Plato’s Myths, edited by Catalin Partenie (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009)

‘Given the list of contributors, it goes without saying that the overall standard is high, and that each paper has something to offer the student of the particular dialogue discussed.’

Christopher C. W. Taylor (Corpus Christi College, Oxford), Phronesis ‘[…] un outil de travail indispensable pour les spécialistes de Platon et plus généralement pour toute personne intéressée par le rapport complexe que la philosophie entretient, dès ses débuts, avec le mythe.’

Leopoldo Iribarren (Leiden University), Philosophie Antique ‘[All essays] are interesting, well-written and useful, and some […] are outstanding. Kudos is due to Catalin Partenie for successfully insisting on a place for Plato’s myths on the philosophers’ agenda. The book is also beautifully produced.’

Borje Byden (Stockholm University), Rhizomata ‘[…] a stimulating and varied volume which will serve to encourage further interpretive wrestling with the myths and to promote the need to treat the myths as integral elements of their dialogues.’

Jenny Bryan (University College London), Scholia Reviews ‘[…] una miscellanea eccellente e ben curata.’

Emanuele Maffi (Università degli Studi di Milano), Méthexis ‘This is a very helpful volume, with insightful chapters contributed by distinguished scholars on Plato’s major myths.’

Kenneth Dorter (University of Guelph, Canada), Polis

‘[…] an excellent collection. […] Anyone with a philosophical interest in Plato's myths will find Partenie's collection rewarding, and it is necessary reading for those interested in publishing on the topic. All of the articles are of high-quality, and many of them are truly excellent. The book itself is attractive and well-edited.’

Emily Austin (Wake Forest University, USA), Bryn Mawr Classical Review

‘L’excellent volume édité par Catalin Partenie […] ouvre de nouvelles voies de réflexion autour d’un problème crucial non seulement pour la philosophie de Platon, ou même pour la philosophie tout court.’

Zoe Petre (University of Bucharest), Scholia. Studies in Classical Antiquity ‘Dicho esto, sin embargo, como esperamos haber mostrado, todos los textos que componen este volumen resultan de sumo interés y aportan nuevas luces sobre un fenómeno de innegable importancia.’

Rodrigo Ferradas Samanez (Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú), Arete. Revista de Filosofía

‘No important myth from the Platonic corpus is left unstudied in this valuable collection. Partenie deserves praise for collecting a stellar list of contributors, and for promoting the scholarly study of Plato’s myths.’

Robin Waterfield (Lakonia, Greece), The Heythrop Journal

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Frontispiece. Reverse of medal of Passeri, from I. P. Tomasinus,Illustrium virorum elogia, Padua, 1630 (photo: Warburg Institute)

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PLATO’S MYTHS

edited by

CATALIN PARTENIE

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cambridge university pressCambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo, Delhi

Cambridge University PressThe Edinburgh Building, Cambridge cb2 8ru, UK

Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York

www.cambridge.orgInformation on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521887908

© Cambridge University Press 2009

This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exceptionand to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements,

no reproduction of any part may take place withoutthe written permission of Cambridge University Press.

First published 2009

Printed in the United Kingdom at the University Press, Cambridge

A catalogue record for this publication is available from the British Library

Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication data

isbn 978-0-521-88790-8 hardback

Cambridge University Press has no responsibility forthe persistence or accuracy of URLs for external orthird-party internet websites referred to in this book,and does not guarantee that any content on suchwebsites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate.

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Contents

List of illustrations page viiList of contributors ixPreface xiiiAcknowledgements xvList of abbreviations xvi

IntroductionCatalin Partenie 1

1. Plato’s eschatological mythsMichael Inwood 28

2. Myth, punishment and politics in the GorgiasDavid Sedley 51

3. Tale, theology and teleology in the PhaedoGábor Betegh 77

4. Fraternité, inégalité, la parole de Dieu: Plato’s authoritarianmyth of political legitimationMalcolm Schofield 101

5. Glaucon’s reward, philosophy’s debt: the myth of ErG. R. F. Ferrari 116

6. The charioteer and his horses: an example of Platonicmyth-makingChristopher Rowe 134

7. The myth of the StatesmanCharles H. Kahn 148

8. Eikōs muthosM. F. Burnyeat 167

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9. Myth and eschatology in the LawsRichard Stalley 187

10. Platonic myth in Renaissance iconographyElizabeth McGrath 206

Suggested further reading 239Bibliography 240Index 251

vi Contents

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Illustrations

Frontispiece. Reverse of medal of Passeri, from I. P. Tomasinus,Illustrium virorum elogia, Padua, 1630(photo: Warburg Institute) page ii1. Francesco Furini, Celebration of Plato and the Platonic

Academy in Florence. Fresco, 1639–42. Florence, Palazzo Pitti,Sala degli Argenti (photo: Alinari). 207

2. Pietro Testa, The Symposium. Engraving, dated 1648(photo: Warburg Institute). 209

3. Frontispiece to Book I of Aristotle’s Ethics. Neapolitanmanuscript of c.1500. Vienna, ÖsterreichischeNationalbibliothek, Cod. Phil. Gr. IV, fol. 1 (photo:Österreichische Nationalbibliothek picture archive). 210

4. Nicolas Béatrizet after Baccio Bandinelli, Psychomachia.Engraving, 1545 (photo: Warburg Institute). 213

5. Adamo Scultori, frontispiece to Rime degli Academici Eterei,Padua [1567] (photo: Warburg Institute). 215

6. Adamo Scultori after Giulio Romano, The chariot of the soul.Engraving, mid-sixteenth century (photo: Warburg Institute). 216

7. ‘Platonic Chariot’ from Berlinghiero Gessi, La spada di honore.Libro primo, Bologna, 1671 (photo: Warburg Institute). 217

8. Florentine, Bust of a youth with a medallion. Bronze, latefifteenth century, Florence, Bargello (photo: Alinari). 219

9. Giulio della Torre, ‘Auriga Platonis’. Reverse of medalof Francesco della Torre, late 1530s. Turin, Museo Civicod’Arte Antica (from Hill 1930). 220

10. Giovanni Cavino, Platonic androgyne. Reverse of medal ofMarcantonio Passeri, 1560s. London, British Museum (photo:Warburg Institute). 221

11. Reverse of medal of Passeri, from I. P. Tomasinus, Illustriumvirorum elogia, Padua, 1630 (photo: Warburg Institute). 223

vii

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12. Jan Saenredam after Cornelis van Haarlem, AntrumPlatonicum. Engraving, 1604 (photo: Warburg Institute). 230

13. After Niccolò dell’Abbate, Plato’s Cave (?). Drawing,mid-sixteenth century. London, British Museum (photo:British Museum). © The Trustees of the British Museum. 232

14. French or Flemish, Plato’s Cave. Oil on canvas, late sixteenthcentury. Douai, Musée de la Chartreuse, inv. 2787 (photo:Musée de la Chartreuse). 234

15. Agostino Carracci, The Harmony of the Cosmos. FirstIntermezzo, 1589. Engraving (photo: Warburg Institute). 235

16. Bernardo Buontalenti, Anankê and the Fates. Drawing, 1589.Florence, Biblioteca Nazionale (photo: Warburg Institute). 236

17. Plate III from Johannes Kepler, Mysterium cosmographicum,Tübingen (Georgius Gruppenbachius) 1597 (photo: WarburgInstitute). 237

viii Illustrations

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Contributors

gabor betegh is Associate Professor of philosophy at the CentralEuropean University, Budapest. He is the author of The Derveni Papyrus:Cosmology, Theology and Interpretation (Cambridge University Press, 2004)and papers on different aspects of ancient metaphysics, cosmology andethics. He is also a contributor to Der Neue Pauly Reallexikon der Antike.

m. f. burnyeat is Honorary Fellow of Robinson College, Cambridge,and Emeritus Fellow in philosophy at All Souls College, Oxford. He isthe author of A Map of Metaphysics Zeta (2001) and The Theaetetus ofPlato (1990), and editor of The Skeptical Tradition (1983). He has editedBernard Williams, The Sense of the Past: Essays in the History of Philosophy(2006), and co-edited The Original Sceptics: A Controversy (with MichaelFrede, 1997), Philosophy As It Is (with Ted Honderich, 1989), and DoubtandDogmatism: Studies inHellenistic Epistemology (withMalcolm Schofieldand Jonathan Barnes, 1989).

g. r. f. ferrari is Professor of classics at the University of California,Berkeley. He is the author of Listening to the Cicadas: A Study of Plato’sPhaedrus (Cambridge University Press, 1987) and City and Soul in Plato’sRepublic (2003; reprint 2005). He is also the editor of Plato: TheRepublic (trans. Tom Griffith, Cambridge University Press, 2000) andThe Cambridge Companion to Plato’s Republic (Cambridge UniversityPress, 2007).

michael inwood is Fellow of Trinity College, Oxford. He is the authorof A Heidegger Dictionary (1999), Heidegger (1997), A Hegel Dictionary(1992), and Hegel (1983). He is also the editor of Hegel: IntroductoryLectures on Aesthetics (1993) and Hegel: Selections (1989).

charles h. kahn is Professor of philosophy at the University ofPennsylvania. He is the author of Anaximander and the Origins of GreekCosmology (1960; reprint, 1994), The Verb ‘Be’ in Ancient Greek (1973;

ix

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reprint with new Introduction, 2003), The Art and Thought of Heraclitus(an edition of the fragments with translation and commentary, CambridgeUniversity Press, 1979),Plato and the SocraticDialogue (CambridgeUniversityPress, 1996), and Pythagoras and the Pythagoreans: A Brief History (2001).

elizabeth mcgrath is Curator of the Photographic Collection of theWarburg Institute, London, and Professor in the history of art at theUniversity of London. She has published on Renaissance iconography,on humanism, and on Rubens and his work. She is an editor of TheJournal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes and author of Rubens:Subjects from History (Corpus Rubenianum Ludwig Burchard, 13; 1997),which won the 1998 Mitchell Prize for the History of Art.

catalin partenie is Fellow in philosophy at the University of Quebecat Montreal and Assosciate Professor of philosophy at the National Schoolof Political Studies and Administration in Bucharest. He is the editor ofPlato: Selected Myths (2004). He is also co-editor (with Tom Rockmore) ofHeidegger and Plato (2005).

christopher rowe is Professor of Greek at the University of Durham.He has written commentaries on four dialogues of Plato: Phaedrus (1988[second, corrected, edition]), Phaedo (Cambridge University Press, 1993),Statesman (1995; reprinted with corrections, 2005), and Symposium(1998). He edited Reading the Statesman: Proceedings of the III SymposiumPlatonicum (1995) and (with Malcolm Schofield) The Cambridge History ofGreek and Roman Political Thought (Cambridge University Press, 2000).He is joint editor, with Julia Annas, of Approaches to Plato, Modern andAncient (2002), wrote a new translation of Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethicsto accompany a new commentary by Sarah Broadie (2002), and is jointauthor, with Terry Penner, of Plato’s Lysis (in the series Cambridge Studiesin the Dialogues of Plato, Cambridge University Press, 2005). He is alsothe author of Plato and the Art of Philosophical Writing (CambridgeUniversity Press, 2007).

malcolm schofield is Fellow of St John’s College, Cambridge, andProfessor of ancient philosophy at the University of Cambridge. He isco-author (with G. S. Kirk and J. E. Raven) of the standard work ThePresocratic Philosophers (Cambridge University Press, 2nd edition, 1983).His main writings on ancient political philosophy are The Stoic Idea ofthe City (Cambridge University Press, 1991), Saving the City (1999), andPlato: Political Philosophy (2006). With A. Laks he has edited Justiceand Generosity: Studies in Hellenistic Social and Political Philosophy

x Contributors

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(Cambridge University Press, 1995), and with Christopher Rowe TheCambridge History of Greek and Roman Political Thought (CambridgeUniversity Press, 2000).

david sedley is a Fellow of Christ’s College, Cambridge, and LaurenceProfessor of ancient philosophy at the University of Cambridge. He isthe author of Plato’s Cratylus (Cambridge University Press, 2003), TheMidwife of Platonism: Text and Subtext in Plato’s Theaetetus (2004), andLucretius and the Transformation of Greek Wisdom (Cambridge UniversityPress, 1998). He has published, with A. A. Long,TheHellenistic Philosophers(Cambridge University Press, 1987), and is the editor of The CambridgeCompanion to Greek and Roman Philosophy (Cambridge University Press,2003). He has also worked extensively on the editing of philosophicalpapyri. One recent publication (jointly with G. Bastianini) is an editionof the anonymous commentary on Plato’s Theaetetus, in Corpus dei papirifilosofici greci e latini, vol. III (Florence, 1995). He is currently editor ofOxford Studies in Ancient Philosophy.

richard stalley is Professor of ancient philosophy at the Universityof Glasgow. He is the author of An Introduction to Plato’s Laws (1983)and of many articles on ancient philosophy and on the philosophersof eighteenth-century Scotland. He has also published an edition ofAristotle’s Politics (1998).

Contributors xi

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Preface

‘“And what is the use of a book”, thought Alice, “without pictures orconversations?”’ This question rounds off the first paragraph of Alice’sAdventures in Wonderland, and it is, at least for Alice, a rhetorical question.Judging from his writings, Plato seems to believe, just like Alice, that a goodbook, even a philosophy book, should have both pictures and conversations;although in his case the pictures are conjured up in words and the reader hasto imagine them himself. Conversation is ubiquitous in Plato’s writings,which take the form of philosophical dialogues between both real and fic-tional characters. Once in a while the conversation is interrupted, and thenthe pictures appear. One of the characters puts the conversation on hold andtells his audience a myth. The myths are visual – ‘iconic’ one might say. Theynot only narrate a story, but paint before our mind’s eye vivid images of thecreatures and landscapes that feature in them.Details regarding shape, colour,and even dimension are abundantly provided: the original two-headed, eight-limbed human beings in the Symposium, the spindle-like universe in theRepublic, or the city of Atlantis in the Critias – these are all as meticulouslydescribed as if Plato were giving instructions to an illustrator. Plato’s mythsare not abstract tales; and those listening to, or reading, them cannot butattempt to picture what they are being told.Plato is both a myth teller and a myth maker, and there are many myths

in his writings. Some are traditional myths, which he sometimes modifiesslightly; others are heavily modified versions of traditional myths; whileothers still are his own invention, although they are never completely free ofelements drawn from various traditions. Whether the myths he tells are hisinventions or not, they are, most of the time, inextricably linked with hisphilosophical thinking. And this makes any reader of Plato’s dialogueswonder at them; for he explicitly opposes philosophical discourse to mythwhile in practice he mixes the two. This volume is a collection of elevenstudies (all but one of them – Chapter 8 – appearing here for the first time)dealing, from a philosophical perspective, with the puzzling issue of Plato’s

xiii

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myths. The myths discussed include the eschatological myths of the Gorgias,the Phaedo, the Republic and Laws X, the central myths of the Phaedrusand the Statesman, and the so-calledmyth of theNoble Lie from theRepublic.The mythical character of the Timaeus cosmology is also amply discussed.This volume, too, contains both pictures and conversations. Only this time itis, in a sense, a reversal of what happens in Plato’s texts: the pictures (somerare Renaissance illustrations of Platonic myths) are not conjured up inwords, but presented to the reader’s eyes; while the conversations of thecontributors – which took place during a conference held in Budapest in2005, and which improved the arguments put forth in this volume – are to beimagined behind its continuous prose.

I thank all the contributors for their patience and encouragement. I amespecially grateful toDrMichael Sharp, editor at CambridgeUniversity Press,for his support and suggestions. I also wish to thank the two anonymousreaders of the Cambridge University Press for their helpful comments.

I am grateful to the Central European University in Budapest, to Pasts,Inc., its Centre for Historical Studies, and to Professor Sorin Antohi, thethen director of the Centre, for their support in organizing a conference onPlato’s myths in April 2005. I am also grateful to the publishers of Rhizai forpermission to reprint M. F. Burnyeat’s article.

Last but not least, I wish to express my gratitude to my wife, son andparents for their continuing tolerance.

xiv Preface

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Acknowledgements

By kind permission of Oxford University Press, Malcolm Schofield’s chapter,‘Fraternité, inégalité, la parole de Dieu: Plato’s authoritarian myth of politicallegitimation’, includes material first published in Chapter 7 of his Plato:Political Philosophy (Oxford University Press, 2006).Chapter 8, M. F. Burnyeat’s, ‘Eikōs muthos’, first appeared in Rhizai,

A Journal for Ancient Philosophy and Science, II.2 (2005), 143–65.

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Abbreviations

PLATO ’S WORKS

Alc. I Alcibiades IAp. ApologyChrm. CharmidesCra. CratylusCri. CritoCriti. CritiasEuthd. EuthydemusEuthphr. EuthyphroGrg. GorgiasHp. Ma., Mi. Hippias Major, MinorLa. LachesLy. LysisMen. MenoMx. MenexenusPhd. PhaedoPhdr. PhaedrusPhlb. PhilebusPrt. ProtagorasR. RepublicSmp. SymposiumSph. SophistStm. StatesmanTht. TheaetetusTi. Timaeus

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//FS2/CUP/3-PAGINATION/PNI/2-PROOFS/3B2/9780521887908IND.3D 251 [251–256] 7.11.2008 9:50PM

Index

AeschylusSeven against Thebes 474, 101 n. 1

Aesop, 77, 80, 83–4, 97aitia, 156akoē, 2alētheia, 175, 177Allen, D., 62 n. 17Anaxagoras

in the Phaedo, 94–6Annas, J., 3, 19, 32, 124 n. 7, 126 n. 9, 129 n. 12Apollodorus

Library 3.4.1, 101 n. 1Apollonius Rhodios

Argonautica 3.1354–1407, 102 n. 4Aristotle

De Motu Animalium701a16–17, 182

De Partibus Animalium639a1–16, 177644b31–645a4, 183

Metaphysics982b18, 20 n. 191000a18–9, 20

Nicomachean Ethics1094b11–1095a13, 1771177b34–1178a7, 183

PoliticsIII 13, 159 n. 5

Rhetoric1369b12–14, 62 n. 16

Bandinellei, B., 212Betegh, G., 175 n. 21Bloom, A., 132 n. 16Bobonich, C., 165Brisson, L., 1, 2, 4, 14, 150 n. 1Buontalenti, B., 235Burkert, W., 77 n. 1Burnyeat, M. F., 12 n. 12, 15, 16 n. 14, 17Bury, R.G., 172, 192

Cadmus, 101, 102Callipolis, 121cave (R.), 3 n. 3, 148, 228choicefree, 44–6of lives, 40, 41–4, 131, 132

Cholbi, M. J., 60 n. 12Cicero, 168De Finibus, 169De Inventione I.44–49, 169

Cooper, J., 17 n. 17Cornford, F.M., 3 n. 4, 14, 171, 172, 174Craig, L.H., 118 n. 4Cronusthe reign of, 56–8, 65, 69, 84, 149, 150, 152, 162,

202 n. 36

dēmiourgos, 11dialectic, 57–8, 69 n. 30, 145dialectical refutation, 60, 63, 64dialectician’s activity, 139

dianoia, 175Diotima, 5, 81, 89, 145 n. 20, 145

egalitarianism, 48–50eidos, see formseikasia, 175eikōn, 172eikōs muthos, 14–17, 167–86elenchus, 68Empedocles, 81, 149–52fr. 17, 7–8, 150

England, E. B., 192 n. 20EpictetusI.6.17, 173

epistēmē, 175erōs, 136–46Eterei, of Padua, 214EuclidElements, XIII, 208

251


EuripidesPhoenician Women 931–46, 101 n. 1

exēgētai, 172

Ferrari, G. R. F., 2 n. 2, 125 n. 8Ficino, M., 208, 211, 213, 217, 227, 231forms, 68 n. 28, 96, 154, 209Frutiger, P., 5Furini, F., 206, 208, 212

Glaucus, 116, 125, 126Grube, G.M. A., 150 n. 1, 163

Halliwell, S., 128 nn. 10, 11Havelock, E. A., 90 n. 16Hegel, G.W. F., 20Heraclides, of Pontus, 21 n. 20Hesiod

Theogony, 168Works and Days, 109106–201, 105122–3, 106129, 107130–7, 107145–6, 108176–7, 108

Homer, 1, 104, 109Hyginus

Fabulae 178–9, 101 n. 1

Irwin, T., 29, 62 n. 16

Johansen, T., 177 n. 24justice, 46–8, 122, 123, 132

and metempsychosis, 38–41

Kahn, C., 63 n. 19Kepler, J., 236Keyt, D., 183Klosko, G., 163koinē skepsis, 18

Lévy, C., 168 n. 3logos, 53 n. 4, 53, 83, 142, 143, 144, 172, 173,

177, 183

Mackenzie, M.M., 69 n. 30madness, 136Magnesia, 113McGrath, E., 206Moors, K. F., 5Morgan, K., 15, 20, 123 n. 6Morrow, G. R., 164 n. 9Moss, J., 63 n. 19Most, G.W., 108 n. 7

muthos, 1–2, 3–4, 77 n. 1, 78, 85 n. 9, 95, 104, 187muthologēma, 2, 5muthologos, 83myth

and creation in the Timaeus, see Timaeusand the irrational, 135and the layering of perspectives, 144and logos, 2, 4–5, 66 n. 23, 67, 100and narrative, 136 n. 8, 168and philosophy, 19–21and Plato’s philosophical doctrines, 3–4as extended similes, 135as a means of persuasion, 6–8, 201as a ‘noble lie’, 6, 101–15as preamble to laws in Plato’s Laws, 6as a teaching tool, 8–11of Deucalion, 168of the metals, 105–9of Phaethon, 1, 168Plato’s and the sophists’ use of, 128Plato’s use of traditional Greek myth, 1,

2–3, 149the Phoenician, 101–5the Sidonian, 201traditional, 4

Nehamas, A., 32Nettleship, R. L., 117 n. 3, 129 n. 12Nietzsche, F., 32Nightingale, A., 188, 190, 192, 200, 201

Ostwald, M., 163Ovid

Metamorphoses 3.95–114, 102 n. 4

paradeigma, 8, 135, 149, 152, 154, 155Parmenides

fr. 8, 4, 183fr. 8, 60–1, 176

Partenie, C., 16 n. 16Passeri, M., 220peri phuseōs, 4, 168phēmē, 2Pherecydes

fr. 22, 101 n. 1pistis, 175, 177Plato

Plato’s mythseschatological myths, 28–50, 129, 188–205in Renaissance iconography, 206–38myth of the Amazon (Laws), 1myth of the androgyne (Smp.), 3, 17, 80–2,

86–7, 221myth of Atlantis (Ti.), 1, 3, 12, 168 n. 5, 168myth of Boreas (Phdr.), 5

252 Index


myth of the two cosmic eras (Stm.), 3,135 n. 5, 148–64

myth of Cronus (Laws), 2myth of Er (R.), 1, 3, 7–8, 133, 233myth of Gyges (R.), 1myth of origin (Prt.), 3myth of Theuth (Phdr.), 2, 3myth of the winged soul (Phdr.), 3, 9,

134–47, 148, 213, 226the Gorgiasmyth, 3, 28–31, 51–71, 84, 86, 129the Laws X myth, 3, 187–205the Phaedo myth, 3, 6–7, 35, 98–9

Charmides155d, 139

Critias107a, 19

Crito50b, 163

Euthyphro14e–15a, 91

Gorgias458a, 61458a–b, 61464b–c, 59464c–d, 59471e–472c, 57473e, 58474a–b, 57480b–d, 55492a–493d, 53493a, 63501d–502d, 70503a–b, 54503e, 17 n. 16503e–504a, 11503e–504e, 199504c–e, 54505a–b, 62, 64505c, 60, 65506c–508b, 63507e–508a, 198508b, 55515b–517a, 56521d–e, 58523a, 52523a–524a, 52, 55524a–b, 84, 91524a–527a, 52525b, 196525b–d, 59525c, 196527a–c, 52, 53527c–e, 52534a–527a, 59608b, 117

608c, 117612a, 126612d–e, 123613c, 123613e, 123614a, 123614b, 123617e–619a, 131618b, 131

Laches187e–188b, 58

Laws663d, 201713b–714a, 162715d, 161715e–718c, 113739a–e, 164739c, 165739d, 166807b, 164–5875a–d, 161875c, 166875d, 165887c–889a, 203888d–890b, 199895b–897c, 199898e–899a, 199900c–903b, 199902e, 16 n. 16, 198903b, 190, 198, 202903b–d, 200903d, 192, 198903d–e, 190903e–904a, 193904a, 192, 198904b, 200904c, 189904c–d, 189904d, 192904e, 192

Lysis226a, 145

Menexenus238a, 16 n. 16238e–239a, 112

Meno85d–86a, 40, 41–4

Phaedo60b–c, 7881a–b, 20487c–99d, 19996c, 9398a, 9699c, 15, 180107d, 191

Index 253


Plato (cont.)108a, 7114d, 7114e, 204

Phaedrus228b, 143230, 145238b–c, 140243e–275a, 213245c, 36246a, 135, 217246c, 13251a, 147252a–b, 140255a, 145 n. 19262a–b, 135262c–d, 137265a–c, 136265b, 10265b–c, 138265c–e, 138277b–c, 5, 142277e, 141

Philebus26d, 1326e–27a, 1327b–c, 13

Protagoras320c–324d, 82324b–d, 195325a–b, 195

Republic361c–d, 120377a, 7377b, 17378e–379a, 88379c–380c, 199380a, 88414b–c, 103414b–415d, 101414d–e, 101415b, 110415c, 108415d, 103416e–417a, 106420c, 12441a–b, 37501e, 12502e–503b, 114507a–509c, 199520e, 122547a, 107597d, 16 n. 16612e, 122614b, 7

615e–616a, 191616b–617d, 199617d, 194617e, 42618b, 132618b–e, 43–4, 46619c, 43619c–d, 205621b, 8

Sophist225a, 170232c, 17236c, 17265c, 11

Statesman261b, 153261b–d, 154261d, 153266e, 154267b–d, 148267e–268b, 148271e, 154274e, 149275a, 149, 152, 153275b, 149, 152275c, 155276d, 155276d–e, 155277d, 8278a–d, 8279a–b, 10291a, 156293d, 160300b–c, 158300c, 160300e, 159300d–e, 158301c–d, 159301d–e, 159301e, 158302d, 156303b, 159303c, 157

Symposium189d–193, 80190c, 82203b, 221205d–e, 81205e–206a, 145 n. 20, 145215a, 225, 226

Timaeus20a, 18, 1920b, 1922b–d, 16822c, 168

254 Index


22c–e, 16826c–d, 1226e, 11, 1227a, 1127d–28a, 1328a, 1329a, 18529c, 170, 178, 17929c–d, 17229d, 1729d–30c, 18229e, 1330b, 183, 18530c–31b, 18336b–d, 20940d–e, 17441d, 3641e, 4842b–d, 19342d, 4844a, 3744c, 37, 19444d, 18147e–48e, 1351e–52d, 1355c, 18155c–d, 18459c–d, 18167d, 17168b, 1871a–76d, 1673c, 1375b–c, 180, 181, 18390a, 1590e, 18591d, 19492b, 19392c, 37

politeia, 110, 156, 157, 158, 160, 162Proclus

In Tim. 343.18, 179punishment, 60, 61, 63, 64, 69, 158, 190, 191,

195–8

Rabelais, F., 211Rechenauer, G., 66 n. 23recollection, doctrine of, 9Reeve, C.D.C., 126 n. 9

reincarnation, doctrine of, 32, 33, 35–41, 150,151, 191

Rivaud, A., 172Robinson, R., 8, 10Rowe, C., 9, 12, 15, 19, 134 n. 1, 142,

150 n. 1, 150, 151 n. 2, 158 n. 4,165 n. 10

Sabine, G.H., 164 n. 9, 164Saenredam, J., 229Saunders, T. J., 188–97, 193 n. 21, 196 n. 27Schofield, M., 113 n. 12, 115 n. 15Scott, D., 66 n. 23Scultori, A., 216Sedley, D., 7, 19, 51 n. 1, 97 n. 27, 98Solmsen, F., 192Stalley, R., 195 n. 23sunaitia, 156Szaif, J., 176 n. 22

Taylor, A. E., 14, 172, 181, 184teleology, 93, 98, 184Testa, P., 208Thucydides, 4IV.76.2, 186VIII.72.2, 186

Timaeus, Plato’sand Laws X, 193–4as eikōs muthos, see eikōs muthoscosmology of and the myth of the two cosmic

eras (Stm.), 151myth and creation in, 11–19narrative pattern, 99–100

Torre, G. della, 219

Vlastos, G., 15, 169, 184

Watson, G., 89 n. 15White, N., 132 n. 17Wilamowitz-Moellendorff, U. von, 165Williams, B., 4 n. 6

XenophonMemorabilia I.4.1, 60 n. 12, 91

Zeus, 82, 83the reign of, 56–8, 69, 150

Zeyl, D., 171, 172, 174

Index 255


Plato’s MythsEditEd by

Catalin PartEniE

in archaic societies myths were believed to tell true stories – stories about the

ultimate origin of reality. For us, on the contrary, the term ‘myth’ denotes a false belief.

between the archaic notion of myth and ours stands Plato’s. this volume is a collection

of eleven studies by eminent scholars that focus on the ways in which some of Plato’s

most famous myths are interwoven with his philosophy. the myths discussed include

the eschatological myths of the Gorgias, the Phaedo, the Republic and Laws 10, the central

myths of the Phaedrus and the Statesman, and the so-called ‘Myth of the noble lie’ from

the Republic. the mythical character of the timaeus cosmology is also amply discussed.

the volume also contains seventeen rare renaissance illustrations of Platonic myths. the

contributors argue that, in Plato, myth and philosophy are tightly bound together, despite

Plato’s occasional claim that they are opposed modes of discourse.

catalin partenie is a Fellow in the department of

Philosophy at the Université du Québec, Montréal. He is

the editor of Plato: Selected Myths (2004) and co-editor

(with tom rockmore) of Heidegger and Plato (2005).

Jacket illustration: La Grotte de Platon (detail), sixteenth

century, by an anonymous Flemish artist. Courtesy of the

Musée de la Chartreuse – douai, inv. 2787. Photograph by

daniel lefebvre.

contents

1 introduction

Catalin Partenie

2 Plato’s eschatological myths

Michael Inwood

3 Myth, punishment and politics in the Gorgias

David Sedley

4 tale, theology and teleology in the Phaedo

Gábor Betegh

5 Fraternité, inégalité, la parole de Dieu:

Plato’s authoritarian myth of political legitimation

Malcolm Schofield

6 Glaucon’s reward, philosophy’s debt: the myth of Er

G. R. F. Ferrari

7 the charioteer and his horses:

one Platonic myth in its context

Christopher Rowe

8 the myth of the Statesman

Charles Kahn

9 Eikos muthos

M. F. Burnyeat

10 Myth and eschatology in the laws

Richard Stalley

11 Platonic myth in renaissance iconography

Elizabeth McGrath

printed in the united kingdom

Jacket designed by Hart McLeod

Pa

rt

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lato’s Myths

Documents

Plato’s Myths, edited by Catalin Partenie (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009)