Petroleum Development Oman L.L.C

Petroleum Development Oman L.L.C.

H2S and SO2 Management

H2S Respiratory Protective Equipment and Training

Document ID SP-1190 – 5

Document Type Specification

Security Unrestricted

Discipline Technical Safety Engineering

Owner MSE/4 – CFDH Technical Safety Engineering

Issue Date December 2019

Version 5.0

This document is the property of Petroleum Development Oman, LLC. Neither the whole nor any part of

this document may be disclosed to others or reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in

any form by any means (electronic, mechanical, reprographic recording or otherwise) without prior

written consent of the owner.

Petroleum Development Oman LLC

Version:5.0 Effective: Dec 2019

Page 2 SP-1190 – 5 H2S RPE & Training Printed 18/08/21

The controlled version of this CMF Document resides online in Livelink®. Printed copies are UNCONTROLLED.

i Document Authorisation

The following is a brief summary of the 4 most recent revisions to this document.

Version No. Date Author Scope / Remarks

5.0 Dec-19 Lesley Tallentire,

MSE47

First Issue of SP-1190-5 for RPE & Training. This

document is issued Rev 5.0

4.0 Nov -18 Lesley Tallentire,

MSE47

Updated to split the existing SP-1190 into sections.

3.0 Sep-11 Ian Jewitt, MSE4 Updated to (i) align with Shell DEP “Very Toxic”

terminology, (ii) reflect learning from Kashagan and

Harweel 2A/B projects, (iii) provide guidance on

partial classification and zoning of facilities, and (iv)

address over-conservatism for souring in high

percentage water cut reservoirs.

2.0 Nov-04 A.C. Sluijterman, UEP1 Revalidated and updated references.

1.0 Sep-00 A.C. Sluijterman, UEP1 PDO-ERD-08-04 rewritten to new format.

Definitions clarified.





Contents

i Document Authorisation ...................................................................................................................... 2

1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 4

1.1 Applicability and Timescale of Implementation for this Specification ......................................... 4

1.2 General Definitions ....................................................................................................................... 5

1.3 Abbreviations ................................................................................................................................ 5

2 Summary of PDO H2S Respiratory Protective Equipment (RPE) Requirements ................................... 6

3 RPE Total Inward Leakage and Protection Factors ............................................................................... 9

3.1 Equipment Selection based on Protection Factors ....................................................................... 9

4 Summary Selection of the appropriate Respiratory Protective Equipment ....................................... 11

4.1 RPE for Escape ............................................................................................................................. 11

4.2 RPE for Work – Breaking Containment ....................................................................................... 12

4.3 RPE for Rescue ............................................................................................................................ 12

4.4 RPE for Fire Fighting .................................................................................................................... 13

4.5 RPE for Drilling and Well Intervention ........................................................................................ 13

5 Additional RPE Requirements ............................................................................................................. 14

5.1 RPE Maintenance ........................................................................................................................ 14

6 Training Requirements ........................................................................................................................ 15

7 Appendix 1 Summary Tables for Escape and Working Equipment ..................................................... 18





1 Introduction

This document provides PDO with the basis for the selection of H2S Respiratory Protection

Equipment (RPE) for emergency use, working, such as for breaking containment and for use in

rescue and firefighting in Sour and Critical Sour Facilities.

The minimum requirements for H2S training are noted herein.

SP-1190 has been modified to standardise the approach taken to H2S and SO2 management within

the company, across the assets and directorates. This document SP-1190-5, fits into the structure

as noted below:

1190- 1 The Basics, Classification and Sour Contracts 1190-2 Well Engineering 1190-3 Engineering Design 1190-4 Operations 1190-5 H2S Respiratory Protective Equipment and Training

The other documents in the series shall be consulted and applied where appropriate. SP-1234 defines the requirements for personal protective equipment within PDO, which includes the specifications for RPE. This document supersedes SP-1234, for Respiratory Protective Equipment in Sour and Critical Sour Facilities for:

• Escape

• Working, such as breaking containment

• Rescue, and

• Fire Fighting. Where RPE is required to be used for working activities in Sweet facilities, it must also be suitable for persons with facial hair and shall comply with the requirements of RPE for Working. For simplicity, RPE for working (breaking containment) and rescue activities provided on Sweet facilities may be the same equipment as that provided under this document for Sour & Critical Sour.

1.1 Applicability and Timescale of Implementation for this Specification

This standard applies to all RPE equipment, as noted in Section 1, to be used at Sour and Critical

Sour Facilities, both on and off plot irrespective of employer.

There will be an initial period for facilities to bring themselves up to the recognised standard noted

within this Specification. All facilities shall be in compliance within 6 months of date of issue of this

Specification.





1.2 General Definitions

The lower-case word shall indicates a mandatory requirement.

The word should indicates a recommendation.

1.3 Abbreviations

APF Assigned Protection Factor

DWIX Drilling and Well Intervention Classification (See SP-1190-2)

EPZ Emergency Planning Zone

ERPG Emergency Response Planning Guidelines

H2S Hydrogen Sulphide

MRP Minimum Required Protection

NPF Nominal Protection Factor

RPE Respiratory Protective Equipment

SCBA Self Contained Breathing Apparatus

SIMOPS Simultaneous Operations

SO2 Sulphur Dioxide

STEL Short Term Exposure Limit (see SP-1190-1)

SWPF Simulated Workplace Protection Factor

TEZ Total Exclusion Zone

TWA Time Weighted Average (see SP-1190-1)





2 Summary of PDO H2S Respiratory Protective Equipment (RPE) Requirements

Within PDO, there are 4 main uses for RPE.

1. Escape

2. Working

3. Rescue

4. Firefighting

The general requirements for these functions are the relevant standards are noted in Table 2-1.

All RPE provided at site shall be in compliance with the PDO APPROVED RESPIRATORY PROTECTIVE EQUIPEMENT LIST - H2S ENVIRONMENTS & FIREFIGHTING, as appropriate.

It should be noted that all persons who are not clean shaven, or who have facial scarring or

unevenness in the area of the face seal shall use a set approved for such.

Most PDO field operations staff have facial hair. ALL RPE for Escape, Working, and for Rescue shall

be suitable for those with facial hair. It should be understood that the protection afforded by the

equipment will be greater for those who are clean shaven. Any testing conducted for facial hair shall

be clearly identified by the manufacturer, including any limitations, such as maximum beard length.

RPE for Firefighting shall be suitable for facial hair if those teams do not implement a clean-shaven

policy.

http://pdointernet/hseforcontractors/LibraryDocuments/132211157904808023.pdf

http://pdointernet/hseforcontractors/LibraryDocuments/132211157904808023.pdf





Table 2-1 Different Types of RPE Equipment for use in PDO Facilities

Equipment Type

Performance Requirements for PDO EN Standards

RPE for Escape is provided to each individual prior to, or on entering a facility / hazard area. Drilling and Well Intervention (DWI) activities may personal issue, or place in strategic locations in line with SP-1190-2.

Filter Hood Easy to don with minimal training. Can filter H2S for 30 minutes minimum, The hoods shall as a minimum; be fitted with a filter that provides protection against class B (inorganic gases) and E (acidic gases). Class B2/E2 filters are considered suitable for use, for a minimum duration of 30 minutes) Long shelf life, minimal maintenance, inspection & robust. The EPZ filter hoods shall be the same as those selected for use for on-plot Sour Sites. Must be demonstrated suitable for use with facial hair, as no clean-shaven policy.

EN 14387: 2004, ISO 16900-1:2019

Supplied Air Escape Set

Easy to don with minimal training. Suitable for all face shapes & sizes, no Face Fit Testing required Bottle capacity of at least 15 minutes, unless it can be demonstrated by Escape, Evacuation & Rescue Assessment that lesser is required. Simple maintenance and inspection and can be supported across the concession area. Must be demonstrated suitable for use with facial hair, as no clean-shaven policy.

EN-402 or EN 1146:2005 And ISO 16900-1:2019

Critical Sour Escape Set

Easy & very quick to don, easy to carry, extremely effective against gas ingress. Suitable for all face shapes & sizes, no Face Fit Testing required. Bottle capacity of at least 15 minutes, unless it can be demonstrated by Escape, Evacuation & Rescue Assessment that lesser is required. Simple maintenance and inspection and can be supported across the concession area. For simplicity should to be the same as Critical Sour Working & Escape Set, but with no need for an external connection (for cascade). Must be demonstrated suitable for use with facial hair, as no clean-shaven policy.

EN-402. Or EN 1146:2005 And ISO 16900-1:2019

RPE for Work & Breaking Containment (can be used for escape) is a Supplied Air set; either airline or cylinder supplied.

Critical Sour ‘Working & Escape Set’

Easy & very quick to don, Easy to carry & connect to supplied air system. Easy to disconnect from the supplied air, and return to bottle supply. Extremely effective against gas ingress. Bottle capacity for a minimum of 15 minutes. Simple maintenance & can be supported across the concession area.

EN-402 Or EN 1146:2005 And EN 137:2006





The equipment is only considered as a ‘set for work’ when it is connected to the external air supply, otherwise it is an ‘escape set’. Must be demonstrated suitable for use with facial hair, as no clean-shaven policy.

And EN-14593-1:2005 And ISO 16900-1: 2019

RPE for Rescue shall be demonstrated to be suitable for use with persons with facial hair. The selection shall be based on the hazard source strength, in line with Section 3.

Rescue Sets Provides highest protection factor to take account of the high breathing rate due to the workload that the rescue team may encounter. Sufficient air supply to perform rescue activities at site of at least 40 minutes, lightweight composite bottle, back mounted. Must be demonstrated suitable for use with facial hair.

EN 137:2006 EN 136:1998 And ISO 16900-1: 2019

RPE for Firefighting shall be demonstrated to be suitable for use with Facial hair if the firefighting team does not implement a clean-shaven policy. The selection shall be based on the hazard source strength, in line with Section 3

Firefighting Set

Provides highest protection factor to take account of the high breathing rate due to the workload that the fire team may encounter. Sufficient air supply to perform firefighting / rescue activities at site, lightweight composite bottle back mounted. Must be able to monitor air consumption and have verbal communication ability. Must be demonstrated suitable for use with facial hair, or implement a clean-shaven policy.

NFPA 1981 EN 137:2006 EN 136:1998 ISO 16900-1: 2019

It should be noted that all testing requirements for the RPE which are in compliance with the EN standards, are for clean-shaven personnel.





3 RPE Total Inward Leakage and Protection Factors

RPE manufacturers test their equipment to determine the protection that the hood / mask affords

to the wearer.

The ‘Total Inward leakage rate’, provides a ratio of the external environment contamination versus

the environment within the inner mouth / nose piece of the hood, based on laboratory conditions

with a small sample of persons. Tests are conducted in line with ISO 16900-1:2019. The TIL rate

can be converted to Nominal Protection Factors .

In line with EN529, there are a number of ways of expressing Protection Factors,

• Nominal Protection Factor (NPF); protection level which is supposed to be achieved by the

wearer, based on laboratory tests

• Assigned Protection Factor(APF); this is the protection level based on country specific

research / preference and is based on 95% of persons will achieve this level of protection,

which is typically lower than the NPF

• (Simulated) Workplace Protection Factor ((S)WPF); this is the protection level afforded to an

individual based on ‘simulated workplace environment’, taking account that 95% of persons

will achieve this level of protection. It is universally understood that the (S)WPF gives the

most appropriate protection factor, as it takes account of the movements that are likely at

site. The SWPF is only ‘appropriate’ for PDO, if it has been established for users with facial

hair.

Where a (Simulated) Workplace Protection Factor is not available, an Assigned Protection Factor may

be used, if agreed with MSE4.

Note: Nominal Protection Factors shall not be used to determine suitability of RPE.

APFs have historically been calculated without the presence of facial hair, and therefore cannot be

used if facial hair may be present.

3.1 Equipment Selection based on Protection Factors

Equipment shall be selected based on the expected levels of H2S at the facility. By using the

concentration of H2S within the fluid composition, rather than any dispersed concentration, the

allocation of RPE will be conservative. However, given the wide range of APFs , this is considered

appropriate.





Respiratory Protective Equipment shall be selected based on the ‘minimum required protection’

(MRP) required per location. This is established by:

𝑀𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚 𝑅𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛(𝑀𝑅𝑃) =𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑛𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑖𝑒𝑐𝑒

𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑖𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑖𝑒𝑐𝑒

(EN 529:2005)

Assistance should be sought from MSE47 in the selection of Escape RPE.

Within PDO the maximum contaminant level tolerable within the mask / hood is dependent upon

its use. The Impairment Limits are based on ERPG-2 limits for Escape Impairment and the 8 hour

TWA (H2S) and 15 minute STEL for SO2. See SP1190-1.

Table 3-1 Impairment Limits for RPE Equipment in use

H2S (ppm) SO2 (ppm)

For Escape 30 3

For Working, Rescue and Fire Fighting 5 0.25

The Minimum Required Protection shall then be compared with the Simulated Workplace Protection

Factors, or the AFP for the preferred equipment if appropriate.

(Simulated) Workplace Protection Factor, or Assigned Protection Factor

>>

Minimum Required Protection

The (S)WPF / APF for the selected RPE shall be greater than the MRP.





4 Summary Selection of the appropriate Respiratory Protective Equipment

4.1 RPE for Escape

The following flow charts identify where, and what types of RPE is to be used. This provides general

quick guidance. The actual selection shall be based on the Minimum Protection Factor being

satisfied as noted in Section 3.1. H2S RPE for Escape is not required at Sweet Facilities.

Figure 4-1 H2S RPE for Escape at Sour Sites

Figure 4-2 H2S RPE for Escape at Critical Sour Sites ^ Critical Sour Operations in Greater Birba require the use of ‘Working & Escape Set’ for general access. Critical Sour Escape Sets can be used if the risk assessment notes that the activity is not suitable for use with the ‘Working & Escape Set’.

Sour

On and Off Plot

Fenced Areas

Yellow Zone Entry

Filter HoodSupplied Air Escape Set

EPZ

Filter Hood

Critical Sour

On and Off Plot

Fenced Areas

Red Zone

Critical Sour 'Working & Escape Set'

Critical Sour Escape Set ^ Critical Sour 'Working & Escape Set' ^

Critical Sour Escape Set

EPZ

Filter Hood

No Yes

Yes No

No Yes

or





4.2 RPE for Work – Breaking Containment

Determining whether RPE is required for Work Activities is defined in other PDO procedures such as

PR-1148, Confined Space Entry, PR-1076 Isolation of Process Equipment and PR-1077 Preparation of

Static Equipment for Internal Maintenance and Inspection etc. Section 3.1 advises how to select and

demonstrate that the RPE for working and breaking containment is suitable for use in the relevant

environment.

Persons using RPE for Work shall be Face Fit Tested in accordance with PDO PR-2108, unless RPE

manufacturer demonstrates that this is unnecessary.

Figure 4-3 RPE for Working and Breaking Containment at All Facilities

4.3 RPE for Rescue

Rescue Sets shall be provided to facilities in accordance with Table 2-1 and shall comply with the

standards therein. They shall be suitable for use with facial hair.

Rescue Team members shall be Face Fit Tested in accordance with PDO PR-2108 unless the RPE


Figure 4-4 RPE for Rescue at all Facilities (RPE for Breaking Containment and Rescue may be the same equipment)

All Facilities

Critical Sour 'Working &

Escape Set' with Airline connection

Rescue Set

All Facilities

Rescue Set

or





4.4 RPE for Fire Fighting

All RPE for Fire Fighting should be standardised across the PDO concession area.

RPE for Fire Fighting shall be provided to facilities in accordance with Section 3.1., and shall comply

with the standards noted in the relevant part of Table 2-1.

RPE for Fire Fighting shall be suitable for use with facial hair if the Fire Fighting team does not

implement a clean shaven policy.

Fire Fighting Team members shall be Face Fit Tested in accordance with PDO PR-2108 unless RPE


4.5 RPE for Drilling and Well Intervention

See Section 7, Table 7-2 Summary of RPE for Escape and Working on Rigs / Well Test Units. for

Escape, Working / Breaking Containment requirements on rigs.

For Rescue see Section 4.3.





5 Additional RPE Requirements

Appropriate RPE is demonstrated / used in the PDO H2S Training courses. The requirements of such

are addressed in Section 6 of this document.

The Assets shall put a tracking system in place to control the issue and return of the equipment.

Critical Sour & Sour Facilities should provide a site specific induction for their facility, such that

Operations Staff can satisfy themselves that persons on the facility are competent to use the RPE

which they carry.

A suitable storage shall be provided in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions

5.1 RPE Maintenance

In accordance with EN 529, maintenance of the equipment is required to be carried out by competent

persons and in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.





6 Training Requirements

Those persons, who enter facilities where hydrocarbons, H2S and SO2 may be present, including wells,

shall be made aware of the potential hazards involved in their respective work areas. Workers shall be

provided with the information of how to protect themselves against exposure to H2S & SO2.

The objectives of the training are to:

1. Provide awareness of H2S and SO2 hazards and effects. 2. Provide awareness of facility classification and requirements of working facilities with H2S. 3. Provide knowledge of Escape RPE required for Sour facilities. 4. Provide knowledge of emergency response.

All PDO facilities are classified in accordance with the potential consequences based on the process

conditions and the concentration of H2S in the equipment. Facilities are classified in line with SP-1190-1

and Zoned in accordance with SP-1190-3.

Within the PDO concession area, all persons carrying Escape RPE equipment will need to be trained in its

use. The training courses should align with an agreed selection of the MSE4 Approved RPE List provided

on the H2S Website.

Two training courses are provided, based on the Facility Classification.

Table 6-1 provides a summary of which course shall be applicable and identifies the type of equipment

to be demonstrated & practiced within the courses.

Persons who shall be part of the Emergency Response Team, Fire Fighting Team, or are expected to use

Working Supplied Air will be provided with additional separate SCBA training.

For those workers who do not go to site, (e.g. process plant, off plot and wellheads) the H2S information

/ awareness is provided in the company induction.





Table 6-1 H2S Training Course Requirements

Training Course Name

Valid for: Duration Theory / Practical duration

RPE covered Re-Certification freq.

H2S and SO2 Awareness Part 1

Entry to Sweet Facilities

Morning (4 hours)

1.5hr / 2.5hr Filter Hood + Escape Set As noted in SP-1157

Entry to Sour Facilities or their EPZ

H2S and SO2 Awareness Part 2

Entry to Critical Sour Facilities or their EPZ.

Full Day Same as Sour Course + afternoon (3 hours)

1 hr / 2.hr Filter Hood + Escape Set Critical Sour Escape Set + Critical Sour ‘Working & Escape Set’

As noted in SP-1157

If a contractor company working for PDO wishes to use RPE, for which training is not provided for, in the

PDO approved Training Course, then additional training will need to be provided by the contractor

company. The RPE must demonstrated to be suitable for use in line with Sections 3 and 4 of this

document. Records of this training will be kept by the contractor company and be available for PDO

inspection upon request.

The topics to be addressed in each course are defined in Table 6-2.





Table 6-2 Training Requirements per Course

Sour Critical Sour

The Basics 1. Hazards, characteristics & properties of hydrogen

sulphide (H2S) and sulphur dioxide (SO2). 2. Sources of H2S & SO2. 3. Symptoms of H2S and SO2 exposure. 4. Effects of H2S & SO2 on process systems. 5. Emergency response procedures that have been

established for PDO facilities classified as High Risk Sour or Critical Sour.

PDO Specific 6. Facility Classification for Sour, include details of

Yellow Zones, SIMOPS Zones, Emergency Planning Zone (EPZ) and Well Testing Flaring Zones

7. Access control requirements for PDO facilities classified as Sour, including selection of RPE for working area (personal gas monitor, filter hoods, escape sets, etc), and notes on confined space entry procedures.

8. Awareness of the different Respiratory Protective Equipment (RPE) and H2S detectors in use for Sour PDO facilities - Filter Hood + Escape Set

9. The limitations of this course, what you can and cannot do upon completion of this course.

Practical Session 10. Correct use of H2S & SO2 detection methods at the

workplace. 11. Proper response to warning signals for H2S & SO2

detection systems used at the workplace. 12. Wind direction awareness and routes of egress. 13. Demonstrated checks, use & care of RPE, Filter Hood

+ Escape Set for escaping from an H2S & SO2 atmosphere.

14. Practice donning & escaping with Filter Hood + Escape Set

As Full Sour Course + Provide details of 1. Facility Classification of Critical Sour

Facilities, include details of Details of Red and Yellow Zones.

2. Access control requirements for PDO facilities classified as Critical Sour, including selection of protective equipment (personal gas monitor, filter hoods, escape sets, etc).

Practical Session In addition to the Sour Practical Session 3. Demonstrated checks, use & care of RPE,

Critical Sour Escape Set + Critical Sour ‘Working & Escape Set’ for escaping from an H2S & SO2 atmosphere.

4. Practice donning & escaping with Critical Sour Escape Set + Critical Sour ‘Working & Escape Set’.





7 Appendix 1 Summary Tables for Escape and Working Equipment

Table 7-1 Summary of RPE for Escape and Working / Breaking Containment in PDO Facilities

Facility

Classification

Facility Zone RPE for Escape RPE Working in H2S

Environment / Breaking

Containment

Sweet Facility NA Not required Critical Sour ‘Working &

Escape Set’ (external air supply

connected),or

Rescue Set*

Sour Facility General or SIMOPS

Outer

Filter Hood As above

Sour Facility Yellow or SIMOPS Inner Escape Set

Critical Sour Escape

Set^+

As above

Critical Sour Yellow Critical Sour Escape

Set^

Critical Sour ‘Working

& Escape Set’

As above

Critical Sour Red Critical Sour ‘Working

& Escape Set’

As above

Critical Sour SIMOPS Inner Critical Sour Escape

Set

Critical Sour ‘Working

& Escape Set’

As above

Critical Sour SIMOPS Outer Filter Hood As above

Sour / Critical Sour EPZ Filter Hood As above

The definitions of EPZ, Red, Yellow Zones & SIMOPS Zones are contained within SP-1190-3, whilst Classification is addressed in SP-1190-1.

*Those using Rescue Sets shall participate in the PDO Approved SCBA Training

^ Critical Sour Operations require the use of ‘Working & Escape Set’ for general access. Critical Sour Escape Sets can be used if the risk assessment notes that the activity is not suitable for use with the ‘Working & Escape Set’. + Critical Sour Escape Sets can be used in Sour facilities, as their protection factor is greater than required





Table 7-2 Summary of RPE for Escape and Working on Rigs / Well Test Units

DWI 1, 2 and 3 are the Drilling and Well Intervention Classifications as defined in SP-1190-2.

Wells Classification

Zone, if Any

RPE for Escape RPE Working in H2S Environment / Breaking Containment

DWI 1 None Rescue Set*

DWI 2 Filter Hood Critical Sour ‘Working & Escape

Set’ (external air supply connected),or

Rescue Set*

DWI 3 Critical Sour Escape Set, or

Critical Sour ‘Working & Escape

Set’

As above

Well Test Flaring TEZ Rescue Set As above

SPZ Critical Sour Escape Set, or

Critical Sour ‘Working & Escape

Set’

Rescue Set

As above

DWI2 or DWI3 EPZ Filter Hood As above

The definitions of EPZ is contained within SP-1190-3. Well Classification, Yellow Zones and TEZ are addressed in SP-1190-2.

*Those using Rescue Sets shall participate in the PDO Approved SCBA Training

In DWI activities, Rescue teams shall be provided with Rescue Sets, in compliance with Table 2-1.