tiger/kausika/sinha/panca(5)/garja/Karsha/hari/h
arita
paNa vaara/go paNa/Kubera/kausika/paNameTa.
G8a bhadra(auspicious,gold,king,paatra/kusa)/ go(cow,star,auspicious,subha,bhuja-hand)/nakra(earring)/ Anjali/paNa(praise,welcome).
H-3305 The deity is nagna/gaNaka/kanaa/agna/naga(the sun).She stands
on sikha /tama/stuupa (tip of toe)
near the go/mukha/makha/paNa indicating
kausika (Indra,Rudra,Bhadra,Durga, Kubera, VaruNa, Visvamitra etc.).
Also the sikha(hands) are raised to the sky
to indicate kausika/kusa/Usha(vedic goddess,Durga,Bhadra).
me(bleat,ram,barter)→ maa(bellow,roar,go;measure;Laxmi)→ maana(vedi
, measure)/masta(measured,head)/Mena(Vrishan
asva ) /miina(fish,Pisces)/nayana(eye)/go(eye,sky,star)
→maanava(man-→maana -va- bull,tiger
,hand ,water ) →maapaNa(scale) →paNameTa. Harsha(erection,mada)/ sikhara(bristling) is mudra/surata/paNameTa also.Kausika/Indra/Kubera is Indira(Laxmi).God of wealth is goddess of wealth.
M066 Unicorn is
Vrishanasva/Mena/hema. Mallakasamputa is paNameTa.
paNa/go karsha/viira/vaara/bhaara
Tanka(mint,4 Maashas,spade) /panca(five)/
savana(sacrifice)/Damana/malla/bhadraasana go-
vaara/Kubera/kausika/paNa me/svar/go/ suvarNa
sikha/praveta(barley) sikha/gosikha/netra
paNa(paNa being vana has netra-roots,king) kausika/Kubera/raaja(king)/ maatra/Maasha
rukma(gold)/bharma(gold)→ PaNa karsha
panca suvarNa is Pala. shows three Kausikas/Gaayatri. indicate suvarNa/aja(Indra,naka).
M892 paNa nakra/rukma→suvarNa
DharaNa(8 Vallas/10
Palas,Indra,sun)/meTa(tower);
Gandhaara/pancaala/paNameTa→ , , , .
Kausika/bharma/suvarNa. hiraNyaaksha/ RaavaNa/
Mena/Menaka/kanaka/paNavii rukma(gold)/nakra(nose,croc,earring)/nasta(nose)/masta
(measured,head)/go bera/viira/sena/vaara/bhaara/bar
This is a paNameTa/mallameTa of suvarNa kubera/goldbar.
M665 paNameTa/praveta(barley)
bharma me/go sikha/praveta(barley cf. also)
paNameTa danta/na/naka/phaNa/caNda/dvaara-
na/svarNa /daNda /dasam(ten) paNa/go/mukha/
makha akshapaNa/paNameTa. suvarNa= kanaka/kanaka(gold)/gaNaka(kausika/scribe).
