( \)'

(rr (3)'.{Lft}

UNIVERSITY OF'CALICUT(Abstract)

MSc prograrnme in Chemistry under Credit Semester System (PG) Scheme andSyllabus -approved -implemented-with effect from 2010 admission Orders-issued.

GENERAL & ACADEMTC BRANCH.IV 'J' SECTION

No. GA lYlJ2l4684l10 Dated, Calicut lJniversity PO, 30 .07.2010

Read: 1 . U.O.No. GAIV/JI 11373108 dated, 23.07 .2010.2.ltemno.2 of the minutes of the meeting of the Board of Studies in

Chemistry held on 21.06.2010

ORDER.

As per University Order read as first, Credit Semester System was

implemented to PG programmes in affiliated Arts and Science Colltges and SelfFinancing Centres of the University with effect from 2010 admission onwards.

The Board of Studies in Chemistry ,vide paper read as second, considered the

number of courses to be offered ,course content, evaluation and grading,etc of the

MSc. Chemistry programme of affiliated colleges trnder CSS pattern to be

implemented from the academic year 2010-1 1. The recommendations of the Board

in respect of courrses to be offered for M.Sc Chemistry under CSS and the syllabus

were also finalized.The Vice-Chancellor has approved the minutes subject to ratification by the

Academic Council.Sanction has therefore been accorded for inrplenrenting the scheme and

Syllabus of l't Semester of MSc programme in Chernistry with effect from 2010

admission.orders are issued accordingly. Scheme and syllabus appended.

sd/-DEPUTY REGISTRAR (G & A I\r)

I Por REGISTRARTo

The Principals of affiliated Colleges offering MSc prograrnme i'- Chemistry

Copy to:PS to VC, PA to Registrar, chairman, B/s chemistry, cE, Ex, DRIII, DR,

PG,EGI, Enquiry,System Administrator with a request to uploatl in the

University website, Information Centres, G ' 'G'GAII,ilForwarded/BY

Desktop/Saj i/chemi stry 4684

NO CER.

LtionfuK tl u'o 6lrv[stl r+LBq\to Au 3o'o-]'to'

UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT

M.Sc. CHEMISTRY (CSS PA.TTERN)

Regulations and Syllabuswith effect from 2010 admission

Preamble

The Board of Studies in Chemistry (PG) at its meeting held on

21.O6.2Ot0 considered the introduction of Credit Semester System (CSS) inaffiliated colleges for the PG programmes in Chemistry and resolved toimplement the CSS pattern from 2010 admission onwards. The revised course

pattern, syllabus, distribution of credits and scheme of evaluation, etc.

approved by the Board are given below:

1. Course Pattern

(a) The name of the course shall be M.Sc. Chemistry under CSS pattern.

&) The course shall be offered in four semesters within a period of two

academic years.

(c) Eligibility for ad,mission wiII be as per the rules laid down by the

University from time to time-

(d) Course pattern: AII courses offered in the first two semesters are core

courses. The instruction hours per week and number of credits of these

courses are given in Table 1. Examination of the theory papers will be

conducted ui th" end of each semester- Examination for the 1't and 2"d

semester practical courses will be conducted at the end of second

semester. In Third, semester two core theory papers (4 x 2 = 8 credits)

and one elective theory (4 credits) and three core practicals (3x2 = 6cred.its). In the fourth semester one core paper (4 credits) and two

elective papers (4x2 = 8 credits). A research project having 8 credits is

included in IV Semester (Table 2). Practical Examination will be

conducted at the end of IV Semester. I ,

Detailed. syllabus of the frrst semester courses are given below'

TABLE I

CoursesofferedforM.Sc.ChemistryProgrammeunderCCSSinAffiliated Colleges

Course Title

Theoretical Chemistry I

Instruction/Week

CreditsCourseCode

4 4

EfEIF.taf-l

rI1a

CH1CO1

Inorsanic Chemistry I 4 4CH1CO2

Orsanic ChemistrY I 4 4CH1CO3

Inorganic ChemistrY Ptttlgl I 4CHlPO1

CH1PO2 Oreanic Chemistry Practical I 4

4CHlPO3 Phvsical ChemistrY Practical I

Total Credits (Core) t2

4 4CH2CO4 Theoretical ChemistrY II

4 4

p1f-]Hafrl

tEIa

CH2CO5 Phvsical Chemistry I

Oreanic Chemistry II 4 4CH2CO6

4 4cH.zPO4 Inorsanic Practical I

4 4CHzPO5 Oreanic Practical I

4 4CH2PO6 Phvsical Practical I

24Total Credits (Core)

4 4

frF-lErafrl

t-Ia

CH3CO7 Phvsical ChemistrY II4 4

CH3CO8 Inorsanic ChemistrY II

Inorsanic Practicals III | 4 2CH3PO7

4 2CH3PO8 Orsanic Practicals III

Physical Practicals III 4 2CH3PO9

4 4Svnthetic Organic ChemistrY

4 4Natural Products4 4

CH3EO3 Polymer ChemistrY

4 4CH3EO4

Instrumental Methods ofAnalysis TheorY

Total Credits - Core

Elective

t44

F4frlErafrlzE.Ia

CH4CO9 4 4

CH4EO5 Computational Chemistry 4 4

CH4EO6 Solid State ChemistrY 4 4

CH4EO7 Industrial CatalYsis 4 4

CH4EO8 Bioinorganic ChemistrY 4 4

CH4EO9 Organometallic Chemistry 4 4

CH4PrOlResearch Project and VivaVoce

L2 8

Total Credits - Core

ElectiveProject

4

8

8

TOTAL CREDITS OF THEPROGRAMME

CORE 54

ELECTIVE t2

PROJECT 8

Advanced Topics in Chemistry

7

UNI\MRSITY OF CALICUTM.SC. CHEMISTRY - SEMESTBR I

CHICO1 - THEORETICAL CHEMISTRY - I (4 Credits) (72 h)

[Contents : Quantum Mechanics (8 units)]

UNIT I : The Foundations of Quantum Mechanics (9 h)

Historical background of quantum mechanics.

Detailed discussion of postulates of quantum mechanics - Statefunction or wave function postulate, Born interpretation of the wavefunction, weII behaved functions, orthonormality of wave functions;Operator postulate, operator algebra, linear and nonlinear operators,

, Laplacian operator, Hermitian operators and their properties, eigenfunctions and eigen values of an operator; Eigen value postulate, eigenvalue equation, eigen functions of commuting operators; Expectationvalue postulate; Postulate of time-dependent Schr<idinger equation ofmotion, conservative systems and time-independent Schr<idingerequation.

UMT II : Quantum mechanics of translational & vibrational motions(e h)

Particle in a one-dimensional box with infinite potential walls,important features of the problem; Free particle in one-dimension;Particle in a one-dimensional box with frnite potential walls (or particlein a rectangular well) - tunneling; Particle in a three dimensional box,separation of variables, degeneracy.

One-dimensional harmonic oscillator (complete treatment):- Method ofpower series, Hermite equation and Hermite polynohials, recursionrelation, wave functions and energies, important features of theproblem, harmonic oscillator model and molecular vibrations.

UMT III : Quantum mechanics of Rotational motion (9 h)

Co-ordinate systems:- Cartesian, cylindrical polar and spherical polarcoordinates and their relationships.

Rigid rotator (complete treatment): The wave equation in sphericalpolar coordinates, planar rigid rotor (or particle on a ring), the Phi-equation, solution of the Phi-equation, handling of imaginary wavefunctions, wave functions in the real form; Non-planar rigid rotor (orparticle on a sphere), separation of variables, the Phi-equation and theTheta-equation and their solutions, Legendre and associated Legendreequations, Legendre and associated Legendre polynomials, Rodrigue's

4

formula, spherical harmonics (imaginary and real forms), polar

diagrams of spherical harmonics.

Quantizatiort of angular momentum, quantum mechanical operators

.or.".porrding to anlular momenta ((L*, 1*', L*), commutation relations

between these operators, spherical harmonics as eigen functions of

angular momentum operators L & L*, Ladder operator method for

angular moqentum, space quantization'

UNIT IV : Quantum Mechanics of Hydrogen-like Atoms (9h)

Potential enerry of hydrogen-like systems, the wave equation inspherical polar-coordinates, separation of variables, the R, Theta and

Phi equations and their solutions, LagUerre and associated Laguerre

polynomials, wave functions and energies of hydrogen-Iike atoms,

orbit"h, radial functions and. radial distribution functions and theirplots. angular functions (spherical harmonics) and their plots' The

postulate .of spin by Uhlenbeck and Goudsmith, Dirac's relativisticequation for hydrogen atom and discovery of spin (qualitative

trlatment), spin orbiLls, construction of spin orbitals from orbirals and

spin functions.

UNIT V : Approximate methods in quantum mechanics (9 h)

Many-body problem and the need of approximation methods;

Independent pa*icle model; Variation method - variation theorem withprooi illustration of variation theorem using a trial function [e.9.,

x (a-*)] for particle in a lD-box and using the trial function e il for.the

hydrogen uio*, variation treatment for the ground state of helium

atom; Perturbation method - time-independent perturbation method

(non-degenerate case only), illustration by application to particle in a

ID-box with slanted. bottom, perturbation treatment of the ground state

of the helium atom.

UNIT VI : euant'um mechanics of many-electron atoms (9 h)

Hartree Self-Consistent Field method for atoms; Spin orbitals for many

electron atoms, symmetric and antisymmetric wave functions; Pauli's

antisymmeiry principle; Slater determinants; Hartree-Fock SeIf-

Consistent .field GF-SCF) method for atoms, Hartree-Fock equations

(derivation not required) & the Fock operator; Roothan's concept of

basis functions - Slater type orbitals (sTo) and Gaussian type orbitals

(Gro). .

uMT VII : Chemical bonding in diatomic molecule (9 h) i

schrcidinger equation for a molecule, Born oppenheimer

approxim"ation; Valence Bond (\trB) theory - VB theory of Hz molecule,

singlet and triplet state functions (spin orbitals) of Hz; Molecular

orbital (MO) theory - MO theory of Hz+ ion, MO theory of Hz molecule,

MO treatment of homonuclear diatomic molecules - Liz, Bez, Cz, Nz, 02& Fz and hetero nuclear diatomic molecules - IjII, CO, NO & HF, bondorder, correlation diagrams, non-crossing rule; Spectroscopic termsymbols for diatomic molecules; Comparison of MO and VB theories.

UNIT VIII : Chemical Bonding in polyatomic molecules (9 h)

Hybridization quantum mechanical treatment of sp, spz & sp3

hybridisation; Semi empirical MO treatment of planar conjugatedmolecules Hiickel Molecular Orbital (HMO) theory of ethylene,butadiene & allylic anion, charge distributions and bond orders fromthe coefficients of IIMO, calculation of free valenee, HMO theory ofaromatic hydrocarbons (benzene); formula for the roots of the Htckeldeterminantal equation, Frost-Hiickel circle mnemonic device for cyclicpolyenes.

References

1. F.L. Pilar, Elementary Quanturn Chemistry, McGraw-HiII, 1968.

2. I.N. Levine, Quanturn Chernistry,6th Edition, Pearson Education Inc.,2009.

3. I.N. Levine, Student Solutions Manual for Quantum Chemistry 6rh

fldition, Pearson Education Inc., 2009.

4. P.W. Atkins and R.S. Friedman, Molecular Quantum Mechanics, 4th. Edition, Oxford University Press, 2005.

5. M-W. Hanna, Quantum Mechanics in Chernistry, 2"a Edition, W.A.Benjamin Inc., 1969.

Donald, A. McQuarrie, Quantum Chemistry, IJniversity Science Books,1983 (frrst Indian edition, Viva books, 2003).

Thomas Engel, Quantum Chemistry & Spectroscopy, PearsonEducation, 2006.

8. J.P. Lowe, Quantum Chemistry, 2nd Edition, Academic Press Inc., 1993.

9. Horia Metiu, Physical, Chemistry - Quantum Mechanics, Taylor &Francis, 2006.

10. A.K. Chandra, Introduction to Quantum Ch,emistry, 4th Edition, TataMcGraw-Hill, 1994.

11. L. Pauling and E.B. Wilson, Introductiott. to Quantum Mechanics,lMcGraw-Hill, 1935 (A good source book for many derivations).

12. R.L. Flurry, Jr., Quanhtm Chemistry, Prentice Hall, 1983.

6.

7.

6

t

13. R.K. Prasad, Quantum Chemistry,3'd Edition, New Age International,2006.

14. M.S. .Pathania, Quantum Chemistry and Spectroscopy (Problems &Solutions), Vishal Publications, 1984.

15. C.N. Datta, Lectures on Chemical Bonding and Quantum Chenistry,Prism Books Pvt. Ltd., 1998.

16. Jack Simons, An Introduction to Theoretical Chemistry, CambridgeUniversity Press, 2003.

7

UNIT

UNIT

UNIT

i)

ii)

UNIVERSITY OF CALICUTM.Sc. CHEMISTRY _ SEMESTER I

CH1CO2 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - I (72 hours)

CREDTT 4 (4 HOURSAnmEK)

I:(9h)Acid base theories - strength of acids and bases, Factors governing acidstrength, solvent leveling, effect of hard and soft acids and bases, superacids, chemistry of non aqueous solvents - liquid NHs, SOz, HzSOa andHF. Heterogeneous acid-base reactions - surface acidity, Solid andmolten acids in industrial processes.

Ir (e h)

Electron d.efi.cient compound.s - synthesis, reactions, structure andbonding. Boron hydrides, styx numbers, Boron cluster compounds,Wade's rule, Hydroborate anions, Organoboranes and hydroboration,Polyhedral anions, Carboranes, Metalloboranes, Borazines and Borides.

IrI (18 h)

Standard reduction potentials and their diagrammatic representationsEllingham diagram. Latimer and Frost diagram. Pourbaux diagrams.Metallic corrosion and passivity, Isopoly and heteropoly anions of earlytransidion metals.

Phosphorus-nitrogen compounds, Phosphazene-cyclo and linearphosphazenes. Phosphorus-sulphur compounds. Sulphur-nitrogencompounds ring and chain compounds, SzHz, SaNa, SN cations andanions - synthesis, structure, bonding and uses.

iii) Silicates and alumino silicates structure. Zeolites, SiliconesSynthesis, structure and applications. Carbides and silicides.

UNIT rV (e h)

Errors and treatment of analytical data, limitations of analyticalmethods, accuracy and precision, classifrcation and minimization oferrors, significant frgures, standard deviation, statistical treatment ofdata, students tests, confidence limit, Q test, Method of least squares.

uNrT v (e h)

Theory Indicators, Acid-base, redox, absorption, complexometric andluminescent indicators, Titrations in non-aqueous solvents, Complexfbrmation titrations, Principles of gravimetric analysis, Formation andproperties of precipitates, Co-precipitation, Precipitation from

8

homogeneous solution, Washing of the precipitate, ignition of theprecipitate, Fractional precipitation, Organic precipitants-

UNIT \rI (e h)

Introduction to co-ordination Chemistry Stereochemistry ofcoordination compounds. Formation constants, factors influencingstability, methods of determination of stability constants, stabilizationof unusual oxidation states. Chelate-macrocyclic and template effects,

ambidentate and macrocyclic ligands. Valence bond theory and itslimitations.

UNIT \rlr (e h)

The crystal freld and ligand field theories, orbital splitting inoctahed.ral, tetrahed.ral and square planar fields. Factors affecting

crystal field splitting, spectrochemical and nephelauxetic series, Racah

parameters, Jahn-Teller effect, MO theory - composition of Iigandgroup orbitals. MO diagram of complexes with and without pi-bonding.

The f-orbitals and f-block complexes

References

D.F. Shriver, P.W. Atkins and C.H. Langford, Inorganic Chemistry,

ELBS, 1990.

J.E. Huheey, e.A. Keiter and R.L. Keiter, Inorganic Chemistry,

Principles, Structure and Reactiuity, Pearson Education, 1990.

F.A. Cotton and G. Wilkinson, Aduanced Inorganic Chemistry, 5th

Edition, John Wiley and Sons, 1988.

B. Douglous, D.H. McDanials and J.J. Alexander, Concepts a,nd Models

in Inorganic Chemistry, Oxford and IBH Publishing Co.Pvt. Ltd-, 1965'

L.V. Azaroff,Introduction to Solids, McGraw HiIl, NY, 1960'

G.H. Jeffery, J. Bassett, J. Mendham and R.C. Denny, Vogel's Text book

of Quantitatiue Chemicals An'alysis, 5th Edition, ELBS, 1989'

Skoog, West and Holler, Fund,amentals of Arualytical Chenustry, 8rh

Edition, Thomson and Brooks,2004-

C.E. Houecroft, Cluster molecules of p-bloch elements. Oxford Scientifrc

Publications, 1994.

9. D. Sutton, Electronic Spectra of Transition Metal Complexes, McGraw

HiIl, 1968.

J.C. Blair, Jr. (Ed.), The Chemistry of Coordination Compounds,

Reinhold Pub. Cor., 1960.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

10.

9

11.

72.

L.F. Lindoy, The Chemistry of Macrocyclic Ligands and Complexes,Cambridge University Press, 1989. I

J.D. Lee, Concise Inorganic Chemistry, sth Edition, Oxford UniversityPress, 2008.

Wahid U Malik, G.D. TuIi, R.D. Madan, Selected Topics in InorganicChemistry, S. Chand and Company Reprint 2009.

10

UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT

M.SC. CHEMISTRY - SEMESTER ICH1COB -,ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - I (4 Credits) (72 h\

UNITI:(10h)

Delocalized chemical bonding, Electron Delocalization, Resonance andAromaticity: Qualitative application of Huckel Mo theory andperturbatiori theory to systems containing delocalized electrons.Delocalized electrons and Resonance, Resonance hybrid and resonance

energy. Criteria for Aromaticity and Antiaromaticity, MO description ofAromaticity and Aatiaromaticity. Homoaromaticity, Mobius twist and

Aromaticity. Aromaticity of Annuelens and heteroannulenes,Fullerines, and fused ring systems. Stability of benzylic cations and

radicals. Effect of delocalized electrons on pKa-

Hydrogen bond.ing:

Inter- and. intramlecular hydrogen bonding. Range of the enerry ofhydrogen bonding. Effect of hydrogen bond on conformation, physical

and chemical properties of organic compounds, vilatility, acidity,

basicity and stability of hydrates of carbonyl compounds. Stabilizationof hyd.rates of glyoxal and chloral, and ninhydrin. High acid strength ofmaleic acid compared to fumaric acid.

UNIT II : (10 h)

Basic concepts in the study of organic reaction mechanisms:

Application of Experimental criteria to mechanistic studies,

Thl.modynamic and. kinetic data, Curtius-Hammet principles, Kinetic

versus thermod.ynamic control. Acidity constant, Hammet acidity

function. Reactive intermediates and their characterizatin. Isotope

effect (tabelin g experiments), stereochemical correlations.

Neighbouring group participation, participation of carboxylate ion,

halogen, hydroxyl Broup, acetoxy souP, phenyl group and pi-bond.

Structure and reactivity, Transition state theory, Potential enerry vs

Reaction co-ordinate curve, Substituent effects (inductive, mesomeric,

ind.uctomeric, electomeric and freld. effects) on reactivity. Qualitativestudy of substitution effects in SN1-SN2 reactions. Semiquantitativestudy of substituent effects on the -_acidity

of carboxylic acids'

euantitative correlation of substituent effects on reactivity. Linear free

enerry relationships. Hammet and Taft equation for polar efl,ects and

Taft's steric, substituent constant for steric effect.

11

References: (Unit I and II)

1. J. March, Aduanced organic ch,emistry, 4th Edition, John wiley andSons, 1992.

2- T.H. Lowry and K.s. Richardson, Mechan\sm and rheory in organicChemistry, Harper Collins, 1987.

3. F.A. carey and R.J. sundberg, Aduanced organic chem,istry (parts A &B), 3.a Edition, Plenum Press, 1990.

4- R.A.Y. Jones, Physical and Mechanistic Organic Chemistry, CambridgeUniversity Press, 1979.

UNIT III : Isomerism-I (10 h)

Concept of Chirality, Recognition of symmetry elements and chiralstructures, conditions for optical activity, optical purity, specificrotation and its variation in sign and magnitude under differentconditions, Relative and absolute confrgurations, Fisher projectionformula, Sequence rule - R and S notations in cyclic and acyclicc;ompounds.

Optical isomerism of compounds containing one or more asymmetriccarbon atoms, Enantiotopic, Homotopic, Diastereotopic hyd.rogen atoms,Prochiral centre.

Optical isomerism in Biphenyls, Allenes and Nitrogen and Sulphurcompounds, conditions for optical activity, R and s notations.

Restricted rotation in biphenyls - Molecular overcrowd.ing. Chiralitydue to folding of helical structures.

Geometrical isomerism - E and Z notation of compounds with one andmore double bonds in acyclic systems. Methods of d."t"r*ination of theconfiguration of geometrical isomers in acyclic acid cyclic systems, interconversion of geometrical isomers.

stereochemistry of Aldoximes and ketomines - Naming - isomerism -methods of determining configurations.

UNIT IV : Isomerism-Il (10 h)

Asymmetric Synthesis

The chiral pool: Alpha amino acids in the synthesis of benzodiazepines,carbohydrates (!enzyl D mannose to Swainsonine/preparation oftomolol from D-mannitol), Felkin-Ahn model and Cramis chelationt:ontroI.

t2

r

Chiral auxili,aries: Oxazolid'inones, Chiralreduction of ketones, Camphor derivativeradical reactions.

sulfoxides in controlling thein Dieis Alder reaction and

Chiral reagents: BINOL, tartrates, Iithium di(l-phenyl ethyl) arnide'

Chiral catalysts: Rhodium and ruthenium ca'talysts with chiral

phosphine ligands like (R)BINAP, (R,R)DIOP'

Enzymatic methods using enzymes'

References

1. J. March, Ad,uanced, organic chemistry, 4th Edition, John wiley and'

Sons, L992.

2. Nasipuri, stereochemistry of organic compounds, 2'd Edition, New Age

International-

3.Kalsi,stereochemistryoforganicCompou,lr,ds,WileyEastern.

4. J. Clayden, N. Greeves, S. Warren and P. Wothers, organic Chemistry,

Oxford UniversitY Press, 2001'

5. E. EIieI and s.H. wilen, stereochemistrl' of organic compourzds' John

WiIeY, 1994-

UNIT V : Conformational Analysis - Part I

Difference between confrguration and confrrmation' Internal factors

affecting the stability of molecules - dipole interaction, bond opposition

strain, bond. angle strain. Perspective and Newman projections -rformations- Conformation of acyclic

re, alkene dih.alides,glycols, chloro

o and' threo isomers, aldehYdesand

Interconversion of axial and' equatorial bonds in chair conformation -distance between the various Ii atoms and C atoms in both chair and

boat conformations' Monosubstcyclohexanes flexible an

disubstituted cYclohexanes (1:

substituted cYclohexanone-hexanone,(cis&trans),2-bromo-4,4-dimethylcyclohexanone.Anchoring group and conformaof 1:4 cis and trans disubstitsubstituent is l-butYl and theiof an axial or equatorial s

adamentane, sucrose and lactose'

13I

t/

,l,/

UNIT VI : Conformational Analysis - Part 2

Effect of conformation on the course and rate of reactions in (a)Debromination of dl and meso 2,3-dibromobutane or stilbene dibromideusing K[. (b) Semipinacolic deamination of erythro and threo l,Z-diphenyl-1-(p-chlorophenyl)-2-amino ethanol. (c),Action of methylmagnesium bromide on 2-phenylpropionaldehyde (Stereo chemicaldirection of asymmeetric induction). (d) Dehydrohalogination ofstilbenedihalide (dl and meso) and erythreo threo- bromo-1,2-diphenylpropane.

Effect of conformation on the course and rate of reactions incyclohexane systems illustrated by: (a) Sr.r2 and SNl reactions for (i) anaxial substituent, and (ii) an equatorial substituent in flexible ana rigiasystems. @) 81, E2 eliminations illustrated 'by the followingcompounds. (r) 4-t-Butylcyclohexyl tosylate (cis and trans) (ii) i-Phenylcyclohexanol (cis and trans) (iir) Menthyl and neomenthylchlorides and benzene hexachlorides. (c) Pyrolytic elimination of esters(cis elimination) (d) Semipinacolic deamination of cis and trans-2-aminocyclohexanol (e) Esterffieation of axial as well as equatorialhydroxyl and hydrolysis of their esters in rigid and flexible systems.(Compare the rate of esterification of methanol, isomenthol, neomentholand neoisomenthol). (0 Esterffication of axial as well as equatorialcarboxyl groups and hydrolysis of their esters. (g) Hy&olysis of axialand equatorial tosylates. (h) Oxid.ation of secondary axial andequatorial hydroxyl group to ketones by chronic acid.

UNIT VII : (10 h)

(i) Reactions of Carbon-heteromultiple bonds (g h)

Addition of carbon-oxygen multiple bond: Addition of water, alcohols,amines and hydrazine. Aldol, Perkin, Clainson, Dieckmann, Stobbe andbenzoin condensation. Darzons, Knoevenagel, Reformatosky, wittig,cannizaro, Mannich and prins reactions. Mpv reduction u.rdOppenaur oxidation. Cram's rule. Hydrolysis, alcoholysis and reductionof nitriles- Ritter reactin and rhorpe cond.ensation.

(ii) Esterification and Hydrolysis (2 h)

Mechanism of Ester hydrolysis and esterifrcation, Acyl-oxygen and alkyloxygen cleavage.

Esterification of axial and equatorial alcohols and acids theirhydrolysis.

References

1- J. March, Aduanced organic chemistry, lth Edition, John wiley andSons, 1992.

14

Morrison & Boyd, Organic Chemistry, Prentice Hall-

F.A. Carey and R.J. Sundberg, Aduanced Organic Chenistry *Parts A &B), 3.d Edition, P1enum Press, 1990.

4. E.S. Gould,, Mechanism and structure in organic chemistry, Holt,Rinehart and Winston, 1959.

UNIT VIII : Introduction to Polymer Chemistrv (10 h)

Principles of polymerization, Classes of polyrners, Synthetic and

biopolymers.

Synthetic polYmers:

Chain reaction polymerization and step reaction polymer:ization-

Linear, crosslinked and network polymers. Copolymers, Free-radical

and ionic polymerization. Natural and synthetic rubbers.

Biopolymers:

Primary, secondary and tertiary structure of proteins, solid phase

peptide synthesis, Protecting groups, Sequence determination ofp"ptia". and proteins, Structure and synthesis of glutathione, Structure

of RNA and DNA, Structure of cellulose and starch, Conversion of

cellulose to RaYon.

References

1. saunders , organ,ic Polymer chemistry, chapman and HalI.

2. s.H. Pine, J.B. Hendrickson, D.J. Cram and G.s. Hammond, organic

chemistry, McGraw HiIl International Book company, 1981.

3. I.L. Finar, organic chem.istry, vo}. II, 5th Edition, ELBS, 1975.

4. Jordean, The Chemistry of Nucleic Acids, Buttorworths.

15

UNIVERSITY OF CALICUTM.Sc. CHEMISTRY _ SEMESTER I

CHIPO2 - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY -I (z Credits)

UNIT I : Laboratory Techniques

Methods of Separation and Purification of Organic Compoundsfractional, steam and low-pressure distillations, fractionalcrystallisation and sublimation.

UNIT II : Separation and identification of the components of organicbinary mixtures.

Analysis of about ten mixtures, some of which containing compoundswith more than one functional group.

References

1. B.s. Furnis, A.J. Hannaford, p.w.G. Smith and A.R. Tatchell, vogel,sTextbook of Practical organic chemistry, ELBS/Longman, 1ggg.

2- shriner, Fuson and cartin, systematic Id,entification of organicCompounds,1,g14.

3. Fieser, Experiments in Organic Chemistry, lgb7.

4- Dey, sitaraman and Govindachari, A Laboratory Manual of organicChemistry, 3.a Edition, 1g57.

5. P-R. singh- D.c. Gupta and K.s. Bajpal, Experimental organicChemistry, Vol. I and II, 1990.

6. Vishnoi, Practical Organic Chemistry.

16

\

UNIVERSITY OF CALICUTiVT.S.. CUPNTTSTRY - SEMESTER I

CHlPO1 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY -l (2 Credits)

UNIT ISeparationandid.entifrcationoffourmetalionsofwhichtwoarelessfamiliarelementslikeW'"S"-tt'tvto'Ce'-Th'Tr'Zt'V'UandLi'(Eliminating acid. rad,icals ,ro1 pr"*nt). confrrmation by spot tests'

UNIT IIVolumetric Determinations using:

(a) EDTA (Al' Ba' Ca' Cu' Fe' Ni' Co' hardness of water)

&) CerimetrY (Fe2*' nitrite)

(c) Potassium Iodate (Iodide' Sn2*)

References

1.G.H-Jeffery,J'Basseett'J'MendhamandR'C'Denny'Vogel'sTextbookofQuantitatiueChemi'"ii""lysis'SthEdition'ELBS'1989'

2.D.A.SkoogandD.M,We;t,AnalyticalChernistry,Anlntroduction,4rhEdition, CLs p"ufishing Japan Ltd'' 1986'

3.E.J.Meehan,S.BruckensteinandI.M.KolthoffandE.B.Sandell,Quontiti,ti*-' chemic at A;;;;;;;, JJ B aition, The M acmillan Comp anv'

1969.

4.R.A.Day(Jr.)andA.L.Underwood,QuantitatiueAnalysis,6thEdition,Prentice HaIl of India' 1993'

17

--!

UNTVERSITY OF CALICUTM.Sc. CHEMISTRY - SEMESTER I

cHIpoB - pHysrcAl cHEMrsTRy - r (z credits)

UNIT r : sorubility and Heat of solution (2 experiments)1' Determination of molar heat of sorution of a substance (e.g., ammoniumffirXhilf,.;ffi

acid) from .otruiilt-v- irr, - anarytital- method and

UNIT II : phase Equilibria (B experiments)1'(a) Determination of phase

-diagram of a simple eutectic system (e.g.,.,\laphthalene _ Biphenyl, Napirtf,ut.;; _ Diphenyl amine)(b) Determination of the composition of a binary sorid mixture.2' Determination of phase diagram of a binary sorid system forming acompound (e. g., Naphtharene-m-dinitrobenzene)-UNIT III : Viscosity (2 experiments)1' \/iscosity of mixtures - verification of Kendall,s equation (e.g., benzene-nitrobenzene, water- alcohol)2'

,'jl"r_Tr':ation of molecular weight of a polymer (e.g., polystyrene in

UNIT IV: Distribution Law (B experiments)1' Ilretermination of distribution coefficient of Iz between ccla and Hzo.2. Determination of equrlibrium constant of KI * Iz = Kls.3. Determination of concentration of KI solution.References

1' I' Finlay, practicar physicar chemistry. Longman,s Green & co.2' A'M' James, Practical Physical chemistry, J.A. churchil Ltd., 1961.3' F' Danier, J.w. rMilliams, p. bender, R.A. Alberty, c.D. cornwe, andJ'E' Harriman, Experiment:at physiit Ci"*;rtry, Mc()ra* Hi,, 1970.4' S;i;"#;;"';:"r;Ue.ntat Phvsicat chemist , 2,,a Edition, cambridge

5' il;?riTiilri.o""

and c-w. Garland, Experintentat physicat chemistry,6'

ir'lr"'o'v, Aduanced, practicar ph.vsicai chemistry,Goer pubrications,

18