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Planning Stage

For an argument essay to be effective, it must contain certainelements that will persuade the audience to see things from yourperspective. For this reason, you must take a few minutes to planand prepare before you jump into writing an argument essay.

Find a Good Topic

To find good topic for an argument essay you should considerseveral issues that will have two conflicting points of view orvery different conclusions. As you look over a list of topicsyoushould find one that really sparks your interest.

While a strong interest in a topic is important, it's not enoughto be interested. You have to consider what position you can backup with reasoning and evidence. It's one thing to have a strongbelief, but when shaping an argument you'll have to explain whyyour belief is reasonable and logical.

As you explore the topics, make a mental list of points you coulduse as evidence for or against an issue.

Consider Both Sides of Your Topic and Take a PositionOnce you have selected a topic you feel strongly about, you shouldmake a list of points for both sides of the argument and pick aside. One of your first objectives in your essay will be topresent both sides of your issue with an assessment of each. Ofcourse, you will conclude that one side (your side) is the bestconclusion.

In the planning stage you will need to consider strong argumentsfor the "other" side. Then you'll shoot them down!

Gather EvidenceWhen we think of arguments we might picture two red-faced peoplespeaking quite loudly and making dramatic gestures. But that'sbecause face-to-face arguments often become emotional. In fact,the act of arguing involves providing proof to support your claim,with or without emotions.

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In an argument essay you will have to provide evidence withoutproviding too much drama. You'll explore two sides of a topic(briefly) and provide proof as to why one side or position is thebest one.

Writing Stage

Once you've given yourself a solid foundation to work with, youcan begin to craft your essay. An argument essay should containthree parts: theintroduction, the body, and the conclusion. Thelength of these parts (number of paragraphs) will vary, dependingon the length of your essay assignment.1. Introduce your topic and assert your sideAs in any essay, the first paragraph of your argument essay shouldcontain a brief explanation of your topic, some backgroundinformation, and athesis statement. In this case, your thesis willbe a statement of your position on a particular controversialtopic.

Example introductory paragraph with thesis statement:

Since the turn of the new century, a theory has emerged concerningthe end of the world, or at least the end of life as we know it.This new theory centers around the year 2012, a date that manyclaim has mysterious origins in ancient manuscripts from manydifferent cultures. The most noted characteristic of this date isthat it appears to mark the end of the Mayan calendar. But thereis no evidence to suggest that the Maya saw any great relevance tothis date. In fact, none of the claims surrounding a 2012 doomsdayevent hold up to scientific inquiry. The year 2012 will pass without amajor, life-altering catastrophe.2. Present both sides of the controversy

The body of your essay will contain the meat of your argument. Youshould go into more detail about the two sides of your controversyand state the strongest points of the counter-side of your issue.

After describing the "other" side, you will present your ownviewpoint and then provide evidence to show why your position isthe correct one.

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Select your strongest evidence and present your points one by one.Use a mix of evidence types, from statistics, to other studies andanecdotal stories. This part of your paper could be any length,from two paragraphs to two hundred pages.

Re-state your position as the most sensible one in your summaryparagraphs.

Tips for Your Essay: Avoid emotional language Know the difference between a logical conclusion and an

emotional point of view Don't make up evidence Cite your sources Make an outline Be prepared to defend your side by knowing the strongest

arguments for the other side. You might be challenged by theteacher or by another student.

What is an argumentative essay?

The argumentative essay is a genre of writing that requires the student to investigate a topic; collect, generate, and evaluate evidence; and establish a position on the topic in a concise manner.

Please note: Some confusion may occur between the argumentative essay and the expository essay. These two genres are similar, but the argumentative essay differs from the expository essay in the amount of pre-writing (invention) and research involved. The argumentative essay is commonly assigned as a capstone or final project in first year writing or advanced composition courses and involves lengthy, detailed research. Expository essays involve less research and are shorter in length. Expository essays are often used for in-class writing exercises or tests, such as the GED or GRE.

Argumentative essay assignments generally call for extensive research of literature or previously published material. Argumentative assignments may also

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require empirical research where the student collects data through interviews, surveys, observations, or experiments. Detailed research allows the student to learn about the topic and to understand different points of view regarding the topic so that she/he may choose a position and support it with the evidence collected during research. Regardless of the amount or type of research involved,argumentative essays must establish a clear thesis and follow sound reasoning.

The structure of the argumentative essay is held together by the following.

A clear, concise, and defined thesis statement that occurs in the first paragraph of the essay.

In the first paragraph of an argument essay, students should set the context by reviewing the topic in a general way. Next the author should explain why the topic is important (exigence) or why readers should care about the issue. Lastly,students should present the thesis statement. It is essential that this thesis statement be appropriately narrowed to follow the guidelines set forth in the assignment. If the student does not master this portion of the essay, it will be quite difficult to compose an effective or persuasive essay.

Clear and logical transitions between the introduction, body, and conclusion.

Transitions are the mortar that holds the foundation of the essay together. Without logical progression of thought, the reader is unable to follow the essay’s argument, and the structure will collapse. Transitions should wrap up theidea from the previous section and introduce the idea that is to follow in the next section.

Body paragraphs that include evidential support.

Each paragraph should be limited to the discussion of one general idea. This will allow for clarity and direction throughout the essay. In addition, such conciseness creates an ease of readability for one’s audience. It is important tonote that each paragraph in the body of the essay must have some logical connection to the thesis statement in the opening paragraph. Some paragraphs willdirectly support the thesis statement with evidence collected during research. Itis also important to explain how and why the evidence supports the thesis (warrant).

However, argumentative essays should also consider and explain differing points of view regarding the topic. Depending on the length of the assignment, students should dedicate one or two paragraphs of an argumentative essay to discussing conflicting opinions on the topic. Rather than explaining how these differing opinions are wrong outright, students should note how opinions that do not align with their thesis might not be well informed or how they might be out of date.

Evidential support (whether factual, logical, statistical, or anecdotal).

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The argumentative essay requires well-researched, accurate, detailed, and current information to support the thesis statement and consider other points of view. Some factual, logical, statistical, or anecdotal evidence should support the thesis. However, students must consider multiple points of view when collecting evidence. As noted in the paragraph above, a successful and well-rounded argumentative essay will also discuss opinions not aligning with the thesis. It is unethical to exclude evidence that may not support the thesis. It is not the student’s job to point out how other positions are wrong outright, butrather to explain how other positions may not be well informed or up to date on the topic.

A conclusion that does not simply restate the thesis, but readdresses it inlight of the evidence provided.

It is at this point of the essay that students may begin to struggle. This is the portion of the essay that will leave the most immediate impression on the mind of the reader. Therefore, it must be effective and logical. Do not introduceany new information into the conclusion; rather, synthesize the information presented in the body of the essay. Restate why the topic is important, review the main points, and review your thesis. You may also want to include a short discussion of more research that should be completed in light of your work.

A complete argument

Perhaps it is helpful to think of an essay in terms of a conversation or debate with a classmate. If I were to discuss the cause of World War II and its current effect on those who lived through the tumultuous time, there would be a beginning, middle, and end to the conversation. In fact, if I were to end the argument in the middle of my second point, questions would arise concerning the current effects on those who lived through the conflict. Therefore, the argumentative essay must be complete, and logically so, leaving no doubt as to its intent or argument.

The five-paragraph essay

A common method for writing an argumentative essay is the five-paragraph approach. This is, however, by no means the only formula for writing such essays.If it sounds straightforward, that is because it is; in fact, the method consistsof (a) an introductory paragraph (b) three evidentiary body paragraphs that may include discussion of opposing views and (c) a conclusion.

Longer argumentative essays

Complex issues and detailed research call for complex and detailed essays. Argumentative essays discussing a number of research sources or empirical research will most certainly be longer than five paragraphs. Authors may have to discuss the context surrounding the topic, sources of information and their credibility, as well as a number of different opinions on the issue before concluding the essay. Many of these factors will be determined by the assignment.

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There are almost 78 organs in a human body which vary according to their sizes,functions or actions. An organ is a collection of millions of cells which grouptogether to perform single functions in a our body. The cells in these body organs arehighly specialized and form for all the necessary actions for some specific time. Outof these 78 organs of a male or female body, skin is the largest organ with respect toits size and weight. The major organ in the body of human beings is the brain which isprimarily responsible for performing all the functions and actions of the body. Othermajor organs of the body are given in the following list with names, diseases,location and functions.

Adrenal Glands Anus Appendix Bladder Bones Brain Bronchi Ears Esophagus Eyes Gall Bladder Genitals Heart Hypothalamus Kidneys Large Intestine Larynx (voice box) Liver Lungs Lymph Nodes Mouth Nose Pancreas Parathyroid Glands Pituitary Gland Prostate Rectum Salivary Glands Skeletal Muscles Skin Small Intestine Spinal Cord Spleen Stomach Thymus Gland Trachea Thyroid Ureters Urethra

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Largest Organs Of The BodyBrainBrain is the third largest and major organ of human body. Its average weight in anormal human body is 1,263 gms. The brain controls and governs the actions of all thebody parts. There are about 100 billion cells in human brain enabling 100 trillionnerve connections with nerve cells for messaging.read more

ThyroidThyroid is the ninth biggest human organ.The average weight of thyroid gland in humanbody is 35 grams. It is the largest gland in the human body. The function of thisgland is to produce thyroxine and triiodothyronine hormones.read more

SkinSkin is the largest organ of our body. The average weight of skin in the body is about10,886 grams which varies according to the size and weight of human beings. Human skinis made up of different ectodermic tissues and it protects all the inner body organslike liver, glands, stomach, heart etc. Its other ...read more

Functions Diseases

LungsLungs are the fourth biggest organ. The average weight of both lungs in a normal humanbeing is about 1,090 gms. The major function of lungs is to inhale oxygen and exhalecarbon dioxide out of the red blood cells. The lungs can hold a total of up to 5liters of air. The adult lungs have an...read more

Diseases

HeartHeart is the fifth largest and most important organ in humans that is essential forall living beings. The major function of the heart is to pump the blood and to ensurethe provision of nutrients to every part in the body. In males the average weight ofheart is 315 gms while in females this weight is about 265 gms.

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read more

PancreasPancreas is the eighth largest human organ with an average weight of 98 grams in ahuman. It is one of the most important glands which produce several hormones includinginsulin, glucagon, and somatostatin. The pancreas is a dual-function gland, havingfeatures of both endocrine.read more

Functions

LiverLiver is the second largest organ in the body males or females. Its average weight ina normal human body is 1,560 gms. The liver receives blood full of digested food fromthe gut. It stores some foods and delivers the rest to the other cells through blood.Another among many other functions of liver is to...read more

Functions Diseases

SpleenSpleen is the seventh largest organ of humans. It weighs 170 grams and measures equalto the size of a human fist. It is mainly responsible for producing the red and whiteblood cell pulp. Spleen also contributes significantly to the immune system which actsas a strong defense against infections. It...read more

ProstateProstate is the tenth largest human organ with an average weight of 20 grams. Locatedbetween the penis and the bladder, Prostate gland secretes liquid which contain afluid to protect and nourish the sperms. Urethra runs through the center of prostatewhose basic purpose is to excrete the urine from...read more

KidneysKidneys are the sixth largest organ in human body. There are two kidneys in everyhuman being and the average weight of both the kidneys is about 290 grams. The majorfunction of a kidney is to remove the waste products from the blood by regulatingwater fluid levels. Both these kidneys filter our...read more

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Functions

StomachThe stomach is a muscular J-shaped organ of the digestive system. This organ liesbetween the esophagus and the duodenum. It secretes gastric juices and a hormonecalled gastrin into the blood. This human organ is about 12 inches long and 6 incheswide and can hold about one quarter of semi liquid chime.read more

Diseases

BladderBladder is an organ that receives urine excreted from the kidneys before urination. Itlies just above the pubic bone. Urine moves down to the bladder through ureters andexcretes through urethera. A normal urinary bladder can carry about 400 to 600 ml ofurine on average. Urination frequency primarily...read more

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