M/s. RAMI REDDY CONSTRUCTIONS

LAXMI RAM HARAN M/s. RAMI REDDY CONSTRUCTIONS SURVEY NOS. 489/అ/అ, 484/అ/అ, 489/ఆ/ఆ,

489/అ/ఆ, 484/అ/ఆ, 489/ఇ/ఆ, 489/ఆ/ఇ, 484/అ/ఇ, 489/ఇ/ఇ AND 484/అ/ఈ, ATTAPUR,

RAJENDRA NAGAR, RANGA REDDY DISTRICT

1. Conceptual Plan 2. EMP Report

Residential Apartments Construction Project

Submitted By M/s Rami Reddy Constructions #306, Laxmi Ram Trident, Kantha Reddy Nagar, Attapur, Hyderabad - 500048

Studies & Documentation by M/s Team Labs and Consultants (An ISO Certified Organization) B-115 -117 & 509, Annapurna Block, Aditya Enclave, Ameerpet, Hyderabad- 500 038 Phone: 91-040-23748555/616 Fax : 91-040-23748666 e-mail: [email protected]

SUBMITTED TO STATE LEVEL ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT AUTHORITY

TELANGANA GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

Laxmi Ram Haran Environmental Impact Statement

Team Labs and Consultants

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2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION/CONCEPTUAL PLAN

This chapter details the need for the project, description of the proposed project and alternatives, and identifies the valued ecosystem components. The project is envisaged to provide housing to meet the growing demands for housing in the growing urban area of Hyderabad. 2.1 THE PROJECT LOCATION

The project is envisaged to develop 0.50585 hectares of land in Survey Nos. 489/అ/అ,

484/అ/అ, 489/ఆ/ఆ, 489/అ/ఆ, 484/అ/ఆ, 489/ఇ/ఆ, 489/ఆ/ఇ, 484/అ/ఇ,

489/ఇ/ఇ and 484/అ/ఈ, Attapur, Rajendra Nagar, Ranga Reddy District into residential units for various socio-economic sectors. The project would cater to various market demands and needs of the people. The project site is surrounded residential and commercial buildings in East and South directions, open lands in north direction. An existing 12.00 m wide road in west direction connecting Sagar ring road. 2.2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.2.1 DESIGN STAGE The project is envisaged as residential Apartment with amenities. The dwelling profile is in accordance with the defence caders.

The land area available for the project is 0.50585 hectares and will be allocated for dwelling and amenities based on the development rules of HMDA. The land allocation and the number of units proposed are presented in table 2.1. The prescribed floor area and proposed area are presented in table 2.2.

Table 2.1 Built Up area statement

Land Use No of Floors Total No of Units

Total Site Area in m2

Total Built up area (m2)

Block 2C + S + 10

118 2026.2

20264.4 Amenities 694.7 Green Area 515.3 Road Area 1947.1 Open Area 569.9 Parking Stilt 1813.6 Cellar - 1 3338.1 Cellar - 2 2799.4 Total 118 5058.5 28910.1



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It is proposed to provide 118 Apartment units/Flats in single bock. The land allocation will be optimized to ensure compliance with the FAR regulations of HMDA. The water requirement of the project during operation will be drawn from HMWSSB. Sewage treatment plant will be provided to treat the sewage. Water conservation measures will be incorporated in the plumbing designs. Water recycling/reuse will be adopted by way of using treated sewage for toilet flush systems and green belt development. The treated sewerage and storm water will be let-out into the municipal storm water. The required power will be drawn from the TRANSCO and the energy requirement will be optimized by providing open space between each unit to allow sunlight. Construction material will be drawn from local sources. The layout of the project site and typical floor plans are presented in Figure. 2.1 and 2.2. Circulation Plan:

Ground Driveway: 6.0 m No. of Cellars: 1 no. No. of Ramps: 2 Width of Ramp: 5.6 m Slope of Ramp: 1 in 8 Cellar Driveway: 5.0 m No. of Lifts: 3 Capacity of each Lift: 10 pax. Connecting Road: 12.0 m ROW

Modified Los & Performance

Road Existing volume, PCU/hr

Existing volume/ Capacity

Additional volume

Modified Volume

Modified Volume/ Capacity

Modified Los & perfor mance

Site road 287 0.159 23 310 0.172 “A” Excellent

Parking Provision It is proposed to provide Stilt and cellar floors for parking. The parking provision follows the guidelines prescribed by FAR and Building policy. The number of parking spaces provided is presented in table 2.2. The parking floor plans are presented in fig. 2.3.

Table 2.2 Parking Space Provision of the Project

Floor 4 - Wheeler 2 - Wheeler

Stilt 79 30 Cellar 115 54 Total 194 84



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Fig 2.1 Site plan

3.54

16.17

3.0

5

8.0

0

12.

88

3 .35

3.0

0

OPEN TO SKY

1.8

3

5.5

7

7 .32

10.71

1.8

3

3.6

7

11.

35

10.71

13.68

6 .25

BUILDING

1 .83

1.6

8

7.5

1

8.0

0

3 .05

5 .91 3 .67

Gre

en

belt

3.0

0

11.

35

3.3

5

10.

36

3 .05

9.0

7

2.9

7

14.

25

8.4

3

11.

66

3 .54

4.9

0

5 .68

3.1

2

3.0

5

3.2

0

40

.54

PROPOSED

6 .63

3 .35

13.60

10

.23

3 .77

4 .20 3.72

1.8

3

3.05

1.6

8

8.2

8

7 .28

3 .28

1 .83

14.

25

13.68

3 .05

3 .67

1.7

9

1.8

3

7.7

7

3.28

1 .83

58.22

3.5

8

BUILDING6 .46

3.0

5

11.25

4 .15

1.8

3

1.8

3

2.8

2

7 .28

5.03

1 .83

5.98

13.

04

3.1

2

3.72

3.0

5

3 .05

6 .10

Greenery

13.68

2.00

PROPOSED

2.1

4

9.0

7

2.7

8

8.00

3 .73

3.3

5

13.60

8.00

5.5

7

3 .803 .54

Greenery

1 .83

W AT ER TANK

2.2

0

2.5

0

pcc bed

rcc f ooting

as per designdept h upto

hard soil

pcc bed

hard soil

pcc bedpcc bed

rcc footing

as per design

pcc bed

rcc f ooting

as per designdepth upto depth upto

pcc bedpcc bed pcc bed

SHEET NO.06,TOTAL NO OF SHEETS.07

rcc footing

as per design

pcc bed pcc bedpcc bed

hard soil

pcc bed



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Fig 2.2 Floor Plans

TYPICAL FLOOR PLAN (2nd TO 8th FLOORS) SECOND FLOOR MORTGAGE

CLUB HOUSE24.23X22.94M



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Fig 2.3 Parking floor plans

P A R KPLOT NOS .1,2,3OF KANTHA REDDY NAGAR COLONY

10.07 [33']

LAND IN SURV E Y.NOS .485 & 488 OF ATTAPUR VILLAGE

10.23

12.0

0M W

IDE

RO

AD

12.0

0M W

IDE

RO

AD

Green belt

TOT-LOT516.00SMT

19.85

[65'-1"]

39.4

4 [ 129'-5"]

49.0

2 [ 160'-10 "]

8.05 [26'-5"]

STILT FLOOR PLAN

58.22

40.

54

S IDE OPEN SPA CE

FR

ON

T O

PE

N S

PA

CE

SIDE OP EN S PACE

RE

AR

OP

EN

SP

AC

E

8 .00

Greenery Greenery Greenery

9.00M

WID

E RO

AD

Green belt

96.57 [316'-10"]



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2.2.1.1 Storm water drains: Conservation of water resource is most important aspect of the project during construction and occupation phases. Storm water drainage planning, domestic water planning and sewerage transfer and sewage treatment planning are critical aspects of construction and occupation stages of housing projects.

Storm water drains will be provided all over the site to meet the expected increase in the runoff during rainy seasons due to the impervious nature of the roads and other paved areas. The site is uneven and it is proposed to maintain the levels as much as possible, hence 2 numbers of storm water let outs from the site are anticipated. The expected runoff is calculated for the design of the storm water runoff and presented in following table. Calculation for Storm Water Drain Quantity of storm water (a) Without project Area of Catchment, ‘A’ : 0.5059 Ha Run off Coefficient, ‘C’ : 0.6 Maximum intensity of rainfall, ‘I’ : 40 mm/hr Therefore Q : 0.034 m3/sec (b) With project : Area for catchment for roof and road : 0.397 Ha Area of Catchment, ‘A’ : 0.397 Ha Run off Coefficient, ‘C’ : 0.9 Maximum intensity of rainfall, ‘I’ : 40 mm/hr Therefore Q = : 0.040 m3/sec Area for catchment for open areas : 0.109 Ha Run off Coefficient, ‘C’ : 0.6 Maximum intensity of rainfall, ‘I’ : 40 mm/hr Therefore Q = : 0.007 m3/sec Total Discharge : 0.047 m3/sec But, Discharge, Q = A/V Where, A= Area of the Drain, V= Max. Permissible Velocity : 6 m/sec for concrete drain Area of drain, ‘A’ = Q/V : 0.008 m2 Taking depth of drain as 0.6 m at the starting point : 0.6 Width of drain = Area/depth = : 0.013 m 13 mm Width of the drain is to taken 30 mm and depth varies according to the slope of ground.



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Table 2.3 Strom Water Runoff

Land Use Area in

Hectares

Vol./hr (KL) after development C=0.8

Vol./hr (KL) before developme

nt C=0.6

Difference in

Discharges Remarks

Roof Area 0.20 64.8 48.6 16.2

Stored in a sump of capacity 25 m3 and used for domestic

purpose

Road Area 0.19 62.3 46.7 15.6 14 nos. of RWH pits are provided of size 1.5m x 1.5m x 2.0 m Open Area 0.11 13.0 26.0 -13.0

TOTAL 0.51 18.8 * C=0.3 after development of greenery

The roof waters are channeled through storm water drains which are connected with water harvesting pits. Storm water from the roof tops will be directed to intermediate rainwater harvesting pits to be provided (as per HMDA norms) at a rate of 1 each at a distance of 50m. Typical drawings of intermediate rainwater harvesting pits is presented in Figure 2.4

Fig 2.4 Rainwater Harvesting Structure



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2.2.1.2 Water Availability: Water is required for the construction as well as during occupation stage as the same is an important resource. The water requirement during construction is in the order of 20 cum/day with a peak demand of 40 cum/day, and during occupation stage in the order of 88.6 KLD. The water resource available with the Municipal authorities was studied to identify the source and feasibility. The water resource both domestic water and sewage is dealt by the Hyderabad Metropolitan water supply and Sewerage Board (HMWSSB) in the GHMC area. The HMWSSB has been maintaining the water supply resources for Hyderabad along with the treatment of wastewater. The resources available with the HMWSSB are presented in table 2.4.

Table 2.4 Details of present sources of water supply to Hyderabad

Source Name River Year Impoundment

Name Distance from

city km Installed

Capacity MGD Osmansagar Musi 1920 Osmansagar 15 27 Himayatsagar ESI 1927 Himayatsagar 9.6 18 Manjira Phase I Manjira 1965 Manjira barrage 58 15 Manjira Phase II Manjira 1981 Manjira barrage 59 30 Manjira Phase III Manjira 1991 Singur Dam 80 37 Manjira Phase IV Manjira 1993 Singur Dam 80 38 Krishna Phase I Krishna 2005 Nagarjuna Sagar 116 90 Krishna Phase II Krishna 2008 Nagarjuna Sagar 116 90 Krishna Phase III Krishna 2015 Nagarjuna Sagar 116 90 Godavari Phase I Godavari 2016 Yellampally 186 172

Source: Hyderabad Metropolitan Water Supply & Sewerage Board, www.hyderabadwater.gov.in

It may be noted that the following water supply projects i.e., Krishna Phase III (Part II) with 45 MGD capacity and Godavari phase – I with 172 MGD capacity is anticipated to be operational during 2015 and 2016 respectively. It may also be noted that the dependability of Osman sagar and Himiyath sagar is reduced to approximately 60%. 45 MGD supply is available. Domestic Water: It is proposed to draw domestic water from the Hyderabad Metropolitan water supply and Sewerage Board (HMWSSB), which has been encouraging the bulk consumers. The water shortage if any during summer season will be drawn from ground water sources. The water requirement during construction will be from ground water sources and the requirement is in the order of 80 cum/day. The water requirement of the project during occupation stage is in the order of 88.6 KLD. The water requirement for the project during the occupation stage is presented in table 2.5. The water savings for the project is presented in table 2.6.



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Table 2.5 Water Requirement of the Project

Land Use No. of Units

No. of Persons/

unit

Water requirement per

person in l *

Total Water Requirement in KLD

Block 118 5 135 79.7 Amenities 1 120 45 5.4 Visitors 2 15 3.5 TOTAL 88.6 *Water requirement as per NBC

Table 2.6 Water Savings of the Project


No. of Persons

/unit

Water Requirement/

KLD

Treated water

reuse/day Klpcd

Effective Water

Requirement in KLD

Block 118 5 79.7 26.6 53.1 Amenities 1 120 5.4 2.4 3.0 Visitors 2 3.5 2.4 1.2 TOTAL 88.6 31.3 57.3

Table 2.7 Water Balance Input KLD Output KLD

Domestic water from HMWSSB 57.3

Excess treated water will be sent to sewer lines 37.9

Recycled water 31.3 Recycled water 31.3

Water requirement for green

belt during non-monsoon 1.7

Losses approx. 20% 17.7

Total 88.6 Total 88.6

The water used in the order of 88.6 KL/day would generate 70.9 KL/day of wastewater, which has to be treated for reuse and or disposal. The effluent characteristics of wastewater are presented in table 2.9.

Sewage treatment plant based on Fluidized Aerobic Bio Reactor (FAB) technology PROCESS DESCRIPTION: The raw sewage will be collected in a collection sump and pumped to mechanical bar screen chamber for removal of large floating matter followed by grit removal in Grit Chamber. The raw sewage will then be collected in an equalization tank for homogenization of hydraulic load. The tank contents will be kept in suspension by means of course bubble serration through pipe grid. The equalization tank, with air flow indicator for continuous monitoring of air supply to the tank in order to avoid septic conditions, will be covered from top (RCC or FRP) to avoid nuisance. The equalized effluent will then be pumped to two Fluidized Aerobic Bio Reactors (FAB) in series where BOD/COD reduction can be achieved by virtue of aerobic microbial



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activities. The oxygen required will be supplied through coarse air bubble diffusers. The bio-solids formed in the biological process will be separated in the downstream Tube Settler. The clear supernatant will gravitate to the chlorine contact tank where sodium hypochlorite will be dosed for disinfection of treated water prior to disposal. The biological sludge generated in the FAB and settled in the tube settlers will be collected in a sludge sump and then pumped to sludge drying bed for de watering. The dried sludge will then be disposed of suitably as manure. The schematics of the process are shown. The two main components of the treatment system viz. The FAB reactor and tube settler are described in the following sections. Fluidized Aerobic Bio Reactor (FAB) Conventional effluent treatment plants are large sized, power intensive and require a lot of monitoring. Scarcity of open space and rising land a power costs have forced the industries to look our for space saving, compact and efficient treatment options. This has led to the development attached growth processes where the bio mass is retained within the aeration tank obviating the need for recycle. These plants are not only compact but also user friendly. The endeavor to have a continuously operating, no-clogging biofilm reactor with no need for back washing, low head-loss and high specific biofilm surface area culminated in the most advanced technology of aerobic biological fluidized bed treatment where the biofilm (biomass) grows on small carrier elements that move along with the water in the reactor. The movement is normally caused by aeration in the aerobic version of the reactor. The reactor combines all the advantages and best features of Trickling filters, Rotating biological contractors, activated sludge process and submerged fixed film reactors while eliminating the drawbacks of these systems. The plants are more compact and more energy efficient. The Fluidized Aerobic Bio Reactor (FAB) consists of a tank in any shape filled up with small carrier elements. The elements are made up of special grade PVC or polypropylene of controlled density (shown in plate). For media of specific gravity 0.92-0.96 the overall density could be expected to increase up to 9.5% when full of biomass such that they can fluidize using an aeration device. A biofilm develops on the elements, which move along the effluent in the reactor. The movement within the reactor is generated by providing aeration with the help of diffusers placed at the bottom of the reactor. Then thin biofilm on the elements enables the bacteria to act upon the biodegradable matter in the effluent and reduce the BOD/COD content in the presence of oxygen available from the air that is used for fluidization.

Table 2.8 Characteristics of Waste water Parameter Quantity in mg/l

PH 6 – 7 Total Suspended Solids 400 – 600 BOD 200 – 300 COD 450 – 500



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Design of the unit Basic data Flow : 70.9 KLD Capacity : 90 m3 Peak factor : 3.5 Peak flow Q peak : 350 m3/day Influent BOD : 200 mg/lit Influent Suspended Solids : 400 mg/lit Influent COD : 450 mg/lit Effluent BOD : 30 mg/lit Effluent COD : 200 mg/lit Effluent Suspended Solids : 100 mg/lit 1. Bar Screen Chamber Average flow : 0.0009 m3/sec Peak factor : 3.5 Peak flow : 0.0032 m3/sec Velocity at peak flow : 0.75 m/Sec Effective area of screen Required At average flow : 0.005 m2 At Peak flow : 0.0060 m2 Provide Effective area of screen : 0.0060 m2 Considering the bar of dia. 10 mm(w) and clear spacing of 20 mm (b) Overall area required : 0.010 m2 Considering screen depth as : 0.020 m Consider 0.5 m Number of clear spacing : 0.3 Number of bars : 1 Consider 3 Nos. Hence Provide 5 bars Provide a screen of 0.5 m X 0.5 m at an inclination of sin 600. In a screen channel of one-meter (1 m) length. 2. Grit Chamber: The flow from the bar screen chamber is let into the Grit Chamber of minimum 2 hours capacity. This tank is provided to even out the flow variation, and to provide a continuous feed into the secondary biological treatment units. Peak flow Q : 0.0032 m3/sec Providing a flow through velocity of 0.30 m/sec Cross sectional area of Channel (0.0032/0.3) : 0.011 m2 Surface area of channel (0.0032/0.03) : 0.3 m2 Assuming depth d : 0.2 m Width of channel (0.011/0.2) : 0.05 m (say 0.2m) Length of channel (0.30/0.05) : 4. 5 m (say 4.5 m) Provide two channels each of 0.2 m wide and 4.5 m long with depth of waste water 0.2 m.



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3. Equalization tank: The flow from the bar screen chamber is let into the equalization tank of minimum 2hours capacity. This tank is provided to even out the flow variation, and to provide a continuous feed into the secondary biological treatment units. Average flow : 3.3 m3/hr Peak factor : 3.5 Peak flow : 11.55 m3/hr Hydraulic retention tank = 2 hrs at Peak flow Hence required volume of the tank : 23.1 m3 Provide tank of : 23.1 m3 Capacity Assuming depth : 3 m Area : 7.7 m2 Assuming length to width ratio (1:1) ; l=b length of the tank : 2.7 m width of the tank : 2.7 m Air required for agitation : 0.01 m3/ m2 min Total air required : 21.75 m3/hr Air blower required : 40 m3/hr @ 3.8 mwc Effluent transfer pump : 3.3 m3/hr @ 8 mwc 4. Fluidized Aerobic Bio Reactor (FAB): The polypropylene media have been provided with a specific surface area of 350 – 520 m2 /m3. This allows micro-organisms to get attached and biomass concentration can be increased to four folds as compared to Activated Sludge Process. This enables to consider higher Organic loading rates. The micro-organisms attached to media are kept in a fluid state thereby maintaining the CSTR (continuous Stirrer tank reactor) regime as well as two tanks are provided in series making the plug – flow system. This will enhance the efficiencies and have the merits of both CSTR and plug-flow regimes. Organic loading rate : 3.2 kg BOD/ m3 d Organic load : 16 kg/day Volume of the tank : 5 m3 Assume the depth : 3 m No. of tanks in series : 1 Size of the tank : 1.6 m dia. x 3.0 SWD Specific gravity of media : 0.92 to 0.96 Specific surface area of media : 350 – 520 m2 /m3 Media filling : 30 – 50 % of tank volume Oxygen required : 2 kg / kg BOD Oxygen in air : 23% Specific gravity of air @ 30 deg. : 1.65 Aeration : Coarse bubble Oxygen transfer efficiency : 12% Air required : 51.82 m3/hr Air blower required : 70 m3/hr @ 6.5 m wc



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5.Tube settler Surface loading rate : 48 m2 /m3 d Surface area required : 2.0 m2

Tank size : 3.0 m x 6.0 m x 2.7 m SWD With 55 deg. hopper bottom

Tube Modules : 3.0m x 6.0 m x 0.6 m ht. Tube inclination : 60 deg. Settling area for 60 deg slope : 11 m2 /m3 Cross sectional area of tubes : 120 mm x 44 mm Hexagonal Hydraulic radius : 1/61 cm (1.5 cm) Shape factor : 0.6 – 0.7 for media settleable solids 6. Pre-Filtration tank The flow from each individual settling tank i.e., the supernatant liquid is let into the respective Pre-Filtration Tank, which has a minimum 1.5 hours holding capacity. This tank is provided to hold the treated effluent and give an even flow to the pressure sand filter. Average flow : 3.3 m3/hr Peak factor : 2 m3/hr Peak flow : 6.6 m3/hr Provide min 1.5 hours holding capacity. Hence required volume of the tank : 9.9 m3 7. Pressure Sand Filter: Vertical down flow type with graded/sand bed under drain plate with polysterene strains. Flow : 90 m3/day Rate of filtration assumed as : 10 m3/m2/hr Requirement of treated water for usage in 20 hrs : 4 m3/hr Dia. of filter of 1 nos. : 637 mm Provide pressure sand filter of 650 mm dia. and 800 mm HOS with sand as media layer, under drain pipe, laterals face piping etc for each stream. 8. Activated Carbon Filter: Vertical down flow type with graded/sand bed under drain plate with polysterene strains. Flow : 90 m3/day Rate of filtration assumed as : 10 m3/m2/hr Requirement of treated water for usage in 20 hrs : 4 m3/hr Dia of filter of 1 nos. : 637 mm Provide pressure sand filter of 650 mm dia. and 800 mm HOS with sand as media layer, under drain pipe, laterals face piping etc for each stream.

9.Final Treated Water Holding Tank It is always preferred to provide one final holding tank of minimum one day holding



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capacity, so that the treated effluents can be stored and used back for gardening or other tertiary purposes. Capacity: 90 m3

10. Sludge Filter Press: The biomass in the aeration tank stabilizes BOD in wastewater by consuming the organic matter in the wastewater. The metabolic activity results in growth of the biomass population in the Fluidized Aerobic Bio Reactor (FAB). Sludge holding tank has been provided with filter press for dewatering sludge. The filtrate drains off through the media, which is again let into equalization tank. The dewatered sludge is collected in trays, which can be used as manure in the garden. No. of plates : 24 Size of plates : 600 mm X 600 mm Plate moc (material of construction) : PP (poly propline) Type of operation : Hydraulic Power pack capacity : 2 HP The biomass in the aeration tank stabilizes BOD in wastewater by consuming the organic matter in the wastewater. The metabolic activity results in growth of the biomass population in the Fluidized Aerobic Bio Reactor (FAB). Sludge holding tank has been provided with filter press for dewatering sludge. The filtrate drains off through the media, which is again let into equalization tank. The dewatered sludge is collected in trays, which can be used as manure in the garden.

Characteristics of Treated Waste water

Parameter Quantity in mg/l pH 7.3 Total Suspended Solids 20 BOD 10 COD 50

Disposal of Treated Waste Water: All the treated water shall be used for toilet flushing and for green belt development for the greening of site. The unused excess treated wastewater shall be sent to sewer lines.



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Fig 2.5 Sewage Treatment flow Diagram

SEW

AG

E TR

EATM

ENT

PLA

NT

FLU

IDIZ

ED A

ERO

BIC

BIO

REA

CTO

R T

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LOG

Y (F

AB

)

Slud

ge d

ewat

erin

g sy

stem

EQT

TA

NK

PSF

ACF

Bar

Scr

een/

Gri

t Ch

ambe

r

Raw

Sew

age

Ove

rflo

w

Filt

er F

eed

Pum

p (1

W+1

S)

Slud

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Dis

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DG

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TAN

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CLA

RIF

IED

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ATE

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(Pac

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ATER

TA

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To

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TUBE

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ttle

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UV



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2.2.1.3 Solid Waste Municipal Solid Waste Composition In India the biodegradable portion dominates the bulk of Municipal Solid Waste. Generally, the biodegradable portion is mainly due to food and yard waste.

Table 2.9 Composition of Municipal Solid Waste Type Composition (%) Solid waste in kg

Paper 8 32 Plastics 9 36 Metals 1 4 Glass 1 4 others 4 16 Biodegradable 48 193 Inerts 25 100 Rags 4 16 Total 100 402

(Source: NSWAI- National Solid Waste Association of India estimate)

Design Stage The total number of people anticipated to stay in the housing project is in the range of 900 –1000. The anticipated solid waste/garbage is in the range of 500 g/head, and the total garbage will be in the order of 402 kg/day. The present practice is to collect the garbage from each house using the services of NGO’s and send it to the segregation point by cycle-rickshaws. The biodegradable garbage after segregation is composted at the segregation point and the remaining waste is sent to the landfill. The landfill site is yet to obtain clearance under Municipal solid waste rules of MoE&F, GOI. The table 2.11 presents the anticipated garbage quantity after occupation. The responsibility of garbage collection and disposal lies with the Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation; however, the project authorities propose to educate the residents to segregate the waste at source before disposal.

Table 2.10 Solid Waste Generation


No. of Persons/ unit

Total No. of Persons

Total Solid waste in Kgs @ 0.5 kg/head

Block 118 5 590 295 Amenities 1 120 120 36 Visitors 2 236 71 TOTAL 402

2.2.2 CONSTRUCTION STAGE The sequence of construction operations and the approximate time requirement is presented in the following table 2.11. The construction sequence is for the flat’s construction. The time schedule of the entire project is approximately 24 months.



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Table 2.11 Construction Sequence for the Housing S. No Description of work

1 Clearing and Grubbing 2 Leveling by way of cut and fill 3 Foundation Excavation. 4 Foundation PCC & Concrete & Plinth Beam. 5 Column lifting up to GF Roof. 6 1st floor slab reinforcement & shuttering & Concreting. 7 Stair case slab 8 1st floor column lifting up to 1st floor roof. 9 1st floor roof shuttering, reinforcement & concreting.

10 Deshuttering of GF Roof & cleaning. 11 Deshuttering of 1st Roof & cleaning. 12 Brick work in GF floor. 13 Brick work in 1st floor. 14 Staircase up to terrace. 15 Staircase headroom slab. 16

Plumbing works (concealed works). Electrical conduit junction boxes & board fixing. Plastering works.

Internal (GF & FF) External (GF & FF)

17 Fixing of door & window frames. 18 Plinth filling & floor PCC. 19 Floor Tiling Works, Bath Room, kitchen & platform works. 20 Staircase stone works. 21 Terrace waterproofing works. 22 Parapet wall in terrace & miscellaneous works. 23 Fixing of door & window shutters. 24 Fixing of sanitary fittings. 25 Electrical wiring & fixtures. 26 Painting works. 27 External development & compound wall.

The cut and fill operation for the entire area is presented in table 2.12. There is excess cut material which would be used for the purpose of aggregate for the construction purpose.

Table 2.12 Earth Work Quantities

Area Qty of fill (m3) Qty of cut (m3) Surplus Fill(m3)

Surplus Cut(m3)

Site area 4856 6070 ---- 1214 The cut material contains mainly granite stones, which is suitable for aggregate purpose. The excess cut material if any will be used for the purpose of aggregate for RCC and dust for flooring. The construction of this magnitude would require huge quantities of construction materials. The material requirement for the project is presented in table 2.13.



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Table 2.13 Material Consumption

Land Use BUA per unit in (m2)

Total Ready-Mix

Concrete (m3)

Total Cement (bags)

Total Sand (m3)

Total Aggr egate (m3)

Total Water (m3)

Total Bricks

(Nos) x 1000

Total Reinfor cement Steel (MT)

Total BUA 28910 11853 26886 11275 1243 6996 3354 665 Total 28910 11853 26886 11275 1243 6996 3354 665

Thus aggregate requirement will be met from within the Local Market. The lead distance for various construction materials is presented in table 2.14.

2.2.2.1 Water Requirement The water required for this project is in the order of 6996 cum for the entire project implementation period. The peak demand for water may be 40 m3/day, however typical daily consumption will be in the order of 20 m3/day. The required water will be drawn from ground water sources/bulk suppliers/municipal tankers. The water supply and plumbing will be optimized and low water consuming faucets and flush tanks will be used to conserve water.

Table 2.14 Lead Distance for Construction Materials

S. No Material Source Lead Distance (Km)

1 Sand ROBOSAND and or Krishna or

Godavari river bed areas permitted by Govt.

150 – 240

2 Aggregate From quarries 20-30 3 Cement Manufacturing units 140 – 200 4 Reinforcement Steel SAIL/TATA godowns 3.5 5 Bricks Local Suppliers 30 6 Plumbing Material Local suppliers 2 – 7 7 Electrical Material Local Suppliers 2 – 7 8 Sanitary Material Local suppliers 2 – 7

9 Flooring and Pavement Tiles

Manufacturers 12 – 150

10 Paints Local Manufacturers 10 – 25 11 Ready Mix Concrete Local Batch Plants 5 – 10

2.2.2.2 Construction Debris The construction debris consists of various types of materials. The construction debris will be in both hazardous and non hazardous categories. The hazardous debris consists of empty containers of adhesives, thinners, paints, petroleum products. These empty containers will be sold to authorized recyclers. The non hazardous wastes contain recyclable debris like iron and other metal, glass, plastics, cartons of paper, wood etc. These wastes will be sent for reuse/recycle. The waste percentage will be in the order of 2%. Construction debris containing bricks, will be used for land grading/ in the place of subgrade.



2 - 19

2.2.2.3 Paints All the paints used in the premises will be ensured to have an albedo of at least 0.4 to increase the reflectivity and reduce the heat dissipation and heat island effects. 2.2.2.4 Work Force: The labor/work force requirement is approximately 2000man days of various skilled and unskilled employees. Sufficient labor force and skilled employees are available as Hyderabad is a favorite destination of skilled employees and migrating people from the rural areas. The peak labor force requirement will be in the order of 400 people and some of the labor force will be provided with temporary accommodation within the site. The labor force will be provided with a temporary toilet facility connected to a septic tank followed by soak pit. The labor accommodation will provide accommodation to about 200 families. The water requirement for the labor force will be approximately 30000 lt/day. 2.2.2.5 Material preparation and transport Most of the construction material including aggregate will be drawn from outside. The material will be transported by trucks and the approximate number of truck trips are 500. The material transport within the site will be facilitated by required number of tippers. All grades of concrete will be procured from RMC suppliers. No stone crusher shall be installed at site. Aggregate for Road, pavements and floorings shall be procured through the metal suppliers in the required quantities. 2.2.2.6 Batching Plant The required concrete will be prepared in a batching plant to be located temporarily in the site so as to maintain the quality and reduce the lead distance. The capacity of the batching plant will be 20 m3 to 30 m3/hr. The raw mix design (Cement: sand: coarse aggregates: water: admixture) is stored in electronic panel board and the quantities are weighed automatically as per the design mix. Aggregates in the sizes of 10 mm, 20 mm is stacked in separate bins and these materials are loaded into the hopper by scrapper and load cells. Cement is provided to the mix through silos (30 MT to 40 MT capacity) with the help of screw conveyor. Measured quantity of water and admixture is fed into hopper though load cells. In the hopper coarse aggregates, fine aggregates, cement, water and admixture gets mixed in required quantities by rotary motion of the mixer and after proper mixing it is unloaded into transit mixers at the rate of 0.5 m3/minute. The water consumption for this process is approximately 160 lts/m3 of concrete. The entire operation is closed and there is no scope of fugitive dust as the operation is wet in nature. 2.2.3 OCCUPATION PHASE A number of facilities will be provided by M/s Rami Reddy Constructions for the occupants and the facilities are shown in table 2.16



2 - 20

Table 2.15 Amenities Proposed Amenity Nos. or description

Community Center 1 STP 1 Green Area 515.3 m2 DG Sets 2 x 250 kVA The owners/purchasers will form cooperatives to run the all amenities like sewage treatment plant, DG sets. The major requirement of resource is for electricity and water. The electricity will be drawn from TSTRANSCO. Transformers will be provided to reduce voltage fluctuation and to provide quality energy. The power requirement during operation phase is presented in table 2.17

Table 2.16 Energy Consumption Statement

S.No Description No. of Units

Load in KW

Total Connected

Load (KW)

Total Connected

Load (kVA)

Total Max

Demand (KVA)

1 Block 118 6 708.0 885.0 885.0 2 Street Lights 45 0.04 1.8 2.3 1.8 3 Amenities 44.5 55.7 44.5 4 STP 1 60 60.0 75.0 75.0 5 Lifts 6 15 90.0 112.5 112.5 TOTAL 904.3 1130.4 1118.8

Maximum demand in kw at 0.6 diversity factor 542.6

Consumption of power for 8 hours per day 4340.8

Maximum demand in kw at 0.2 diversity factor 180.9

Consumption of power for 16 hours per day 2893.9

Total consumption of power per day 7234.6 KW

Total consumption of power per year 26.4 Lakh Units

Table 2.17 Energy saving by using Solar Water Heater

S.No Description No. of Units Power

allocated in watts / unit

Total power required in

(KW) 1 Block 114 2500 285

TOTAL 285 Maximum demand in kw at 1 diversity factor 285

Consumption of power for 2 hours per day 570

Maximum demand in kw at 0.4 diversity factor 114


Total consumption of power per day 798.0 KW Total consumption of power per year 2.91 Lakh Units



2 - 21

Table 2.18 Energy saving by using Solar Street Lights

S.No Description No. of Units

Power allocated in watts / unit


(KW) 1 Street lights 15 40 0.6

TOTAL 0.6 Maximum demand in kw at 0.6 diversity factor 0.4


Maximum demand in kw at full load 1


Total consumption of power per day 5.3 KW Total consumption of power per year 0.02 Lakh Units saving with Solar Heater and Street Lighting 2.93 Lakh Units

Table 2.19 Electrical Power savings using CFL for lighting

S.No Description Area in m2

Power allocated in watts / unit


(KW) 1 Residential 20959 10 210 2 Common & Utilities 5152 1.5 8

TOTAL 217 Maximum demand in kw at 0.9 diversity factor 196


Total consumption of power per day 2347.0 KW Total consumption of power per year 8.57 Lakh Units Savings in power using CFL 2.57 Lakh Units

Table 2.20 Savings in Electrical Power Consumption – SUMMARY

S.No Description With CFL

With Solar Heater and Street Lighting

Total Consumption

lakh units

Total Saving

1 Savings in lakh kwh units 2.57 2.93

26.41 5.50

2 Savings in percentage (%) 9.73 11.10 20.8

2.2.3.1 Domestic Water The domestic water will be drawn from HMWSSB and during non-availability of municipal water supply, ground water will be drawn and used to augment the supplies. The waste water will be treated and reused for gardening and flush tanks. The line providing grey water will be colored blue and ensured that the tank is at least 1 foot below the level of other tanks and a distance of minimum 2 feet from the other water pipelines.



2 - 22

2.2.3.2 Solid Waste The solid wastes anticipated during occupation stage include garbage, sludge from STP, hazardous waste of used oils, and batteries from generators. The quantity of wastes is presented in table 2.22.

Table 2.21 Solid Waste Generated during Occupation Phase S.No Type of Waste Quantity Collection/storage Disposal

1 Garbage 402 kg/day

Segregation at source into bio-degradable, non biodegradable and Domestic Hazardous wastes. Disposal of recyclable waste to Authorized Waste Pickers / Authorized Recyclers. Balance segregated waste given to Authorized Agency of Local Body.

Municipal solid waste disposal

2 Sewage

Treatment Plant Sludge

3.5 kg/day Stored in HDPE bags. Used as manure and or given to

farmers.

3 Used Batteries 5nos. year Sent to Authorized

recyclers or returned to seller

4 Used Lubricant 80 l/year Stored in HDPE

Carbouy Sold to authorized

recyclers

5 Transformer Oil 95 l/year Stored in HDPE Drum Sold to TSTRANSCO

authorized contractors

Laxmi Ram Haran Environment Management Plan


5 - 1

5.0 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN

This chapter details the need for the project, description of the proposed project and

alternatives, and identifies the valued ecosystem components. The project is envisaged

to provide housing to meet the growing demands for housing in the growing urban area

of Hyderabad.

5.1 PROJECT DETAILS

The project is envisaged to develop 0.506 hectares of land in Survey Nos. 489/అ/అ,

484/అ/అ, 489/ఆ/ఆ, 489/అ/ఆ, 484/అ/ఆ, 489/ఇ/ఆ, 489/ఆ/ఇ, 484/అ/ఇ,

489/ఇ/ఇ and 484/అ/ఈ, Attapur, Rajendra Nagar, Ranga Reddy District into

residential units for various socio-economic sectors. The project would cater to various

market demands and needs of the people. The project site is surrounded residential

and commercial buildings in East and South directions, open lands in north direction. An

existing 12.00 m wide road in west direction connecting Sagar ring road.

5.2 MAJOR FINDINGS OF THE EIS

An EIS was conducted and the major findings of the EIS/EMP study are presented

below

5.3 Environmental Impacts

Impact on Physical Resources

Construction of proposed project requires huge quantities of natural resources like

sand, sub grade and aggregate, and materials produced from natural resources like

bricks, cement and steel. The material shall be drawn from local sources, and the lead

distances range from 1 – 250 km. The impacts on physical resources of sand will be

irreversible while bricks will be brought from kilns which use Coal ash. The material

requirement of steel, cement etc. will be purchased from manufacturers with in state.

Hence, no major impacts on physical resources as regards the availability and

procurement of construction material are anticipated due to the project.

Impacts on Air Quality

Impacts on air quality during construction stage are likely to be due to operation of

construction yards, material transport on trucks and fugitive emissions from the

construction sites. The model results for occupation stage show slight increase in the

air quality and in worst concentrations are falling within the site, and the results are

with in the prescribed limits. Mitigation measures required for offsetting the air quality

impacts are presented in the table 5.1 Environment Management and Action Plan.

Impacts on Noise Quality

Impacts on noise quality during construction stage will be significant. Hence the

construction near the habitation is proposed only during daytime. The impacts during

occupation stage will be on the plots near to the main entrance. Construction workers

will be provided with protection equipment to guard against the noise impacts. Noise

mitigating measures will be suggested for construction equipment and DG sets.



5 - 2

Impact on Flora

The project site and its surroundings do not form a habitat to any endangered flora.

There are no trees within the project site due to anthropogenic pressures. The project

will enhance the aesthetics of the site due to the provision of avenue plantation and

central greening. This would ensure minimum impact on flora.

Impact on Fauna

As there are no endangered species of wild life in and around the project site, it is likely

to have minimal impact. The avifauna will find abode on the trees proposed to be

planted. This would enhance the aesthetics of the area. Pet animal faeces should not

enter the storm water drains.

Impact on Land use

There is no land acquisition for this project. The land use of the site fallow land and

classified as residential by HMDA. However the topography of the land being rocky

plains involves cut and fill operation. Erosion and sedimentation are impacts

anticipated during construction. Mitigation measures shall be adopted to avoid the

same. The area development would increase the housing activity in the surroundings,

which is a positive impact, as barren lands will be used for productive usage, and the

negative impacts will be pressure on the infrastructure facilities.

Impact on Surface Water Resources

The degradation of water quality can occur during construction phase from increased

sediment load into watercourses near the construction site. Suitable mitigation

measures proposed, as part of the EMP will ensure that the residual impacts are

minimal. Storm water runoff would increase due to the increase in impervious

surface, and rainwater harvesting structures will be provided as mitigation measure.

The design of the storm water drain will consider the additional runoff. The urban

storm water joining the storm water drains may carry pollutants from impervious

surfaces.

Impact on Ground Water Resources

Ground water shall be drawn during construction, and will be used to augment the

municipal supply during non-monsoon season if necessary. Exploitation of ground

water will have an impact and the same shall be restricted to ensure resource

conservation. This impact will be marginal, as the ground water will not be drawn

continuously.

Impact on Infrastructure

The infrastructure of communication available at present is saturated; the proposal to

lay new connectors between HMDA, GHMC will reduce the congestion. The

development in combination with this project activity will have marginal impact. The

additional requirement of power would increase the pressure on the electrical

infrastructure and requires additional power generation in the overall context.



5 - 3

Impact on Human Use Values

The dominant land use in the area is residential, and expected commercial space will

increase the pressure on the residential localities. There is no additional requirement

and or acquisition of land. The provision of public lung space in the project and other

community facilities will reduce the additional transport required availing the facilities.

The project authorities will provide road safety measures to reduce risk of accidents in

the internal roads. The impact on Human use values is marginal.

5.4 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT MEASURES PROPOSED

A description of the various management measures during the various stages of the

project is provided in the following sections.

5.4.1 Pre-construction stage

During the design and preconstruction stage the management proposes to comply with

the regulations of town planning, explore the availability of sufficient resources, provide

plantation and sink bore wells after obtaining the necessary permission.

5.4.2 Construction stage

This will be the most crucial and active stage for the Environment Management Plan. In

addition to the monitoring of the construction activity itself to the pollution levels

within permissible limits, mitigation and enhancement measures for water resources

will go on simultaneously as the construction progresses. To facilitate implementation

of the enhancement and mitigation measures suggested working drawings of the same

would be prepared after completion of detailed project report. In addition, the need

for a balanced evaluation and planning for risks associated with construction activities

related to housing and commercial project will be part of the Supervising Contractors

responsibility.

The resource conservation by way of identification of materials and construction debris

recycle/disposal will be formulated by the supervising consultants. The responsibility of

environment management plan lies with the project authorities that would implement

the plan in consultation with other consultants, by including appropriate provisions in

the contract/sub contract documents and providing the necessary facilities.

5.4.3 Operation stage

The environment management plan will be implemented by owners

associations/societies, where project authorities are co-opted as members, and while

the management plan related to the utilities like roads, street lighting and common

open spaces lies with the Municipality. The management in operation stage will

essentially entail maintenance of sewage treatment plant, maintenance of utilities, and

monitoring activity in the project site. Monitoring for pollutants specified in the

Monitoring Plan will serve the two purposes. In addition to checking the efficacy of the

protection/mitigation/enhancement measures implemented, this will help verify or

refute the predictions made as a part of the impact assessment. Thus, it will complete a

very important feedback loop for the project.

The measures adopted and/or to be adopted during different stages of the project have

been detailed in table 5.1.



5 - 4

Table 5.1 Environmental Management Plan and Action Plan

Environmental

Issues/Impacts

Enhancement/ Mitigation

Measures Management Action

CONSTRUCTION PHASE

Dust generation due to

construction activities

Roads in the construction

area will be sprinkled with

water to reduce the raising of

dust.

Plantation taken up at initial

stage.

Plantation to be ensured

Horticulturists to identify

the species.

Supervising consultants/

contractor to ensure the

water sprinkling

Exhaust gases from heavy

machinery and

transportation of materials

Vehicle and equipment

maintenance.

PUC for all transport vehicles.

Avoidance of idling of

equipment.

Contractors to be educated

and supervising consultant

to ensure the same.

Sedimentation of storm

water during rainy season

Avoiding stockpiles of

materials near natural drains.

Provision of filter fence

Provision of storm water

drains wherever possible

before the beginning of

construction.

Architects, in consultation

with Supervision

consultants should identify

the measures needed.

Sewage transfer

Lead bearing piping to be

avoided

Project authorities and

plumbing consultant in

coordination with the

Supervision consultant

should implement the

same.

Sewage Treatment

Sewage to be treated in the

STP and reused/disposed.

STP shall be provided by

the project authorities and

ensured the design of STP is

optimised to meet the

prescribed standards with

energy efficiency.

Alteration of Drainage

Storm water drains to follow

the natural course as far as

possible.

Storm water drains to have a

min. water velocity of 1m/s

and a max. 3 m/s.

Min. width of 0.6 meters and

depth based on the gradient.

Provision of rainwater

harvesting structures.

Architects in consultation

with sanitary engineering

consultants.

Supervision consultant to

ensure the same.



5 - 5

Environmental

Issues/Impacts



Water Consumption

Water conservation measures

during construction.

Sub contractors to be

educated on water

conservation measures.

Pollution from construction

workers

Provision of toilets connected

to septic tank followed by

soak pit.

Sludge usage for on land

irrigation for plantation.

Proper availability of drinking

water.

Proper Sanitation practices.

Sub contractors of the

camps to be educated.

Project authorities should

provide the facility.


ensure the same.

Loss of productive soil

The site area is rocky. Topsoil

to be stock piled separately

with 1:2 slope and reused for

greening purpose.


ensure the same in

consultation with

horticulturist and architect.

Soil Erosion

Cut and fill operation to be

done during non-monsoon

season.

Silt fence to ensure silt does

not enter storm water drains.

Side slopes will be kept flatter

wherever possible, and in

case of steeper slopes it is

mulched.


ensure the same in

consultation with project

authorities.

Compaction of Soil

Movement of construction

vehicles preferably in the

proposed road areas.

Heavy vehicle movement

restricted in central green

area.

Ploughing the area after

construction.

Architects to identify the

road areas.

Contamination of Soil

Vehicle washing and

machinery washing to be

avoided in site.

Parking of vehicles and

maintenance of vehicles to be

avoided in site.

Disposal of solid wastes by

construction workers to be

made in garbage bins only.

Septic tank provision for

Subcontractors and Project

authorities should ensure.

Designate the parking areas

Provision of Garbage bin by

project authorities and

arrangements to be for

disposal of the same.



5 - 6

Environmental

Issues/Impacts



toilets.

Accidental Leakage and

spillage of fuels and other

construction materials to be

controlled by providing road

signs and covered trucks.

Natural Resource

consumption

Identify sand availability from

government-authorised

locations.

Identify and use bricks from

coal ash users.

Aggregate to be made from

the excess materials of cut

operations.

Identify and use recycled

steel wherever possible.

Proper availability of drinking

water and sanitation facilities

to the workers.

The design team in

consultation with project

authorities and supervision

consultants must identify

the suppliers.

Health facilities for

construction workers

Availability of first aid and

health facilities

Ensure first aid boxes in

adequate numbers and

make shift dispensary. The

above condition may be put

in contract document.

Fire Prevention

Adopt safe work practice and

have adequate fire fighting

facilities

Provision of adequate fire

fighting equipment

Noise Pollution from heavy

machinery, and

transportation.

Noise and dust causing

equipment to be located

away from residential areas.

Noise causing activities to be

conducted during daytime.

Maintenance of equipment

and vehicles to mitigate noise

generation.

Inclusion of appropriate

clauses in construction

contracts; monitoring of

compliance during

construction and proper

administration of contracts.

Locating the construction

equipments in consultation

with project authorities and

supervision consultants.

Pressures on Infrastructure

Identification of alternative

routes for transport of

materials from outside the

site.

Transport of materials during

non-peak hours.

Using alternative road to

reduce traffic pressure on

roads.

Transporting the materials

during nighttime.

Consultation with



5 - 7

Environmental

Issues/Impacts



Installing Electrical

Transformer if necessary

based on TSTRANSCO advice

to avoid power fluctuations in

the site and also the

neighbouring areas.

TSTRANSCO by project

authorities.

Construction debris

Construction debris to be

used for aggregate and or sub

grade purpose in the case of

RCC.

Recyclable metals to be

collected and sold to

recyclers.

Avoidance of excess

inventory of materials.

Packing materials to be sent

for reuse/recycling.

Hazardous waste containers

to be returned to

seller/authorised recyclers.

Provision of waste disposal

site for waste from

construction and storage

yard.

Supervision consultant in

consultation with the sub

contractors.

Inclusion of appropriate

clauses in construction

contracts; monitoring of

compliance during

construction and proper

administration of contracts.

Plantation and

Environmental greening.

Soil reclamation

Use of top soil

Initiation of plantation

Horticulture consultant

shall prepare the plan for

soil reclamation and use of

top soils in consultation

with architects and

supervision consultants.

Social Impacts Additional employment to

locals.

Qualified locals to be

chosen for employment.

Occupational Safety and

Health

Construction workers are to

be provided with personal

protective equipment (PPE)

such as earplugs, helmets,

safety shoes, gloves, etc.

Comply with Building

construction acts.

The premises shall be fenced

and no trespassing be

allowed.

Ensure adequacy and

availability of Personal

protective equipments.

Project authorities to

ensure compliance with

statutory requirements.

Project authorities to fence

the boundaries to avoid

unauthorised trespassing.

OCCUPATION STAGE

Urban Heat Island Effect

Cool Roof

Vegetation

Building blocks to be

provided with cool roofing

material.

Vegetation to be provided



5 - 8

Environmental

Issues/Impacts



by horticulturist for the

avenues, and central green

Dust Generation from traffic.

Plantation.

Maintenance of roads by

way of sweeping.

Horticulturist should

ensure avenue plantation

The managing committees

should ensure maintenance

of avenue plantation.

Municipal authorities

should ensure the road

maintenance.

Generation of Exhaust gases

from transport and utilities.

Avenue plantation.

Rule to allow only vehicles

with PUC.

Proper maintenance of

vehicles.

Stack heights of the DG sets

must be provided as per CPCB

guidelines and the emission

levels should meet the CPCB

standards.

To be maintained by the

M/s Rami Reddy

Constructions Project

authorities must ensure

that the DG sets are

provided with acoustic

enclosures and proper

stack heights.

Sewage Management

All Sewage will be collected

by underground drainage

system.

The sewage will be treated in

sewage treatment plant

The treated sewage is reused

for on land irrigation for the

development of green belt.

Treated water line will be

provided for reuse for

flushing.

Excess treated sewage will be

let out into Municipal drain.

M/s Rami Reddy

Constructions Management

will maintain the STP, and

sewerage.

Municipal authorities will

be appraised during rainy

season when excess

quantities are released into

the drain.

Treated water lines will be

colored blue and a distance

of 2 feet will be maintained

from the other lines by the

project authorities.

Records of influent and

treated effluent quality and

quantity should be

maintained by the society,

and the treatment must be

ensured to meet the

standards prescribed by

GSR 422 E.

Storm water Management Storm water will be disposed Storm water drain system



5 - 9

Environmental

Issues/Impacts



into storm water drain

provided by Municipality.

Storm water drains will be

maintained periodically

before monsoon.

Accidental discharges

spillages will not be allowed

to join storm water drains.

Roads, pavements and other

surfaces are swept regularly.

Rainwater harvesting

structures will be connected

to all the areas and

maintained periodically to

remove sediment.

and disposal point to be

provided by the project

authorities.

Rain water harvesting

structures to be provided

by project authorities.

Maintenance of storm

water drains by Municipal

authorities and the society

shall oversee the same.

Management to interact

with the Municipal

authorities.

Ground water usage

Ground water sources to be

used during non-availability

of sufficient supplies from

HMWSSB.

Ground water to be used

sparingly and water

conservation measures to

be adopted.

Water Conservation

Measures

Water conservation measures

to be adopted to reduce

resource consumption.

Management to educate the

employees and provide a

book let of measures to

reduce water consumption.

Loss of productive soil

Individuals to be educated

about importance greening to

avoid loss of productive soil.

Management to educate

the people.

Solid Wastes

Solid waste/garbage to be

collected in green and blue

dustbins.

The biodegradable wastes to

be removed everyday while

the recyclable wastes to be

removed once a week.

Solid waste/garbage to be

picked by management staff

or its representative NGO.

Transporting the garbage to

municipal garbage

bin/segregation point located

near high-tech railway

station.

Municipality shall transport

the wastes to dump yards.

The project authorities to

make arrangements with

the Municipality.

The management shall

ensure the transfer of

wastes to the municipal

bin/segregation point.

The project authorities

must identify the users for

STP sludge and authorised

recyclers for hazardous

wastes.



5 - 10

Environmental

Issues/Impacts



The sludge from the STP may

be used as manure for

greening program is disposed

to farmers.

The used oils and used

batteries, and used

transformer oils should be

sent to authorised recyclers.

Consumption of natural

resource

The major natural resource

consumed during occupation

stage is water and power.

Consumption of natural

resources shall be

optimised by education and

conservation measures.

Noise Levels

Noise levels due to traffic will

increase in the area and the

mitigation measures of

construction and Greening.

Noise levels from DG sets to

be mitigated by the provision

of acoustic enclosures.


shall ensure that the

material of construction

shall use best sound

transmission class materials

to ensure that the sound

levels with in the residence

are within the prescribed

limits for residential areas.

Plantation should be

completed before the

occupation stage to ensure

that the noise levels are

mitigated.


must ensure the provision

of acoustic enclosures to

the DG sets.

Traffic Volumes and parking

facilities

Traffic volumes will increase

over a period of time and put

pressure on the

infrastructure.

Subsequent increase in air

pollution loads on the project

site and its surroundings.

Provision of parking facilities

Traffic and road safety signals

to be provided.


must ensure public

transport bus stations in

the immediate vicinity of

the site.


must provide the traffic and

road safety signals in the

project. Two-way mirrors

must be provided at blind

corners.

Flora The impacts on flora are due

to air pollution from exhaust

The Project authorities/

M/s Rami Reddy



5 - 11

Environmental

Issues/Impacts



of vehicles to be mitigated by

the choice of species.

The flora of the site shall

increase with the greening

program.

Constructions management

to ensure greening the

open space.

Horticulturists to assist the

employees in identifying

the plant species with an

objective of reducing the

energy costs and mitigating

the heat island effect.

Energy Conservation

The energy conservation

building practices with

respect to building envelop

fenestration and roof

materials to be adopted.

The Architect shall ensure

the codes are implemented

in the design drawings and

working drawings.

Use of CFLS, Electronic

Ballast, and ON/OFF

sensors, etc.

Fire Safety

Provision of fire safety

measures as per the fire

safety regulations.


must provide the measures

and obtain the NOC from

the Director General of fire

safety.

5.5 IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS

The responsibility of implementing the mitigation measures lies with M/s Rami Reddy

Constructions during design and construction stages while the responsibility lies with

the cooperative owner’s society and the Rajendranagar Municipality during occupation

stage. All construction activities taken up by the project authorities will be supervised

by the Supervision Consultant (SC). Implementation schedule will be worked for phase

wise implementation of the mitigation measures after completion of detailed designs.

In the pre-construction phase of the project the supervision consultants shall review the

EMP to identify environmental and social issues and arrive at a suitable strategy for

implementation. The activities to be carried out and the target dates will be worked out

after completion of detailed designs.

5.6 INSTITUTIONAL STRENGTHENING

The management of M/s Rami Reddy Constructions will evaluate the organizational

structure with respect to inadequacies in implementing the environment management

plans. The housing project is typical as the responsibility of management lies with the

owners/residents during occupation stage. The owners form a cooperative

society/association to manage the utilities and common areas in a normal case. The

M/s Rami Reddy Constructions will have little role to play in environment management.

Hence it is suggested to explore the possibility of co-opting a member from M/s Rami

Reddy Constructions into these societies so as the spirit of environment management

plan is not lost. The common areas, electrical supply, street lighting, open space of



5 - 12

central green will be taken over and managed by the Municipality and TSTRANSCO. The

role of residents is limited to being stakeholders with little say in the day-to-day

matters; the town planning agencies and the government must address this issue.

The Environment Management Plan envisages on-site monitoring of construction

activities for environmental pollution and will involve collection of samples and their

subsequent analysis. For this purpose two chemists would be required especially when

the implementation of the two phases goes on simultaneously. Induction of two more

assistant engineers, one each for the biophysical and social environment will also be

necessary.

5.7 TRAINING

The existing supervising staff and the additional staff have to be trained to effectively

carry out.

Co-ordinate, with supervision consultants and contractors on compliance

monitoring of mitigation measures during construction phase.

Monitoring of environmental components in the operation stage;

Co-ordinate with concerned departments on environmental issues;

Environmental impact studies for future housing projects;

Liase with State and Government of India on fiscal policies to reduce environmental

pollution from housing activity.

5.8 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING

5.8.1 Introduction

The environmental monitoring programme provides such information on which

management decision may be taken during construction and occupation phases. It

provides basis for evaluating the efficiency of mitigation and enhancement measures

and suggest further actions that need to be taken to achieve the desired effect.

The monitoring includes:

(i) Visual observations;

(ii) Selection of environmental parameters at specific locations;

(iii) Sampling and regular testing of these parameters.

5.8.2 Objectives

The objectives of the environmental monitoring programme are:

Evaluation of the efficiency of mitigation and enhancement measures;

Updating of the actions and impacts of baseline data;

Adoption of additional mitigation measures if the present measures are insufficient;

Generating the data, which may be incorporated in environmental management

plan in future projects.

5.8.3 Methodology

Monitoring methodology covers the following key aspects:

Components to be monitored;

Parameters for monitoring of the above components;



5 - 13

Monitoring frequency;

Monitoring standards;

Responsibilities for monitoring;

Direct responsibility,

Overall responsibility;

Monitoring costs.

Environmental monitoring of the parameters involved and the threshold limits specified

are discussed below.

5.8.4 Ambient Air Quality (AAQ) Monitoring

Ambient air quality parameters recommended for road transportation developments

are Respirable Particulate Matter (RPM), Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM), Oxides

of Nitrogen (NOX), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) and Lead (Pb). These are to be monitored at

designated locations starting from the commencement of construction activity. Data

should be generated over three days at all identified locations in accordance to the

National Ambient Air Quality Standards (table 5.2) location, duration and the pollution

parameters to be monitored and the responsible institutional arrangements are

detailed out in the Environmental Monitoring Plan.

Table 5.2 National Ambient Air Quality Standards

S. No Pollutant Time

Weighted

Average

Concentration in Ambient Air

Industrial,

Residential

, Rural and

Other Area

Ecological

Sensitive Area

(Notified by

Central

Government)

Methods of

Measurement

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)

1 Sulphur Dioxide

(SO2), µg/m3

Annual*

24

Hours**

50

80

20

80

- Improved west

and Gaeke

- Ultraviolet

fluorescence

2 Nitrogen Dioxide

(NO2), µg/m3

Annual*

24

Hours**

40

80

30

80

- Modified Jacob

& Hochheiser

(Nn-Arsenite)

- Chemiluminesce

nce

3 Particulate

Matter (Size Less

than 10 µm) or

PM10 µg/m3

Annual*

24

Hours**

60

100

60

100

- Gravimetic

- TOEM

- Beta

Attenuation

4 Particulate

Matter (Size Less

than 2.5µm) or

PM2.5 µg/m3

Annual*

24

Hours**

40

60

40

60

- Gravimetic

- TOEM

- Beta

Attenuation

5 Ozone (O3)

µg/m3

8

hours**

1 hour**

100

180

100

180

- UV Photometric

- Chemilminescen

ce

- Chemical



5 - 14

S. No Pollutant Time

Weighted

Average

Concentration in Ambient Air

Industrial,

Residential

, Rural and

Other Area

Ecological

Sensitive Area

(Notified by

Central

Government)

Methods of

Measurement

Method

6 Lead (Pb) µg/m3 Annual*

24

hours**

0.50

1.0

0.50

1.0

- AAS /ICP

method after

sampling on

EPM 2000 or

equivalent filter

paper

- ED-XRF using

Teflon filter

7 Carbon

Monoxide (CO)

mg/m3

8

hours**

1 hour**

02

04

02

04

- Non Dispersive

Infra Red (NDIR)

- Spectroscopy

8 Ammonia (NH3)

µg/m3

Annual*

24

hours**

100

400

100

400

- Chemilminescen

ce

- Indophenol blue

method

9 Benzene (C6H6)

µg/m3 Annual* 05 05

- Gas

Chromotograph

y based

continuous

analyzer

- Absorption and

Desorption

followed by GC

analysis

10 Benzo(o)Pyrene(

BaP) –

Particulate

Phase only,

ng/m3

Annual* 01 01 - Solvent

extraction

followed by

HPLC/GC

analysis

11 Arsenic (As),

ng/m3

Annual* 06 06 - AAS/ICP method

after sampling

on EPM 2000 or

equivalent filter

paper

12 Nickel (Ni),

ng/m3

Annual* 20 20 - AAS/ICP method

after sampling

on EPM 2000 or

equivalent filter

paper

Source: Anon 1996-97, National Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Series NAQMS/a/1996-

97, Central Pollution Control Board, Delhi.

*Average Arithmetic mean of minimum 104 measurements in a year taken for a week

24 hourly at uniform interval.



5 - 15

**24 hourly/8 hourly values should meet 98 percent of the time in a year

5.8.5 Water Quality Monitoring

The physical and chemical parameters recommended for analysis of water quality

relevant to road development projects are pH, total solids, total dissolved solids, total

suspended solids, oil and grease, COD, chloride, lead, zinc and cadmium. The location,

duration and the pollution parameters to be monitored and the responsible

institutional arrangements are detailed in the Environmental Monitoring Plan. The

monitoring of the water quality is to be carried out at all identified locations in

accordance to the Indian Standard Drinking Water Specification – IS 10500: 1991

(stated in table 5.3).

Table 5.3 Indian Standard Drinking Water Specifications – IS: 10500:1991

S. No Substance or

Characteristics

Require

ment

(Desirabl

e Limit)

Undesirable

Effect Outside

the Desirable

Limit Pe

rmis

sib

le

Lim

it i

n t

he

Ab

sen

ce o

f Methods of

Test (Ref. To

IS)

Remarks

ESSENTIAL CHARACTERISTICS

1 Colour, Hazen

units, Max.

5 Above 5,

consumer

acceptance

decreases

25 3025 (Part 4)

1983

Extended to

25 only if

toxic

substances

are not

suspected,

in absence

of alternate

sources

2 Odour Unobjecti

onable

- - 3025 (Parts

5):1984

a) Test cold

and when

heated

b) Test at

several

dilutions

3 Taste Agreeabl

e

- - 3025 (Part 7

and 8)

1984

Test to be

conducted

only after

safety has

been

established

4 Turbidity NTU,

Max.

5 Above 5,

consumer

acceptance

decreases

10 3025 (Part 10)

1984

-

5 pH Value 6.5 to 8.5 Beyond this

range, the

No

relaxati

3025 (Part 11)

1984

-



5 - 16

S. No Substance or

Characteristics

Require

ment

(Desirabl

e Limit)

Undesirable

Effect Outside

the Desirable

Limit Pe

rmis

sib

le

Lim

it i

n t

he

Ab

sen

ce o

f Methods of

Test (Ref. To

IS)

Remarks

water will affect

the mucous

membrane

and/or water

supply system

on

6 Total hardness

(as CaCO3)

mg/l, Max

300 Encrustation in

water supply

structure and

adverse effects

on domestic use

600 3025 (Part 21)

1983

-

7 Iron (as Fe)

mg/l, Max

0.3 Beyond this

limit

taste/appearanc

e are affected,

has adverse

effect on

domestic uses

and water

supply struc-

tures, and

promotes iron

bacteria

1 32 of 3025 :

1964

-

8 Chlorides (as CI)

mg/l, Max

250 Beyond this

limit, taste,

corrosion and

palatibility are

affected

1000 3025 (Part 32)

1988

-

9 Residual, free

chlorine, mg/l,

Min

0.2 - - 3025 (Part 26)

1986

To be

applicable

only when

water is

chlorinated.

Tested at

consumer

end. When

protection

against viral

infection is

required, it

should be

Min 0.5

mg/l



5 - 17

S. No Substance or

Characteristics

Require

ment

(Desirabl

e Limit)

Undesirable

Effect Outside

the Desirable

Limit Pe

rmis

sib

le

Lim

it i

n t

he

Ab

sen

ce o

f Methods of

Test (Ref. To

IS)

Remarks

DESIRABLE CHARACTERISTICS

1 Dissolved solids

mg/l, Max

500 Beyond this

palatability

decreases and

may cause

gastro intestinal

irritation

2000 3025 (Part 16)

1984

-

2 Calcium (as Ca)

mg/l, Max

75 Encrustation in

water supply

structure and

adverse effects

on domestic use

200 3025 (Part 40)

1991

-

3 Magnesium (as

Mg), mg/l, Max

30 Encrustation to

water supply

structure and

adverse effects

on domestic use

100 16, 33, 34 of IS

3025: 1964

-

4 Copper (as Cu)

mg/l, Max

0.05 Astringent

taste,

discoloration

and corrosion of

pipes, fitting

and utensils will

be caused

beyond this

1.5 36 of 3025:

1964

-

5 Manganese (as

Mn) mg/l, Max

0.1 Beyond this

limit

taste/appearanc

e are affected,

has adverse

effects on

domestic uses

and water

supply

structures

0.3 35 of 3025:

1964

-

6 Sulphate (as

200 SO4) mg/l,

Max

200 Beyond this

causes gastro

intestinal irrita-

tion when

magnesium or

sodium are

400 3025 (Part 24)

1986

May be

extended

up to 400

provided

(as Mg)

does not



5 - 18

S. No Substance or

Characteristics

Require

ment

(Desirabl

e Limit)

Undesirable

Effect Outside

the Desirable

Limit Pe

rmis

sib

le

Lim

it i

n t

he

Ab

sen

ce o

f Methods of

Test (Ref. To

IS)

Remarks

present exceed 30

7 Nitrate (as NO2)

mg/l, Max

45 Beyond this,

may cause

methaemoglobi

nemia

100 3025 (Part 34)

1988

-

8 Fluoride (as F)

mg/l, Max

1 Fluoride may be

kept as low as

possible. High

fluoride may

cause fluorosis

1.5 23 of 3025:

1964

-

9 Phenolic

compounds (As

C6H5OH) mg/l,

Max

0.001 Beyond this, it

may cause

objectionable

taste and odour

0.002 54 of 3025:

1964

-

10 Mercury (as Hg)

mg/l, Max

0.001 Beyond this, the

water becomes

toxic

No

relaxati

on

(see Note)

Mercury ion

analyser

To be

tested

when

pollution is

suspected

11 Cadmium (as

Cd), mg/l, Max


water becomes

toxic

No

relaxati

on

(See note) To be

tested

when

pollution is

suspected

12 Selenium (as

Se), mg/l, Max


water becomes

toxic

No

relaxati

on

28 of 3025:

1964

To be

tested

when

pollution is

suspected

13 Arsenic (As As)

mg/l, max


water becomes

toxic

No

relaxati

on

3025 (Part 37)

1988

To be

tested

when

pollution is

suspected

14 Cyanide (As

CN), mg/l, Max

0.05 Beyond this

limit, the water

becomes toxic

No

relaxati

on

3025 (Part 27)

1986

To be

tested

when

pollution is

suspected

15 Lead (as Pb),

mg/l, Max

0.05 Beyond this

limit, the water

No

relaxati

(see note) To be

tested



5 - 19

S. No Substance or

Characteristics

Require

ment

(Desirabl

e Limit)

Undesirable

Effect Outside

the Desirable

Limit Pe

rmis

sib

le

Lim

it i

n t

he

Ab

sen

ce o

f Methods of

Test (Ref. To

IS)

Remarks

becomes toxic on when

pollution is

suspected

16 Zinc (As Zn).

Mg/l, Max

5 Beyond this

limit it can

cause astringent

taste and an

opalescence in

water

15 39 of 3025:

1964)

To be

tested

when

pollution is

suspected

17 Anionic

detergents (As

MBAS) mg/l,

Max

0.2 Beyond this

limit it can

cause a light

froth in water

1 Methylene-

blue extraction

method

To be

tested

when

pollution is

suspected

18 Chromium (As

Cr6+) mg/l, Max

0.05 May be

carcinogenic

above this limit

No

relaxati

on

38 of 3025:

1964

To be

tested

when

pollution is

suspected

19 Poly nuclear

aromatic

hydrocarbons

(as PAH) g/1,

Max

- May be

carcinogenic

above this limit

- - -

20 Mineral oil

mg/l, Max

0.01 Beyond this

limit un-

desirable taste

and odour after

chlorination

take place

0.03 Gas

Chromatograp

hic method

-

21 Pesticides mg/l,

Max

Absent Toxic 0.001 - -

22 Radioactive materials: 58 of

3025:01964

-

23 a) Alpha

emitters Bq/l,

Max

- - 0.1 - -

24 Beta emiters

pci/1, Max

- - 1 - -

25 Aluminium (as

Al), mg/l, Max

200 Beyond this

limit taste

600 13 of

3025:1964

-



5 - 20

S. No Substance or

Characteristics

Require

ment

(Desirabl

e Limit)

Undesirable

Effect Outside

the Desirable

Limit Pe

rmis

sib

le

Lim

it i

n t

he

Ab

sen

ce o

f Methods of

Test (Ref. To

IS)

Remarks

becomes

unpleasant

26 Aluminium (as

Al), mg/l, Max

0.03 Cumulative

effect is

reported to

cause dementia

0.2 31 of 3025:

1964

-

27 Boron, mg/l,

Max

1 - 5 29 of 3025:

1964

-

Source: Indian Standard Drinking Water Specification-IS10500: 1991

5.8.6 Noise Level Monitoring

The measurements for monitoring noise levels would be carried out at all designated

locations in accordance to the Ambient Noise Standards formulated by Central Pollution

Control Board (CPCB) in 1989 (refer table 5.4) Sound pressure levels would be

monitored on twenty-four hour basis. Noise should be recorded at “A” weighted

frequency using a “slow time response mode” of the measuring instrument. The

location, duration and the noise pollution parameters to be monitored and the

responsible institutional arrangements are detailed in the Environmental Monitoring

Plan (Table 5.5)

Table 5.4 Noise level standards (CPCB)

Type Noise level for Day

Time Leq dB (A)

Noise level for

Night Time dB (A)

Industrial area 75 70

Commercial area 65 55

Residential area 55 45

Silence zone 50 40

Day time - 6.00 am - 9.00 pm (15 hours)

Night time - 9.00 pm - 6.00 am (9 hours)

The monitoring plan along with the environmental parameters and the time frame is

presented in the Table 5.5 environmental monitoring plan



5 - 21

Table 5.5 Environmental Monitoring Plan

En

vir

on

me

nt

com

po

ne

nt

Pro

ject

Sta

ge

MONITORING Institutional

Responsibilities

Paramete

rs

Special

Guidanc

e

Standar

ds Location

Freque

ncy Duration

Impleme

ntation

Supervis

ion

Air

Co

nst

ruct

ion

sta

ge

PM10,

PM2.5,

SO2, NOX,

CO, HC

High

volume

sampler

to be

located

50 m

from the

plant in

the

down-

wind

direc-

tion. Use

method

specified

by CPCB

for

analysis

Air

(Preven-

tion and

Control

of Pollu-

tion)

Rules,

CPCB,

1994

Wherever

the

contractor

decides to

locate the

Crusher at

a distance

of 100 m

from the

crusher.

Once

every

season

for 2

years

Continu

ous 24

hours/

or for 1

full

working

day

Contract

or

through

ts-

proved

moni-

toring

agency

Environ

mental

Engineer

, GHMC

Co

nst

ruct

ion

sta

ge

PM10,

PM2.5,

High

Volume

Sampler

to be

located

40 m

from the

ROW in

the

down-

wind

direc-

tion. Use

method

specified

by CPCB

for

analysis

Air

(Preven-

tion and

Control

of Pollu-

tion)

Rules,

CPCB,

1994

Location

of

constructi

on area

Once

every

month

for 2

years

Continu

ous 24

hours/

or for 1

full

working

day

Contract

or

through

ts-

proved

moni-

toring

agency

Environ

mental

Engineer

, M/s

Rami

Reddy

Construc

tions



5 - 22

En

vir

on

me

nt

com

po

ne

nt

Pro

ject

Sta

ge


Responsibilities

Paramete

rs

Special

Guidanc

e

Standar

ds Location

Freque

ncy Duration

Impleme

ntation

Supervis

ion O

ccu

pa

tio

n s

tag

e

PM10,

PM2.5,

SO2, NOx,

CO, Pb, HC

High

Volume

Sampler

to be

located

at 15 m

from the

edge of

pave-

ment

Air

(Preven-

tion and

Control

of Pollu-

tion)

Rules,

CPCB,

1994

1. Site

Thrice

in

occupa

tion

stage.

Decem

ber

2016,

Januar

y 2017

and

Januar

y 2019

Continu

ous

24 hours

Society Society

Wa

ter

Qu

ali

ty

Co

nst

ruct

ion

sta

ge

pH, BOD,

COD, TDS,

TSS, DO,

Oil &

Grease

and Pb

Grab

sample

collected

from

source

and

analyse

as per

Standard

Methods

for

Examina

tion of

Water

and

Wastew

ater

Water

quality

standard

s by

CPCB

1. Musar

Lake

End of

sum-

mer

before

the

onset

of

mon-

soon

every

year

for 2

years

- Contract

or

through

ts -

proved

moni-

toring

agency

Environ

mental

Engineer

, M/s

Rami

Reddy

Construc

tions



5 - 23

En

vir

on

me

nt

com

po

ne

nt

Pro

ject

Sta

ge


Responsibilities

Paramete

rs

Special

Guidanc

e

Standar

ds Location

Freque

ncy Duration

Impleme

ntation

Supervis

ion

Wa

ter

Qu

ali

ty

Occ

up

ati

on

sta

ge

pH, BOD,

COD, TDS,

TSS, DO,

Pb, Oil

and

Grease.

Grab

sample

collected

from

source

and

analyse

as per

Standard

Methods

for

Examina

tion of

Water

and

Wastew

ater

Water

quality

standard

s by

CPCB

1 Musar

Lake

3. STP

Influent

4.STP

treated

Effluent

End of

sum-

mer

before

the

onset

of

mon-

soon in

2018,

2019

and

2020

Daily

Daily

- M/s

Rami

Reddy

Construc

tions

Society

Society

M/s

Rami

Reddy

Construc

tions

Society

Society



5 - 24

En

vir

on

me

nt

com

po

ne

nt

Pro

ject

Sta

ge


Responsibilities

Paramete

rs

Special

Guidanc

e

Standar

ds Location

Freque

ncy Duration

Impleme

ntation

Supervis

ion

No

ise

le

ve

ls

Co

nst

ruct

ion

sta

ge

Noise

levels on

dB (A)

scale

Free

field at 1

m from

the

equipme

nt

whose

noise

levels

are

being

deter-

mined.

Noise

stan-

dards by

CPCB

At

equipmen

t yards

Once

every

month

(max)

for two

years,

as

require

d by

the

engine

er

Readings

to be

taken at

15

seconds

interval

for 15

minutes

every

hour and

then

average

d.

Contract

or

through

ts -

proved

moni-

toring

agency

Environ

mental

Engineer

, M/s

Rami

Reddy

Construc

tions

Noise

levels on

dB (A)

scale

Equivale

nt noise

levels

using an

inte-

grated

noise

level

meter

kept at a

distance

of 15

from the

internal

roads

Noise

stan-

dards by

CPCB

As

directed

by the

Engineer

(At

maximum

5

locations)

Thrice

a year

for 2

years

during

the

constr

uction

period.

Readings

to be

taken at

15

seconds

interval

for 15

minutes

every

hour and

then

average

d

Contract

or

through

ts -

proved

moni-

toring

agency

Environ

mental

Engineer

, M/s

Rami

Reddy

Construc

tions



5 - 25

En

vir

on

me

nt

com

po

ne

nt

Pro

ject

Sta

ge


Responsibilities

Paramete

rs

Special

Guidanc

e

Standar

ds Location

Freque

ncy Duration

Impleme

ntation

Supervis

ion O

ccu

pa

tio

n s

tag

e

Noise

levels on

dB (A)

scale

Equivale

nt noise

levels

using an

inte-

grated

noise

level

meter

kept at a

distance

of 15

from

edge of

paveme

nt

Noise

stan-

dards by

CPCB

1. At all

boundari

es of the

site.

Thrice

in op-

eration

period,

in

Decem

ber

2018,

Januar

y 2019

and

Januar

y 2020.

Readings

to be

taken at

15

seconds

interval

for 15

minutes

every

hour and

then

average

d.

Society

through

an

approve

d

monitori

ng

agency

Society

So

il

Co

nst

ruct

ion

sta

ge

Monitorin

g of Pb,

Cr, Cd

Sample

of soil

collected

to

acidified

and

analysed

using

absorpti

on

spectrop

ho-

tometry

Threshol

d for

each

contami-

nant set

by IRIS

databas

e of

USEPA

until

national

stan-

dards

are

promulg

ated.

At

productiv

e

agricultur

al lands in

the

project

impact

area to be

identified

by the

environm

ental

engineer

Once a

year

for 2

years

- Contract

or

through

an

approve

d

monitori

ng

agency

Environ

mental

Engineer

, M/s

Rami

Reddy

Construc

tions



5 - 26

En

vir

on

me

nt

com

po

ne

nt

Pro

ject

Sta

ge


Responsibilities

Paramete

rs

Special

Guidanc

e

Standar

ds Location

Freque

ncy Duration

Impleme

ntation

Supervis

ion O

ccu

pa

tio

n s

tag

e

Monitorin

g of heavy

metals, oil

and

grease

Sample

of soil

collected

to

acidified

and

analysed

using

absorpti

on

spectrop

ho-

tometry

Threshol

d for

each

contami-

nant set

by IRIS

databas

e of

USEPA

until

national

stan-

dards

are

promulg

ated.

At

accident/

spill

locations

involving

bulk

transport

carrying

hazardous

materials

(5

locations

maximum)

As per

the

occurr

ence of

such

inciden

ts

Thrice in

op-

eration

stage for

monitori

ng

turbidity

Society Society

So

il E

rosi

on

Co

nst

ruct

ion

sta

ge

Turbidity

in Storm

water

Silt load in

ponds

Visual

obser-

vations

during

site

visits

As

specified

by the

Water

quality

standard

s

At the

drains,

and

Musar

Lake

Pre-

monso

on and

post-

mon-

soon

season

s for 2

years

Engineer M/s

Rami

Reddy

Construc

tions

Occ

up

ati

on

sta

ge

Turbidity

in Storm

water

Silt load in

ponds

Visual

obser-

vations

during

site

visits

As

specified

by the

Water

quality

standard

s

At water

Musar

Lake

Thrice

in pre-

monso

on and

post-

monso

on

season

s in

2018,

2019

and

2020.

Society Society



5 - 27

En

vir

on

me

nt

com

po

ne

nt

Pro

ject

Sta

ge


Responsibilities

Paramete

rs

Special

Guidanc

e

Standar

ds Location

Freque

ncy Duration

Impleme

ntation

Supervis

ion

Co

nst

ruct

ion

Sit

es

an

d C

on

stru

ctio

n C

am

ps

Co

nst

ruct

ion

Sta

ge

Monitorin

g of:

1. Storage

Area

2.

Drainage

Arrange

ments

3.

Sanitatio

n in

Construc

tion

Camps

Visual

obser-

vations

will

suffice.

These

are to be

checked

as

specified

in the

EMP.

To the

satisfac-

tion of

the M/s

Rami

Reddy

Construc

tions

and the

stan-

dards

given in

the

reportin

g form.

At Storage

area and

con-

struction

camps

Quarte

rly in

the

constr

uction

stage.

Supervisi

on

Engineer

/consult

ant

M/s

Rami

Reddy

Construc

tions

5.9 REPORTING SYSTEM

Reporting system provides the necessary feedback for project management to ensure

quality of the works and that the program is on schedule. The rationale for a reporting

system is based on accountability to ensure that the measures proposed as part of the

Environment Management Plan get implemented in the project.

The reporting system will operate linearly with the contractor who is at the lowest rung

of the implementation system reporting to the Supervision Consultant, who in turn

shall report to the M/s Rami Reddy Constructions. All reporting by the contractor and

Supervision Consultant shall be on a quarterly basis. The M/s Rami Reddy

Constructions shall be responsible for preparing targets for each of the identified EMAP

activities. All subsequent reporting by the contractor shall be monitored as per these

targets set by the M/s Rami Reddy Constructions before the contractors move on to

the site. The reporting by the Contractor will be a monthly report like report of

progress on construction and will form the basis for monitoring by the M/s Rami Reddy

Constructions either by its own Environmental Cell or the Environmental Specialist

hired by the Supervision Consultant.

Monitoring of facilities at construction camps

Monitoring of air, noise, soil and water parameters including silt load

Monitoring of survival rate of plantation.

Monitoring of cleaning of drains and water bodies.



5 - 28

5.10 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT BUDGET

The environmental budget for the various environmental management measures

proposed in the EMP is detailed in table 5.6. There are several other environmental

issues that have been addressed as part of good engineering practices, the costs for

which has been accounted for in the Engineering Costs. Moreover, since environmental

enhancements have not been finalized at this stage, the table projects the aspect wise

and the detailed cost estimate is presented in Annexure A.

Table 5.6 Environmental Budgets for Project

S.

NO. Description

Capital cost in Rs. Lakhs Recurring cost in Rs. Lakhs

Construction

Phase

Occupation

Phase

Construction

Phase

Occupation

Phase

1 Air Pollution

Control 5.4 -- 0.6 1.6

2 Water Pollution

Control 27.0 -- 2.9 7.0

3 Noise Pollution

Control 1.4 -- 0.7 0.3

4

Environmental

Monitoring &

Management 0.2 1.4 0.3 0.3

5

Green belt &

Open area

development 0.9 0.2 0.3 1.4

6 Solid Waste 5.5 0.6 1.3 1.1

7 Others 19.8 -- 0.8 1.0

Total 60.1 2.1 6.9 12.7

5.11 Horticultural and Landscaping Works

(a) Scope

The Horticultural and Landscaping works may be entrusted to a contractor or may be

taken by the horticulture department of the M/s Rami Reddy Constructions It would

generate local employment if the plantation, upkeep and maintenance of the green

belt is entrusted to local VSS bodies. Detailed drawings and designs of landscaping will

be drawn after completion of the detailed designing. The following precautions must

be taken while undertaking horticulture and landscaping works. The M/s Rami Reddy

Constructions will have greenery by way of avenue plantation and central green. The

scheme of plantation and the figures are presented in mitigation chapter. The upkeep

and the management of the greening are presented as follows;



5 - 29

(b) Materials

Plant Materials

Plant Materials shall be well formed and shaped true to type, and free from disease,

insects and defects such as knots, sun-scaled, windburn, injuries, abrasion or

disfigurement.

All plant materials shall be healthy, sound, vigorous, free from plant diseases, insect’s

pests, of their eggs, and shall have healthy, well-developed root systems. All plants shall

be hardy under climatic conditions similar to those in the locally of the project. Plants

supplied shall to confirm to the names listed on both the plan and the plant list. No

plant material will be accepted if branches are damaged or broken. All material must be

protected from the sun and weather until planted.

Any nursery stock shall have been inspected and approved by the Environmental

Specialist or the Engineer.

All plants shall conform to the requirements specified in the plant list. Except that

plants larger then specified may be used if approved, but use of such plants shall not

increase the contract price. If the use of the larger plant is approved, the spread of root

or ball of earth shall be increased in proportion to the size of plant.

Deliver plants with legible identification labels.

Top Soil (Good Earth)

Topsoil or good earth shall be a friable loam, typical of cultivated topsoils of the locality

containing at least 2% of decayed organic matter (humus). It shall be taken from a well-

drained arable site. It shall be free of subsoil, stones, earth skids, sticks, roots or any

other objectionable extraneous matter or debris. It shall contain no toxic material. No

topsoil shall be delivered in a muddy condition. It shall have pH value ranging between

6 and 8.5.

Fertilizer

Measurement of sludge shall be in stacks, with 8% reduction for payment. It shall be

free from extraneous matter, harmful bacteria insects or chemicals. (Subjected to

safety norms)

Root System

The root system shall be conducive to successful transplantation. While necessary, the

root-ball shall be preserved by support with Hessian or other suitable material. On soils

where retention of a good ball is not possible, the roots should be suitably protected in

such a way that the roots are not damaged.

Condition

Trees and shrubs shall be substantially free from pests and diseases, and shall be

materially undamaged. Torn or lacerated roots shall be pruned before dispatch. No

roots shall be subjected to adverse conditions such as prolonged exposure to drying

winds or subjection to water logging between lifting and delivery.



5 - 30

(c) Supply and Substitution

Upon submission of evidence that certain materials including plant materials are not

available at time of contract, the contractor shall be permitted to substitute with an

equitable adjustment of price. All substitutions shall be of the nearest equivalent

species and variety to the original specified and shall be subjected to the approval of

the Landscape Architect.

(d) Packaging

Packaging shall be adequate for the protection of the plants and such as to avoid

heating or drying out.

(e) Marking

Each specimen of tree and shrub, or each bundle, shall be legibly labelled with the

following particulars:

Its name.

The name of the supplier, unless otherwise agreed.

The date of dispatch from the nursery.

(f) Tree Planting

Plants and Shrubs

Trees should be supplied with adequate protection as approved. After delivery, if

planting is not to be carried out immediately, balled plants should be placed back to

back and the ball covered with sand to prevent drying out. Bare rooted plants can be

heeled in by placing the roots in prepared trench and covering them with earth, which

should be watered into, avoid air pockets round the roots. Trees and shrubs shall be

planted as shown in architectural drawings and with approval of site supervision

engineer.

Digging of Pits

Tree pits shall be dug a minimum of three weeks prior to backfilling. The pits shall be

120 cm in diameter and 120 cm deep. While digging the pits, the topsoil up to a depth

of 30 cm may be kept aside, if found good (depending upon site conditions), and mixed

with the rest of the soil.

If the side of the below, it shall be replaced with the soil mixture as specified further

herein. If the soil is normal it shall be mixed with manure; river sand shall be added to

the soil if it is heavy. The bottom of the pit shall be forked to break up the subsoil.

Back Filling

The soil back filled watered through and gently pressed down, a day previous to

planting, to make sure that it may not further settle down after planting. The soil shall

be pressed down firmly by treading it down, leaving a shallow depression all rounds for

watering.

Planting

No tree pits shall be dug until final tree position has been pegged out for approval. Care

shall be taken that the plant sapling when planted is not be buried deeper than in the



5 - 31

nursery, or in the pot. Planting should not be carried out in waterlogged soil. Plant

trees at the original soil depth; soil marks on the stem is an indication of this and should

be maintained on the finished level, allowing for setting of the soil after planting. All

plastic and other imperishable containers should be removed before planting. Any

broken or damage roots should be cut back to sound growth.

The bottom of the planting pit should be covered with 50mm to 75mm of soil. Bare

roots should be spread evenly in the planting pit; and small mound in the centre of the

pits on which the roots are placed will aid on even spread. Soil should be placed around

the roots, gently shaking the tree to allow the soil particles to shift into the root system

to ensure close contact with all roots and prevent air pockets. Back fill soil should be

firmed as filling proceeds, layer by layer, care being taken to avoid damaging the roots,

as follows:

The balance earth shall be filled in a mixture of 1:3 (1 part sludge to 3 part earth by

volume) with 50 gm potash, (Mop) 50gms of Super Phosphate and 1Kg. Neem oil cake.

Aldrin or equivalent shall be applied every 15 days in a mixture of 5ml in 5 litres of

water.

Staking

Newly planted trees must be held firmly although not rigidly by staking to prevent a

pocket forming around the stem and newly formed fibrous roots being broken by

mechanical pulling as the tree rocks.

Methods:

The main methods of staking shall be:

(a) A single vertical shake, 900mm longer than the clear stem of the tree, driven 600mm

to 900mm into the soil.

(b) Two stakes as above driven firmly on either side of the tree with a cross bar to which

the stem is attached. Suitable for bare- rooted or Ball material.

(c) A single stake driven in at an angle at 45 degrees and leaning towards the prevailing

wind, the stem just below the lowest branch being attached to the stake. Suitable

for small bare- rooted or Ball material

(d) For plant material 3m to 4.5m high with a single stem a three- wire adjustable guy

system may be used in exposed situations.

The end of stake should be pointed and the lower 1m to 1.2m should be coated with a

non-injurious wood preservative allowing at least 150mm above ground level.

Tying

Each tree should be firmly secured to the stake so as to prevent excessive movement.

Abrasion must be avoided by using a buffer, rubber or Hessian, between the tree and

stake. The tree should be secured at a point just below its lowest branch, and also just

above ground level; normally two ties should be used for tree. These should be

adjusted or replaced to allow for growth.



5 - 32

Watering

The Landscape Contractor should allow for the adequate watering in of all newly

planted trees and shrubs immediately after planting and he shall during the following

growing season, keep the plant material well watered.

Fertilizing

Fertilising shall be carried out by application in rotation of the following fertilisers, every

15 days from the beginning of the monsoon till the end of winter:

(1) Sludge or organic well-rotted dry farm yard manure: 0.05 cum or tussle.

(2) Urea 25 gm.

(3) Ammonium sulphate 25 gm.

(4) Potassium sulphate 25 gm.

All shrubs, which are supplied pot grown, shall be well soaked prior to planting.

Watering in and subsequent frequent watering of summer planted container- grown

plants is essential.

(g) Shrub Planting In Planter Beds

All areas to be planted with shrubs shall be excavated, trenched to a depth of 750 mm,

refilling the excavated earth after breaking clods and mixing with sludge in ratio 8:1 (8

parts of stacked volume of earth after reduction by 20%: 1 part of stacked volume of

sludge after reduction by 8%.)

Tall shrubs may need staking, which shall be provided if approved by the contracting

consulting engineer, depending upon the conditions of individual plant specimen.

For planting shrubs and ground cover shrubs in planters, good earth shall be mixed with

sludge in the proportion as above and filled in planters.

Positions of planters shall be planted should be marked out in accordance with the

architectural drawing. When shrubs are set out, precautions should be taken to prevent

roots drying. Planting holes 40 cm in diameter, and 40 cm deep should be excavated for

longer shrubs. Polythene and other non-perishable containers should be removed and

any badly damaged roots carefully pruned. The shrubs should then be set in holes so

that the soil level, after settlement, will be original soil mark on the stem of the shrub.

The holes should be back filled to half of its depth and firmed by treading. The

remainder of the soil can then be returned and again firmed by treading.

(h) Grassing

Preparation

During period prior to planting the ground shall be maintained free from weeds.

Grading and final weeding of the area shall be completed at least three weeks prior to

the actual sowing. Regular watering shall be continued until sowing by dividing the area

into portions of approximately 5m squares by constructing small bunds to retain water.

These 'bunds' shall be levelled just prior to sowing of grass plants; it shall be ensured

that the soil has completely settled.



5 - 33

Soil

The soil itself shall be ensured to the satisfaction of Landscape Architect to be a good

fibrous loam, rich in humus.

Sowing the grass roots

Grass roots (cynodon, dectylon or a local genus approved by the Landscape Architect)

shall be obtained from a grass patch, seen and approved before hand.

The grass roots stock received at site shall be manually cleared of all weeds and water

sprayed over the same after keeping the stock in place protected from sun and dry

winds.

Grass stock received at site may be stored for a maximum of three days. In case

grassing for some areas is scheduled for a later date fresh stock of grass roots shall be

ordered and obtained.

Execution

Small roots shall be dibbled about 5 cm apart into the prepared grounds. Grass will

only be accepted as reaching practical completion when germination has proved

satisfactory and all weeds have been removed.

Maintenance

As soon as the grass is approximately a 3cm high it shall be rolled with a light wooden

roller – in fine, dry weather – and when it has grown to 5 to 8 cm, above to ground

weeds must be removed and regular cutting with the scythe and rolling must be begun.

A top-dressing of an ounce of guano to the square yard or well decomposed well

broken sludge manure shall be applied when the grass is sufficiently secure in the

ground to bear the mowing machine, the blades must be raised an inch above the

normal level for the first two or three cuttings. That is to say, the grass should be cut so

that it is from 4 to 5 cm in length, instead of the 3 cm necessary for mature grass.

In the absence of rain, in the monsoon, the lawn shall be watered every ten days

heavily, soaking the soil through to a depth of at least 20 cm.

Damage failure or dying back of grass due to neglect of watering especially for seeding

out of normal season shall be the responsibility of the contractor. Any shrinkage below

the specified levels during the contract or defect liability period shall be rectified at the

contractor's expense. The Contractor is to exercise care in the use of rotary cultivator

and mowing machines to reduce to a minimum the hazards of flying stones and

brickbats. All rotary mowing machines are to be fitted with safety guards.

Rolling

A light roller shall be used periodically, taking care that the area is not too wet and

sodden.

Edging

These shall be kept neat and must be cut regularly with the edging shears.



5 - 34

Fertilizing

The area shall be fed once in a month with liquid manure prepared by dissolving 45gms

of ammonium sulphate in 5 litres of water.

Watering

Water shall be applied at least once in three days during dry weather. Watering

whenever done should be thorough and should wet the soil at least up to a depth of

20 cm.

Weeding

Prior to regular mowing the contractor shall carefully remove rank and unsightly weeds.

Cultivating

The Landscape Contractor shall maintain all planted areas within Landscape contract

boundaries for one year until the area is handed over in whole or in phases.

Maintenance shall include replacement of dead plants, watering, weeding, cultivating,

control of insects, fungus and other diseases by means of spraying with an approved

insecticide or fungicide, pruning, and other horticulture operations necessary for proper

growth of the plants and for keeping the landscape sub-contract area neat in

appearance.

Pruning and Repairs

Upon completion of planting work of the landscape sub-contract all trees should be

pruned and all injuries repaired where necessary. The amount of pruning shall be

limited to the necessary to remove dead or injured twigs and branches and to

compensate for the loss of roots and the result of the transplanting operations. Pruning

shall be done in such a manner as not to change the natural habit or special shape of

trees.

Tree Guards

Where the tree guards are necessary, care should be taken to ensure that they do not

impede natural movement or restrict growth. Circular iron tree guards shall be provided

for the trees at enhancement locations. The specifications for which one given below:

Circular Iron Tree Guard with Bars

The tree guard shall be 50 cm. in diameter.

The tree guards shall be formed of (i) 3 Nos. 25x25x3mm angle iron verticals 2.00m long

excluding splayed outward at lower end up to an extent of 10 cms. (ii) 3 Nos. 25x25mm

MS flat rings fixed as per design (iii) 15 Nos. 1.55 metres long 6mm dia bars. Each ring

shall be in two parts in the ratio of 1:2 and their ends shall be turned in radially for a

length of 4 cm at which they are bolted together with 8mm dia and 30mm long MS

bolts and nuts.

The vertical angle irons shall be welded to rings along the circumference with electric

plant 15 Nos. bars shall be welded to rings at equal spacing along the circumference of

ring. The lower end of the angle iron verticals shall be splayed outwards up to an extent



5 - 35

of 10cm. The lower end of the flat of lower ring shall be at a height of 45cm. and upper

end of the flat of top ring shall be at the height of 2.00 metres. The middle ring shall be

in the centre of top and lower ring. The bars shall be welded to rings as shown in the

drawing. The entire tree guard shall be given two coats of paint of approved brand and

of required shade over a priming coat of ready mixed primer of approved brand.

(i) Nursery Stack

Planting should be carried out as soon as possible after reaching the site. Where

planting must be a necessity and/or be delayed, care should be taken to protect the

plants from pilfering or damage from people animals. Plants with bare-roots should be

heeled- in as soon as received or otherwise protected from drying out, and others set

closely together and protected from the wind. If planting is to be delayed for more than

a week, packaged plants should be unpacked, the bundles opened up and each group of

plants heeled in separately and clearly labelled. If for any reason the surface of the

roots becomes dry the roots should be thoroughly soaked before planting.

(j) Protective Fencing

According to local environment, shrubs shall be protected adequately from vandalism

until established.

(l) Completion

On completion, the ground shall be formed over and left tidy.

5.12 Water Conservation Measures

Water conservation measures must be adopted during the occupation stage that would

conserve the natural resource and also reduce the pressure on other users. A typical

list of water conservation measures are presented as follows;

Household Water Saving Measures

1. There are a number of ways to save water and they all start with you.

2. When washing dishes by hand, don't let the water run while rinsing. Fill one sink with

wash water and the other with rinse water.

3. Check your sprinkler system frequently and adjust sprinklers so only your lawn is

watered and not the house, sidewalk, or street.

4. Run your washing machine and dishwasher only when they are full and you could

save 3785 liters a month.

5. Avoid planting turf in areas that are hard to water such as steep inclines and isolated

strips along sidewalks and driveways.

6. Install covers on pools and check for leaks around your pumps.

7. Use the garbage disposal less often.

8. Plant during rainy season and or winter when the watering requirements are lower.

9. Check your water meter and bill to track your water usage.

10. Always water during the early morning hours, when temperatures are cooler, to

minimize evaporation.



5 - 36

11. Wash your produce in the sink or a pan that is partially filled with water instead of

running water from the tap.

12. Use a layer of organic mulch around plants to reduce evaporation and save

hundreds of liters of water a year.

13. Use a broom instead of a hose to clean your driveway and sidewalk and save up to

303 liters of water every time.

14. If your shower can fill 4 liters bucket in less than 20 seconds, and then replace it

with a water-efficient showerhead.

15. Collect the water you use for rinsing produce and reuse it to water houseplants.

16. Water your lawn in several short sessions rather than one long one. This will allow

the water to be better absorbed.

17. We’re more likely to notice leaky faucets indoors, but don’t forget to check outdoor

faucets, pipes, and hoses for leaks.

18. Only water your lawn when needed. You can tell this by simply walking across your

lawn. If you leave footprints, it’s time to water.

19. When you shop for a new appliance, keep in mind that one offering several

different cycles will be more water and energy-efficient.

20. Time your shower to keep it under 5 minutes. You’ll save up to 3785 liters a month.

21. Install low-volume toilets.

22. When you clean your fish tank, use the water you’ve drained on your plants. The

water is rich in nitrogen and phosphorus, providing you with a free and effective

fertilizer.

23. Water small areas of grass by hand to avoid waste.

24. Put food coloring in your toilet tank. If it seeps into the toilet bowl, you have a leak.

It's easy to fix, and you can save more than 2271 liters a month.

25. Plug the bathtub before turning the water on, then adjust the temperature as the

tub fills up.

26. Use porous materials for walkways and patios to keep water in your yard and

prevent wasteful runoff.

27. Designate one glass for your drinking water each day. This will cut down on the

number of times you run your dishwasher/wash your utensils.

28. Instead of using a hose or a sink to get rid of paints, motor oil, and pesticides,

disposes of them properly by recycling or sending them to a hazardous waste site.

29. Install a rain shut-off device on your automatic sprinklers to eliminate unnecessary

watering.

30. Don’t use running water to thaw food.

31. Choose water-efficient drip irrigation for your trees, shrubs, and flowers. Watering

roots is very effective, be careful not to over water.

32. Grab a wrench and fix that leaky faucet. It’s simple, inexpensive, and can save 530

liters a week.



5 - 37

33. Cut back on the amount of grass in your yard by planting shrubs and ground cover

or landscaping with rock.

34. When doing laundry, match the water level to the size of the load.

35. Teach your children to turn the faucets off tightly after each use.

36. Remember to check your sprinkler system valves periodically for leaks and keep the

heads in good shape.

37. Before you lather up, install a low-flow showerhead. They’re inexpensive, easy to

install, and can save your family more than 1900 liters a week.

38. Soak your pots and pans instead of letting the water run while you scrape them

clean.

39. Don’t water your lawn on windy days. After all, sidewalks and driveways don’t need

water.

40. Water deeply but less frequently to create healthier and stronger landscapes.

41. Make sure you know where your master water shut-off valve is located. This could

save gallons of water and damage to your home if a pipe were to burst.

42. When watering grass on steep slopes, use a soaker hose to prevent wasteful runoff.

43. To get the most from your watering time, group your plants according to their water

needs.

44. Remember to weed your lawn and garden regularly. Weeds compete with other

plants for nutrients, light, and water.

45. While fertilizers promote plant growth, they also increase water consumption.

Apply the minimum amount of fertilizer needed.

46. Avoid installing ornamental water features unless the water is being recycled.

47. Use a commercial car wash that recycles water.

48. Don’t buy recreational water toys that require a constant flow of water.

49. Turn off the water while you brush your teeth and save 15 liters a minute. That’s

760 liters a week for a family of four.

50. Encourage your school system and local government to help develop and promote a

water conservation ethic among children and adults.

51. Teach your family how to shut off your automatic watering systems so anyone who

is home can turn sprinklers off when a storm is approaching.

52. Set a kitchen timer when watering your lawn or garden with a hose.

53. Make sure your toilet flapper doesn’t stick open after flushing.

54. Make sure there are aerators on all of your faucets.

55. Next time you add or replace a flower or shrub, choose a low water use plant for

year-round landscape color and save up to 2085 liters each year.

56. Spot spray or remove weeds as they appear.

57. Use a screwdriver as a soil probe to test soil moisture. If it goes in easily, don’t

water. Proper lawn watering can save thousands of liters of water annually.



5 - 38

58. Install a drip irrigation system around your trees and shrubs to water more

efficiently.

59. Mow your lawn as infrequently as possible. Mowing puts your lawn under

additional stress, causing it to require more water.

60. Don’t use the sprinklers just to cool off or for play. Running through water from a

hose or sprinkler wastes gallons of water.

61. Make sure your swimming pools, fountains, and ponds are equipped with

recirculating pumps.

62. Bathe your young children together.

5.13 Energy Efficiency Measures in a Typical Household

5.13.1 Hot Water

Repair leaky faucets.

Reduce the temperature setting of your water heater to warm (120 F).

Add an insulating blanket to your water heater.

Install low-flow showerheads

Wash clothes in warm or cold water using the appropriate water level setting for the

load.

Replace water heater, when needed, with an energy efficient model.

5.13.2 Major Appliances and Other Appliances

Maintain refrigerator at 37 to 40 F and freezer section at 5 F.

Maintain stand-alone freezer at 0 F.

Choose a refrigerator/freezer with automatic moisture control.

Use toaster ovens or microwave ovens for cooking small meals.

Adjust the flame on gas cooking appliances so it’s blue, not yellow.

Replace a gas-cooking appliance with a unit with an automatic, electric ignition

system.

Run the dishwasher only with a full load of dishes.

Air-dry dishes in a dishwasher.

Shut down home computers when not in use.

Select appliances (i.e., curling irons, coffee pots, irons) with time limited shut off

switches.

Replace aging major appliances, TVs and VCRs when needed, with energy efficient

models. Replacing a 1970s refrigerator with an energy efficiency refrigerator. This

can save over 2,000 kWh per year. This will also reduce carbon dioxide emissions

by over 2,000 pounds every year.

Increase Air Conditioner thermostat by 3 degrees F. This can save over 900 kWh per

year, annually and over 900 pounds of carbon dioxide each year. Depending on the

size of your home, you can save 3% on your cooling costs for every degree you raise



5 - 39

your thermostat in the summer. Raising the thermostat from 73 to 78 F degrees can

reduce cooling costs by 15%.

Make sure your air conditioner is the proper size for the area you are cooling. An air

conditioner that is too large will use more electricity than needed, an air conditioner

that is too small will have to work harder to cool a space. The recommended Air

conditioners based on the room size are as follows:

Area To Be Cooled (sq. ft.) Capacity (BTU/HR)

100 to 150 5,000

150 to 250 6,000

250 to 300 7,000

300 to 350 8,000

350 to 400 9,000

400 to 450 10,000

450 to 550 12,000

500 to 700 14,000

700 to 1,000 18,000

Only run the washing machine, dryer, and dishwasher when you have full loads.

Cool only the rooms you use and utilize fans when the temperature is moderate.

5.13.3 Lighting

Turn off lights when not in use.

Use task lighting whenever possible instead of brightly lighting an entire room.

Install compact fluorescent lamps in the fixtures which receive high use. Replace the

five most frequently used incandescent light bulbs with compact fluorescent bulbs.

This will save over 500 kWh per year, and of over 500 pounds CO2.

Electricity Savings, and Carbon Dioxide Emissions Avoided For Implementing

Efficiency and Conservation Measures in One Household

Household Measure Electricity saved for one

household (kWh/yr)

CO2 avoided in for one

household (lbs/yr)

Replace a 1970s refrigerator

w/a new ENERGY EFFICIENT

refrigerator

2,197 2,190

Increase AC thermostat by 3F

degrees for cooling 937 934

Replace 5 incandescent light

bulbs with compact fluorescent 562 560

Electricity Savings: Incandescent vs. Compact Fluorescent Lights

The following table shows the result of replacing one incandescent bulb with a compact

fluorescent bulb in one household.



5 - 40

Bulb Type 60 watt

incandescent

11 watt compact

fluorescent

Savings Over One

Years By

Replacing Bulb

Purchase Price Rs. 25 Rs. 50

Life of the Bulb 750 hours 10,000 hours

Number of Hours

Burned per Day

4 hours 4 hours

Number of Bulbs

Needed

About 2 over 1

years 1 over 6.8 years

Lumens 1,690 1,500

Total Cost of Bulbs Rs. 50 Rs. 50

Total energy used over 1

years

87.6 kWh per

household

60 w (4

hrs/day)(365

days/year)

(1 years) = 87600

watt-hours or

87.6kWh

16.06 kWh per

household

11 w (4

hrs/day)(365

days/year)

(1 years) = 16060

watts-hours or

16.06kWh

71.54 kWh per

household

Total CO2 emissions

over 1 yrs (avg emission

rate: 996.7 lbs/MWh or

0.9967 lbs/kWh)

39.6 kg per

household

87.6kWh (.9967

lbs/kWh) = 87.31 lbs

7.26 kg per

household

16.06 kWh (.9967

lbs/kWh) = 16lbs

32.34kg per

household

Total SO2 emissions over

1 yrs (avg emission rate:

5.1 lbs/MWh or 0.00511

lbs/kWh)

0.203 kg per

household

87.6 kWh (.00511


0. 037 kg

household

16.06kWh

(.00511 lbs/kWh)

= 0.082 lbs

0.166 kg per

household

Total NOx emissions

over 1 years (avg

emission rate: 1.9

lbs/MWh or 0.0019

lbs/kWh)

0.075kg per

household

87.6 kWh (.0019


0.014 kg per

household

16.06 kWh (.0019

lbs/kWh) =

0.0305 lbs

0.061 kg per

household

5.14 Risk Assessment and Disaster Management

Construction sites in general do not handle toxic and or hazardous chemicals in large

quantities, and the usage of the same is temporary for specific tasks. However the

construction activity has a number of hazards resulting injuries and fatalities, and are

not reported widely due to the unorganized nature of construction professions. The

proposed project shall ensure the safety of workers and equipment to reduce and

mitigate hazards. The hazards and mitigation measures due to various construction

activities, and hazards to specific professions of construction are discussed as follows;

Site planning and layout

Site planning is essential to ensure safety and health of workers, in urban work sites

which have space constraints. Site planning shall reduce and or help avoiding accidents

due to collision of men with material and equipment etc. It is essential to plan the



5 - 41

sequence of construction operations, access for workers on and around the site with

signage, location of work shops for welding, carpentary etc., location of first air facility,

adequate lighting for work areas, site security by provision of fence or barricades,

arrangements to keep the site tidy and for collection and removal of wastes.

Site tidiness

All the construction workers are briefed about the importance of keeping the site tidy,

by clearing the rubbish and scrap at the end of the day, to keep the work area clear of

equipment and material, by depositing the waste in a designated location, by cleaning

up spills of materials.

Excavation

Excavation for foundation and trenches involves removal of soil and rock. Excavation or

trenching plan shall consider underground services if any. The hazards related to

excavation are face collapse and injury or burial of workers by soil and rock, fall and slip

of people in excavated pits and trenches, and injury to workers due to falling material

or equipment. The precautions to be taken are protection of excavation faces by

support material, erection of shoring along trenches.

Urban areas have building properties adjacent to the developing site, in such cases it is

necessary to shore the face of adjacent property to avoid fall or collapse of neighboring

land or wall. Vehicular movement surrounding the excavated area needs to be

restricted so as to avoid face collapse, and possible injury to workers. Excavation areas

shall be provided with adequate lighting.

Scaffolding

One of the important and serious safety risk in construction activity is fall of person

from a height and fall of materials and objects from height resulting in injury to

workers. Scaffold is a supporting structure connecting two are more platforms used for

either storage of materials or as a work place. Guard rails and toe boards shall be

provided at every place where the height of scaffolding is more than 2 m. It shall be

ensured that scaffold is anchored and tied to the building, it is not overloaded with men

and material, it is examined (both bamboo or wood and rope) frequently for infection

by insects, and that timber, if used, is not painted.

Ladders

Ladders are most commonly used equipment, as it is readily available and inexpensive,

and is used widely. However the limitations of ladders are overlooked resulting in

injuries and fatalities. Ladders have limitations; allows only one person to work, climb,

and carry materials or work with one hand, restricts movement, should be secured all

the time either using ropes or other people. It is essential to secure the ladder before

use. The safe use of ladder involves; ensuring that there are no overhead power lines,

ladder extends at least one meter above the landing place, never use props to extend

the height of ladder, facing the ladder while climbing or descending, making sure foot

ware of ladder user is free of mud and grease, not to over balance or over reach and

using a hoist line instead of carrying materials.



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Steel Erection

Steel erection of building frames requires construction work at heights and in exposed

positions. However planning at the design stage, setting the sequence of operations,

supervising during construction, and usage of personal protective equipment like safety

belts in addition to provision of safety nets, anchorage points etc.

Confined Spaces

Construction work in confined spaces like open manholes, sewers, trenches, pipes,

ducts etc. may have dangerous atmosphere due to lack of oxygen or due to presence of

flammable or toxic gases. Work confined space is always conducted under supervision,

with adequate safety measures like; checking the atmosphere in confined space before

entry, provision of rescue harness to everyone, involvement of minimum of two

persons – one person for monitoring and ready for rescuing if needed, provision of

safety equipment like atmospheric testing device, safety harness, torch light, first aid

equipment, fire fighting apparatus, and resuscitation equipment.

Vehicles

The construction area shall have multiples of vehicles moving material with in the site

and from out side the site. The most common causes of onsite traffic incidents are;

bad driving technique, carelessness, carrying unauthorized passengers, poor

maintenance of vehicles, site congestion, overloading, and uneven ground and debris.

It is proposed to ensure that all drivers have appropriate driving license, routes are

planned, marked and leveled, enlisting additional workers during reversing, switching

off the engine during idling, and periodic maintenance schedule for all vehicles.

Movement of materials – Cranes and Hoists

Cranes and hoists are used for movement of materials within the site. The operators of

these machines are qualified and the cabins will have a signal chart to understand the

signals given by site workers. The site workers are trained in signals for transmitting to

the operators of these machines. Stability of these machines and overloading are

major concerns while operating these machines, hence it is necessary to avoid

overloading, and to ensure structural stability of these machines before use. The

cranes will have safety hooks, and the workers are trained in using the same, and

criticality of the hook. In case of hoists, it will be ensured that a gate is provided at each

platform, travel of passengers is avoided, and platforms are always aligned with landing

points.

Lifting and Carrying

Construction work involves a lot of manual labour resulting in stress and injury to the

workers. It is proposed to provide wheel burrows, trolleys etc., to avoid manual

carrying of materials. In situations where manual lifting of materials is needed, the

workers are trained in safety related to correct lifting technique, throwing technique in

addition to provision of personal protective equipment.

Working positions tools and equipment

There is an increased reliance of tools and equipment in the construction industry in the

past 15 years resulting in reduced risk of physical exhaustion. However the equipment,



5 - 43

working positions in using the equipment have its own hazards, which need to be

avoided to reduce risks like musculoskeletal disorders. It will be ensured that workers

preferably work in sitting posture with necessary tools handy, to avoid physical

exertion, the right tools are provided, and carrying tools in pockets avoided, and worn

out tools are replaced in time. In case of power driven tools, the dangerous part of the

machinery is always covered, the tool is never left in operation when not in use, and

power is switched off immediately in case of any incident, to avoid physical injury to

workers.

Working Environment

Many chemical substances like adhesives, cleaning agents, floor treatments, fungicides,

cements, grouts, insulants, sealants, paints, solvents etc. Solvents are critical

substances which require due attention as they are flammable and or toxic in few cases.

The usage of these chemical substances is always ensured to follow the instructions

mentioned by the manufacturers. Solvents will not be used for removal of paints and

grease from skin. Personal protective equipment is provided by the proponent and or

the contractor and the site safety executive shall ensure the same. Construction sites

are also major sources of noise resulting in hearing impairment. Hence it will be

ensured that all emission sources are provided with mufflers or silencers, motors are

covered, machinery panels are secured and are not allowed to rattle, and noise

attenuating screens are provided to segregate noisy working areas, in addition to

provision of personal protective equipment. Gloves are used when using Vibration

causing equipment. Adequate lighting is provided in work areas to mitigate hazards.

Health Hazards on Construction Sites

Construction works involve various trades with variable times of operation.

Construction operations have a number of potential hazardous operations and resulting

in health hazards to workers. Exposure differs from trade to trade, from job to job, by

the day, even by the hour. Exposure to any one hazard is typically intermittent and of

short duration, but is likely to reoccur. A worker may not only encounter hazards

related to his profession, but also encounters hazards related to other professions in

the vicinity. This pattern of exposure is a consequence of having many employers with

jobs of relatively short duration and working alongside workers in other trades that

generate other hazards. The hazard severity is contingent on concentration and

duration of exposure in a specific construction work. A list of hazards present for

workers in various trades is presented in table 5.7.

Table 5.7 list of hazards present for workers in various trades

Occupations Hazards

Brick masons Cement dermatitis, awkward

postures, heavy loads

Stonemasons Cement dermatitis, awkward postures, heavy loads

Hard tile setters Vapour from bonding agents, dermatitis, awkward

postures

Carpenters Wood dust, heavy loads, repetitive motion

Drywall installers Plaster dust, walking on stilts, heavy loads, awkward



5 - 44

Occupations Hazards

postures

Electricians Heavy metals in solder fumes, awkward posture,

heavy loads, asbestos dust

Electrical power installers and

repairers

Heavy metals in solder fumes, heavy loads, asbestos

dust

Painters Solvent vapours, toxic metals in pigments, paint

additives

Paperhangers Vapours from glue, awkward postures

Plasterers Dermatitis, awkward postures

Plumbers Fumes and particles, welding fumes

Pipefitters Fumes and particles, welding fumes, asbestos dust

Carpet layers Knee trauma, awkward postures, glue and glue

vapour

Soft tile installers Bonding agents

Concrete and terrazzo

finishers

Awkward postures

Glaziers Awkward postures

Insulation workers Asbestos, synthetic fibers, awkward postures

Paving, surfacing and tamping

equipment operators

Asphalt emissions, gasoline and diesel engine

exhaust, heat

Sheet metal duct installers Awkward postures, heavy loads, noise

Structural metal installers Awkward postures, heavy loads, working at heights

Welders Welding emissions

Solderers Metal fumes, lead, cadmium

Drillers, earth, rock Silica dust, whole-body vibration, noise

Air hammer operators Noise, whole-body vibration, silica dust

Pile driving operators Noise, whole-body vibration

Hoist and winch operators Noise, lubricating oil

Crane and tower operators Stress, isolation

Excavating and loading

machine operators

Silica dust, histoplasmosis, whole-body vibration,

heat stress, noise

Grader, dozer and scraper

operators

Silica dust, whole-body vibration, heat noise

Highway and street

construction workers

Asphalt emissions, heat, diesel engine exhaust

Truck and tractor equipment

operators

Whole-body vibration, diesel engine exhaust

Demolition workers Asbestos, lead, dust, noise

Hazardous waste workers Heat, stress

Construction Hazards

Hazards for construction workers are typically of four classes: chemical, physical,



5 - 45

biological and social.

Chemical hazards

Chemical hazards are mainly due to inhalation of dusts, fumes, mists, vapours or gases,

although some airborne hazards may settle on and be absorbed through the intact skin

(e.g., pesticides and some organic solvents). Chemical hazards also occur in liquid or

semi-liquid state (e.g., glues or adhesives, tar) or as powders (e.g., dry cement). Skin

contact with chemicals in this state can occur in addition to possible inhalation of the

vapor resulting in systemic poisoning or contact dermatitis. Chemicals might also be

ingested with food or water, or might be inhaled by smoking.

Several illnesses have been linked to the construction trades, among them: Silicosis

among sand blasters and rock drill operators; Asbestosis (and other diseases caused by

asbestos) among asbestos insulation workers, steam pipe fitters, building demolition

workers and others; Bronchitis among welders, Skin allergies among masons and others

who work with cement: Neurologic disorders among painters and others exposed to

organic solvents.

Physical hazards

Physical hazards are present in every construction project. These hazards include noise,

heat and cold, radiation, vibration and barometric pressure. Construction work often

must be done in extreme weather conditions. The usage of machines for construction

is resulting in noise. The sources of noise are engines of all kinds (e.g., on vehicles, air

compressors and cranes), winches, paint guns, pneumatic hammers, power saws,

sanders, planers and many more. It affects not only the person operating the machine,

but all the workers close-by. This may not only cause noise-induced hearing loss, but

also may mask other sounds that are important for communication and for safety.

Pneumatic hammers, many hand tools and earth-moving and other large mobile

machines also subject workers to segmental and whole-body vibration. Heat and cold

hazards arise primarily because a large portion of construction work is conducted while

exposed to the weather, the principal source of heat and cold hazards. Heavy

equipment operators may sit beside a hot engine and work in an enclosed cab with

windows and without ventilation. Those that work in an open cab with no roof have no

protection from the sun. A shortage of potable water or shade contributes to heat

stress as well. The principal sources of non-ionizing ultraviolet (UV) radiation are the

sun and electric arc welding. Lasers are becoming more common and may cause injury,

especially to the eyes, if the beam is intercepted. Strains and sprains are among the

most common injuries among construction workers. These, and many chronically

disabling musculoskeletal disorders (such as tendinitis, carpal tunnel syndrome and low-

back pain) occur as a result of either traumatic injury, repetitive forceful movements,

awkward postures or overexertion. Falls due to unstable footing, unguarded holes and

slips off scaffolding and ladders are very common.

Biological hazards

Biological hazards are presented by exposure to infectious micro-organisms, to toxic

substances of biological origin or animal attacks. Excavation workers, for example, can

develop histoplasmosis, an infection of the lung caused by a common soil fungus. Since



5 - 46

there is constant change in the composition of the labour force on any one project,

individual workers come in contact with other workers and, as a consequence, may

become infected with contagious diseases-influenza or tuberculosis, for example.

Workers may also be at risk of malaria disease if work is conducted in areas where

these organisms and their insect vectors are prevalent.

Social hazards

Employment in construction sector is intermittent, and control over many aspects of

employment is limited because construction activity is dependent on many factors over

which construction workers have no control, such as the state of an economy or the

weather. Because of the same factors, there can be intense pressure to become more

productive. Since the workforce is constantly changing, and with it the hours and

location of work, and many projects require living in work camps away from home and

family, construction workers may lack stable and dependable networks of social

support. Features of construction work such as heavy workload, limited control and

limited social support are the very factors associated with increased stress in other

industries. These hazards are not unique to any trade, but are common to all

construction workers in one way or another.

Decreasing exposure concentration

Three general types of controls can be used to reduce the concentration of

occupational hazards. These are, from most to least effective: engineering controls at

source, environmental controls that remove hazard from environment, personal

protection equipment provided to the worker.

Engineering controls

Hazards originate at a source. The most efficient way to protect workers from hazards is

to change the primary source with some sort of engineering change. For example, a less

hazardous substance can be substituted for one that is more hazardous. Water can be

substituted for organic solvents in paints. Similarly, non-silica abrasives can replace

sand in abrasive blasting (also known as sand blasting). Or a process can be

fundamentally changed, such as by replacing pneumatic hammers with impact

hammers that generate less noise and vibration. If sawing or drilling generates harmful

dusts, particulate matter or noise, these processes could be done by shear cutting or

punching. Technological improvements are reducing the risks of some musculoskeletal

and other health problems. Many of the changes are straightforward-for example, a

two-handed screwdriver with a longer handle increases torque on the object and

reduces stress on the wrists.

Environmental controls

Environmental controls are used to remove a hazardous substance from the

environment, if the substance is airborne, or to shield the source, if it is a physical

hazard. Provision of flexible Local exhaust ventilation (LEV) may be used. The simple

and effective method for controlling exposure to radiant physical hazards (noise,

ultraviolet (UV) radiation from arc welding, infrared radiant (IR) heat from hot objects)

is to shield them with some appropriate material. Plywood sheets shield IR and UV

radiation, and material that absorbs and reflects sound will provide some protection



5 - 47

from noise sources. Major sources of heat stress are weather and hard physical

labour. Adverse effects from heat stress can be avoided through reductions in the

workload, provision of water and adequate breaks in the shade and, possibly, night

work.

Personal protection

When engineering controls or changes in work practices do not adequately protect

workers, workers may need to use personal protective equipment (PPE). In order for

such equipment to be effective, workers must be trained in its use, and the equipment

must fit properly and be inspected and maintained. Furthermore, if others who are in

the vicinity may be exposed to the hazard, they should either be protected or

prevented from entering the area.

Eating and sanitary facilities

A lack of eating and sanitary facilities may also lead to increased exposures. Often,

workers cannot wash before meals and must eat in the work zone, which means they

may inadvertently swallow toxic substances transferred from their hands to food or

cigarettes. A lack of changing facilities at a worksite may result in transport of

contaminants from the workplace to a worker’s home. It is proposed to provide

separate temporary canteen and changing place for employees.



5 - 48

Annexure – A

Detailed Cost Estimate

Description

Capital cost in (Rs. Lakhs) Recurring cost in (Rs.Lakhs)

Construction

Phase

Occupation

Phase

Construction

Phase

Occupation

Phase

Air Pollution

Control

DG Stack 2.5 0.5

Personal protective equipments 0.4 0.5 0.2

Equipment maintenance 0.5 0.1 0.1

Sprinkling of water 2.0 0.8

Total 5.4 0.6 1.6

Water Pollution

Control

Sedimentation tank 0.3 0.1

Rain water harvesting pits 0.7 0.1

Rain water harvesting sump (KL) 0.6 0.2

Sewage treatment plant (KLD) 20.0

Temporary Toilets 0.6 0.1

Dual Plumbing 4.8 2.4

STP maintenance 7.0

Total 27.0 0.0 2.9 7.0

Noise Pollution

Control

Personal protective equipments 0.4 0.4 0.1

Acoustic enclosures 1.0 0.3 0.2

Total 1.4 0.7 0.3

Environmental

monitoring

Ambient air quality studies - Once

in six months - 2 locations 0.14

0.2

Water quality studies - Once a

year - 2 Locations 0.03

0.1

Noise studies - Once in six months

- 2 Locations 0.04

0.1

STP Lab 1.4 0.3

Total 0.2 1.4 0.3 0.3

Green belt &

Open area

development

Green belt 0.9 0.2 0.3

Horticulturists & Gardeners 1.4

Total 0.9 0.2 0.3 1.4

Solid Waste

Construction waste storage 2.5 0.3 1.0

Garbage Segregation point 3.0 0.3 0.3

Garbage 1.1

Total 5.5 0.6 1.3 1.1

Others

Solar lighting 1.5 0.3 0.3

Solar Heaters 13.7 0.3 0.3

Barricade 1.5

Safety Signage 0.3 0.1 0.1

LED Lighting 0.1 0.0 0.0

Roof insulation 2.7 0.3

Training & Mobilization 0.1 0.1

Total 19.8 0.0 0.8 1.0

Grand Total 60.1 2.1 6.9 12.7

LAXMI RAM HARAN M/s. RAMI REDDY CONSTRUCTIONS SURVEY NOS. 489/అ/అ, 484/అ/అ, 489/ఆ/ఆ,

489/అ/ఆ, 484/అ/ఆ, 489/ఇ/ఆ, 489/ఆ/ఇ, 484/అ/ఇ, 489/ఇ/ఇ AND 484/అ/ఈ, ATTAPUR,

RAJENDRA NAGAR, RANGA REDDY DISTRICT

Studies and Documentation by: Team Labs and Consultants (An ISO Certified Organization) B-115 -117 & 509, Annapurna Block, Aditya Enclave, Ameerpet, Hyderabad- 500 038 Phone: 91-040-23748555/23748616 Fax : 91-040-23748666 e-mail: [email protected]

Documents

M/s. RAMI REDDY CONSTRUCTIONS