Occasional Paper N° 21

Michelle Etnire

Detailed Index to Heinl, Heinl and Heinl,

Written in Blood: The Story of the Haitian People,

1492-1995

Institute of Haitian Studies University of Kansas

Occasional Paper N° 21

Institute of Haitian Studies University of Kansas

1999

Bryant C. Freeman, Ph.D. Series Editor

Michelle Etnire

Detailed Index to Heinl, Heinl and Heinl,

Written in Blood: The Story of the Haitian People,

1492-1995

University of Kansas Institute of Haitian Studies Occasional Papers

Bryant C. Freeman, Ph.D. - Series Editor

N° 1 - Konstitisyon Repiblik Ayiti, 29 mas 1987. 1994. Pp. vi-106. Haitian-language version (official orthography) of the present Constitution, as translated by Paul Dejean with the collaboration of Yves Dejean. Introduction in English. $12.00

N° 2 - Toussaint's Constitution (1801), with Introduction. 1994. Pp. ix-20. In French. Introduction (in English) by Series editor places Constitution in its historic context and analyzes salient features. $5.00

N° 3 - Bryant C. Freeman, Selected Critical Bibliography of English-Language Books on Haiti. 1998 (Updated). Pp. 22. Contains 169 entries, with brief description of each; special list of "Top Ten." Introduction and text in English. Updated periodically. $5.00

N° 4 - Strategy of Aristide Government for Social and Economic Reconstruction (August 1994). 1994. Pp. iv-9. Official document setting forth recovery plan for Haiti. Introduction and text in English. $4.00

N° 5 - Robert Earl Maguire, Bottom-Up Development in Haiti. 1995. Pp. iv-63. Keynote: develop people rather than things, with case study as carried out in Le Borgne. Introduction and text in English. $8.00

N° 6 - Robert Earl Maguire, Devlopman Ki Soti nan Baz nan Peyi Dayiti. 1995. Pp. v-71. Haitian-language version of N° 5, in Pressoir-Faublas orthography. Introduction in English. $8.00

N° 7 - Samuel G. Perkins, M On the Margin of Vesuvius": Sketches of St. Domingo, 1785-1793. 1995. Pp. vi-75. First-hand account by an American merchant living in Saint-Domingue during onset of the Haitian Revolution. Introduction by Series editor analyzes strong and weak points of narrative. Index of Proper Names. $9.00

N° 8 - Official Spelling System for the Haitian Language. 1995. Pp. 27. Text of official Haitian government edict of 28 September 1979, in Haitian. Remarks by Series editor in English on subsequent contemporary usage and brief pronunciation guide. Eleven pages chosen to illustrate good usage of official system, plus brief examples of the three major preceding orthographies. Introduction traces development of the four major systems. $5.00

N°9 - Organization Charts of the Haitian Judiciary and Military. 1995. Pp.10. Two charts of Haitian judicial system - one in French and English, other in French only. Three charts in French of Armed Forces of Haiti (1993) and one of Port-au-Prince police; officer and enlisted ranks with insignia (in French and English). Introduction in English. $4.00

N° 10 - Tèt Kole Ti Peyizan Ayisyen, Dosye Chef Seksyon: Chef Seksyon - Yon Sistèm Ki Mérite Elimine. 1995. Pp. vi-52. Detailed, scathing account of the institution of section chiefs as of March 1991, compiled by a leading Haitian peasant group. Much exact information. Introduction in English, text in Haitian (official orthography). $7.00

N° 11 - Sara Lechtenberg, An Overview of the Haitian Justice System. 1996. Pp. iv-25. Based upon written sources, as well as 18 personal interviews with Haitian judges and lawyers, and foreign observers highly knowledgeable concerning the Haitian justice system. $5.50

N° 12 - Mari Dyevela Seza, Refôm nan Lajistis / Judicial Reform. 1996. Pp. iv-18. A down- to-earth look at the practical problems involved in the judicial system of today's Haiti, by a Port-au-Prince journalist and jurist. In the original Haitian-language text, with an Engl i sh-language translation by Series editor. $5.50

N° 13 - Jennie Marcelle Smith, Family Planning Initiatives and Kalfounô Peasants: W h a t ' s Going Wrong? 1998. Pp. iv-27. Practical problems involved in effective family planning, as seen by a Haitian-speaking US anthropologist living for three years in a r emote community. $4.00

N° 14 - Commission Nationale de Vérité et de Justice, Si m pa rele: 29 sept. 1991 - 1 4 oct . 1994 . 1998. Pp. xviii-245. Officiai report of the Haitian Truth Commission on t h e c r imes committed during the defacto period. Introduction in English, text in French. $15.50

N° 15 - Commission Nationale de Vérité et de Justice, Si m pa rele: Annexes I et EL 1998 . Pp . x-142. Annex I: Official documents concerning the Commission's work, including a request for the FRAPH papers as well as the detailed questionnaire used in interviewing vict ims. Annex II: Statistics from the Port-au-Prince morgue 1985-95, and those of the Commiss ion recording by month and place crimes inflicted upon the Haitian people 1991-94. Introduction in English, text in French. $10.00

N° 16 - Victor-Emmanuel Holly, La Grammaire Haïtienne. 1998. Pp. vi-62. T h e first thoroughgoing grammar ever published of the Haitian language (1931). Today main ly of historical interest. Introduction in English, text in French. $6.25

N° 17 - Frédéric Doret, Les Premiers Pas dans la Grammaire. 1998. Pp. vii-75. A g r a m m a r in Haitian (etymological orthography) and in French contrasting the two languages , with pioneering insights concerning the former (1925). Introduction in English. $6.50

N° 18 - Tèt Kole Ti Peyizan Ayisyen, The Rural Police. 1998. Pp. v-33. Edition and translation by Max Blanchet of Dosye Chef Seksyon: Chef Seksyon - Yon Sistèm Ki Méri te El imine (see Occasional Paper N° 10). Introduction and text in English. $5.00

N° 19 - Commission Nationale de Vérité et de Justice, Si m pa rele: Annexe III. 1998. Pp . x-436. Official list of names of 8,650 victims of the de facto regime, 29 September 1991 - 14 October 1994. Includes affiliations of victims and of perpetrators, and types of offenses. Introduction in English, listings in French. $26.00

N° 20 - Bryant C. Freeman, compiler, Eighty-Eight Historical and Present-Day M a p s of Saint-Domingue/Haiti, its Sites, Towns, and Islands. 1999. Pp. x-88. Average size: 9 " x T\ Dating from 1492 to 1994. Eight sections: two general maps of the Caribbean, three of Hispaniola, three of Saint-Domingue, twenty-three of Haiti, eleven of regions, fourteen of Port-au-Prince, twenty-three of other towns and sites, nine of islands belonging to Hait i . Introduction in English, maps marked in French, Haitian, or English. $7.50

N° 21 - Michelle Etnire, Detailed Index to Heinl, Heinl and Heinl: Written in Blood: The Story of the Haitian People, 1492-1995. 1999. Pp. vi-80. Key to the most extensive general history of Haiti in any language. $7.00

Available through: Mount Oread Bookshop University of Kansas Lawrence, Kansas 66045 Tel.: (785) 864-4431

Occasional Paper N° 21 June 1999

DETAILED INDEX TO STORY OF THE HAITIAN PEOPLE, 1492-1995

This is the twenty-first in a series of documents intended to facilitate the study of the history, language and culture of Haiti, through the University of Kansas Institute of Haitian Studies. Many would agree that the most comprehensive general history of Haiti in any language is Written in Blood: The Story of the Haitian People. It was first published in 1978 by Robert Debs Heinl, Jr. (1916-1979) and his wife Nancy Gordon Heinl (1916-1997) in Boston by Houghton Mifflin Company, pages xii-785. It covers the period 1492-1971, i.e., from the arrival of Christopher Columbus 5 December 1492 to the burial of François Duvalier ("Papa Doc") 24 April 1971. Colonel and Mrs. Heinl lived in Haiti from January 1959 to March 1963, during which time Colonel Heinl headed a U.S. Naval Mission, comprised eventually of some seventy officers and men of the U.S. Marine Corps, Navy, and Coast Guard, in order to improve the effectiveness of the Haitian Armed Forces against Castro's spreading communism. After a rather violent falling-out with President Duvalier concerning essentially an every-increasing encroachment by the dubious Volontaires de la Sécurité Nationale ("Tontons Macoute") into the training program of the (then honorable) Haitian Armed Forces, Colonel Heinl was ordered out of the country. Together with his wife, most of his remaining years were spent preparing their massive history. In 1996 their son, Michael Heinl, published a revised and expanded edition of the same work in Lanham, Maryland, with the University Press of America, pages xi-890. It picks up (page 636) with the first few, shaky days when Jean-Claude Duvalier, aged nineteen years, replaced his father as president, and ends with the 17 December 1995 election of René Preval as president (page 764). Doubtlessly in the interests of reducing publication costs for this second edition, not only was the font size somewhat reduced, but regrettably for many of us, some detail of the first edition was deleted. Thus unfortunately the present Index cannot be used in working with the first edition, but nevertheless there was never any question as to the advisability of using the second edition as prepared by Michael Heinl. Thus with his approval, the present project was undertaken by Michelle Etnire beginning in September 1997.

For the serious student of Haiti, especially in a work as rich and as fact-filled as this, the most crucial section page-for-page is the Index. It is the surest guide to an account in which strict chronology is not and cannot always be observed, where historical figures first appear and then reappear many pages later. After having long worked with the text, one is certain that a particular person is mentioned, but much time is lost and frustration encountered. Unfortunately, in what is a magnificent compendium of Haitian history, the Index is at best sketchy, and at times even misleading. Crucial historical figures are sometimes not listed at all, and for those that are, the references are very frequently woefully incomplete.

For example, neither the commander-in-chief of the massive 1802 invasion, Victor-Emmanuel Leclerc, nor his tantalizingly beautiful wife Pauline, Napoleon's sister, is listed at all. And the infamous replacement after his sudden death, Rochambeau, is listed as appearing on only one

iv

page. The Etnire Index gives 29 page references for Leclerc, 5 for Pauline, and 20 for Rochambeau. America's probably most famous envoy to Haiti, Frederick Douglass, similarly is not listed, whereas we find 8 references in the Etnire Index. In more recent times, Sylvio Claude, certainly the most persistent, and in his relatively quiet way one of the bravest opponents to the Duvaliers, is not listed in the Heinl Index at all, whereas in the Etnire Index we find 15 references. The notorious M m e Max Adolphe, who rates a half-page picture in the text, but is entirely absent from the Heinl Index, whereas in the Etnire Index she appears 12 times. The instigator of the cataclysmic 1791 slave revolution, Boukman Duty, receives but one listing, vs. 14 in the Etnire Index, spread out essentially over some 200 pages. Other representative examples:

Heinl Etnire

Admiral Caperton 1 41 Dr. H. W. Furniss 0 30 HASCO 1 13 Roger Lafontant 3 19 Henri Namphy 4 20 Nissage-Saget 1 25 Pétion 10 77 Petit Goâve 1 16 Piquets 1 28 André Rigaud 2 37 John H. Russell 3 46 Salomon 8 62 St. Marc 0 90

And for very contemporary history, one of the most regrettable omissions in the Heinl Index, especially for those of us who witnessed the event, is the crucial Harlan County affair. The above list does not take into account obvious errors which have crept into the Heinl Index (a sad but frequent concomitant of almost any text), such as confusing President Sylvain Salnave with Firmin's little-known brother-in-law Albert Salnave, or alphabetizing "Banque" under "the." Obviously publishing is a costly business and space is at a premium, but many, many more valuable references could have been furnished without taking up additional lines. As for the total number of names, which admittedly do take at least a line each, the Etnire Index lists some 3,630, compared with some 1,400 in the Heinl Index.

With the possible exception of the relatively detailed Colt Index to Robert Rotberg's Haiti: The Politics of Squalor, it should be noted to the Heinls' credit that other leading histories of Haiti,

v

such as those of Ardouin, Bellegarde, Corvington, Harold Davis, Dorsainvil, Léger, Leyburn, Schmidt, Plummer, or Weinstein have either no Index, or at best an even more cursory one. The new editions of Madiou and Moreau de St. Méry, as well as the volumes of Roger Gaillard, do indeed have good to excellent Indices, but cover only limited periods of Haitian history. Thus the remarkable usefulness of the present Index: a detailed guide to the most comprehensive history of Haiti, covering some five hundred years.

References to ultra-common categories, namely Haiti, France, the United States, and Port-au-Prince, have not been included in the Etnire Index, since they occur on virtually every page and thus would not have served as meaningful guides. Similarly, the Heinls' Glossary and Bibliography have not been included since they are already presented in alphabetical order. Omitted as well are the justificative Source Notes (pp. 816-851), already arranged in a logical sequence, as well as the Acknowledgments. Also not found in the Etnire Index are five of the Heinl recapitulative listings, namely "Church, Catholic," "Foreign Bases," "Occupation," and "Political Parties/Groups," which were felt to be so broad as to be useless. And the listing of "Haitian Presidents" is already included in the Chronology.

There has been an official spelling system in effect for the Haitian language since September 1979, now observed by virtually all those publishing in the language. For the first edition of 1978, obviously there was no approved spelling guide to follow, but unfortunately the 1996 edition still maintains its own idiosyncratic orthography; in the Etnire Index this has presented a problem essentially only concerning Voodoo terms, which are listed under both the standard spelling as well as the Heinl spelling. Mistakes in the spelling of French names in the text have been corrected except when alphabetical order would be involved. Italicized are names of ships, newspapers, journals, paintings, movies, as well as book titles and terms such as "Affaire de Bizoton" and "Piquets"

Michelle Etnire completed the present Index while still an undergraduate major in Haitian Studies at the University of Kansas, and has studied and traveled widely in Haiti during the course of several stays there. Ms. Etnire is fluent in Haitian Creole, and has recently received a grant to prepare for publication an in-depth study of life in a Haitian orphanage. She has been accepted as a volunteer for the U.S. Peace Corps in Haiti, beginning in March 2000. We feel she is to be highly congratulated on the completion of this Index, which required meticulous attention to detail, and in so doing she has acquired an impressive grasp of Haitian history.

It is inevitable however that omissions will occur in indexing a work of this size, constituting a mine of historical facts with thousands of names. Thus the present Index will be updated from time to time as necessary, and any suggestions sent to the Institute of Haitian Studies, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, 66045, will be greatly appreciated. But as it now stands, to the best of our knowledge, this Index represents the most detailed guide available to what many feel to be the most comprehensive general history of Haiti yet published.

Bryant C. Freeman

vi

Index

Abattoir 301 Abbes-García, Johnny 564, 565 Abbott, Elizabeth ix ABC (American Broadcasting Corporation) 754 Abel 776 Abraham 777 Abraham, Hérard 731, 732, 737

Abraham dismissal 737 Abrams, Elliott 743 Ab repozwa 775 Abricots 342 Abyssinian Baptist Church 53 6 Acaau, Louis-Jean-Jacques 179, 180, 181, 183, 196, 207, 229,

230, 464, 546, 789 Académie Militaire 514, 535, 539, 580, 581, 610, 616, 646, 695,

726, 792 Acapulco 644 Acheson, Dean 465 Achille, Théodore 691, 692 Act of Independence 12 0, 121, 172 Acte d'Indépendance 8 Action, Lt' 530 Action de Grâce 779, 7 81 Action Sociale 523 Acul 42, 64, 66, 91 Acul de Léogâne 64 Acul du Nord 10 8, 218 Adam, Paul 3 85 Adams, Alvin ("bourik chaje") 728, 730, 731, 733, 735, 737, 740,

744, 751 Adams, Henry 9 6 Adams, John 81, 95 Adee, Alvey A. 3 85 Adelina, empress 196, 5 07 Adirondack, S. S. 310 Adolphe, Maxine Rosalie 557, 605, 638, 652, 666, 693, 694, 696,

707, 709, 711 Adrien, Père Antoine 633, 634, 680, 690, 720, 730, 739, 743,

745, 746, 752 Aer Lingus 678 Affaire de Bizoton 2 09, 777 Affaire des Consolidations 305, 311, 315, 328, 343, 386 Affaire des Mandats 271, 273, 305, 621, 715 Afghanistan 67 6 AFL-CIO 627 Africa 612, 685, 766, 768-771, 776, 785, 787 African sorcerer societies 786 African Swine Fever 670, 672, 681, 793 Agé, General 86, 87, 99, 137

1

Agouë/Agwe 219, 386, 766, 770, 775, 779, 795 Agreement of Mortfontaine 87 Agwe/Agouë 219, 386, 766, 770, 775, 779 Aida Wëdo/Ayida Wedo 7 68, 7 69 AIDS 552, 685, 687, 793 Aids and Accusation 46 0, 685, 7 03 Aiguille (French ship) 99 Ailhaud 52 Ainsi Parla 1'Oncle/Thus Spoke the Uncle 523 Air Canada 708, 72 0 Ajaccio 115 Alabama (Confederate raider) 213 Alabama, C.S.S. 231 Albo, S.S. 263, 283 Albright, Madeleine 752 Alcantar, Valentine 219, 23 5 Alexandre Pétion, gunboat 3 02 Alexis 374 Alexis, Jacques 618, 619 Alexis, Jacques Stephen 496, 513, 514, 515, 516, 534, 567, 618 Alexis, Stephen 37 8

Le Nègre Masqué 618 Algeria 600 Ali, Mohammed 644 Alladah 76 9 Allen (tropical storm) 677, 678 Allen, John 338, 351, 352, 354, 356, 357, 366, 671, 685 Alliance for Progress 335, 633, 634 Alliance Française 469 Allier, Mme 84 Almanach .Royal (of Henry Christophe) 13 9, 184 Alphonse, Fénêlon 531 Alps, S.S. 277 Alvarez, Don Mariano 2 09 Al vena, S.S. 2 65 Ambroise, Jacques 619 Ambroise, Magloire 111, 134, 149 American Chamber of Commerce 455 American Communist Party 485 American SCISP 554 Amis des Noirs 38, 242, 445 Amnesty International 606, 632, 633, 657 Ancestors 626, 632 Ancestors' Day 613, 623 And the Band Played On 685 Anderson, Jack 656 Anderson, Marian 535 André 374 André, Antonio 624, 638, 641 André, Jules P. 452, 503 André, Robert 554 Angelsou 772

2

Angénor, Claudius 611 Angola 24, 7 87 Anjou 17 Annales Capoises, Les 445 Anse-à-Pitre 197, 233 Anse-à-Veau 131, 134, 179, 183, 205, 227, 231, 256, 264, 321,

401, 415, 483, 554 Anse d'Hainault 147, 235, 548, 575 Antigua 16 Anti-Syrien 311 Antoine Simon, ship 324, 347, 348, 386, 387, 445 Anton, Henri d' (Henry Fuertes) 574, 575 Apostolic delegate 302, 434, 734 Aquin 23, 179, 180, 183, 191, 230, 265, 309, 548 Aradas 24, 7 69 Arawak 13, 775 Arbres reposoirs/ab repozwa 775 Arcachon 593 Arcahaie 64, 100, 109, 123, 132, 133, 200, 232, 247, 311, 370,

568, 578, 619, 645, 780, 789 Congress of 109

Arcahaie flag 109, 116 Archer, Stephen 449, 484 Archin, Pierre-Charles 258, 286 Ardouin, Beaubrun 7, 187, 165, 170, 171, 173, 180, 184, 187,

188, 203 Ardouin, Cêligny 188, 190, 191 Argentina 481, 500, 529, 602 Arias, Desiderio 343, 358, 359, 362, 374 Aristide, Jean-Bertrand 7, 542, 665, 684, 693, 712, 713, 719,

720, 725, 727, 732-755, 757-764, 781, 793, 794 Coup 738-742, 744-746, 748, 750, 758, 760-764, 793 Coup victims 744, 745, 748 Deputies

Anti 740 Pro 740

Government 736-742, 744, 745, 751, 763 Inaugural 73 5-737 Intransigent 743, 751 Orphanage Lafanmi Selavi 7 63 Return 748, 755, 757-759, 762

Aristides 181 Arlington Cemetery 593 Armand, Durcê 490 Armand, Maître Benoît 5 97 Armand, Pierre 494, 502, 503, 509, 510, 512, 539, 542, 544, 545,

546, 549, 608 Coup 544, 545, 546, 554

Armed Forces Day 623, 62 8 Armed Forces Headquarters (GQG) 572 Armée Souffrante 179, 180, 183, 789 Armored Personnel Carrier 73 8, 74 0

3

Armour, Norman 473, 474, 487, 489, 491, 507, 521 Armour, Mrs./Princess Noroff 487 Arms embargo 747 Army Medical Corps 72 6 Army rank and file 718 Army War College 751 Arteaud, Minister 276 Arthur, Chester A. 273 Arrondissement, the 37 8 Artibonite Valley 23, 29, 31, 39, 63, 66, 79, 82, 85, 90, 100-

102, 105, 108, 115, 125, 126, 133, 134, 136, 143, 151, 158, 178, 181, 200, 215, 217, 221, 222, 224, 227, 229, 254, 276, 283-285, 288, 290, 302, 308-310, 317, 334, 336, 340, 341, 344, 405, 411, 424, 432, 434, 439, 440, 451, 494, 514, 517, 518, 521, 529, 532, 536, 541, 547, 548, 553, 587, 588, 664, 672, 673, 691, 714, 717, 743, 791 Dismissals 630 Lower 412 Petite Rivière de 1'Artibonite 101, 142, 434 Rivière de 1'Artibonite 64, 177 Steamer 231 Upper 289, 432, 434, 440, 443

Arts et Métiers 292 Arty, Frederic M. 554, 627 Ashe, Arthur 644 Asia Minor 787 Asiento (Royal license) 14 Asile 606 Ason/Asson 770, 773, 774 Ataturk 562, 609 Atlanta, U.S.S. 231, 298, 447 Aubin, Eugène 774, 787 Audain, Jean-Joseph 238 Audain, Louis 249, 263 Audubon, James 30, 606 Augean stables 683 Auguste, Dr. Nemours 294, 295 Auguste, Lieutenant 540 Auguste, Maurepas 547, 554 Auguste, René 493, 549 Auguste, Tancrède 328, 348, 350, 351, 352, 353, 461, 791 Auguste, Toussaint 525

Adam and Eve 525 Augustes 627 Augustin, Rémy 545, 553, 584, 610 Aurelius, Marcus 181 Austin, Gilbert 731 Autel de la Patrie (National Altar) 12 0, 47 0 Authentiques 497 Aux Cayes 2 62 Avenue Charles Sumner 272, 540, 573 Avenue John Brown 722

4

Avril, Prosper 699, 701, 708-712, 725-732, 762, 793 Government 72 8

Axis Powers 50 8, 792 Ayala, Juan Manuel de 14 Ayida Wedo 768, 769 Aylmer 551 Azaka 771, 778, 781 Azelda and Laura, S.S. 281 Azikiwe 613 Aztecs 776 Azua 127, 178-180, 193, 194 Babeque 12 Bacchus 84 Báez, Buenaventura 197, 233, 241, 242 Bahamas 13, 221, 289, 612, 620, 621, 677, 754 Bahon 358, 386, 413, 414, 643 Bahoruco 26, 27, 28, 52, 62 Bailly-Blanchard, Arthur 360, 362, 366, 372, 378, 387-389, 410,

411, 418, 422, 427, 428, 477, 660 Bainet 23, 29, 50, 260, 264, 265, 270 Bajeux, Jean-Claude 718, 73 6 Baka 772, 784-786 Baker (U.S. Secretary of State) 739, 740 Baker, Bobby 3 01, 609 Baker, Theodore 513, 515 Balaguer, Joaquin 752 Balcarres, Lord 74-76, 93 Balch, Emily Greene 458 Baltimore, Maryland 124 Banane 3 86, 566 Bancroft, George 32 6 Bani 194 Bánica 227, 499 Bank for Reconstruction and Development 522 Banque Commerciale 609 Banque de l'Union Parisienne 34 0 Banque Nationale 258, 261, 263, 271, 273, 280, 302, 305, 311,

312, 315, 324, 328, 336-339, 350, 351, 353, 354, 357-360, 362, 363, 365, 366, 371, 373, 375, 388, 397, 405, 407, 417, 427, 428, 463, 472, 490, 492, 494, 508, 535, 540, 544, 550, 551, 624, 641, 707

Banque Nationale de la République d'Haïti (BNRH) 340, 341, 350, 385, 386

Bantus 24, 7 69 Baptiste, Fred 604 Baracoa 574, 619 Baradères 35, 231, 247 Barahona 499 Barau, Justin 42 8 Barbados 273 Barbancourt Rum 473, 554, 775 Barbecue 16

5

Barbot, Clément 539, 562, 564-566, 569, 572-575, 582, 583, 585, 596, 597, 602-604, 628, 630, 632, 638 Insurgency 596, 597, 602-604, 632, 638, 792

Barbot, Harry 557, 603 Barbot, Rhéa 585, 602 Barnett, George 441, 442 Baron Cimetière - see Samedi, Baron Baron de Wimpffen 31, 32, 47 Baron La-Croix - see Samedi, Baron Baron Samedi - see Samedi, Baron Barrière-Bouteille 217, 219, 367 Barrot, Adolphe 177, 17 8, 2 02 Barthélémy, Lupérisse 217 Basel 68

Treaty of 85 Bassett, Ebenezer Don Carlos 232, 233, 236, 238, 240, 241, 243-

247, 249, 250, 252, 255, 256, 278, 279, 281, 293, 296, 329, 330

Bastien, Rémy 576, 633 Bastille 38 Bâtie, Déjean de la 415, 416, 419, 423, 425, 426, 443, 476 Batista, Fulgencio 498, 565, 590 Batraville, Benoît 240, 432, 433, 437-439, 448, 480, 570, 605,

791 Batraville, Mine 438 Batsch, Captain 243, 304, 327 Batterie des Mornets 112 Batterie St. Claire 201, 370, 621 Batterton, R. J. 632 Battle of Savannah 34, 35, 508, 788 Bauduy, Guy 744 Baussan, Georges 3 53, 448 Baussan, Paul 649 Bauvais, Louis-Jacques 34, 48, 49, 64, 210 Bawon Lakwa, Bawon Samdi, Bawon Simityê - see Samedi, Baron Bay of Acul 181, 218, 231 Bay of Cadiz 11, 68, 97 Bay of Pigs 590 Bayard 2 81, 2 94 Bayard, Franck 554 Bayard, Henri 663, 664, 671, 672, 684 Bay1en 16 0 Bayon de Libertat 43, 73 Bazelais 318, 611 Bazelais, Laurent 119, 122, 133, 146, 147, 239 Bazelaisistes 267, 352, 357 Bazile, Castéra 524, 525 Bazin, Marc 683, 684, 686, 689, 690, 713, 714, 716, 721, 723,

727, 730, 732, 733, 736, 742, 745, 746, 792, 793 Beach, Edward L. 297, 298, 368-370, 376, 381-384, 398-406, 410,

415, 423, 424, 477, 483 Beaumont, Captain 277

6

Beauvoir, Jean 572, 573 Beauvoir, Max 698, 7 07 Beaux Arts 523 Becker 87 Beethoven's Ninth Symphony 625 Behanzin, King 29 8 Beijing, China 72 9 Bekier, Aleksandr 589 Bel Air 189, 228, 266, 267, 344, 438, 489, 544, 546, 547, 5 6 1 ,

562, 707 Belain, Pierre 15 Belair, Charles 88, 102, 105, 106, 109 Belair, Sanite 105, 106 Belgium 553 Béliard, General Philippe 199 Bella, Ahmed Ben 600 Belladère 182, 512, 522, 548, 553 Belle Anse (see Saltrou) 346 Bellegarde, Dantès 7, 65, 84, 92, 121, 126, 127, 172, 187, 1 8 8 ,

225, 226, 250, 263, 269, 278-280, 302, 312, 329, 343, 3 4 5 , 398, 426, 431, 445, 446, 459, 460, 517, 530, 531, 538, 5 7 6 , 629

Bellegarde, Jean-Louis 189-192, 196, 619 Belles lettres 235 Bellevue, the 553 Bellevue-par-le-Roi 151 Belley-Mars, Jean-Baptiste 57 Benenson, Peter 606 Benet 82 Benezech 105 Benjamin, Montmorency 240, 253 Benjamin, Pênor 2 66 Bennett airline 725 Bennett, Ernest 674, 678, 700, 706 Bennett, Franz 684, 700, 792 Bennett, Michèle - see Duvalier, Michèle Bennetts 692, 694, 695 Benoît, François 597-599, 726, 730, 745 Benoît, Gérard 597 Benoît, Mme 597 Benoît, Rigaud 524, 525 Benoît, Victor 732 Benson, Admiral 383, 407, 410, 412, 414, 419, 424, 465 Benton, Thomas Hart 148 Berchais 45 Berle, A- A. 590, 631 Berlin 301, 304, 305, 358, 371 Bermuda 235 Berrouet 309, 317, 318, 330 Berrouet, Edouard 677, 678 Biamby, General Philippe 73 9, 74 0 Biassou, Georges 41, 44, 45, 51-53, 56, 62, 65, 66, 68

7

Bien-Aimé, Gëlus 2 64 Bien-Aimé, Surprise 218 Bienvenu, Père 58 Bigart, Homer 583 Bigaud, Wilson 525

Miracle at Cana 525 Bight of Léogane 82, 137 Bird, Mark Baker 206-209, 222, 223, 235

Methodist College Bird 597 Birot 84, 115 Bishop's conference 718, 719 Bissainthe, Père Gérard 604, 630 Bisson 284, 287 Bizango 785 Bizoton (see also Fort Bizoton) 183, 192, 300, 370, 383, 385,

433, 509, 546, 592, 621 Affaire de Bizoton 209, 111

Black Caucus - see Congressional Black Caucus Blackhurst 190 Blain 378 Blain, James G. 295-297, 299, 326, 327 Blake, David 116 Blanchard - see Bailly-Blanchard Blanchard, Allan 614 Blanchelande 53 Blanchet, Adrien 554 Blanchet, Albert 473 Blanchet, Jules 496, 563, 618 Blanchet, Paul 538, 563, 577, 588, 592, 608, 618, 622, 655 Blanchet, Victor 554 Blanco, Gerardo 595 Bligh, William 76 Bloncourt, Melvil 2 37 Blot, Probus 37 6 Boat People 660, 661, 679, 680, 683-685, 741-743, 792 Bobadilla, Francisco 59 8 Bobo, zinglin chief 195, 198 Bobo, Dr. Rosalvo 313, 342, 349, 360, 369, 373-376, 390, 397-

402, 404, 407, 411, 431-433, 437, 439, 476, 479, 480, 634 Bobo, Magasin Alexandre 267 Bocor/Bôkô 196, 209, 439, 562, 581, 584, 592, 604, 627, 637,

657, 664, 707, 780, 784-786 Bogotá, Columbia 647, 666 Bohio 12 Bois Cayman 42, 44, 58, 92, 584, 593, 595, 788 Bois de Chêne 272, 376 Bois-Verna 589, 597 Boisrond-Canal, Pierre-Théomas 204, 227, 232, 233, 246-258, 277,

279, 283-285, 290, 293, 303, 307-309, 321, 326, 328, 405, 553, 790

Boisrond-Tonnerre 109, 119-123, 126, 129, 131, 133, 227, 247, 534

8

Bôkô 196, 209, 439, 562, 581, 584, 592, 604, 627, 637, 657, 664, 707, 780, 784-786

Bolívar, Simón 149, 155 Gran Colombia 158, 160

Bolivia 598 Bombardopolis 64, 80, 92 Bon Sens, Le 341 Bon-Dieu/Bondye 7 66 Bon Nouvel 665 Bonamy, Auguste 3 96 Bonaparte, Napoleon 4, 74, 79, 83, 84, 86, 90-100, 102, 104-108,

110, 111, 114-116, 126, 137, 139, 148, 154, 160, 161, 196, 327, 400

Bon-Coeur, Papa 143, 144 Bondye 7 6 6 Bonhomme, Arthur 503, 564, 565, 587, 627 Bonhomme, Colbert 514 Bonne Foi 2 66 Bonneau, Alexandre 47 8 Bonnet-à-1'Evêque 140 Bonnet, Guy-Joseph 116, 122, 134, 135, 138, 155, 158, 159, 170,

175, 176 Bons Da 365, 366, 373 Bonsai, Stephen 310 Bonsai, Stephen 7 80 Bontemps, Saint-Ange 606 Borah, William 481 Bord-de-mer 628 Borgella, Bernard 90, 137, 138, 145-147 Borgella, Jërôme-Maximilien 137, 138, 161, 171 Borges, Sonny 606, 682 Borjella, Wilson 688 Borno, Joseph Louis 154, 393, 409, 410, 419, 425-427, 449, 450,

453-457, 462-464, 466, 467, 469-473, 476, 477, 479, 481, 483-486, 492, 497, 507, 518, 742, 780, 791

Borno, officer 115 Bosch, Juan 565, 595, 596, 598, 600, 602, 631 Boston, U.S.S. 298 Bottox, General 283-285 Boucaniers 15-17 Boucher 54, 55, 58 Boucicaut, Jean-Rene 581, 592 Boudet 98-102, 115 Bouillaguet 584 Bouillon, duc de 92 Boukman Duty 41, 42, 44, 45, 48, 50, 51, 58, 61, 65, 112, 187,

210, 593 Bourand, General 39 9 Bourdet (Boudet) 23 0 Bourdon 551, 553 Bourik chaje - see Adams, Alvin Bourjolly, Hugues 564

9

Boutillier 619 Bouzon 194 Bouzon, Justin 613 Bowen Field 479, 509, 540, 545, 574, 584 Bowen, James G. 47 9 Boxer, H.M.S. 254 Boxer Uprising 476, 485 Boxer, U.S.S. 632 Boyé, Jacques 162 Boyer, Hervé 563, 618, 619, 624 Boyer, Jean-Pierre 7, 79, 84, 103, 115, 133, 134, 140-142, 145,

147, 150-153, 155-159, 162-173, 175-177, 179, 180, 184, 185, 187, 188, 192, 193, 195, 196, 207, 214, 239, 311, 495, 605, 615, 789

Boyer, J* P. 211 Boyer-Bazelais, Jean-Pierre 239, 244, 249, 250, 253, 254, 257,

260, 262-264, 267, 269, 271, 278, 280, 281, 605, 790 Brandt, O. J. 449, 483, 542, 577 Brasserie La Couronne 491 Brave, Toussaint 111, 119 Bravoure (French ship) 78 Brazil 15, 36, 161, 165, 495, 549, 596, 617, 711, 767, 771 Brëda 62, 65, 152, 534 Brëda, Toussaint (see also Louverture, Toussaint) 41, 152 Breitman, Jerome (Herbert Morrison) 564, 5 94 Brelle, Corneille 126, 127, 139, 154, 161, 184 Bremen, S.M.S. (German cruiser) 319, 32 0, 344 Brest 21, 97, 115 Breton seminary 582, 584 Breughel, Pieter 77 6 Breviare d'une Révolution 633 Brice-aînë, General 230-232, 246, 248 Brice-aînê, Pauline 248 Brierre, Eric 595 Brierre, Jean 390, 496, 523, 528, 534, 552 Brigades de vigilance 721 Brisson, Gerald 619 British Envoys - see Cathcart (Hugh), Corley-Smith (Gerard),

Edwards (R. F. S . ) , Hunt (H• T. C ) , Liston (Robert), Mackenzie (Charles) , Magowan (John) , Pyke (Joseph), Shepard, St. John (Sir Spencer), Ussher (Thomas R . ) , Vansittart, Zohrab (James N.)

Brooke, Rajah 234 Brothers of Christian Instruction 292, 315, 469 Brown, Jonathan 144, 150, 168, 169 Brueys d'Aigailiers 40 Brunache, officer 115 Brunet 13 0, 115 Bruno, Camille 2 63 Brutus, Edner 345, 660 Bryan, William Jennings 328, 348, 358, 362, 365, 366, 371, 372,

384, 387, 749

10

Buccaneer 15-19, 22, 35 Buffalo, New York 567 Bulgaria 508, 62 9 Bulldog, H.M.S. 174, 218-220, 235, 368 Bullet 45, 51 Bunel, Joseph 81 Burck 101 Burdel 264, 267-269, 281 Bureau de l'Arrondissement 377 Bureau des Contributions 600 Burke, Edmund 77, 216 Burney, James 16 Burr, Aaron 103 Burt, Al 547, 579, 599, 616, 634, 703

Papa Doc 634 Burundi 612 Buscail, Abbe 233 Bush, George 728, 735, 739, 741, 793

Administration 741, 743, 745, 746, 749 Aristide meeting 741

Busigny, Marquis de 2 95 Butler, Smedley D. 412-414, 416, 421, 422, 424-426, 430, 431,

435, 440, 441, 447, 478, 481, 484, 485 Butte de la Charrier 112, 113 Button, William R. 436 Byron, Henry 200, 201, 205, 212, 213 Cabaret (see also Duvalierville) 247, 434, 553, 564, 578, 579,

588 Cabildo 12 8 Câble, Le 3 67 Cabon, Père 62, 159, 203, 234, 236 Cabrai, General 212, 221, 233, 241, 242 Cáceres, Don José Nuñez de 158, 159, 78 9 Cachiman/Fort Cachimán 182, 183 Caco Revolts 226-228, 232, 233, 236, 241, 242, 253, 265, 283,

288, 317, 324, 334, 342, 343, 347, 348, 350, 353, 354, 356-359, 361, 364-370, 374-377, 387, 391, 392, 397, 399, 402, 411-416, 429, 432, 434-441, 443, 445, 477-481, 512, 580, 791 Cacos de plume 443, 445, 446

Cadet, Edner 69 0 Café Rex 502 Café Savoy 516 Cafétéria 653, 704, 738, 758 Cagoulards 566, 571 Caille mystère/Kay mistè 775, 782, 783 Cain and Abel 776 Cajul 193 Calixte, Démosthènes 452, 474, 490, 491, 493-495, 502, 503, 515,

517, 518, 549, 550, 552, Callard, Louis 504 Calvinists (see also Huguenots) 19 Cambefort, Colonel de 52

11

Cambis 55 Cambon 5 8 Cambronal 199 Cambronne, Luckner 564, 578, 579, 588, 599, 615, 624, 640, 641,

643-649, 684, 685 Camocains 604-606, 632, 792 Camp d'Application 757 Camp Perrin 17 9 Campan, Mme 124 Canada 510, 536, 609, 612, 630, 631, 694, 711, 749, 750, 752 Canada, H.M.S. 273, 276, 277 Canaille 50 Canape Vert 67 9, 706 Canapé Vert Hospital 629 Canary Islands 13 Candide, Pyrrhus 2 6 Candler, John 7, 185 Candor 145 Candy 45, 48, 50-52, 62, 64, 92 Canga, Tëlémaque 26 Cangê 108, 111 Cannibalism 186, 202, 209, 777 Canossa 609 Cantave, Léon (Ti Cann) 539-545, 554, 564, 603, 604 Cantave invasion 603, 604, 792 Cap Dame Marie 605 Cap des Irois 574 Cap Français 27, 28, 32, 35, 37, 43, 44, 51, 5 2 # 55-57, 62, 63,

81, 90, 92, 108, 109, 112, 138 Cap François 19, 21, 22, 35, 81, 136, 788 Cap Haitian ix, 12, 17, 21, 26, 29, 30, 35, 40, 58, 42, 43, 45,

47, 51-58, 62, 63, 65, 67, 69-71, 73, 75, 78-81, 83-85, 91, 98, 99, 102-108, 112-116, 121, 123, 124, 126, 134, 138, 139, 142, 143, 145, 151-154, 161, 162, 169, 170, 174, 178, 181, 182, 189, 191, 195, 198, 203, 207, 213, 216-220, 224-226, 229, 231, 232, 235, 238-240, 249, 252, 254, 255, 258, 260-263, 272, 274, 276, 283, 284, 286-290, 294, 303, 307-309, 313, 324, 337, 342-345, 349, 354, 357-360, 366-369, 374-376, 385, 386, 388, 394, 399, 401, 407, 411-413, 419, 430-432, 434, 136, 437, 445, 451, 452, 463, 466, 471, 473-475, 480, 483, 487, 496, 498, 505, 507-509, 517, 521, 524, 526, 532, 534, 544, 548, 554, 562, 565, 577, 585, 608, 611, 619-621, 643, 646, 652, 655, 667, 668, 675, 688, 690-692, 695, 699, 727, 756, 757, 788-790, 792, 805, 831, 832

Cap Henry 138, 140, 153, 637 Cap, Le 96, 133 Cap St. Nicolas 12, 35, 294 Cape Hatteras 3 67 Cape Tiburón 23, 77 Caperton, Admiral William B. 367-370, 374-376, 381-383, 388,

391, 396-412, 414, 415, 419, 423-425, 445, 465, 476-478 Capet, Citizen (see Louis XVI) 54

12

Capois 78, 217, 239, 245, 348, 367, 374, 487, 507, 530, 542, 667, 688

Capoix-la-Mort 112, 113, 131, 136, 473 Capote, Truman 534 Capotillo 343 Capuchins 3 6 Caputo, Dante 746, 747 Caracas, Venezuela 149, 73 8 Caracol 21, 308 CARE (Cooperative for American Relief Everywhere) 594, 691, 692,

699 Carénage 11 Carib Indians 777 Caribbean Mills 609 Caribbean Ready Amphibious Squadron 59 8 Caribs 13, 16, 36 CARICOM (Caribbean Common Market) 728 Carlos V 13, 14 Carlyle, The French Revolution 37 Carmagnole 37 Carnival 599, 616 Carré, Antoine 505 Carrefour 182, 567, 643, 735 Carrefour Croix-Marchand 318 Carrefour Quatre Chemins 179 Carrefour Rouge 290 Carriê, Evremont 500 Carrië, Turenne 263 Cartagena, Colombia 22, 742 Carter, Jimmy 631, 656, 660, 662-664, 677, 690, 722, 733, 735,

745, 754-758, 760, 794 Administration 631, 660, 662, 666, 667, 678 Agreement 7 54-758 Troika 754, 755, 760

Carteron, Minister 318, 319, 321 Casa Consistorial 128 Casa de Contratación 15 Casernes Dessalines 370, 490, 539, 544-546, 554, 568, 569, 572,

574, 575, 596, 606, 653, 682, 692, 703, 707, 709, 724, 728, 758

Cases, Las 111 Casimir, Jean 737, 739, 746, 752 Casse, Jean-Baptiste du 21-23, 36 Castel Père 176, 190, 215, 249, 697 Castelle 219 Castor, Voltaire/comte de l'Ile-à-Vache 191, 195, 199 Castro, Don Felipe Fernandez de 164 Castro, Fidel 573-575, 587, 589, 590, 592, 618, 629, 732, 754

Invasion 619, 792 Castroites 603 Catalogne, Gérard de 505, 564, 577, 613, 622, 624, 634 Catéchisme de la Révolution 608

13

CATH (labor union) 730 Cathcart, Hugh 80, 93 Catholic Relief 594 Catholicism 767, 781 Catlin, Albertus W. 433, 434, 440-442 Cator, Sylvio 516 Cauvin, Léger 2 92 Cauvin, Luxembourg 3 52 Cauvin, Saint-Elia 232 Cavaillon 23, 29, 84, 191, 230, 548 Cavalier, H.M.S. 632 Cayard, Octave 621 Cayemite 35, 231 Cayenne 92, 115 Cayes, Les 23, 29, 30, 40, 50, 52, 53, 65, 73, 75, 82, 84, 109,

114, 121, 122, 124, 131, 137, 138, 145, 147, 149, 166, 169-171, 176, 179, 181, 184, 191, 192, 203, 215, 223, 227, 229, 230, 232, 248, 250, 256-262, 274, 290, 306, 321-323, 343, 344, 347, 350, 407, 415, 451, 454, 464, 478, 485, 494, 499, 503, 504, 508, 513, 521, 535, 538, 541, 543, 546, 548, 573, 587, 595, 611, 668, 677, 698, 714, 738, 791

Cayes, duc des/Jean-Claude 195 Cayes Massacre 465 Cayes-Jacmel 2 90, 548 Cayonne/Cayona (on La Tortue) 19 Cayos Lobos 677 Cázale 619, 629 Cazalta, Father 185 Cazeau 603 CBS (Columbia Broadcasting System) 757 Cedras, Mme 739, 755 Cedras, Raoul 735-737, 739, 740, 746-748, 750, 754-758, 792, 793

Appointment 737 Centenaire, the 312-314, 329 Centenary Palace (see Palais du Centenaire) 313, 314 Central Bank 759 Central Committee of the Revolution 2 64 Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) 591, 600, 605, 617, 632, 758,

760 Central Railway of Haiti 337 Central School of Agriculture 462 Central Telephone Exchange 647 Centre d'Art 523-526 CEP (Conseil Electoral Provisoire) 718, 720-723, 727, 728, 760,

761, 763 Cerca-la-Source 329, 342, 343, 357, 499, 566 Cercle Bellevue 457, 481, 484, 486, 489 Cérémonie/Seremoni 771, 775-777, 779-783 Cérémonie Bois Cayman 42, 44, 58, 92, 584, 593, 595, 788 Cërisier-Lauriston 190 Cessens, Abbé 196, 203, 210, 211, 234 Chabert 445

14

Chalmers, Rene 579, 589, 594, 600, 617, 629 Cham (vicomte de Noë) 195, 2 03 Chamber of Commerce 578 Chamber of Deputies 667 Chamberlain, Greg 737 Chamberlain, Sir Austen 451 Chambre Législatif 280 Champ de Mars, Cap Haitian 127, 13 9 Champ de Mars, Port-au-Prince 194, 196, 244, 262, 272, 319, 333,

376, 384, 389, 474, 489, 502, 513, 535, 536, 543, 545, 568, 569

Champlain, Samuel de 12, 15 Champs Elysêes 323 Chancy, Emmanue1 2 80 Chanlatte, Antoine 54, 56, 86, 124-126, 129 Chanlatte, Juste 129, 131, 153, 163, 173, 184 Chanoine, Jean-Marie 682, 694, 697 Chantel 464 Chantiers 533 Chareron, officer 120 Charivari 195 Charlemagne 343, 479 Charlemagne, Emmanuel ("Manno") 761 Charles, Clêmard-Joseph 563, 564, 609, 617, 721 Charles, Joseph D. 521, 552 Charles, Marc 569 Charles, Normil 228 Charles X 161, 164, 167 Charlevoix, Père 14, 18, 21, 36 Charlier, Etienne 542 Charlotte, S.M.S 304 Charmant, Alcius 5, 257, 266, 280, 281, 287, 290, 301, 317, 325-

327 Charmant, Rodolphe 3 01 Charmilly, Vernault de 61 Chasseur, French cruiser 2 68 Chasseurs Volontaires de Couleur 34 Chatard 217 Chateau Thierry, U.S.S. 474 Châteaublond 348 Châtelain, Joseph 3 65 Châtelains 374, 379 Châtelet des Fleurs 573 Chauffeurs-Guides 528, 538, 540, 543, 577, 643 Chauvet, Ernest 456, 473, 484, 521, 522 Chauvet, Henri 428 Chauvet, Lucien 389, 529, 564, 569, 617 Chavannes, Jean-Baptiste 34, 38-40, 46, 114, 233, 788 Chazotte, Pierre-Etienne 122, 123 Chefs de Section 571, 714, 738, 740 Chemin de Fer Central, Chemin de Fer de la Plaine du Cul-de-Sac

(PCS), Chemin de Fer National - see Railroads

15

Chenet, Jean 593, 594 Chenet, Winnie 594 Cherbourg 97 Chester, Commander 284 Chester, U.S.S. 344 Chevalier, Maurice 624 Chevallier, Adrien 515 Chavallier, André 257, 473 Chevallier, Fontanges 275 Chevallier, Victor 221, 222, 224-226, 232, 236, 240 Chicago, Illinois 298, 612, 699 Chicoyë, Barjon 265, 290, 309 Chicoyé, Normil 265, 290, 309 Chief Mandarin 684 Chile 551, 579, 598 China 629, 729, 736

Communist doctrine 729 Cultural Revolution 73 6 Government 72 9

Chocotte, Adjutant 378 Chollette 215, 216 Choual/Chwal 778-780 Christ, Thomas 236 Christian Democratic Party 667, 730 Christian Democrats 763 Christian Science Monitor 716 Christianity 766 Christmas 7 81 Christophe, Améthyste 141, 157 Christophe, Athénaire 157 Christophe, Eugène 153 Christophe, Henry 24, 25, 28, 34, 35, 40, 70, 72, 73, 79, 80,

82, 84, 88, 89, 91-93, 96, 98-102, 104, 106, 107, 109, 112, 116-119, 121 # 123, 125-128, 130, 131, 133-143, 146, 148, 150-155, 157, 158, 160-162, 166, 167, 169, 172, 173, 176-178, 181, 184, 187, 195, 203, 206, 207, 217, 255, 257, 258, 277, 278, 310, 323, 331, 376, 507, 524, 608, 624, 630, 632, 637, 788, 789

Christophe, Marie-Louise 139, 141, 151, 153, 157 Christophe, Victor Henry 153, 637 Christopher Columbus Statue 7 08 Christopher, Warren 666, 746, 751, 757 Church of St. Anne 154 Church World Services 594, 631 Churchill, Winston 756 Chwal 778-780 CIA (Central Intelligence Agency) 591, 600, 605, 617, 632, 758,

760 Cibao 14, 26, 90 Ciguer 14 Ciment d'Haïti 670 Cimetière Extérieur 352, 550, 552, 607, 626, 646, 706

16

Cincinnatus 181, 194 Ciné Capitol 176 Ciné Rex 522, 523 Cinëas, Alix 613, 697, 708, 709, 712 Cinéas, Fritz "Toto" 564, 640, 648 Citadel La Ferrière 118, 128, 136, 140, 142, 151, 153-155, 535,

675 Cité de l'Exposition 553 Cité Simone 708, 711 Cité Soleil 708, 711, 733, 750, 757, 763 Cité Vincent 505 Ciudad Santo Domingo/Ciudad Trujillo - see also Dominican

Republic and Santo Domingo 86, 98, 128, 159, 178, 193, 194, 202, 213, 475, 499, 500, 526, 533, 549, 550, 564, 567, 596, 600, 789, 790

Civilisateur, Le 239 Claire-Heureuse (Dessalines) 124, 139, 534 Clarkson, Thomas 38, 39, 142, 157 Claude, Jean 152 Claude, Sylvio 666, 676, 679, 681, 683, 684, 688, 690, 718, 721,

723, 727, 730, 738, 763 Clavière 55 Cleo (tropical storm) 606, 611 Clérin/Kleren 775, 779 Clervaux 58, 65, 86, 87, 88, 92, 96, 100, 106-109, 112, 113,

119, 124, 126, 153 Cleveland, Grover 295 Clinton, Bill 745-747, 749-752, 754-756, 758, 761, 762, 793, 794

Administration 704, 749, 751, 752, 754 Clouchet 271 Club Massiac 38, 48 Club Med 669, 761, 792 Club Port-au-Princien 545 Clyde, William P. 296, 326 CNN (Cable News Network) 749, 756 Coalition Haïtienne 618, 620, 634 Coalition of National Liberation Brigades 648 Coast of Slaves 24 Code du Travail 57 8 Code Napoléon 349, 483 Code Noir 24, 25, 33, 34, 36, 38, 88, 114 Code Pénal 457, 484, 780 Code Rural 88, 140, 141, 166, 167, 169, 429 Coffey, Lieutenant 399, 400 COHATA (national airline) 509, 573 Coicou, Horace 319, 320 Coicou, Jules 319, 320, 330 Coicou, Massillon 312, 319, 320, 330, 607 Coicou, Pierre-Louis 319, 320 Colbert, Jean-Baptiste 17-19 Colcis 374 Cole, E. K• 398, 399, 411, 412, 414, 420, 421, 424, 426, 477

17

Cole, Hubert 173 Coles 271, 273 Coles, Dr. 309, 310, 328 Collège Bird 639, 674 College St. Martial 234 Collège St. Pierre 602, 603 Collet 90 Collignon, Louis (Oblate father) 508, 551 Colombia 149, 387, 536, 592, 598, 741 Colombian embassy 569, 592, 647, 762 Colombian talks 741, 742 Colon 451 Colon, Marcel 554 Columbia University 496 Columbus, Christopher 11-14, 708, 777, 788 Columbus, Don Diego 14 Colvin, Dr. 469, 486 Combat, Le 515 Combattant, Le 619, 620, 634 Comedians, The 534, 572, 627, 713 Comité de Défense Nationale (Committee of National Defense) 516,

517 Comité des Forces Démocratiques Haïtiennes 602 Comité Exécutif Militaire 514-517, 552 Comité Intersyndical 577, 629 Comité Révolutionnaire (Revolutionary Committee) 3 97-399, 4 02-

404, 538 Committee for Economic Liberation 551 "Committee of 57" 718 Committee of National Defense (Comité de Défense Nationale) 516,

517 Committee of Public Safety 514, 544 Communism 496, 497, 528, 718 Communist Party Manifesto 528 Compagnie de St. Louis 23 Compagnie des Indes Occidentales 24 Compagnie des Pompiers 241, 481, 547 Compagnie Electrique 595 Conan, Msgr. Julien 322, 351, 399, 489 Conard, Charles 407, 410, 411, 418, 429, 476, 478 Concasseur, Captain 627 Concord Hotel (Dominican Republic) 72 5, 72 6 Conde, cruiser 477 Condorcet 3 8 Congo/Kongo 24, 612, 769, 772, 787 Congressional Black Caucus 664, 745, 746, 751, 752 Connaissance/Konnesans 774, 7 85 Connecticut, U.S.S 398, 411 Conseil Consultatif 530 Conseil National du Gouvernement (CNG) 708-724, 731 Conseil Supérieur 33 Consolidará 343, 345, 348, 358, 359, 386

18

Consolidations convictions 305, 315, 386 Constant, Emmanuel ("Toto") 611, 638, 749, 758, 760 Constant, Gérard 616, 623, 641, 749 Constant, Juste 515, 516 Constant, Nevers 3 42 Constant, "Toto" (see Constant, Emmanuel) Constitutionnel, Le 534 Constitutions 125, 127, 137, 138, 177, 206, 224, 236, 245, 250,

253, 292, 326, 421, 423, 426, 479, 512, 519, 530, 538, 565, 623, 717, 725, 740, 742, 761, 764, 790

Conzë, Jean-Baptiste 435, 436 Corail 76, 145, 146, 183, 216, 265 Corbett, Bob x Cordon of the West/Cordon de l'Ouest 136, 161 Cordon Sanitaire 680 Corley-Smith, Gerard 579 Corps d'Aviation 479, 509, 606, 620, 621 Corps de Maréchaussée 29 Corsica 103, 564 Cortez 14, 18 Corvée 34, 206, 233, 429-432, 440, 442, 443, 481, 503 Corvington, Georges 116 Corvington, Paul 539, 554, 612 Cosmas 772, 787 Costa Rica 346, 602 Côte d'Ivoire 787 Coteaux 54 8 Côtes de Fer 12, 264, 265, 548 Cotton, Joseph P. 468, 485 Cotuy 8 6 Couë/Kwi 773 Council of Lêogâne 27 Coupe de l'Inde 115 Cour de Cassation 456, 516, 539, 625, 683, 731 Courlander, Harold 772, 7 86 Couronne, La 139 Courrejolles, Captain 268, 269 Courrier Haïtien, Le 445, 446, 481, 486 Court of St. James 317 Cousin Zaca/Kouzen Azaka 771, 778, 781 Coutard, Coutilien 134 Covin School 170 Coward, Nôel 533, 534 Craige, John Houston 3 89 Crassweller, Robert 501, 507, 550, 591 Crédit-Général Français (Paris) 246, 27 9 Cremas 7 82 Créole, frigate 103 Creole language - see Haitian Creole Crête-à-Pierrot 101, 102, 789, 791 Crête-à-Pierrot, flagship 307-310, 328, 332 Croix Rouge 603

19

Croix-des-Bossales 2 61 Croix-des-Bouquets 100 # 112, 116, 200, 207, 227, 233, 247, 252,

290, 525, 576, 605, 643, 673, 676, 690, 698, 720, 744, 781, 787

Croix-des-Martyrs 84, 123, 182 Croix-des-Missions 134, 248, 267, 576, 609 Cromwell 135, 454 Croyan t, gunboat 33 0 Cruches (see Krich) 775 Cuba (see also Guantánamo Bay) 35, 49, 84, 86, 108, 116, 124,

160, 164, 234, 242, 251, 296, 316, 322, 327, 335, 336, 346, 373, 382, 384, 405, 420, 433, 476, 498, 535, 546, 565, 567, 573, 574, 579, 589, 590, 615, 618, 628, 665, 737, 754, 775 Oriente province 5 67

Cuban barbudos 574 Cuban Communist Party 516 Cuban Missile Crisis 592 Cuban Pacification 476 Cubans 251, 252, 264, 564, 574, 575, 629, 679, 680 Cul-de-Sac 20, 23, 26, 28, 29, 31, 32, 36, 39, 48-50, 52, 54,

82, 111, 132, 134, 142, 144, 178, 189, 193, 207, 267, 330, 359, 430, 440, 522, 526, 528, 576, 603, 605, 624, 775, 783

Cumberland, W. W. 483, 552 Curaçao 15, 17 8, 360, 600 Curé of Limbe 58 Cures des noirs 46, 766 Cutts, Colonel 485, 486 Cuverville, Rear Admiral de 298 Czechoslovakia 589, 629 Dade County 568 Daguille, Euphémie 127 Dahomey 14, 24, 89, 140, 141, 186, 298, 612, 766, 769, 770, 777,

787 Dahomeans 768, 769, 771 Daily Express 32 8 Dajabón 200, 359, 388, 498, 499, 598 Dalencourt, Gaston 374, 383, 454 Dallas Police Force 757 Dalzell, Archibald 770 Dalzon 176 Dambala/Damballah 41, 101, 463, 766, 768, 769, 771, 775, 779,

780 Dame Marie 54, 55, 197, 548 Damián 772, 7 87 Damien 453, 462, 463, 465, 485, 511, 543, 603, 791 Damier, J.B. 463, 484 Dan Allen's (café) 553 Danache, B. 423-425, 427, 445, 459, 476 Danache, Georges 627 Dangbé 768 Daniels, Josephus 402, 409, 416, 421, 441 Danner, Mark 717, 722

20

Danton 6 6 Dardignac 288, 290, 325 Dartigue, Minister 511 Dartiguenave, Philippe Sudre 241, 391, 397, 401-411, 416, 419-

433, 443, 444, 446, 449, 454, 476-479, 481, 483, 492, 780, 791

D'ASSELS (French ship) 328 Dassou, General 157 Daumec, Gérard 633 Daumec, Lucien 538, 563, 618 Daumier 195 Dauphin Sisal Plantation 493, 515, 670 Daut, Jean-Philippe 113 Dauxion-Lavaysse, Jacques-François 161 David, Jean 574 David, Placide 484, 520 Davis, Beale 378-383, 391, 397, 398, 402-407, 409, 477 Davis, Harold Palmer 352, 377, 379, 450, 455, 483 Davis, Richard Harding 491 Davis, Roy Tasco 539, 540 Davis, Thomas W. Jr. 62 7 Davis, Wade ix, 2 02

The Serpent and the Rainbow ix Day, Edner 604, 624, 707 Debelle 101, 105 Dechoukaj 7 07, 112, 734 Decoste, Jean-Baptiste 611 Deetjen, Max 581 Défense (Haitian ship) 32 6 Défilée 133 Defly, Edmond 352, 359, 369, 370, 388 De-facto government 745, 748, 752, 753 Degand, prefect 549 Dehoux, Jean-Baptiste 2 63 Déjean, Joseph 612 Déjean, Père 633, 634 Déjoie, Louis 538, 540-543, 545, 547, 548, 554, 566, 567, 572,

573, 575, 582, 716, 727, 729 Dëjoie, ' ti Loulou 716, 721, 723 Déjoieists 565-567, 573, 575, 631 Delatour, Leslie 683, 713, 715, 716, 759 Delbos government 494 Delcasse, Théophile 411 Délégué, regional 508 Delince, Kern ix

Quelle Armée pour Haiti? ix Delinois 383 Delmas road 598, 644, 734 Delorme, Démesvar 201, 216, 217, 220, 222, 235, 263, 301 Delpeche, officer 132 Deluge 567, 568 Delva, Alfred 233, 238

21

Delva, Charles de 374, 376, 383, 389, 545 Delva, Damien 19 0, 2 01, 2 08 Delva, Zacharie 584, 595, 604, 610, 620, 631, 653, 664, 684 Demons 7 85 Denby, Edwin 443 Denis, duc de Decrès 104-106 Denis, Jean 191 Denis, Lorimer 496, 497, 522, 562, 563, 698, 764 Dennis, Minister 506 Depestre, Rene 496, 513, 515, 563, 618, 619 Dëprez 597, 603 Deputy Sheriffs' Coup 550, 567-570, 674, 792 Dêrac 548 Dërance 12 5 Dêrance, Lamour 105, 111, 125 Derrière-la-Loge 2 65 Des Moines, U.S.S. 321, 344, 369 Descartes (French cruiser) 375, 37 6 Deschamps, Henri 2 66 Deschamps, Seigneur Jérêmie 17 Deschapelles 533 Deseos, L. 787 Descotière, Mme 180 Desfourneaux 99-101 Désinor, Clovis 613, 638, 675, 694, 696, 715, 721, 722 Désir, Luc 603, 653, 706, 707, 711, 712 Désoccupation 471, 472, 489, 491, 495, 496, 504, 549, 792 DeSoto, U.S.S. 220, 235 Desroches, Charles 2 65 Desroches, Nelson 285 Desroches, Rosny 710, 716, 723 Desrosiers, Excellent 502, 512 Desrue 366, 3 88 Dessalines barracks - see Casernes Dessalines Dessalines battalion 695 Dessalines, Colonel 189, 190, 192, 199 Dessalines, Jean-Jacques 28, 65, 79, 82-89, 91, 93, 94, 100-103,

105, 106, 108, 109, 111-116, 119-135, 138-140, 142, 145, 148-150, 153, 154, 159, 163, 166, 167, 172, 176, 179, 184, 187, 189, 191, 192, 239, 265, 275, 300, 310, 313, 314, 329, 344, 453, 461, 462, 478, 479, 489, 492, 500, 535, 562, 564, 578, 579, 582, 584, 594, 598, 599, 606-608, 626, 627, 630, 632, 634, 650, 789 Non-portrait of 12 6

Dessalines, Marie-Claire Heureuse 124, 139, 534 Dessalines statue 319, 332, 489 Dessalines tomb 490 Dessalines (Haitian ship) 270, 275, 276, 287, 326 Dessalines, town (see Marchand) 181, 215, 290, 318, 578 Dessounin 624 Dessource, Colonel 76 Dessources, Joseph 3 97

22

Destin (French sloop-of-war) 223 Destouches, G. 314 Desvesin, Këbreau 487 Deutsches Verein 337 Devaux 101 Development Loan Fund (DLF) 587, 588, 630 Devil 778, 779 Dhesta, Princess Sophia 613 Dhormoys, Paul (Lambert) 202, 203 Diamant, General 252 Diambois, Félix 625 Diaspora 612, 664, 665, 702, 712, 738, 741, 746, 747, 755, 793 Dictator, U.S.S. 242 Diederich, Bernard 547, 572, 579, 599, 616, 634, 703

Papa Doc 634 Diederich, Jean-Bernard 722 Diego, Don 14 Dillon Irish Regiment 63 Dimanche, André 525 ^Dinosaurs' 664, 667, 672, 683, 696 Diocletian, Emperor 787 DLF (Development Loan Fund) 587, 588, 630 Dollar Diplomacy 335 Dollot, Georges 26 Domingue, Michel 227-230, 236, 238, 243-248, 279, 790 Dominican Armed Forces 491, 499, 500, 598, 632 Dominican auxiliaries 342 Dominican border 289, 386, 497, 498, 693, 724, 741, 743, 744,

752 Dominican chancery 598 Dominican consul 512 Dominican embassy 566, 567, 726 Dominican exiles 498 Dominican Foreign Ministry 501 Dominican indemnity for the Haitian massacre 50 0, 501 Dominican legation 3 79 Dominican military 600 Dominican Policía Nacional 49 9 Dominican rebels 3 59 Dominican Republic - see also Santo Domingo and Ciudad Santo

Domingo 3, 178, 182, 193, 212, 213, 216, 225, 233, 234, 241-243, 258, 289, 338, 339, 343, 344, 353, 357-362, 412, 413, 491, 497, 498, 500, 501, 505, 526, 532, 549, 568, 574, 579, 595-597, 603, 604, 609, 627, 631, 634, 660, 662, 670, 741, 744, 752, 758, 775

Dominicans 372, 386, 595, 596, 598, 604, 744, 752, 775 Dominique, "Phito" 540, 567, 568, 569 Dominique, Max 556, 606, 616, 617, 639, 640, 643, 644, 647, 657,

670-672, 703 Dominiques 617, 649 Dondon 29, 36, 37, 43, 45, 58, 62, 66, 86, 91, 116, 185, 227,

249, 414, 651

23

Dorcé, Cecilio 726 Dorélien, Père Albert 584, 608 Dorsainvil, Dr. J. C. 2, 184, 220, 257, 325, 420, 496, 779

Manuel d'Histoire d'Haïti 496 Dorsinville, Roger 563 Doublette, Antonio 554 Douglas, Paul H. 3 88, 454 Douglass, Frederick 249, 292, 293, 296-298, 300, 326 Douyon 374 Douyon, Auguste (Ti Pouche) 681, 694 Dracula 786 Drake, Francis 14 Dravermann 161 Drew, Gerald A. 1, 487, 555, 556, 571, 586, 628, 631 Drouin, Louis 559, 607 Drouins 606 Du Bois, W. E. B. 551 Duarte, Juan Pablo 17 8, 2 02 Dubois, Normil 227 Dubuisson, Paul 32 Duchatellier, General 3 34 Dufay 57 Duffaut, Préfet 525

Maîtresse Erzulie 525 Dufour, Jean-Rafaël 738, 740, 742 Dufrene, Louis 195, 200 Dugua, General 101 Duguay-Trouin (French cruiser) 321 Dumas, Thomas Alexandre iv, 29, 6 06 Dumesle-Hêrard 17 0, 171 Dumont, Colonel 551 Dumortier, Clément 438 Dundas, Scot Henry 74, 7 6, 77 Dunham, Katherine 518, 519, 522, 553, 7 83 Duperval, Jean-Claude 758-7 60 Duperval, Richelieu 256, 260 Dupetit-Thouars, Aubert 164 Dupont, Officer 84, 115 Dupuche, Officer 115 Dupuy, Chevalier Alexis 140, 153, 233, 234 Dupuy-Roland plot 52 6, 528 Duquesne, Admirai 199, 600 Durand, Oswald 3 05 Durocher-Bertin, Mireille 761, 762 Durosier, Guy 625 Dutch (see also Flemish) 15-18, 248, 324, 344, 370, 551, 579 Duty, see Boukman Duty Duvalier, Duval 628, 7 03 Duvalier, François ix, 4, 7, 9, 116, 236, 389, 483, 496, 497,

515, 528, 538, 539, 541-543, 546-549, 553-558, 560-643, 645-650, 652, 653, 655, 656, 658, 668, 669, 671, 672, 674-676,

24

678, 679, 694, 695, 698, 699, 701-703, 706, 707, 709, 715, 716, 721, 722, 726, 736, 738, 744, 745, 763, 764, 771, 792

Duvalier, Jean-Claude (see also ^Dinosaurs') 554, 560, 562, 597, 616, 623-625, 629, 636-644, 646-656, 658, 660, 661, 663-668, 670-676, 679, 681-684, 688-704, 709, 714-716, 723, 724, 726, 732, 734, 742, 792, 793 Duvalier-Bennett marriage 674-676, 689, 692, 700-702, 726,

734 Jean-Claudism 659, 668, 690 Jean-Claudists 658, 666 Jean-Claudist memorabilia 658

Duvalier, Marie-Denise 562, 616, 624, 638, 639, 643, 644, 657, 670-672, 703

Duvalier, Michèle (Michèle Bennett) 674-676, 679, 681, 682, 684, 686, 688, 689, 691, 692, 697-702, 704, 716, 792

Duvalier, Nicolas-François-Jean-Claude 686, 688, 689 Duvalier, Nicole 562, 616, 638, 639, 647, 651, 653, 657 Duvalier, Simone 562, 597, 636, 638, 672 Duvalier, Simone Ovide Faine 483, 562, 616, 614, 624, 63 8, 640,

641, 643, 644, 646, 647, 655, 657, 661, 664, 673-676, 679, 684, 686, 702, 706, 711

Duvalier coup 695-703, 713, 714 Duvalier fall 742 Duvalier family mausoleum 62 6, 64 0, 7 03 Duvalier legacy 7 02 Duvalier regime ix, 695, 703, 712, 716, 723, 736 Duvalier III 729 Duvalierism (see also Jean-Claudism) 637, 643, 653, 655, 660,

661, 666, 668, 691, 692, 694, 702, 721 Duvalierists (see also Jean-Claudists) 4, 539, 540, 547, 565,

569, 578, 588, 589, 598, 599, 601, 607, 608, 611, 623, 627, 629, 638, 643, 645, 647, 650, 657, 666, 670, 673-675, 679, 689, 697, 700, 709, 712, 715, 716, 718, 721, 723, 726, 727, 732, 733, 738, 740, 745, 751, 760, 764, 793 Anti-Duvalierists 619, 631

Duvalierist Revolution 63 8 Duvaliers 657, 668, 677, 678, 686, 699, 700-703, 705, 706, 709,

711, 713, 716, 726, 759 Duvalierville (see also Cabaret) 553, 578, 579, 588, 615 Duveyrier, Adj. 113 Duvigneaud, Frédéric 494, 502, 505, 515, 569 Duvivier, Ulrick 372 Dyab 775 E. C. Irwin, filibusterer 281 Eagle, U.S.S. 376, 399 Earthquakes 32, 169, 170, 274 East Germany 62 9 Eastern Airlines 708 Ebro 67 Eckermann, Fregaten-Kapitán 3 09, 310 Eclaireurs (Scouts) 146 Ecole Polytechnique 2 59

25

Ecuador 549, 597, 598 Edeline, Claude 605 Eder, Richard 611, 613, 632 Edwards, Bryan 44, 47, 64, 68, 76, 87, 175 Edwards, R. F• S. 444, 450, 451, 456, 458 Effort, L' 320 Efron, Edith 523, 552, 553 Egypt 476 Eider, R. M. S. (see La Patrie) 269 Eighty-Second airborne (82) 753, 754 Eisenhower, carrier 754 Eisenhower, Dwight D• 53 6, 704 Eisenhowers 537 Eitel Freidrich, S.S. 3 87 El Morro 116 El Presidente (Dominican ship) 32 6 El Progresso, Mexico 375 El Rancho 552, 704 El Salvador 598 Elba 92, 93 Electricité d'Haïti (EDH) 657 Elias Pina 522, 553, 598 Elie 374 E u e , Emile 417, 476, 477 Elie, Frédéric 294, 296, 297, 326 Elie-Dubois, François 207 Elko, Stephen 650, 665 Elliott, Edgar 551 Elliott, Jonathan 193 Elysée Palace 273 Embargo 15, 81, 148, 429, 645, 739, 741-743, 746-748, 750, 752,

793 Emerson, Ralph Waldo 11 ENAOL (cooking oil monopoly) 713 Engaño, the 8 6 Ennery 66, 102, 217, 342, 354, 360, 386, 388, 412 Enriquez, Padre Juan Marimon 149 Enterprise, U.S.S. 296 Episcopacy 697, 710, 793 Episcopal Church 633 Erzulie/Ezili 194, 770 Escambray Mountains 575 Esmangart, Sieur 161, 162 Esnambuc, Sieur d' 15 Esperance, L' (corvette) 67 Estaing, Comte d' 34, 35, 112 Estere 652 Estere, steamer 221, 288, 652 Estimé, Dumarsais 488, 515, 517-522, 526, 528-535, 542, 547,

548, 552-554, 562, 563, 565, 566, 576, 577, 583, 586, 604, 608, 609, 619, 670, 781, 792

Estimé, Mme 553

26

Estime, Rameau 617 Estiméists 532, 565, 577, 582 Eswald, Robert 471 Ethelburga (English syndicate) 341 Ethiopia 329, 613, 779 Etienne, Charles-Oscar 376-379, 383, 389, 398 Etincelles 513 Eugène, Grégoire 667, 677, 679, 690, 692, 723 Evans, F. E. 466 Evil Eye 7 81, 7 84 experiment, U.S.S. 82 Ezekiel 776 Ezili 194, 770 Ezili-Frêda-Dahomey 77 0 Ezili-Je-Wouj 770, 771, 784, 785 Fabre Geffrard & Cie. 215 Fad'H (Forces Armées d'Haïti - see also Haitian Army) 570, 580,

581, 584, 589, 596, 604-606, 616, 619, 629, 631, 632, 707, 737, 738, 740, 746, 751, 753, 756, 760, 761, 792

Fad'H Tactical Batallion 606 Fagalde 197, 203 Farah, Douglas ix Fardin, Dieudonnê 692 Fareau, Andre 545 Farmer, Paul Edward 460, 685, 703 Farnham, Roger L. 324, 328, 341, 348, 350, 358, 365, 371, 384-

386, 388, 454 Fatal, Dr. 154 Fathers of the Holy Spirit 633, 634 Fatras Bâton - see Louverture, Toussaint Faubert, Pétion 217, 229, 236 Faubert, Pierre 211 Fauntroy, Walter 72 8 Faustin I, Emperor - see Soulouque, Faustin Fayet, de 2 9, 3 0 Feast of St. Anne 574 Fédération des Chauffeurs-Guides 528, 538, 643 Federation des Travailleurs Haïtiens (FTH) 52 8 Félix, curé 129 Fennel1, Thomas A. 511 Ferdinand, King 14, 26, 55, 788 Ferdinand VII 154, 158, 164 Férère, Murville 315 Fermage 73, 88, 89, 140, 167 Ferma the 705 Férou, Laurent 34, 108, 111, 119, 124, 130, 131 Ferrand 127, 128, 154, 160, 193, 202 Ferrier 133 Ferrofino, Msg. Giovanni 584, 610 Ferry, Jules 281 Féry, Honoré 177, 181, 190, 207 Fête de Agriculture 24 6

27

Fête des Aïeux 588 Fête du Drapeau (Flag Day) 544 Feu nan caille-la (song) 595 Feuille, Jean-Hubert 7 62 Figaro, Le 725 Figaro, Morille 564 Fignole, Mme 546 Fignolé, Pierre Eustache Daniel 515, 517-519, 528-530, 533, 534,

538, 539, 541-543, 545-548, 552, 554, 573, 712, 792 Fignolists 517, 518, 529, 544, 545, 547, 565, 631 Filibusterer 16, 19-22, 28, 35

American 229, 231, 280 Dominican 224

Fillettes Lalo 764 Firmin, Anna 3 07 Firmin, Anténor 198, 225, 236, 238, 243, 245, 250, 259, 262,

279, 291-293, 296-299, 301, 304, 305, 307-310, 317-319, 322, 326, 329, 330, 342, 344, 352, 372, 387, 510, 634, 791

Fish, Hamilton 244, 279 Fitzwater (U.S. press secretary) 741 Flag Day (Fête du Drapeau) 544 Flambert, Maurice 567-569, 571, 572 Flaville, Joseph 91 Flemish (see also Dutch) 14, 15 Flesch, M. E. 283, 300, 326, 327, 468 Fletcher 466, 467 Fleur-de-Lys 17 Flon, Catherine 109 Flood, Daniel (Dapper Dan) 650, 665 Flora (tropical storm) 604, 611, 656 Florida 731, 762 Florida Keys 567, 618 Flushing 97 FNCD (Front National pour le Changement et la Démocratie) 732,

736, 761 Foggy Bottom (U.S. State Department) 520, 587, 589, 601, 642,

645, 696, 718, 726 Foisset, Père 523 Folies Bergère 302, 402 Folklorique 582 Folkloristes 542 Fombrun, Marcel 471, 514, 515 Fondateurs statues 535 Fond des Nègres 83 Fond Mombin 483 Fond Parisien 3 9 Fons 7 69 Fontámara 619 Fontanges, vicomte de 34, 161, 162 Foote, Sir Hugh 533 Forbes Commission 459, 465-469, 472 Forbes, General 70

28

Forbes, W. Cameron 465-467, 475, 485 Forces Armées d'Haïti - see Fad'H Ford, Commodore 75 Ford, John 63 Foreign bases - see Môle St. Nicolas Forêt des Pins 511, 604 Fort Bauteau 240 Fort Belair 219 Fort Bergerac 200 Fort Berthol 413 Fort Biassou 227 Fort Bizoton (see also Bizoton) 50, 66, 67, 75, 99, 112, 228,

236 Fort Bragg 753 Fort Breda 112 Fort Caca 649 Fort Cachimán 182, 183 Fort Capois 413, 435, 436, 480 Fort Dauphin (see also Fort Liberté) 26, 43, 52, 62 Fort-de-France 198 Fort de Joux 110, 112, 137 Fort Dimanche 99, 512, 540, 547, 550, 557, 566, 584, 585, 595-

597, 602, 605, 606, 616, 617, 619, 620, 632, 648, 650, 653, 659, 662, 663, 666, 707, 712, 713, 719, 736, 737, 760, 792 Fort Dimanche massacre 712, 713, 719

Fort Dipitiê 413 Fort Edouard 252 Fort Garit 79 Fort Grand 82 Fort Ilet 30, 171, 232 Fort, John Franklin 372 Fort La Pointe 230 Fort La Source 181 Fort Lacroix 232 Fort Lamarre 3 64 Fort Lauderdale Sun 7 62 Fort Lerebours 192 Fort Liberté (see also Fort Dauphin) 62, 64, 67, 71, 72, 91, 92,

98, 106, 107, 111, 142, 169, 262, 263, 343, 354, 374, 388, 413, 419, 434, 453, 480, 493, 498, 532, 548, 603, 670

Fort National 66, 134, 144, 176, 189, 252, 253, 285, 304, 342, 344, 361, 370, 384, 390, 474, 489, 508, 514, 530, 531, 547, 549, 564, 566, 625, 626

Fort Picolet 99, 112, 161, 162, 219, 368 Fort Riviere 414, 428, 791 Fort Selon 413 Fort St. Claire 451 Fort St. Georges 619 Fort St. Michel 219 Fort Sumter 212 Fort Télernaque 23 0 Fortescue, Sir John 76, 93

29

Fosses, Castonnet de 563 Foucard, Luc Albert 616 Foucards 616 Fouchard, Callisthène 273, 274, 276, 303, 307, 322 Fouché 137 Fouché, Dr. 412 Fouché, maître Luc 530, 548 Fourcand, Dr. Jacques 564, 573, 598, 599, 601, 628 France Telecom 716 Franche-Comté 110 Francisque, Edouard 641, 645, 681 Franck, Harry 45 8 Franco-German consortium 338, 33 9 Franco-Prussian War 243 François, Daniel 539 François Duvalier jet airport 646, 651, 688, 704, 708 François-Jean 51-53, 56, 62, 65, 66, 68, 72 François, Jean-Edmond 43 5, 43 6 François, Michel ("Sweet Mickey") 739, 740, 751, 753, 758 Françoisist 666 Frankfurter, Felix 445 Franklin, James 158, 166, 169, 184 Franquesnay, de 20, 21 FRAPH (Front for Advancement and Progress of Haiti) 749, 750,

758, 760, 794 Freeman, Dr. George F. 461-465, 469, 485, 510, 511 Frelinghuysen, Fredrick T. 272, 273 French Chamber of Commerce 494 French Communist Party 618 French Embassy 7 91 French Envoys - see Bâtie (Déjean de la) , Dufour (Jean-Rafaël) ,

Flesch (M. E . ) , Girard (Pierre), Meyer, Pichón (Louis), Raybaud, Sesmaisons (comte de) , Vorges (comte de) , Wiett (Ferdinand)

French, Howard ix, 735, 750 French West India Company 17, 18 Frères 111, 246, 277, 321, 738

Haitian Military Academy 111, 73 8 Freya, S. M. S. 270 Frontier controversy 386, 497, 498 Fuentes-Rivera, Temistocles 564, 565 Fuertes, Henry (Henri d'Anton) 574, 575 Fuller, Paul Jr. 372, 373, 383, 407 Furniss, Dr. Henry Watson 306, 314-316, 318, 319, 322-325, 329,

330, 336, 338-340, 342, 343, 345-348, 350, 351, 353, 385, 387, 398, 451, 622

Gabaret, Admiral 18 Gabart 102, 111, 113, 126, 127 Gaillard, Roger ix, 7, 439 Gaither, General 556 Galatea, H.M.S. 219 Galatea, U.S.S. 221

30

Galbaud, César 55, 56 Galbaud, Thomas-Francois 54-57, 308 Galena, U.S.S. 284, 287 Gallatin, Albert 147 Gallette, Mme 319 Gallieni 23 Gallifet, chevalier Donon de 3 6 Gallifet plantation 44 Galveston, U.S.S. 465 Gamier, Dr. Apollo 144 Gamier, Gabriel 604 Ganthier 324, 550 Gantry, Elmer 7 07 GAO Study (General Accounting Office) 683 Garcia, Don Joaquin 86 Garcia, Marc 662, 678 Garde-Côtes 35, 509, 546, 597, 620, 621, 635 Garde Nationale 2 80 Garde Présidentielle 348, 352, 386, 490, 491, 502, 507, 514,

517, 531, 572, 580, 585^ 598, 603, 612, 616, 625, 628, 629, 634, 642, 657, 695, 726, 730

Garde Républicaine 201 Gardêre, Paul 3 80 Gardner, W. J. 3 6 Garoute, Hamilton 523 Garrido, E. V. 268, 291 Garrison 417 Gaspard, Augustin 124, 13 8 Gaulle, Charles de 562 Gauthier, Louis-Alexis 297 Gauvain 55 Gayot 719 Gazelle, S.M.S. 243 Gazette de St. Domingue 3 0 Gazette du Peuple 23 8 Gede 664, 686, 698, 770, 771, 775, 780, 782, 783 Gede Bon Pousyê Lakwa 77 0 Gede Nibo 782 Gede-ti-Pete 770 Gede ti Pis nan Dlo 77 0 Gédéon, Antoine 132, 145 Geffrard, Fabre 174, 179, 180, 194, 199-201, 203-209, 211-224,

226, 230, 233-235, 237, 241, 249, 257, 263, 278, 280, 417, 429, 554, 790

Geffrard, Marché 2 66 Geffrard, Nicolas 84, 108, 109, 119, 122, 126, 128-131, 179 General Accounting Office study 683 General Cleirmil/Jeneral Klèmèy 77 0 General de la plas/Jeneral Laplas 774 General Greene, frigate 82, 93 General Mounantiou/Jeneral Moun nan Twou 772, 773 Geneva 614

31

Genoese 14 George III 63, 13 9 George V 434 Georges, Père Jean-Baptiste 563, 604, 618, 627, 630 Gérin, Etienne-Elie 114, 119, 131-135, 144 German consulate 343, 345, 360 German Nazis 496 German Society 3 37 Germany, Germans (see also Hitler, Adolf) 92, 243, 252, 3 04,

305, 327, 335, 336-338, 344, 494, 508, 609, 628, 629, 792 Gersey 55 Ghana 535, 612, 631, 787 Gherardi, Bancroft 290-293, 295-299, 326, 327, 268, 602 Giboze, Capt. 280 Glboziens 2 80 Gibraltar 68 Gibraltar Strait 272 Gingembre 115 Gingras, Jean-Pierre 514, 548 Giniger, Henry 615, 616 Girard, Alice 380, 389 Girard, Pierre 374, 404, 411, 423, 476 Giraud 71, 72 Gish, Lillian 713 Goâves, The 53, 78, 82, 264, 270, 311, 464, 698, 727 Goblet 32 5 Gold Coast 24 Gold, Herbert ix, x, 645, 671, 703, 750

Best Nightmare on Earth ix Goman 105, 108, 136, 137, 145-147, 151, 183, 216, 270, 546, 575,

605 Gomez, Ferrando 512 Gonaïves 64, 66, 70, 72, 75, 77, 79, 84, 91, 92, 101, 103, 119,

120, 123, 140, 142, 143, 161, 200, 207, 215, 221, 224, 227, 231, 232, 240, 249, 253, 254, 256, 259, 262, 270, 274, 276, 283, 284, 286-289, 292, 302, 308, 309, 313, 314, 317, 318, 332, 342, 344, 354, 356, 360, 367, 369, 379, 386, 407, 411, 412, 430, 434, 445, 451, 463, 489, 508, 531, 534, 539, 543, 544, 584, 595, 610, 611, 620, 631, 653, 664, 691, 692, 696, 697, 699, 714, 721, 727, 763, 789, 791, 793 Prince des Gonaives - see Vernet

Gonzalez, Père Jean de Dieu 154 Gordon (tropical storm) 759, 763 Gordon, George 493 Gore, Al 762, 794 Goulet, Gerard 610 Gourgue, Gerard 667, 708-710, 712, 721, 723 Gousse, Pierre 661 Goutier 288, 294, 385 Gouverneurs de la Rosée (see Masters of the Dew) 523 Gouvernments éphémères 541 Governors Island Accord 747, 748, 750, 757, 794

32

Govi 773, 775 # 783 Gracia, François 299 Graff, de 22 Graff, Marie-Anne de 36 Gran Colombia 158, 160 Gran Enfant Jésus/Gran Anfan Jezi 7 81 Gran Erzulie/Gran Ezili 770 Grand Alliance 21 Grand'Anse 50, 53, 54, 61, 63, 75, 76, 80, 105, 108, 124, 136,

137, 145-147, 151, 179, 180, 265, 493, 496, 547 Grand-Doko 14 6, 147 Grand-Goâve 79, 82, 108, 144, 521, 543 Grand-Gosier 346 Grand Quartier Général 572 Grand 7 Rue (Boulevard Jean-Jacques Dessalines, Port-au-Prince)

216, 225, 232, 244, 248, 266, 267, 278, 320, 389, 503, 513, 516, 517, 550, 566, 577, 606, 607

Grand Séminaire 610 Grande Rivière du Nord 39, 44, 45, 72, 88, 105, 116, 181, 183,

227, 262, 289, 303, 357, 358, 386, 413, 414, 434-437, 480, 713

Grande Saline 773 Grande Salle 622 Grant, Ulysses S• 241, 242

Grant Administration 279 Granville, Lord 155 Graser, Dr. Bernhardt 252 Gray, William 752, 753, 755, 794 Greece 150 Green, Benjamin 194, 197 Greene, Graham 452, 534, 572, 578, 594, 600, 619, 627, 629, 651,

703 The Comedians 534, 572, 627, 713

Grégoire, Abbé 38, 210, 226, 255 Gregory XVI, pope 209 Grenada 88, 659 Gresseau, Désormes 261, 264 Grëvy, Jules 273 Grey, Lord 37 9, 3 81 GRID (Gay-Related Immune Deficiency Syndrome) 6 85 Grienenberger, Père Etienne 5 82, 583 Griots 496, 497, 542, 549, 562-564 Gros, notary 45, 46 Gros Bleu/Gwo Ble 771 Gros Bon Ange/Gwo Bon Anj 625, 779 Gros Morne x, 66, 7 9 Gross 414 Gross, Christian 457 Gruening, Ernest 444, 445, 485, 549 Grummon, Stuart 470, 471 Guadeloupe 34, 67, 84, 104, 107, 535

33

Guantánamo Bay, Cuba 370, 382, 383, 389, 397, 465, 487, 551, 621, 628, 649, 665, 742, 743

Guatemala 346, 464, 500, 634, 688 Guédé/Gede 664, 686, 698, 770 # 771, 775, 780, 782, 783 Guëdé-Bon-Poussiêre-de-la-Croix/Gede Bon Pousyè Lakwa 770 Guëdê Nibo/Gede Nibo 782 Guëdê-ti-Pêté/Gede-ti-Pete 770 Guëdê-ti-Puce-nan-dlo/Gede ti Pis nan Dio Guerre des Cacos 229, 289, 790 Guerre du Môle 136, 170 Guerrier, Philippe 151, 176, 177, 179, 180, 181, 183, 187, 190,

209, 210, 790 Guilbaud, Tertullien 345, 349 Guilbauds 606 Guillaume, Vilbrun - see Sam, Vilbrun Guillaume Guillermin, Gilbert 562, 563 Guilloux, Msgr. Jean-Marie 211, 241, 245, 249, 254-256, 261 Guinea 2, 14, 26, 35, 96, 612, 622, 625, 707, 766, 768, 770, 787 Guineans 24 Guizot 202 Gulf of Gonaïves 309, 447, 598, 602, 697 Gulf of La Gonâve 64, 270, 665, 754 Gustav Keital & Co. 337 Guyon, Jeanne-Marie 2 02 Guyons (Secret Sects) 186, 202, 209 Gwo Bon Anj 779 Gwo Ble 771 Habitation Beaumont 146 Habitation Bréda 2 03 Habitation Chabaud 41 Habitation Cormiers 88 Habitation Desrivaux 53 Habitation Desrue 318 Habitation Diêgue 48 Habitation Drouillard 207, 234 Habitation Frère 111 Habitation Gallifet 44 Habitation Georges 103 Habitation La Gossette 41 Habitation Laborde 137, 16 6 Habitation Lafond 181, 182 Habitation Latour 43 Habitation Leclerc 651 Habitation (Le) Normand de Mëzy 26, 41 Habitation Portelance 70 Habitation Praslin 170 Habitation Sibert 134, 370 Habitation St. Michel 51 Hague Court 542 Hailie Selassie, Emperor 613, 652 Haiti: The Politics of Squalor [Heinls misquote title - given

correctly here] 6, 281, 628

34

Haïti Air 678 Haiti -Démocratique 534 Haiti Miroir 567 Haiti Observateur 9, 606, 631, 6 82, 734 Haiti-Santo Domingo Independence Society 445, 447 Haïti Trans Air 725 Haitian-American Meat and Provision Company - see HAMPCO Haitian-American Sugar Company - see HASCO Haitian Army (see also Fad'H) 646, 706, 708-710, 719-727, 731,

733-735, 737, 738, 740, 745, 746, 748, 751-754, 756-758, 760, 761

Haitian Centennial 791 Haitian Christian Democratic Party 667 Haitian Coast Guard (see Garde-Côtes) 35 Haitian Communist Party 496, 497, 528 Haitian Creole 5, 8, 9, 36, 122, 497, 724, 753, 756 Haitian Customs Houses 791 Haitian Embassy (Washington) 73 9 Haitian Envoys Abroad - see Casimir (Jean), Charles (Joseph D . ) ,

Delorme (Demesvar), Janvier (Louis-Joseph), Laforestrie (Etienne-Charles), Léger (Georges) , Léger (Jacques-Nicolas), Lescot (Elie), Longchamps (Fritz) , Menos (Solon), Price (Hannibal)

Haitian flag 789 Haitian Military Academy (see Frères) 111 Haitian Naval Academy 23 4 Haitian Navy (Marine Haïtienne) 22 9, 635, 790 Haitian Newspapers - see Action, Action Sociale, Annales

Capoises, Anti-Syrien, Bon Nouvel, Bon Sens, Câble, Combat, Combattant, Constitutionnel, Courrier Haïtien, Effort, Gazette de St. Domingue, Gazette du Peuple, Haïti Démocratique, Haïti Miroir, Haïti Observateur, Impartial, Indépendance, Jour, Liberté, Manifeste, Matin, Moniteur Haïtien, Nation, Nouveau Monde, Nouvelliste, Oeil, Opinion Nationale, Patrie, Patriote, Petit Impartial, Petit Samedi Soir, Phalange, Plume, Réveil, Ruche, Souverain, Télégraphe, Temps, Vérité, Vérité su Tambu

Haitian People, The 5 Haitian Pineapple Company 4 93 Haitian Red Cross 564, 719 Haitian Refugee Center 680 Haitian Subcommittee of the Alliance for Progress 633, 634 Hakim-Rimpel, Yvonne 566 Hall, Liet. 232, 233 Halsey, Admiral William F. 775 Hamilton, Alexander 81 Hamilton, George 651 HAMPCO (Haitian-American Meat and Provision Company) 60 9 Hancock, ship 3 89 Hanneken, Herman ("Hard Head") H. 435-437, 479, 480 Harding, Warren G. 442, 447, 458, 478 Hardy 98, 99, 101, 105, 115

35

Harlan County, U.S.S. 749, 794 Harlem, New York 53 6 Harrison, Benjamin 292, 295, 296, 297 Hartmann, Louis 3 05, 3 06 Harvey, William W. 173 HASCO (Haitian-American Sugar Company) 455, 483, 493, 515, 52 8,

531, 551, 578, 603, 643, 666, 672, 717 Hassal, Mary 103, 107 Hatfield, Jock 690 Hatteras 231 Haut-du-Cap 41, 56, 70, 99, 102, 103, 106, 112, 152, 375, 412 Havana, Cuba 114, 116, 160, 486, 510, 573 Hawaii 433 Hay, John 315 Haye, Abbé de la 58 Haytian Republic, S.S. 287, 288, 325 Hazard, Samuel 278 Hazel (tropical storm) 535, 536, 554, 677

Les Hazels 53 6 Hazeltine, Ross 359, 387 Hebdo Jeune Presse 662 Hébécourt, General d' 87 Hector 378 Hector, J. P. (Rebecca) 228, 236 Hédouville, Gabriel-Théodore-Joseph 74, 75, 77-79, 83, 87, 788 Heinl, Michael ix, x, 890 Heinl, Nancy Gordon ix, x, 8, 890 Heinl, Robert Debs iii, ix, 8, 459, 556, 571, 589, 592, 628, 890 Helms, Jessie 749 Hemo Caribbean 645, 647 Henin, General d' 111 Henriquez # Alphonse 519 Henry I, King (see Christophe, Henry) 13 8, 7 89 Henry V 194 Henry Hudson Hotel (New York City) 633 Hërard 378 Hërard, Marcel 534 Hérard-Dumesle 176, 177, 180 Héraux, Charles 27 6 Hêraux, Dr. Edmond 323, 324, 386, 420-422, 427 Héraux, Georges 511 Hercules 84 Herne, Moreau Coco 122, 131 Herod, King 622 Héros, ship 103 Heureaux, Ulises 289, 293, 302, 325, 326 Heureuse, Marie-Claire 124, 139, 534 Heureuse Réunion (Cayes Masonic lodge) 137 Heureuse Réunion, frigate 13 8 Heurtelou, Daniel 523 Hibbert, Joseph 23 6 Hibbert, Lucien 493, 521, 528

36

Higginson, Stephen 81 Hilaire, Hannibal 370 Hilaire, Père Jean 584, 617 Hinche 182, 201, 227, 249, 329, 342, 343, 356, 357, 361, 374,

431-433, 440, 442, 451, 453, 463, 481, 502, 512, 548, 566, 581, 639

Hinduism 77 6 Ritual 776 Vedas 776

Histoire Diplomatique d'Haïti 193 Hitler, Adolf 500, 571, 572, 626 Hitler's Reich 494 Holland (see also Dutch) 551, 579 Hollister, Gideon H. 228, 230, 236, 294 Holly, Bishop James Theodore 207, 234, 241, 255, 275, 279, 633 Holly, Pierre 581 Holy Spirit 778 Holy Trinity Episcopal Cathedral 524-527 Honduras 335, 346, 549 Honorât, Jean-Jacques 740, 742, 745 Honorât, Lionel 596 Hooker, Colonel R. S. 439-441, 445, 480, 481 Hoover, Herbert 465, 467, 468, 485, 487 Hope, Sir James 235 Hôpital Albert Schweitzer (HAS) 533 Hôpital General (General Hospital) 515, 543, 576, 659, 663, 682 Hornbeck 68 Hornet, S.S. 242, 243 Horoscope 631, 632 Hôtel de France (Port-au-Prince) 2 66 Hôtel El Rancho (Pétion-Ville) 552, 704 Hôtel Ibo Lele (Pétion-Ville) 552 Hôtel Montana (Pétion-Ville) 754 Hôtel Oloffson (Port-au-Prince) 452, 533-534, 613, 651, 719 Hôtel Roi Christophe (Cap Haitian) x, 7 57 Houmfort/ounfô 507, 511, 523, 524, 526, 707, 767, 770, 771, 773-

776, 781, 787 Houngan/oungan 187, 196, 225, 524, 526, 562, 576, 604, 624-627 #

631, 664, 698, 707, 767, 769, 770, 773-776, 779-784, 787 Houngenikonn/oungenikonn 775, 779 Hounsi/ounsi 773-776, 779-783 House Appropriations Committee 751 House Ethics Committee 6 65 Houston, U.S.S. 473, 487 Hudicourt, Max 496, 506, 515-517 Hudicourt, Pierre 444, 466, 467, 492, 516, 549 Hughes, Charles Evans 447, 448 Hughes, Langston 496 Hugo, Victor 201, 235, 523 Hugonin, Juste 133 Huguenots (see also Calvinists) 17 Human Rights League 666, 667, 709

37

Humbert 98, 99 Hungary 50 8 Hunt, H. T. C. 281 Hurbon, Laënnec 7 50 Hurricanes 32, 169, 247, 535, 536, 554, 604, 606, 611, 656, 669,

677, 678, 759, 763 Hurricane Allen 677, 678 Hurricane Cleo 606, 611 Hurricane Flora 604, 611, 656 Hurricane Gordon 759, 7 63 Hurricane Hazel 53 5, 53 6, 554, 677 Hurricane Inez 611

Huse, Harry 296 Huxley, Aldous 779 Huxley, Francis 7 66 Hyacinthe 52, 53, 62, 198 Hyppolite, Brother 469, 541, 544 Hyppolite, Dominique 1 Hyppolite, Hector 524

Jci la Renaissance 524 Hyppolite, Louis Mondestin Florvil 154, 249, 284, 286-303, 326,

327, 329, 388, 415, 419, 565, 597, 790 Députés militaires 302 'Protestant' army 287, 288

Hyppolite, Lozama 297 lams 414 Iberia 2, 13 Ibo 769 Ibo, Jean-Pierre 225 Ibo Lele (hotel) 552 Ici la Renaissance 524 Idlinger 76, 87 Ile-a-Vache 17, 23, 155, 195 Ile-à-Vache, comte de/Voltaire Castor 195 Ile-de-France 104 Ile-de-Vert, Mme 775 Ilet du Prince (Fort Ilet) 30, 171, 232 Imbert, José-Maria 170, 175, 176, 178 IMF - see International Monetary Fund Impartial, L' 330, 341 Imprimerie Natal 748 Inagua 221, 281 Inagua, Mathewton 263, 2 64 Incas 776 Indefatigable, H.M.S. 319 Indépendance, L' 567 Inez (tropical storm) 611 Inginac, Balthasar 123, 126, 135, 153, 154, 162, 164-166, 168,

170, 171, 175, 176, 184, 185, 210 INS (Immigration and Naturalization Service) detention camp

(Krome) 680, 682 Inter-American Affairs 551

38

Inter-American Commission on Haitian Rights 617 Inter-American conference on Freedom of the press 662 Inter-American Development Bank 608, 609, 645, 646 Inter-American Geodetic Survey 533 Inter-American Institute of Cooperative Agriculture 681 International Airport xi, 348, 627, 708, 712, 753, 756, 758, 760 International Casino 565 International Children's Emergency Fund 552 International Commission of Jurists 614, 615 International Exposition of 1949-1950 522 International Monetary Fund (IMF) 522, 677, 713, 716, 7 60 International Postal Union 258 International Red Cross 535, 598 Interpol 67 8 Iran 676 Ireland 7 64 Irish 63 Iron Market (Marché de Fer, Marché Vallière) 3 01, 3 84, 52 9, 53 8,

539 Iroquois Reef 297 Irving Trust 717 Isaac 2 6 Isabella, Queen 13 Isabella II 212 Iscariot, Judas 525 Isham, Heywood 660 Islam 766 Israel 552, 684, 718 Italy 628, 684, 792 Italian government 565 Italians 324, 508 Ives, Kim 740 Ivory Coast/Côte d'Ivoire 787 Izmëry, Antoine 730, 735, 744, 748 Izméry, Georges 744, 748 J.G. White Engineering company 504 Jablonowski, General 116 Jablonowski's Polish Legion 123 Jackson, Jesse 682 Jackson, Stonewall 66 Jacmel 23, 28, 29, 39, 49, 50, 52, 64, 67, 76, 78, 82, 85, 93,

101, 111, 149, 178, 207, 217, 228, 232, 236, 247, 250, 256, 259, 260, 262, 264-266, 270, 280, 286-288, 290, 301, 302, 306, 309, 314, 317, 318, 325, 326, 334, 346, 347, 350, 352, 354, 370, 407, 451, 463, 464, 471, 493, 508, 513, 515, 538, 541, 543, 561, 588, 596, 605, 611, 646, 668, 677, 698, 703, 759, 763 Le Cri de Jacmel 588 Jacmel's Masonic lodge 265

Jacmeliens 270, 290, 301 Jacobin 2, 608

39

Jacques, Gracia ("Gros Gra") 570, 581, 603, 604, 627, 629, 638, 657, 706

Jacques, Maxime 314 Jacques I, Emperor (see Dessalines, Jean-Jacques) 126, 789 Jacquëzy 51 Jagger, Mick 719 Jahn, J. 774 Jamaica (see also Kingston) 15, 17, 22, 35, 36, 54, 61, 63, 74,

75, 77, 93, 129, 138, 148, 149, 161, 171, 173, 180, 200, 205, 208, 223, 235, 244, 248, 249, 251, 252, 263, 270, 281, 307, 320, 322, 375, 450, 476, 533, 535, 536, 553, 554, 629, 700, 789

Jamaica Packet, R.M.S. 218 Jamaican 629 James, Cromwell 629 James, Cyril Lionel Robert 2 8 James, E. O. 776 Jan, Msgr. Jean-Marie 611 Janvier, Dr. Louis-Joseph 317 Janvier, Solomon 43 8 Japan 434, 508-510, 550, 792 Japanese government 724 Jason, H.M.S. 230, 382, 399-401 Jean, Alfred 267, 268, 272 Jean, Thomas 132 Jeannot 41, 44, 45, 5 8 Jean-Claude (general de place) 152 Jean-Claude/duc des Cayes (piguet chief) 195 Jean-Claudisme 659, 668, 690 Jean-Claudists 658, 666 Jean-Claudist memorabilia 658 Jean-Gilles, Turenne 2 89 Jean-Jumeau 288, 290, 302, 308, 309, 317, 318, 334 Jean-Juste, Gerard 6 80 Jeannis, Merisier 265, 266, 286, 288, 302, 306, 317, 318, 328,

330, 334 Jean-Paul II, pope 686, 688, 725 Jean-Rabel 12, 64, 67, 80, 142, 548, 719, 793 Jean-Rabel massacre 719, 726, 754 Jeanty, Aurelien 663 Jeanty, Occide 312, 333, 463 Jefferson, Thomas 93, 95, 115, 148 Jeneral Klèmèy 770 Jeneral Laplas 774 Jeneral Moun Nan Twou 772, 773 Jennings, Peter 754 Jérémie 29, 30, 32, 33, 50, 61, 63, 68, 74, 76, 111, 122-124,

145-147, 171, 176, 179, 191, 207, 216, 221, 230, 236, 246, 252, 256, 259, 265, 266, 270, 275, 283, 306, 314, 330, 342, 344, 347, 350, 354, 407, 451, 508, 514, 535, 543, 544, 548, 575, 605, 606, 682, 684, 697, 718, 719, 730, 735, 743, 792 Jérémie Vespers (massacre) 792

40

Jêrémie, Cadet 431 Jérémie, Joseph 308, 323, 324, 336, 343 Jérëmiens 606 Jesuits 36, 610 Jesus Christ 787 Jeune Haïti 559, 605, 606, 792 Jeune Presse 663, 664 Jimanx 522, 528, 598 Jimenez, Manuel 193 Joachim, Noël 152, 153 John-Paul II, pope 686, 688, 725 Johnson, James Weldon 442, 445, 447, 458 Johnson, Lyndon 608, 609, 633 Johnston, Sir Harry H. 349 Jolibois fils, Joseph 444, 445, 456, 471, 481, 486, 496 Jolicoeur, Aubelin 651, 692, 713 Joly, Ulrick 62 9 Jonassaint, Emile 752, 753, 755 Jones, William 6 60, 666 Joseph, Dr. Aurèle A. 563 Joseph, Frère 186, 196, 197 Joseph, Jasmin 525, 526 Joseph, Raymond Alcide 617, 618 Joseph, Ulrick 612 Josephette 414 Jour, Le 545 Jourdan, Réginal 606 Judaism 7 66 Judas Iscariot 525 Juliana, Queen 551 Julmé, Jean 617 Jumeau - see Jean-Jumeau Jumelle, Charles 566, 567, 572 Jumelle, Clément 538, 539, 541-543, 547, 548, 554, 566, 567,

572, 573, 627, 628, 748 Jumelle, Ducasse 566, 567, 572 Junta of 1991-1994 739-745, 748-752, 754, 755, 761, 793, 794 Jupiter, ship 56 Jura 110 Jusserand, Jules 336, 3 96 Justin, Joseph 335, 372, 388, 408, 460, 461 Kaiser Wilhelm II 310 JCarlruhe, S.M. S. 388 Karthala, Editions ix Katje 774 Kay mistè 775, 782, 783 Kearsarge, U.S.S. 292, 296 Kebinda 2 8 Kébreau, Antonio 542, 546-548, 554, 564-567, 570, 628 Kellet 208 Kelly, Michael 755, 756

41

Kennedy, John F. 588, 590-593, 602, 608, 609, 629, 631, 633, 641, 656 Alliance For Progress 588, 590

Kennedy, Joseph P. 752 Kennedy, Paul 566 Kennedy, Teddy 633 Kenscoff 632 JCerguelen, cruiser 291, 292 Kerverseau, General 72, 73, 98, 115 Khrushchev, Nikita S. 592 Kihss, Peter 548 Killick, Hammerton 291, 307-310, 328, 329, 332 King Herod 622 King, Martin Luther Jr. 759 King, Rufus 96 King, William 368, 481 Kingston, Jamaica (see also Jamaica) 175, 180, 185, 201, 235,

247, 254, 258, 264, 265, 277, 279, 281, 283, 230, 330, 344, 358, 432, 498, 541 Refugees 260

Kinshasa 612 Kipling, Rudyard 458 Ki ta-démembre 785 Klein and Saks (consulting firm) 5 87 Kleren 775, 779 KLM (airline) 600 Knox, Clinton 622, 641, 642, 644, 648, 660 Knox, Philander C. 335, 340, 346, 347, 387 Kochon gri 7 85 Kohan, R.M. 360, 361, 378-381, 384, 404 KONAKOM 716, 718, 736, 763 Kongo 24, 612, 769, 772, 787 Konnesans 774, 7 85 Korean War 534 Kouzen Azaka 771, 778, 781 Krich 775 Krome detention center (Florida) 680, 682 Kubic, Milan 614 Kuomintang Chinese Nationalist 729 Kuwait City 756 Kwi 773 Kyona Beach 567 La Boule 531, 552, 573, 629 La Coupe (today Pëtion-Ville) 233, 249 La Couronne, Brasserie 491 La Couronne, inn 13 9 La Fayette, marquis de 38 La Ferrière, Citadel 118, 128, 136, 140, 142, 151, 153-155, 535,

675 La Flore, frigate 161, 162 La Fossette (Cap Haitian) 79, 124, 274, 359, 619

42

La Gonâve 133, 139, 171, 295, 299, 384, 425, 457, 548, 566, 578, 624 White King of La Gonâve 457

La Gonâve channel 632 La Hotte 145 La Néréide, frigate 164 La Normandie 55 La Patrie, steamer 269, 270 La Retraite 365, 366 La Rochefoucauld-Liancourt 3 8 La Saline 233, 261, 267, 505, 518, 546, 547, 565, 782 La Selve, Edgar 9 La Sirêne/Lasirèn 778, 787 La Tannerie 253 La Tortue 11, 12, 15-19, 35, 36, 63, 72, 103, 108, 113, 139,

272, 273, 520, 555, 655, 672, 682 La Voisin 785 Labat, Père 17, 24 Laboulaye 3 96 Lachaise, Père 173 Lachenais, Choute 130, 140, 145, 171, 173 Lacombe 3 58 Lacour 90 Lafanmi Selavi (Aristide orphanage) 7 63 Lafond 3 02, 317 Lafond, Holophernes 23 6 Lafontant 277, 374 Lafontant, C. 314 Lafontant, Roger 684, 686, 688, 689, 691, 693, 694, 698, 711,

724, 726, 727, 732-735, 737, 738, 793 Coup 733-735, 737

Lafontant-Bazin contest 732 Laforest, Boileau 264, 270 Laforest, Hérard 276, 277 Laforestrie, Etienne-Charles 283, 295 Laforestrie, Léon 258, 261, 271 Laforests 606 Lafortune 105 Lagarde, Jean-Baptiste 146 Lagon des Huîtres 604 Lahens, Charles 564 Lake, Anthony 7 52, 7 63 Lake Miragoâne 83 Lake Success 590 Laleau, Léon 504 Laleau, Thrasybule 315 Lalue 53 9

Supermarket 734 Lamarre, General 131, 134, 136, 170, 188 Lamartine, Alphonse de 116, 235, 523 Lamartinière 99, 102 Lamaute, Alix 619, 629

43

Lambert (Paul Dhormoys) 2 02, 203 Lambi 105, 115, 131, 267, 599, 608, 633, 770 Lamentin 66 Langston, John Mercer 252-254, 260, 261, 265, 267, 270, 272, 325 Lansing, Robert 362, 373, 382, 385, 388, 395, 396, 406, 407,

411, 429, 477 Laplace/Laplas 774, 775, 782 Laplume 79, 82, 88, 100, 108 Laraque, Alain 540, 544 Laraque, Capt. 319 Laraque, Franck 554 Laraque, Gustave 452 Laraque, Paul 523, 554 Laraque, Yvan 558, 606, 607 Lares Compitales 770 Laroche, Beaufossê 352 Laroche, General 3 99 Laroche, Jacques 563 Laroche, John 346 Lartigue, Elie 176 LaRue 472 Las Casas, Bartolomé de 13 Las Casas, comte de 164 Las Matas 193 Lascahobas 61, 111, 159, 178, 182, 201, 344, 430, 433, 434, 438-

440, 480, 548 Lasirên 778, 787 Latin America 686 Latortue, François 710, 715, 717, 727, 731 Latour plantation 43 Laurent, Mentor 132, 153 Lávalas 731-733, 735-737, 740, 745, 748, 761-763 Lavalassiens 745, 746 Lavallette 112 Lavaud, Franck 452, 512, 514, 518, 520, 529-531, 533 Laveaux, Etienne Maynard 52, 54, 56, 63-73, 78, 80, 788 Lazarre 171, 176, 182 Le Borgne 20, 64, 231, 283 Le Cri de Jacmel 588 Le Gouaze, Msgr. Joseph 489, 553 Le Havre 290, 337, 644 Le Normand de Mézy (plantation) 41 Le Tricinquantenaire 534 Le Trou - see Trou du Nord League of Augsburg 21 Lear, Tobias 148 Leather-Worker's Union/Syndicat de 1'Industrie du Cuir 515 Lebanese (see also Syrians) 311 Leblanc 71 Leclerc, Pauline 97, 103, 107, 116, 651 Leclerc, Victor-Emmanuel 94, 96-108, 110, 114-116, 121, 137,

142, 148, 161, 162, 184, 253, 788, 789

44

Leconte, Cincinnatus 307, 317, 318, 322, 328, 329, 338, 341, 342, 344-350, 352-354, 387, 388, 549, 551, 572, 791

Leconte, Cinna 239, 240 Lecontists 348, 357, 358 Lecun, Guillaume (apostolic prefect) 129, 184-186, 583 Lee, Atherton 573 Leech, Stephen 355-357 Leeward Islands 15 Lefranc de Saint-Haulde 3 6 Legba 531, 766, 770, 771, 775, 787 Léger, A.-N. 444 Léger, Colonel 132, 193 Léger, Jacques-Nicolas 7, 51, 252, 311, 316, 348, 349, 357, 358,

373, 399, 401, 416, 420, 426, 478, 655, 777 Léger, maître Georges 387, 420, 444, 466, 475, 476, 494, 679,

684 Légion d'Egalité 53, 76, 145 Légitime, François-Denis 227, 229, 231, 271, 275, 277, 283-295,

298, 325-327, 399, 401, 402, 420, 427, 553, 790 Legros, Aimé 215, 23 9 Legros, Jules 240 Legros, Léon 215, 239 Legros, Mathurin 270 Lejeune, John A. 441, 459

Lejeune-Butler Report 441 Lemieux, M. J. 610 Lemonnier-Delafosse 111, 114 Lenin, Nikolai 96, 562, 609 Léogâne 17, 20, 22, 29, 30, 46, 49, 50, 52, 54, 55, 58, 64, 67,

78, 79, 84, 131, 134, 171, 182, 279, 311, 321, 322, 337, 431, 513, 539, 543, 553, 584, 643, 668, 698, 707, 772 Bight of Léogâne 82, 137 Council of Léogâne 27 L'Acul de Léogâne 64 Plaine de Léogâne 31, 22 8 Portail Léogâne 302, 384

Léon, René 603, 621 Léopard, frigate 47 Léopards 642, 645, 657, 682, 695, 697, 712, 719, 727, 728 Lepelletier de Saint-Rémy 167, 169, 176 Lerouge, Alexandre 667, 688, 690 Les Cayes - see Cayes, Les Les Hazels 53 6 Les Irois 76, 105, 575, 603 Les To 12 s s a i n t s 4 142 Lescot, Elie 394, 475, 491, 505-516, 522, 528, 530, 533, 549,

550-552, 554, 583, 586, 629, 781, 792 Lescot, Mme 510 Lescot-Trujillo correspondence 512, 550 Lespasse, Mme 454 Lespinasse 173 Lespinasse, Dumai 178

45

Lespinasse, Edmond 349 Lesseps, de 273, 295 Lesser Antilles 777 L'Estêre 652 Leuba, James H. 77 8 Levasseur, General 183 Léveillé, officer 72, 115 Levelt, Antoine 514, 518, 520, 529, 530, 534, 536, 539, 540, 552 Levêque, Gabriel 525 Levieux, Turenne 2 60, 261 Leyburn, James G. 5, 145, 166, 167, 202, 458, 475

The Haitian People 5 Lhérisson, Justin 312, 313 Liane 131, 141, 154 Liataud, Georges 525 Liautaud, Pierre 515 Libations 7 82 Liberation Theology 68 6 Liberia 213, 252, 279, 533, 772, 787 Liberté, La 289 Liberte, steam sloop 229, 386 Lie, Trygve 521 Ligondé 611, 688, 697 Ligue de la Jeunesse Patriote Haïtienne 461, 462 Ligue Nationale d'Action Constitutionnelle 463, 466 Lillington, Luke 22 Lily, H.M.S. 219 Limbe 26, 29, 41, 42, 58, 64, 66, 91, 105, 140, 142, 309, 548,

763 Limbe, prince de - see Romain, Paul Limonade 151, 253, 374, 375, 493 Limonade, comte de/Julien Prévost 92, 14 0 Limonade Bord-de-Mer 13, 21, 43, 44, 91, 92, 235 Limonade Pass 12 Lincoln, Abraham 213, 235 Lincoln, Major-General Benjamin 35 Lindsay, Sir Ronald 485 Liot 160, 161 Lippmann, Walter 445 Liston, Robert 81 Lite, Jeffrey 723 Little, Colonel 438, 443, 472, 473, 486, 487 Livingston, Edward 95, 9 6 Livingston, Henry 349, 357-361, 367, 368, 374, 376, 388, 399,

411 Loa/Lwa 41, 186, 208, 327, 457, 524, 526, 562, 563, 625, 626,

681, 766-775, 777-784, 786, 787 Loa Criminelle/Lwa Kriminèl 772 Loa Maite-Tête/Lwa Met Têt 781, 783 Loa Pays/Lwa Peyi 771 Logan, Rayford W. 147, 220, 298, 299, 326, 460, 484, 519 Long, Edward T. 633

46

Longchamps, Fritz 73 9, 746 Longuefosse # Ogë 216 Lord's Prayer 60 8 Lorient 97 Loring, John 113 Lorquet, General 224, 233, 240, 246-248 Lorre, Peter 748 Lougawou 785, 786 Loughlin, Dr. Elmer 564, 63 0 Louis XIII 24 Louis XIV 17, 21, 24, 36, 55, 565 Louis XV 34, 184 Louis XVI 37, 38, 52, 54 Louis XVIII 160, 162 Louis-Philippe, duc d'Orléans 164, 165, 171 Louisiana 770 Louisiana Purchase 95, 96, 106, 115 Loups-garous/Lougawou 7 85, 786 Louverture, Isaac 73, 97, 100 Louverture, Mme 103 Louverture, Paul 86, 88, 100, 102, 116 Louverture, Placide 73, 97, 100 Louverture, Toussaint 28, 41, 43, 60-62, 64-93, 95-105, 109-111,

114-116, 119, 121, 125, 127-130, 135, 137, 140, 142-145, 152, 161, 166, 167, 169, 182, 184, 187, 192, 200, 203, 207, 213, 260, 275, 314, 318, 503, 505, 526, 531, 534, 536, 546, 563, 599, 607, 608, 622, 627, 632, 788, 789 Statue 489 Toussaint Louverture, gunboat 275, 307, 308

Lower Artibonite 412 Lubin, Vil 252 Luce, Admiral 325 Lüders, Emile 3 04, 305, 327 Ludlow, J. M. 2 03 Lwa 41, 186, 208, 327, 457, 524, 526, 562, 563, 625, 626, 681,

766-775, 777-784, 786, 787 Lwa Kriminèl 772 Lwa Met Tèt 781, 783 Lwa Peyi 771 Lyautey 23 Lycée National 170 Lycée Pétion 144, 181, 191, 258, 319, 518, 538, 561, 562, 603 Lycée Toussaint Louverture 53 8 Lycées 181, 207, 484, 513, 524, 538 Lynch, John 242 Lyons, France 716 Lys, Mathurin 2 63 Ma Douce Clairemène 568 Macandal, François 26, 27, 36, 41, 112, 453, 480, 788 Macaya 56, 62, 115, 145 Machias, U.S.S. 365, 366 Machiavelli, Niccolo 96, 274, 278, 562, 563, 576, 717

47

The Prince 5 62 Macintosh, Duncan 124, 153 Mackau, Baron 162 Mackenzie, Charles F. R. S. 166, 173 Macoutes - see Tonton Macoutes Macumba 767 Madagascar 115, 234 Madiou, Thomas 7, 24, 44, 91, 92, 116, 122, 153, 154, 186, 195,

202, 234, 244, 275 Madrid, Spain 62, 3 01 Magloire, Antoine 279 Magloire, Arsène 535 Magloire, Felix 312 Magloire, Jacques 535 Magloire, Jean 574 Magloire, Mme Clément 487, 534-537, 540, 541, 554 Magloire, Paul E. 488, 489, 514, 517, 518, 520, 528-542, 548,

552-554, 565, 572, 580, 583, 586, 618, 638, 641, 642, 695, 704, 712, 716, 792

Magloire, Rigaud 612 Magloirist 541, 542, 567 Magnus, Albertus 7 85

La Poule Noire 785 Le Grand Albert 785 Le Petit Albert 785

Magnus, Louise (Mme Louise Salomon) 257, 2 66, 2 68, 272, 27 6, 277 Magowan, John 461, 463, 465, 469-472, 485, 486, 629 Mahan, Alfred Thayer 272 Mahotières 567 Maïs Gâté (see also International Airport) 627, 708 Maison Bellegarde 600 Maison Militaire 572 Maïssade 361, 432, 440, 442, 481 Maite-Tête/Mèt Tèt 625 Maïte Carrefours/Mêt Kafou 770 Maitland, Thomas 74-78, 80, 81, 93 Maître, Eloïs 595, 603, 711 Maître Cimitière/Kèt Simityè 208, 389, 457 Maîtresse Erzulie/Metrès Ezili 767, 770, 773, 775, 780 Malaria 105, 114, 144, 451, 521, 533, 535, 591 Malary, Guy 750, 758 Mali 7 87 Mallebranche, Ernst 760 Malo, Charles 126 Malouet 161 Malpasse 522, 574, 744 Malval, Robert 748, 750, 751, 753, 759, 794 Maman Pimba 179 Mambo/Manbo 187, 196, 197, 209, 310, 330, 341, 350, 454, 576,

664, 698, 767, 769, 770, 774, 775, 780-783 Mamelles, Les 146 Manchester Guardian 446

48

Mandingues 2 09 Mange-loa/Manje lwa 777 Mange-sec/Manje sèk 777, 7 81 Mangones, Albert 52 6, 651 Manifest Destiny 241, 433 Manifeste, Le 170, 178 Manigat, François 258, 263, 266, 270, 275, 280, 303 Manigat, Guillaume 263, 266, 270 Manigat, Leslie 338-340, 541, 713, 716, 721, 723-726, 762, 793 Manischewitz 775 Man je lwa 777 Manje sèk 777, 781 Manneville-Blanfort, Mme Cora 208 Manoir des Lauriers 514, 551, 554 Manuel (Dessalines' dancing master) 153 Manuel d'Histoire d'Haïti 496 Manzanillo Bay 326, 498 Mao Tse-tung 562, 609 Mapou Dampuce 171 Mapou tree 787 Marasa/Marassa 769, 771, 772 Maratanza (U.S. naval vessel) 230, 231, 236 Marathon Island 567 Marbial Valley 563 Marc, Father 3 6 Marcadieux, Charlotin 132-134 Marcelin, Frederic 187, 201, 202, 208, 215, 217, 220, 225, 226,

234, 267, 283, 301, 302, 311, 313, 314, 317, 318, 320, 321, 327, 329, 330, 478, 520

Marchand (see Dessalines, town) 123, 126, 131, 149, 176, 181, 318, 578

Marché de Fer (Iron Market, Marché Vallière) 301, 384, 529, 538, 539

Marché Salomon 721 Marché Vallière (Marché de Fer, Iron Market) 301, 384, 529, 538,

539 Mare Nostrum 33 5 Mardi Gras 648, 700 Maribaroux 548 Marie-Jeanne 102 Marigot 260, 515, 548 Marin, Janot 2 6 Marine Expeditionary Brigade 598, 632 Marine Haïtienne (see Haitian Navy) 229, 635, 79 0 Marine tte-Bois-S èch/Mar inè t - Bwa - Chèch 772, 785 Maritain, Jacques 551 Markomannia, S.S. 3 09 Marmelade 58, 64-66, 91, 92, 161, 262, 289, 309 Marmelade, duc de (Jean-Pierre Richard) 92, 151-153, 157 Marrec, Père Joseph 582 Marronage 14, 27-29, 50, 87, 145, 604, 612 Mars, Louis 583, 779

49

Marseilles 185, 203, 610 Martellière 71 Martin, John Bartlow 596, 600, 602 Martineau, Harriet 116 Martinique 15, 17, 34, 104, 198 Martissant 192, 384, 398, 539, 543, 603, 712 Martissant bomb factory 543, 602 Martyr, Peter 12 Marx, Karl 6 09 Marxism 496, 552 Mary, Ravine 2 00 Mary N. Hogan, filibusterer 281 Masère 435, 436 Masferrer, Rolando "El Tigre" 618 Massacre of 1937 498-501, 550, 792 Massacre River 498, 499 Massiac, marquis de 38 Massif du Sud 575 Masters of the Dew/Gouverneurs de la Rosée 523 Matas, Las 193 Matheux Mountains 105 Ma thon 3 01 Mathurin 2 64 Matin, Le 544, 545, 567, 606, 633 Mauduit, Chevalier 47 Maumus, A. J. 417 'Maunder claim' (La Tortue) 273 Maurepas, Jacques 65, 80, 88, 91, 92, 96, 99, 1 0 8 Maurois, André 551 Mauviel 100 Maximilien, Augustin ("Similen") 189-192, 202 Maximilien, Louis 771 Mayans 77 6 Mayard, Constanin 494 Mayer, Ferdinand L. 422, 501, 503-505, 518 Mayo, Henry T. 442 Mayo Inquiry 442 McClellan, Andrew 627 McCormick 446, 447 McCormick Committee 459, 484 McDonald, James P. 340, 341, 386 McGrory, Mary 74 8 Mcllhenny, John A. 428, 429, 460, 483 Mead, J. J. 435-437 Mecerou 131 Medina, Franco de 161, 162, 173 Meehan, John G. 314 Melbourne, steam transport 2 00, 2 01 Melhorn, Kent C. 452, 553 Mella, Ramon 2 02 Mellon, Dr. William Latimer 533 Mellon, Mrs. William Latimer (Gwen Grant) 533

50

Melpomene, H.M.S. 344 Mencken, H. L• 445 Menelik, Emperor II Menos, Mme 42 8 Menos, Solon 366, 401, 428, 477, 479 Mentor, General 133, 23 0 Mercenille Bay 22 Merceron, Capt. 502, 503 Merceron, Frantz 689, 693, 694, 697 Merceron, Pierre 571, 581, 594, 595, 697 Meridional State 230, 236 Merisier - see Jeannis Merrell, George R. 483 Met Kafou 770 Met Simityê 208, 389, 457 Met Têt 625 Metellus 3 67 Methodist Collège Bird 597 Métraux, Alfred 551, 774 Metres Ezili 767, 770, 773, 775, 780 Mevs, Fritz 748, 754 Mexican Communist Party 5 49, 618 Mexican embassy 567, 659, 665 Mexico 64, 150, 165, 371, 384, 567, 618, 678 Mexico City, Mexico 512, 549 Meyer (French envoy) 30 5 Meyer, Guy 662 Miami, Florida 451, 522, 546, 551, 554, 567, 568, 583 # 620, 631,

644, 647, 660, 676-680, 682, 686, 688, 699, 720, 724, 725, 730

Miami Herald 577, 663 Michel 2 6-28 Michel, Antoine 279 Michel, Gallumette 221, 239, 240 Michel, Georges 386, 483, 703

Les Chemins de Fer de l'Ile d'Haïti 483, 703 Michel, Pierre 70, 72, 80, 83 Michel, Smarck 759, 762, 794 Middle Ages 778, 785 Middle Passage 25, 768 Milice 29, 33, 34 Milice Civile 580-582, 584, 589, 592, 595, 602-604, 606, 6 6 7 ,

676, 693-695 Miliciens (see also Tonton Macoutes) 581, 582, 604-606, 613 ,

619-621, 625, 626, 682, 691, 699, 700, 705, 764 Mills 57 Millspaugh, Dr. Arthur Chester 418, 450 Milot 140, 142, 151-153, 253, 493 Milscent 170 Mina, Don Francisco Xavier 150 Minerve, frigate 273 Ministry of Labor 52 8

51

Mirabeau, comte de 3 8 Miragoâne 79, 137, 138, 179, 180, 231, 234, 253, 262, 264-267,

269, 270, 280, 281, 309, 321, 407, 455, 464, 513, 532, 605, 606, 669, 790, 793

Miranda, Francisco de 149 Mirbeck, Frédéric-Ignace de 50, 51 Mirebalais 29, 48, 64, 69, 86, 108, 143, 185, 203, 221, 356,

430, 432-434, 437, 438, 440, 548, 605, 666 Missiessy, comte de 128, 154 Missionaries 781, 787

Catholic 787 Protestant 787

Miste 772, 775, 779, 787 Mitterand, François 681, 735 Mizaël Codio 369, 415, 570 Mobutu's army 612 Mogadishu, Somalia 749 Môle St. Nicolas 11, 15, 28, 51, 63, 64, 68, 74-77, 79, 106,

112-114, 136, 137, 142, 188, 197, 202, 220, 231, 236, 258, 272, 292-299, 326-328, 354, 358, 362, 371-373, 387, 405, 509, 510, 536, 546, 548, 551, 570, 619, 788, 789

Molina 302 Molinari 3 00 Molly C, fishing boat 567-569, 621 Moltke 568 Momance River 3 01 Momplaisir, Maxi 314, 369 Monaco 671 Monbin Crochu 227, 3 54, 548 Monbrun, Mondésir 761 Monceibo 90 Monde, Le 658 Mondongue 769, 772, 777 Moniteur Haïtien, Le 195, 233, 235, 236, 258, 322, 329, 529, 654 Monpoint-jeune 253, 274, 290, 292 Monroe, James 93 Monroe Doctrine 212, 241, 274, 304, 313, 322, 327, 335, 339, 362 Mont-Organisé 227, 242, 343, 603 Mont-Organisé, warship 231, 232, 245, 279 Montagne Noire 101, 414, 440 Montague, Ludwell Lee 241, 295, 304, 313, 326, 406, 408 Montana, armored cruiser 369 Montana Hotel 754 Montas, Léon 219, 221, 222, 225, 226, 235 Montbrun 6 6 Monte Carlo 327 Montecristi 35, 98, 220, 224, 310, 358, 499 Montespan, marquise de 785 Montesquieu 119, 637 Montezuma 126 Month of Gratitude 597, 598, 602 Montreal, Canada 510, 551, 612, 693, 694, 699

52

Montreal, S. S. 342, 386 Montrouis 132, 200, 288, 567, 761 MOP (Mouvement Ouvriers Paysans) 515, 518, 528, 533, 542 Moravia, Charles 265, 312, 395-397, 474 Moreau, Yvon Emmanuel 574, 575, 630 Moreau de Saint-Mêry, Mêdêric-Louis-Elie 5, 24, 27, 30, 32, 36,

47, 768, 777 Moreno, Don Joaquin García y 62 Morgan, Henry 533 Morice, Msgr. Jean-Marie Alexandre 300, 33 0 Morillas 90 Morisset, General 217 Morne-à-Cabrit 43 0, 440 Morne-à-Tuf 133, 134, 189, 240, 344 Morne Bourougue 43 8, 480 Morne Cëlestin 480 Morne des Commissaires 317 Morne Dulonay 480 Morne La Selle 4, 23, 125, 511, 604, 677 Morne l'Hôpital 29, 111, 171, 299, 489, 619, 705, 712 Morne Michel 480 Morne Pompée 480 Morne Rouge 41 Morne St. Eloi 270 Morne 'Ti Bois Pin' 43 9 Morocco 340 Morrison, Herbert (Jerome Breitman) 564, 594 Moscow 155, 496, 618, 681, 718 Mosges, Admiral 202 Mossell, Mrs. 268 Mossell, C. W. 268 Mother Teresa 682 Moulin Rouge 325 Mouvement de Rénovation Nationale (MRN) 578, 579, 591, 615, 643 Mouvement Ouvriers Paysans (MOP) 515, 518, 528, 533, 542 Moyse 65, 72, 79, 83, 86, 88, 89, 91, 92 M.R.E.'s (Morally Repugnant Elite) 750, 754 Muñoz 90 Munro, Dana 362, 371-373, 389, 447, 456, 459, 471-473, 483, 486,

487, 555 Murchisons 609 Murray, Alexander 777 Musiciens du Palais National 333, 351, 517, 708, 722, 761 Musseau 567 Muth, Lawrence 43 8, 43 9, 480 Myre-Mory, de la 311 Mystères/Mistê 772, 775, 779, 787 NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored

People) 442, 444, 445, 446, 478 Nadal beach 567, 568 Nadal, Robert 567, 568 Nai'ade, flagship 298

53

Namphy, Henri 682, 695, 696, 698, 701, 706, 708, 711, 713-715, 717, 718, 720, 721, 723, 725-727, 793

Nan Mapou 535 Napoleon - see Bonaparte Narcisse, Daniel 720 Nasar, Dodo (bocor) 592, 604 Nashville, U.S.S. 352, 357, 399 Nassau (see also Bahamas) 612 Nasser, Gamal Abdel 562 nation, La 444-446, 465, 475, 485, 515, 533, 536, 666 National Archives (Washington) 8 National Bank of Haiti 271, 339, 340, 348, 353 National City Bank 324, 339-341, 350, 371, 385, 386, 454, 490-

492, 549 Speyer initiative 339

National Congress of Haitian Democratic Movements 716 National Lycée 170 National Medical School 452 National Palace (see also Palais National) ix, xi, 7, 8, 121,

214, 232, 234, 240, 242, 244, 245, 248, 254, 255, 259, 261, 266, 268, 269, 271, 277, 285, 291, 297, 302, 304, 315, 324, 332, 340, 347, 348, 353, 355, 357, 360, 369, 370, 377, 386, 387, 410, 415, 417, 425, 428, 430, 453, 470, 489, 490, 492, 493, 502, 513, 518, 531, 543, 545, 546, 551, 553, 555, 561, 564, 566, 568, 569, 571, 576, 578, 580-582, 589, 590, 594, 597, 599, 600, 604, 605, 607, 608, 613, 616, 620-625, 630, 634, 638-640, 644, 649, 651-655, 657, 659, 661, 665, 673-676, 679, 681, 683, 686, 688, 691, 694, 695, 697-701, 703, 706-709, 711, 715, 719-722, 729, 732, 733, 735, 738, 740, 756, 758, 759, 761-763, 790-792

National Peristyle 7 81 National Public Radio 753 National Railroad 340, 341, 483 National Review 743 Nau 374 Navidad 13, 21 Nazis 508, 628 Nebraska, University of 652 Nègre Marron (statue) 707 Nègre Masqué (Stephen Alexis) 618 Négritude 497, 562 Negroni, Curé 185 Nelson, Edner 627, 631 Nemours, Alfred 506, 549 Nemours, Auguste 485 Neptune, Andre 730 Nepveu, Jacques 19, 2 0 Nerée, Bob 662-664, 667 Nerée, Luc 656, 662-664, 667, 682 Néréide, H.M.S. 115 Nérette (near Pétion-Ville) 48 Nérette, Joseph 740, 745

54

Netherlands, The (see also Dutch) 551, 5 7 9 New Orleans 631 New Republic 571, 572 New York, S.S. 3 86 New York Herald 203, 23 8, 2 86 New York Public Library 8 New York Sun 2 86 New York Times 295, 543, 743, 744, 7 5 0 New Yorker 755 Newbegin, Robert 631 Newspapers - see Haitian Newspapers NewsweeJfc 754 Neyba 23, 176, 178 Nicaragua 335, 346, 465, 484, 533, 536 Nicholas, Mentor 2 60-2 62 Nickels, J. Fredrick 229, 230 Nicolas, Hogar 459, 513, 517, 536 Nigeria 613, 769, 771, 787 Niña, consort 12 Nippes 144, 231, 264, 288, 548

Petite Rivière de Nippes 197, 231 Petit Trou de Nippes 231

Nissage-Saget, Jean-Nicolas 204, 217, 222, 224, 225, 227-229, 231, 232, 236, 238-245, 278, 279, 449, 483, 790

Nixon, Richard 554, 634, 641, 645, 650 Administration 62 0, 649 Resignation 731

Nkrumah, Kwame 562, 609 Noailles, Louis 112-114, 116 Nobel Peace Prize 498 Noë, vicomte de 203 Noël 2 6 Noël, Robert 227, 236 Nogëré 9 0 Noir, Pierre 191, 192 Nord Alexis, Cëcê 310, 316, 320, 330 Nord Alexis, Pierre 217, 219, 227-229, 236, 238, 239, 249, 253,

260, 289, 290, 292, 302, 305, 307-312, 314-323, 327, 329, 330, 333, 338, 347, 348, 350, 365, 388, 437, 535, 561, 613, 649, 655, 791

Nord Alexis, ship 342, 358, 369, 370, 386, 399 Noriega, Manuel 753 Normand de Mézy (plantation) 26, 41 Normands, Les 42 Noroff, Princess 487 Norris, George 481 North Dakota 754 North Dakota, battleship 447, 448 North Korea 754 Norway 743 Norweb, Henry 499, 500 Notre Dame 641

55

Nouveau Monde, Le 577, 623, 634 Nouvelliste, Le 315, 330, 428, 456, 466, 546, 629, 757, 763 Novembre, Pierre 604 Numa, Edgar Nëré 517, 530, 542, 559 Numa, Marcel 607 Nuñez 86 Nunn, Sam 754, 7 60 O'Connell, Daniel 764 O'Farrell, Major 63 O'Leary, Jeremiah 613, 632 O'Neill, Eugene 445 OAS - see Organization of American States Obas, Ulysse 233 Oberlan, Lieutenant 410, 477 Obey, David 751 Obin, Philome 480, 524, 525

Last Supper 525 Oblates 551 Océan, flagship 98 Ocoa River 194 Odeluc, M. 42 Odilon, Perrier 525 Oêdipe 60 8, 663 Oeil, L' 262 Ogé, Vincent 38-40, 45, 46, 114, 233, 788 Ogeron, Bertrand d' 17-19, 23, 35, 37, 788 Ogoun 43, 101, 412, 432, 580, 771, 775, 780 Ogoun Badagri 7 66, 7 67, 77 6, 779 Ogoun Balindjo 771 Ogoun Bátala 771 Ogoun Feray 771 Ogun/Ogoun 43, 101, 412, 432, 580, 771, 775, 780 Ogun Badagris/Ogoun Badagri 76 6, 767, 77 6, 77 9 Ogun Balindjo/Ogoun Balindjo 771 Ogun Batala/Ogoun Bátala 771 Ogun Féraille/Ogoun Feray 771 Oil Embargo 741-743, 746-748, 750, 752 Old Testament 77 6 Oloffson Hotel 452, 533-534, 613, 651, 719 Olympics 452, 516 Onomancie 562 Operation Nassau 618 Ophiolatry 7 68 Opinion Nationale 212, 234 Orden, Van 3 84, 3 98 Oreste, Michel 352-356, 387, 389, 404, 791 Oreste, Mme 355 Organization of American States (OAS) 589, 595, 598-601, 609,

612, 617, 627, 632, 645, 733, 739-741, 744-746, 758, 761 Commission on Human Rights 594 Observers 745, 746 Sanctions 741

56

Osborne 387 Osiris 771 Osmand, Abbe 58 Oso Blanco 574 Osorio, Don Federico Toledo 15 Ottawa, Canada 510, 645 Ouanaminthe 40, 45, 52, 58, 62, 72, 86, 159, 193, 199, 216, 227,

289, 290, 294, 342, 358, 359, 388, 413, 419, 431, 498, 499, 548, 603, 613, 639

Ouanga/Wanga 111, 186, 196, 326, 484, 631, 657, 684, 784, 785 Ouangas - à -mort /Wanga a mo 592, 631, 784, 785 Ounfô (see also Houmfort) 767, 770, 771, 773-776, 781, 787 Oungan (see also Honngan) 767, 769, 770, 773-776, 779-784, 787 Oungenikonn 775, 77 9 Ounsi 773-776, 779-783 Ovando, Nicolas de 13 Ovide, Clëlie 679 Ozama 90 Pacifique, ship 370 Pacot 638 Paddington, Father Georges 185 Padrejean 20, 26, 7 88 Pageot, General 72, 87, 8 8 Pakèt Kongo 773 Palace Band (see Musiciens du Palais National) 761 Palace of Tourism 522 Palais des Cinq Ministères 3 01 Palais Législatif 517, 553 Palais National (see also National Palace) 121, 145, 154, 163,

170, 171, 175, 176, 179, 181, 183, 188, 189, 192, 196, 222, 257, 284, 292, 299, 304, 310, 314, 322, 330, 333, 347, 361, 373, 376, 383, 386, 415, 426, 448, 454, 470, 472, 487, 489, 494, 502, 505, 514, 532, 535, 546, 552, 564, 572, 576, 579, 592-594, 600, 602, 608, 616, 621, 624-626, 631, 647, 649, 706

Palestinian 730, 735 Palm Beach, Florida 651 Palmerston 193, 234 Pamphile de Lacroix 80, 84, 89, 100-102, 114, 115 Panama 149, 273, 295, 316, 346, 405, 428, 451, 473, 536, 580,

630, 758 Panama Canal 272, 335, 346, 358, 371, 385 Panorame 577, 592 Panther, S.M. S. (German warship) 309, 310, 791 Papa Lebat 770 Papa Legba (see also Legba) 531 Papailler, Père Hubert 630 Papal Nunciature 734 Papal Nuncio 302, 434, 734 Papaloi 225, 279 Papillon, Jean-François 41, 45 Paquet Congo/Pakêt Kongo 773

57

Paradise party 763 Parc Industriel 652, 706 Paret 374 Paret, Bégeot 227 Paret family 374 Parfaite Sincérité (Jacmel Masonic lodge) 265 Pariset, Fifi 122 Parque de Colón 159 Parsons, Elsie Clews 786 Parti Communiste d'Haïti (PCH) 516 7 528 Parti Communiste Manchoutiste 516 Parti Démocratigue Populaire de la Jeunesse Haïtienne 513 Parti du Peuple Haïtien (PPH) 542, 543 Parti Entente Populaire (PEP) 618, 619 Parti Populaire pour la Liberation Nationale (PPLÏST) 619 Parti Socialiste Populaire 516, 517, 528, 533 Parti Unifié Communiste Haïtien (PUCH) 619 Partie de l'Est 167, 192, 193, 197, 202, 212, 2 4 1 Party for National Togetherness (PREN) 715, 716 Pascal-Trouillot, Ertha (Madame Présidente) 731-7 3 4 , 736, 737,

793 Electoral council 732

Pasquet, Alix "Sonson" 540, 567-570, 572, 674, 7 1 6 Pastoriza, Andrés 550 Patrie, La 349, 449 Patriote, Le 170, 567 Paul, Edmond 239, 254, 263, 278, 281 Paul, Evans 729, 735, 736, 756, 760, 761 Paul, Issa 750 Paul, Jean-Claude 724-727 Paul VI, pope 6 09, 610 Paulin, Colonel 151 Paulin, F. P. 347 Paulino-Alvarez, Anselmo 501, 526 Pauncefote, Sir Julian 273 Payne, Arthur 568, 569 Pe 772, 775 Peace of Amiens 92, 109 Peace of Ryswick 22, 7 88 Pearl Harbor 50 8 Peck, H. E. 217, 218, 220-224, 234, 235 Peck, Margaret 235 Pedernales 386 Pedro, Dom 769 Peking 618 Peligre Dam 532, 536, 642, 654, 657, 691, 703, 7 4 3 Pellé, Congo 209, 777 Pelle, Jeanne 209, 777 Pélou 59 Pénitencier National 154, 737, 738 Pennsylvania Avenue 704 Pentagon, The 645, 749, 753, 756

58

Pequot, U.S.S. 231 Peralte, Charlemagne Massêna 366, 370, 391, 392, 431-438, 479 ,

480, 570, 605, 791 Peralte, Gaspard 374 Peralte, Marie-Louis 434 Peralte, Saint-Rémy 434 Peraltes 343 Përard, Bonicias 503 Percin, Pierre 210, 211 Père LeJbrun 7 05, 737 Père le Pers 19, 35, 36, 58 Peristyle/Peristil 764, 775, 776, 781 Perkins, Capt. 123 Perl, Dr. (German envoy) 345, 352, 389 Pernier 48 Perón, Evita 682 Perón, Juan 584 Perpignand, Henri "Riquet" 567-569 Perrier, Jean-Baptiste (see Goman) 145 Perry, William (U.S. Secretary of Defense) 755 Peru 253, 500 Pestel 53, 183, 265, 546 Peters, Carl Edwards 611 Peters, DeWitt 523, 524 Pêtion, Alexandre Sabès 59, 79, 82-84, 101, 106, 108, 109, 1 1 1 ,

112, 115, 116, 119, 121, 122, 124, 126-128, 130-138, 1 4 0 -146, 148-151, 154, 155, 157, 160-162, 167, 170, 173, 177 , 183, 184, 187, 188, 207, 214, 226, 251, 254, 255, 302, 3 1 4 , 419, 555, 607, 608, 615, 626, 630, 632, 642, 669, 789 Monument 490 Statue 555, 567, 568

Pêtion, overhaul 229-232 Pétion-Ville (formerly La Coupe) 48, 227, 233, 249, 292, 302 ,

344, 370, 423, 431, 486, 489, 502, 526, 550, 566, 593, 6 0 2 , 644, 656, 693, 696, 707, 722, 731, 743, 744, 748

Petit, Georges 515, 530, 534, 567 Petit Impartial, Le 461, 567 Petit-Goâve 17, 20, 21, 79, 82, 131, 132, 149, 187, 204, 229 ,

270, 279, 309, 407, 689 Petit-Noël 105-107, 115, 116 Petit Samedi Soir, Le 662, 664, 689, 692 Petit Séminaire (see Saint-Martial) 256 Petit Trou du Nord 247 Petite-Anse 26, 51, 140, 376 Petite Rivière de l'Artibonite 64, 101, 106, 132, 142, 177, 2 1 5 ,

231, 434 Petro 769, 772 Peynier, comte de 39 Pezzullo, Lawrence 752, 7 94 Phaëton 548 Phalange, La 577, 584, 610 Philadelphia, U.S.S. 296, 297

59

Philip III 15 Philippe, Monod 620, 627 Philippeaux 216 Philippines, The 433, 446, 448, 465, 476 Philogènes, Blücher 604 Phipps, Wilmina Wilson 252 Pichón, Louis 95, 303, 314, 335, 338 Pickering, Timothy 81, 83 Picot, Pastor 261, 269 Pierre, Albert (ti Boule) 711 Pierre, André 526, 773, 787 Pierre, Joseph (Pierre Sully) 390 Pierre, Mme Emile 279 Pierre, Sénèque Momplaisir 229, 230, 236, 243, 246, 248, 307,

322 Pierre-Gilles, Joe 787 Pierre-Louis, Bignon 517 Pierre-Louis, Nemours 539-543, 792 Pierre-Louis, Rossini 534, 542 Pierre-Paul, Antoine 344, 386, 414, 415, 419, 444, 453, 478, 570 Pierre-Paul, General 182 Pierres-tonnerre/Pyè tonne 775 Pierrot, Jean-Louis 56, 178, 180-183, 186, 187, 192, 196, 217,

310, 376, 790 Pignon 361 Pinchinat, Pierre 48, 69, 70 Pindling, Mr. 621

Pindling government 612 Pinone 60 8 Pinta 35 Pinzón, Martín Alonso 3 5 Piquant, Henri 267 Piquant, Osman 285, 288, 290 Piquets 179-181, 183, 191, 192, 195-198, 215, 216, 228-230, 264-

266, 278, 302, 318, 321, 334, 440, 465, 698, 789 Rasoirs 266, 286, 302

Pitt 76, 92, 109 Pius IX, pope 196, 203, 211, 234 Place d'Armes 40, 45, 120, 152 Place de Clugny 44 Place de l'Eglise 249 Place de l'Indépendance 49 0, 594, 599 Place de la Patrie 120, 534 Place du Gouvernement 102 Place Geffrard 221 Place Pétion 154, 177, 285 Place St. Anne 279 Place Vallière 190 Placide 73, 97, 100 Plaideau, Camille 182 Plaideau, Juste 182 Plaine de Lêogâne 31, 22 8

60

Plaine des Cayes 53, 216, 279, 464 Plaine du Cap 41 Plaine du Centre 2 01, 289 Plaine du Nord 21, 31, 43, 77, 91, 105, 289, 376 413 4 3 2 Plaisance 66, 105, 188, 217, 479 Plaisir, Mars 110 Plantation d #Héricourt 91 Plantation Dauphin 453 Plantation (Le) Normand de Mézy 26, 41 Plateau Central 182, 342, 440, 443 Platons, Les 53, 183 Piatt Amendment 335, 373, 405 Plésance, Victorin 2 63 Plessy, Max du 666 Plume, La 2 65 Po tèt 775, 783 Pocreau, Abbé 437 Pognon, Isidore 712, 737 Point Lamentin 66, 234, 483 Poirier, Msgr. François 545, 582-584, 610 Poisson, Bernard 760 Poitevien, Albert 597 Poitevien, General 322 Poland 116, 123, 589, 629 Poles 92, 116, 123 Police Administrative 3 53 Police du Centenaire 319 Polish Legion 116, 123 Polish trade representative 589 Polverel, Etienne 52-57, 62, 63, 67 Polydor 2 6 Polynice, Edmond 355, 356, 360, 370, 374, 379, 383, 384 Pompiers du Petit Séminaire 481 Pont-Beudet 359, 481 Pont-Château 255 Pont de l'Estère 79, 101, 256 Pont de Thor 182 Pont-Rouge 132, 153, 154, 479, 789 Pont-Sondé 72 0 Poor, Charles H. 242 Pope Gregory XVI 2 09 Pope John-Paul II 686, 688, 725 Pope Paul VI 609, 610 Pope Pius IX 196, 203, 211, 234 Popular Socialist Party 528, 529, 533 Port-à-Piment 535 Port-à-Piment, comte de/Sanon 195 Port-au-Prince Cathedral 675, 676, 682, 720, 734 Port-au-Prince Firemen 482 Port-au-Prince International Exposition 792 Port-au-Prince quay 232 Port-au-Princien 489

61

Port-aux-Mous tiques 12 Port-Dauphin (sisal plantation) 670 Port-de-Paix 17-22, 26, 63, 65, 67, 69, 72, 79, 80, 91, 98, 99,

101, 107, 111, 131, 136, 142, 169, 231, 232, 256, 262, 273, 274, 287, 329, 354, 357, 366, 407, 431, 451, 479, 508, 515, 548, 610, 682, 719, 788, 789

Port-Margot 20, 43, 64, 91, 98 Port-Républicain (Port-au-Prince) 62, 64 Port-Royal (Port-au-Prince) 29 Port Royal, Jamaica 138, 201, 235 Port-Salut 131, 183 Portail Léogâne 3 02, 3 84 Portail Montrouis 573 Portail St. Joseph 134, 181, 228, 364 Portugal 325 Portugese 13-15, 18, 374, 376 Possession 778-782 Poste Chambert 480 Poste Marchand 176, 279 Poteau Mitan/Poto Mitan 771, 775, 782, 783 Poteaux 412 Poto Mitan 771, 775, 782, 783 Potomac 737 Pots têtes/Po têt 775, 783 Pouget, Louis-Edouard 324, 325, 410, 420 Pouilh, Duraciné 170, 212 Poulie, Théagène 2 67 Poux, Père Paddy 633, 634 Powell, Adam Clayton Jr. 536 Powell, Colin 755, 760 Powell, William F. 303, 304, 306-309, 311, 315, 327, 328 Poyen 116 Pradel, Seymour 352, 365, 366, 420, 444, 463, 466, 471, 492,

503, 549 Praedel, General 370 Présidences éphémères 3 56 Presidential Guard 145, 188, 190, 191, 196, 206, 259, 284, 299,

307, 314, 355, 549, 597, 657, 695, 709, 710 Praslin Manifesto 171, 175, 177

Praslinite 206 Presse, La 466, 484 Preston, Stephen 189, 279, 293, 295 Prêt Savane/Prèt Savann 186, 781, 782 Preval, Jules 374 Preval, René 736, 737, 763, 794 Prëville 606 Prévost, Julien/comte de Limonade 92, 140 Price, Hannibal 253, 263, 293, 299, 471 Price-Mars, Jean 2, 6, 172, 250, 251, 259, 280, 312, 431, 444,

471, 492, 496, 497, 506, 514, 515, 523, 538, 563, 784 Ainsi Parla 1'Oncle/Thus Spoke the Uncle 523

Prichard, Hesketh Vernon H. 306, 309, 325, 328

62

Prieur 115 Prince de Poix 92 Prins Frederik Hendrik, ship 370 Prins Willem V, S. S. 360 Promotion Flambeaux 580, 581 Prophète, Anselme 247, 270, 284, 285, 289, 290 Prophète, Guerrier 200, 208, 215 Prosper, Marcaisse 528, 529, 535, 538, 540, 554 Providence, war steamer 218, 219 Provincial Assembly (French Colonial Administration) 40, 58 Public Records Office (London) 8 Puerta del Conde 17 8 Puerto Rico 433, 485, 511, 536, 684, 702 Puffer Fish 786 Puilboreau 217 Pun j ab 7 6 8 Punta del Este 589, 591 Pyê tonne 775 Pyke, Joseph 345, 346, 353, 354 Quai d'Orsay 8, 203, 283, 289, 295, 299, 305, 326, 327, 336,

340, 494 Quai du Commerce 227 Quantico, Virginia 631, 726 Quartier Morin 26, 43, 374, 412, 514, 531, 610 Quatres gé/Katje 774 Quebec, Canada 510 Quisqueya 12 Rabel, Hilaire 2 90 Rabel, Numa 2 90 Racine, Ed 69 0 Rada 769, 772, 784 Radio Commerce 539, 545, 601, 625 Radio Haïti 629, 662 Radio Havana 618 Radio HHK 451 Radio Liberté 567 Radio Lumière (Protestant) 707 Radio Métropole 662, 678, 722, 734 Radio Moscow 619

Peace and Progress 619 Radio Nationale 699 Radio Progreso 573 Radio Soleil (Catholic) 691, 693, 697, 711, 712, 715, 719 Radio Vonvon 618, 634 Railroads 303, 324, 328, 336, 337, 339-341, 343, 344, 354, 356,

358, 386, 412, 454, 483, 643 Raimondi, Msgr. Luigi 53 9 Rainsford, Marcus 14, 30, 31, 80 Rameau, Dantès 2 92 Rameau, Mario 619 Rameau, Septimus 230, 245-248, 258, 301, 412, 546 Ramel, General 12 6

63

Ramirez, Don Juan Sanchez 154, 160 Ramparts 619 Randolf, John 147 Ranquitte 3 61 Rapide, corvette 182, 183 Rasoirs 266, 286, 302 Ravine-à-Couleuvre 100 Ravine de chêne 545 Ravine Roche 6 06 Raybaud 187, 189-191, 193, 195, 199, 202, 203 Raymond, Adrien 610, 624, 638 Raymond, Claude 554, 563, 570, 572, 573, 581, 610, 623, 624,

638, 645, 668, 674, 715, 721 Raymond, Gasner 656, 662 Raymond, Julien 38, 71, 75, 83, 90 Raynal, Abbé 13, 15, 16, 71 Reagan, Ronald 680, 684, 690, 715, 741, 792

Administration 679, 680, 718 Rebecca 13 6 Red Cross 535, 598 Redemptorist Fathers 551 Réforme, La 345, 352, 3 97 Refugee situation of the De Facto period

Crisis 742, 743, 745, 746 Policy (U.S.) 745, 746 Repatriation 745, 746, 751 Treaty of 1981 751, 752

Regala, Williams 682, 695, 696, 701, 708, 710, 711, 713, 714, 717, 718, 722, 725, 726, 761

Regard 663 Régie du Tabac 535, 552, 609, 641, 658, 671, 677

Splendides 569 Reindeer, H.M.S. 13 9 Rémy, Anselme 760, 7 61 Republic of Congo 24, 612, 769, 772, 787 République, warship 231, 232 République Septentrionale 287 Resolution 841 (UN) 747 Resolution 917 (UN) 752 Resolution 940 (UN) 753 Restauración (Dominican Republic) 500 Réveil, Le 225 Revolutionary bonds 338 Revolutionary Committee (Comité Révolutionnaire) 397-399, 402-

404, 538 Revue Indigène 461, 523 Rex (café) 502 Rex (movie theater) 522, 523 Reynolds Aluminum 669, 670, 793 Reynolds Metals bauxite mines 532, 7 93 Reynolds, Quentin 49 8 Rêzia, Mlle 550

64

Ribot, Alexandre 299 Richard, Jean-Pierre (duc de Marmelade) 92, 151-153, 157 Richard, Methieus 439, 480 Riche, Jean-Baptiste 152, 153, 179, 180, 183, 184, 187, 188,

206, 626, 790 Richelieu, cardinal 644 Richepanse, Antoine 104 Rigal, Antoine 466, 467 Rigaud, André 34, 50, 53, 54, 63, 65, 67, 69, 72-84, 86, 93,

108-110, 115, 129, 137, 145, 146, 160, 166, 182, 188, 228, 789

Rigaud, Ernest 300, 327 Rigaud, Dr. Georges 514, 516, 517, 519, 528, 542, 552, 606 Rigaud, Lucien 649, 650, 659, 665, 666, 669

Rigaud/Cazeau Mission 650 Rigaud, Milo 504, 518, 698, 769 Rigaud, Numa 22 8 Rigaud, Odette 772 Rigaud, Roger 60 6 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 644 Rio Treaty 59 8 Riobé, Hector 606, 632

Riobé Stand 632 Riou, Roger 520, 555 Ritchie 82 River Dajabón 2 00 Riviêre-Hérard, Charles 170, 171, 173, 175-180, 182, 188, 192,

193, 789, 790 Rivierists 182

Rivière Massacre 21, 22 Robert, Msgr. Paul 584, 595, 610 Robespierre 37, 67, 564, 600 Robin, Ermane 376, 383, 384 Robinson, Randall 752 Rochambeau, Donatien-Marie-Joseph de Vimeur 71, 97-101, 107-109,

112-116, 119, 121, 122, 446, 473, 789 Rochefort 97 Rochester, steamer 467, 469 Rockefeller, Nelson 510, 551, 620, 622, 634 Rocourt, Alain 721 Rodman, Selden 202, 458, 524

Miracle of Haitian Art 524 Rodriguez-Echazabal 574, 628 Rogers (U.S. Secretary of State) 645 Roi Christophe (hotel) x, 757 Roland, Astrel 526, 528, 604

Roland-Viau vendetta 52 6 Romain, Franck 559, 594, 597, 607, 620, 627, 674, 721, 725-727,

736, 748, 761, 792 Romain, Paul/prince de Limbe 50, 105, 112, 140, 151, 157 Romans 77 0 Rome, Italy 185, 186, 335, 565, 582, 610, 727

65

Romélus, Bishop Willy 684, 697, 718, 719, 730, 743 Romulus, Fritz 730 Romulus, Marc 662, 6 63 Ronceray, Hubert de 692, 723, 727, 730 Ronde, La 170 Rond Point (Port-au-Prince) 573 Roosevelt, Franklin D. 8, 394, 406, 422, 428, 473, 478, 479,

487, 489, 505, 510, 524, 550, 551, 554, 565 Roosevelt-Taft hypothesis 371

Roosevelt, John 565 Roosevelt, Theodore 313, 335, 336

Roosevelt Corollary (to the Monroe Doctrine) 322, 33 5 Root, Elihu 329 Rosati, Bishop Joseph 185, 2 09, 211 Rose Bonds 3 86 Rosemond, Jules 319 Rossignol Rum 272 Rotberg, Robert I. 6, 281, 384, 453, 483, 519, 571, 587, 609,

612, 628 Haiti: The Politics of Squalor [Heinls misquote title -

given correctly here] 6, 2 81, 62 8 Rouchechoart, de 253 Roumain, Ernest 234 Roumain, Jacques 461-463, 466, 484, 485, 493, 496, 497, 523, 549

Masters of the Dew/Gouverneur s de la Rosée 523 Roume, Philippe-Rose 50, 71, 78, 79, 81, 85, 86 Roumer, Emile 523 Rousseau, Jean-Jacques 27, 210 Rousseaus, Douanier 524 Rouvray, Marquis du 34, 35, 43, 44, 48-50, 57, 59, 92, 413 Rouzier, Emile 380, 480 Rouzier, Gontran 508, 512-514 Rouzier, Sêmextant 268, 322-525 Roxas 90 Roy, Eugène 426, 467, 470, 484, 486, 791 Roy, G. Edouard 509, 597 Roy, Louis 73 0 Royal College 255 Royal Company of Senegal 21 Royal Corps of Dahomets 24, 141 Royal Goudrons (tarpots) 69, 74 Royal Marines (England) 277, 632 Royal Navy 218, 272 Ruan, Addison T. 417, 418, 427, 428 Rubalcava, Admirai 212 Ruche, La 496, 513, 515 Rue, de la 494, 495, 504, 508, 549, 550 Rue de la Réunion 2 01 Rue des Casernes 275, 600 Rue des Césars 386 Rue des Fronts Forts 225, 240, 244, 267, 445, 448, 481 Rue des Miracles 3 03

66

Rue du Centre 228, 254, 275, 285, 378 Rue du Port 314 Rue du Quai 27 9, 3 86 Rue Guilloux 62 6 Rue Lamarre 359 Rue Lorimer Denis 764 Rue Oswald Durand 626 Rue Pavée 254 Ruelle Roy 627 Rum Barbancourt 473, 554, 775 Rum Rossignol 272 Rumania 508, 618, 62 9 Rusk, Dean 589, 590, 630 Russell, John H. 393, 423, 426, 427, 432, 433, 437, 438, 441,

443-445, 447-457, 459, 460, 462-464, 466-472, 475, 479, 483-486, 496, 521, 522, 791

Russell, Mrs. 459, 466 Russia 618 Rwanda 612 Ryswick 22, 7 88 Saba, Johnny 757 Sabès, Cëlimène 130 Sacré Coeur Church 573, 748 Sailler 14 SEE ALSO "ST. " ENTRIES Saint-Amant, Edris 515, 528 Saint-Fort, Charlotin 595 Saint-Haulde - see Lefranc de Saint-Larry 2 8 Saint-Léger, Edmond de 50, 51 Saint-Louis, Cicerón 280 Saint-Louisiens 2 80 Saint-Martial (see St. Martial) 256 Saint-Méry (see Moreau de) Saint-Preux, David 176 Saint-Rêmy - see Lepelletier de Saints (see Secret Sects) 186 Sainte Trinité Episcopal Cathedral 527 Sales, St. François de 452, 622 Salesian order 727 Salle des Bustes (National Palace) 564, 576, 625 Salnave, navy vessel 231, 279 Salnave, Albert 308, 309, 317 Salnave, Felix 319 Salnave, Sylvain 216-233, 235-239, 241, 253, 257, 265-267, 272,

278, 286, 293, 307, 310, 311, 342, 354, 388, 415, 790 Salnave, Victor 22 8 Salomon, Etienne 215, 216, 222, 280 Salomon, Georges 661, 672, 673, 676, 677, 697, 699, 701 Salomon, Ida 277, 2 82 Salomon, Irma 266, 279

67

Salomon, Louis-Fëlicitë-Lysius 6, 176, 179, 189, 190, 199, 208, 211, 239, 240, 249, 250, 254, 256-284, 286, 289, 293, 301, 303, 325, 326, 328, 331, 348, 357, 388, 415, 419, 464, 540, 553, 569, 790

Salomon, Mme Louise (Louise Magnus) 257, 266, 268, 272, 276, 277 Salon Jaune 601 Saltrou (Belle Anse) 50, 197, 247, 260, 290, 346, 604, 632, 792 Sam, Justin 46 6 Sam, Tirësias Augustin Simon 262, 274, 303-307, 311, 323, 327,

328, 359, 367, 369, 373, 386, 418, 536, 791 Sam, Vilbrum Guillaume 328, 344, 358, 359, 366-370, 372-374,

377, 379, 380-383, 386, 388, 389, 397, 398, 569, 598, 791 Samana 86, 90 Samaná Bay 97, 98, 193, 241, 499 Samedi, Baron (Bawon Samdi) 208, 414, 563, 599, 601, 616, 625,

626, 771, 783, 784 Samoré, Antonio 610 San Domingo 147, 175 San Juan de la Maguana 193 San Nicolas 11 San Pedro de Macoris 499 San Rafael 414 Sanchez, Francisco del Rosario 202 Sanchez, General 212 Sanders, Prince 157, 158, 173 Sanon, General/comte de Port-à-Piment 195 Saimón, Paulëus 318, 353, 405, 406, 409, 415, 420, 444, 471, 476 Sans-Façon, Dr. 154 Sansaricq 476 Sansaricq, Bernard 682 Sansaricq, Stéphane 6 06 Sansaricqs 606 Sans-Souci, chief 105, 107, 115, 116 Sans-Souci, Dr. 154 Sans-Souci, palace 117, 151, 524, 535 Santa Cruz 16 Santa Maria 11-13, 19, 308 Santana, Pedro 178, 194, 212 Santander 199 Santiago 28, 86, 127, 128, 140, 159, 178, 193, 499, 520 Santiago de Cuba 258, 330, 573 Santiago de los Caballeros, Dominican Republic 169 Santo Domingo - see also Dominican Republic and Ciudad Santo

Domingo 4, 14, 15, 22, 24, 30, 35, 55, 62, 67, 68, 71, 75, 78, 83, 85-87, 98-100, 107, 111, 115, 125, 127-129, 134, 140, 154, 158-161, 164, 167, 176, 178, 185, 192, 193, 197-200, 211, 212, 221, 227, 233, 234, 239, 241, 242, 289, 293, 313, 335, 343, 346, 362, 370, 372, 374, 389, 405, 406, 413, 424, 437, 445-448, 453, 476, 498, 499, 501, 502, 522, 526, 550, 567, 574, 595, 621, 662, 666, 724-726, 732, 753, 764, 788-790

Santomë 199

68

S apene, Raymond 611 Sarawak 234 Sartre, Jean-Paul 497 Saumur 259, 319 Saurel, Jean 675 Saut d'Eau 2 03 Savain, Mme 454 Savana Larga 2 00 Savana Mula 199 Savane Valembrun 99 Savannah, Battle of 34, 35, 508 Savannah, flagship 509 Savanne de la Fossette 79, 124, 274, 359, 619 Scarlet Fever 261 Schacht, Hjalmar 494 Schlesinger, Arthur Jr. 589 Schmidt, Hans 341, 428, 439 Schoelcher, Victor 157, 165-168 Schultz, George 691, 7 00

Good Morning America 700 Schweitzer, Hôpital Albert (HAS) 533 Schwerin, Count von 3 04, 3 05 Scripps-Howard interview 618 Scylla, chief 105, 115 Scylla, H.M.S. 171 Seabrook, William Buehler 330, 427, 456 Seaga, Edward 70 0 Sea-Land containers 650 Secret Sects 186, 202, 209 Secte Rouge - see Sekt Wouj Seitz, Al 719 Seitz, Suzanne 719 Séjourne, M. 50 Sekt Wouj 576, 592, 785, 786

Bisango/Bizango 785 Cochons Gris/Kochon gri 785 Vin 7-Bain-Ding/VIengbendeng 785 Zobop 7 85, 7 86

Selassie, Emperor Haile 613, 652 Seley, Jason 525 Seligman, Herbert J. 444, 445 Selma, Alabama 748 Semaine Sanglante (Bloody Week) 8, 269, 276, 281, 311, 582, 601,

629, 790 Semmes, Raphael 213 Sénat (le grand Corps) 2 80 Senegal 7 87 Senegalese 24 Seremoni (Voodoo) 771, 775-777, 779-783 Service Coopératif Interaméricain de Santé Publique (SCISP) 533 Service d'Hygiène 475 Service de Santé Publique 452, 472

69

Service de Sûreté 3 53 Service Technique de l'Agriculture et de l'Enseignement

Professionnel 453, 460-462, 468, 469, 472, 484, 510, 511 Sesmaisons, comte de 276, 284, 286, 287, 289, 291, 292, 294,

295, 325, 327 Seward, William H. 213, 220, 221, 223, 235, 236, 346 Seybo 154, 194 SHADA (Société Haïtienne-Américaine de Développement Agricole or

Haitian-American Partnership for Agricultural Development) 510-512, 515, 518, 519, 551, 681

Shakespeare, William 759 Shaman 787 Shelton, Henry H. 756-758 Shepard 493, 500, 501, 503, 549 Sheriffs' Coup 555, 567-570, 674 Shilts, Randy 685 Shipley 321, 322 Siberia 787 Sibert 134, 370 Siffra 605 SIM (Trujillo's secret police) 596 Simalo (goat) 330 Similien 571, 619 Simon, Celestina 330, 341, 344, 350, 386, 415 Simon, Démosthène 32 8 Simon, François Antoine 290, 302, 321-324, 329, 336, 338-344,

350, 356, 358, 414, 415, 646, 791 Simon, Jean 2 07 Simon, Lycurge 328 Siphonage, le 113, 716, 720 Sixty Minutes (TV program) 721 Slocombe, Walter 749 Smallpox 13, 2 61, 452 Smarth, Père 633, 634 Smith, Alexis 651 Smith, Charles Cogswell 372 Smith, Madison R. 355, 357, 387 Smith, Samedi 105 Smythe, Henry M. 3 03 Socarras, Prio 565 Société/Sosyete 767, 774, 781 Société Correspondante des Colons Français (Club Massiac) 38, 48 Société des Amis des Noirs/Society of the Friends of Blacks 38,

242, 445 Somalia 749, 754 Somoza, Anastasio "Tacho" 533 Sonthonax, Léger-Félicité 52-57, 59, 62-65, 67, 71-75, 87, 91,

92, 105, 165, 411, 582, 608, 788 Sosyete 767, 774, 781 Soulouque, Adelina 196, 507 Soulouque, Faustin 9, 136, 156, 171, 187-204, 206, 208-215, 228,

232-234, 252, 257, 260, 261, 272, 286, 310, 345, 419, 541,

70

546, 553, 564, 566, 569, 571, 579, 584, 585, 586, 594, 596, 600, 606, 610, 790

Source Meyer 290 Source Salée 264, 790 South Africa 67 8 South America 7 67 South Florida 685 Southampton, H.M.S. 13 8 Southern United States 767 Souverain, Le 53 8 Spaccapietra, Msgr. Vicente 211 Spain 213, 251 Spaniards 248, 776 Spanish-American War 335 Spartan, H.M.S. 180 Spellman, Cardinal Francis Joseph 536 Spencer, General 74, 76 Speyer & Co. 33 9 Splendides (cigarettes) 569 SEE ALSO "SAINT" ENTRIES St. Anthony of Padua 775 St. Bartholomew, eve of 319 St. Christopher/St. Kitts 15, 16 St. Cyr 259, 319 St. Domingue iv, 3, 5, 7, 8, 14, 17-40, 46-50, 52-55, 57, 59-61,

64-66, 68, 70-75, 77, 78, 81, 81, 83, 85-87, 89, 90, 92-98, 103-107, 110, 111, 113-115, 119, 121, 127, 130, 142, 160, 163, 164, 169, 173, 184, 584, 613, 766, 768, 785, 787, 788 St. Domingue Gazette 3 0

St. François de Sales 452, 622 St. George 767, 775 St. Helena 111, 148 St. Hilaire 374 St. Jean-Bosco 693, 712, 719, 720, 725, 736, 748

St. Jean Bosco Massacre 725, 727, 736, 748, 793 St. John 389 St. John, Sir Spencer 209, 214-216, 219, 221, 223, 225-229, 2 3 4 ,

235, 237, 238, 243, 245, 259, 283, 330, 371, 777 Black Republic 111

St. Joseph 3 68 St. Kitts/St. Christopher 15, 16 St. Louis, Acedius 657, 727 St. Louis, Ulrick 607, 623, 641 St. Louis de Gonzague 292, 431, 438, 462, 643, 644 St. Louis du Nord 20, 5 07 St. Louis du Sud 23, 32, 50, 83, 84 St. Lucia 104, 211 St. Marc 29, 30, 38, 39, 47, 48, 58, 64, 67-69, 84, 100, 102,

106, 111, 121, 123, 129, 132, 134, 136, 142, 143, 151, 1 5 2 , 157, 175, 180, 181, 183, 200, 207, 215, 221, 222, 224, 2 2 6 , 228, 229, 232, 236, 238, 240, 245, 247, 252, 254, 259, 2 6 0 -262, 274, 277, 279, 286-291, 309, 311, 317, 318, 328, 329,

71

344, 355, 356, 361, 369, 386, 407, 411, 451, 463, 483, 494, 515, 518, 524, 544, 564, 568, 573, 582, 643, 652, 714

St. Martial 241, 256, 357, 582, 633, 634 St. Michel 83, 329, 433, 440 St. Michel, war steamer 249, 253, 279 St. Michel de l'Atalaye 227, 309, 434 St. Patrick 775 St. Pierre 219 St. Pierre, Enos 662, 663 St. Raphaël 100, 253, 436, 689 St. Rose of Lima 731 St. Suzanne 45, 227, 413 St. Thomas 198, 213, 254, 281, 310, 314, 317, 322, 342, 344 St. Victor, Brutus 274, 276, 328 St. Victor, Francesca 616 St. Victor, Mme 624 Stalin, Joseph 500 Standard Fruit Company 493, 494, 520, 529, 533

Standard Fruit Contract 520 State Medical School 666 Station WRUL 617, 618, 634 Staude, Herr 344, 386 Stein, S.M.S. 304 Stettinius, Edward 510 Stevens, Dr. Edward 81-83, 85, 93, 115, 137, 148, 203 Stevenson, Reba 787 Stewart, Duncan 150, 152-154, 205 Stimson, Henry L. 464, 468, 479, 485 Stoddard, Theodore Lothrop 59, 107 Stoddert, Benjamin 81 Strook, Strook and Lavin 716 Sud, Etat du (Rigaud) 137 Sudanese 24 Suez Canal 2 95 Sullivan 454 Sullivan, Dr. Louis 735 Sully, Pierre (Joseph Pierre) 390 Sully-Guerrier, General 299, 300 Sulpice, Père 46, 58 Sumner, Charles 242, 529 Sutherland, Robert 154 Suzini, Father 185 Swing, William Lacy 751, 756, 762 Sylvain, Benito 32 9, 613 Sylvain, Franck 543, 792 Sylvain, Georges 312, 411, 444 Sylvain, Hërard 3 81 Sylvain, maître Georges 543 Sylvain, steam sloop 22 9 Sylvie, M. 325 Syndicat de l'Industrie du Cuir/Leather-Worker' s Union 515 Syndicat des Chauffeurs-Guides 528, 538, 540, 543, 577, 643

72

Syphilis 13, 351, 452, 553 Syrians 311, 312, 322, 329, 387, 503, 514, 532, 552, 577, 585,

622, 627, 734 Taft, William Howard 316, 329, 655, Taino Indians 11-13 Taipei, Taiwan 729 Taiwan 729, 730, 762 Talamas, Shibley 566, 627 Talavigne 82 Talbott, Strobe 752 Talleyrand-Périgord, Charles Maurice de 96, 160 Tampico 37 0 Tanis, Louis 247, 249, 252, 253 Tanis conspirators 279 Tarin de Cussy, Pierre-Paul 20, 21, 28 Tartar, frigate H.M.S. 123 Tass 619 Tassy, Harry 617 Tassy, Jean 602, 617, 627, 629 Taur eau - trois -grênes/Towo- twa- gr enn 770 Taverny 131 Taylor, William (commercial agent) 148 Télé-Haïti 675, 706, 708 Telégraphe, Le 33 0 Télémaque, Samedi 127, 183, 184 Télémaque, Séïde 239, 253, 276, 277, 283-286, 288, 289, 303, 790 Templiers 210 Temps, Le 170, 396, 397, 474 Ten Years' War 251 Tennessee, U.S.S. 3 98 Tenth Department - see Diaspora Tenth Mountain Division 754 Terre-Neuve 64 Terres, U . S . Consul 314 Terreur, U.S.S. 231, 232, 279 Terrier 603 Terrier Rouge 29, 51, 52, 58, 374 Tertre, Père du 16 Testard du Cosquer, Msgr. Martial 211, 221, 225, 256, 280 Tèt Ansanm 719 Texier 279, 284, 289, 291 Théard, André 564, 608 Théard, Daniel 53 6 Théâtre de Verdure 525, 552 Théâtre Parisiana 402, 470, 486 Thèbes, Mme de 434 Théodore, Joseph Davilmar 342, 354, 356-361, 365-367, 369, 370,

372, 373, 387, 388, 791 Théodore, René 718, 730, 742-745 Theresienstadt 650 Thermidor 607, 613 Theseus, H.M.S. 111

73

Thetis, frigate 183 Thévenin, Joseph 631 Thézan, Emmanuel 454 Thiele, Kapitân-zur-See August 304 Thoby, Armand 226, 251, 262, 263 Thoby, Perceval 444, 471, 514, 515 Thoby-Marcelin, Philippe 523 Thomas, G. C. 437 Thomazeau 290, 293, 303, 337, 354, 781 Thomonde 440, 480, 502

Thomonde raid 502 Thompson, Dr. John E. W. 273, 275-277, 281, 282, 284-286, 289-

292, 325 Thompson, Mrs. John E. W. 27 6 Thompson, Ian ix

Bonjour Blanc ix Thrasybule (Haitian jailer) 37 8 Thus Spoke the Uncle/Ainsi Parla l'Oncle 523 Ti Canal 285, 321, 322 Ti Jean-Petro 785 Ti Legliz 686, 694, 696, 697, 710 Ti Montagne 480 Tiburón 63, 64, 68, 76, 84, 105, 147, 171, 197, 198, 265, 278 Time (magazine) 458 Times, The (London) 619 Timmons III, B. E. L. 608, 633 Tippenhauer, Rudolph 328, 329 Tirailleurs 206, 212, 215, 217, 220-222, 224, 259 Tirpitz, von 388, 389 Tisserant, Eugene 210, 211 Tittmann, Harold 552 Titus 181 Tobago 104 Todman, Terence 662, 66 6 Togo 612 Tokyo 574 Tombeau des Indigènes 127 Tonti, Msgr. Julio 301 Tonton Macoutes (see also Miliciens) 556, 559, 570-577, 579-581,

583, 584, 587, 589, 592-595, 597-600, 602-606, 609, 610, 613, 616, 617, 619, 620, 622, 623, 625, 628-631, 633, 634, 641-643, 647, 648, 652, 653, 663, 666, 667, 672, 674, 686, 688, 690, 694-696, 698, 700, 701, 705, 706, 709-712, 714, 716, 718-720, 722, 725, 726, 731, 733-735, 737, 738, 748, 749, 751, 754, 758, 762, 771

Tonton Noël 62 9 Torbeck 131, 183, 215, 230, 464 Tortuga - see La Tortue Toulon 21, 97, 115 Touré, Sëkou 612 Toussaint - see Louverture Toussaint Louverture, gunboat 275, 307, 308

74

Touzard, de 43, 4 8 # 49, 51, 58 Towo - twa - gr enn 770 Tracy, Benjamin F. 297, 299, 326 Trajan 181 Trans Africa 752 Travaux Publics 451, 472, 593 Treaty of Basel 68, 85 Treaty of Ryswick 22, 7 88 Treital, Dr. 338, 339, 385 Trésor (bank) 248, 258 Trinitarios 178, 202 Triumph, H.M.S. 53 6 Trois Bandits," "les 225 Trois Rivières 99 Tropic, S.S. 263, 264, 280, 281 Tropical Storm Gordon 759, 7 63 Trou Bonbon 146 Trou Cayman 48 Trou du Nord 26, 45, 46, 52, 58, 92, 263, 265, 289, 290, 354,

358, 374, 434 Trouillot, Michel-Rolph 763 Troupe Folklorique 781 Troy, David 189, 191, 192 Trujillo, gunboat 550 Trujillo, Hector 533 Trujillo, Rafael Leónidas 475, 488, 491, 492, 498-502, 505, 507,

512, 522, 526, 528, 529, 546, 550, 551, 553, 565-567, 571, 574, 595, 596, 598, 609

Truman, Harry 633 Truxtun, Thomas 81 Tsar Alexander I of Russia 114, 155 Tuareg 24 Tubman, William 533 Turgeau 112, 233, 246, 272, 315, 329, 376, 389, 452, 457, 462,

540, 554, 610 Turkey 150 Turks Island (Turks and Caicos) 224, 227, 281, 682 Turnbull, Wallace 584 Turner, Thomas C. 441 Turnier, Auguste 374, 471 Turnier, Charles 374, 59 6 Umbría, navy ship 324, 347 UN - see United Nations UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural

Organization) 660, 675, 692 Unified Haitian Communist Party (PUCH) 718 Union Club 473 Union Intersyndicale d'Haïti 629 Union Nationale des Ouvriers Haïtiens 577 Union Patriotique 411, 423, 444-446, 449, 458, 461, 466, 478,

486, 492 United Democratic Front 514, 516

75

United Nations (UN) 521, 522, 532, 533, 552, 579, 5 8 0 , 600, 601, 609, 612, 615, 627, 657, 660, 680, 715, 729, 7 3 3 , 7 3 8 , 739, 741, 745-749, 752, 753, 761, 793, 794 UN Human Rights Monitors 753 UN Mission 761, 762, 793 UN Peacekeeping Force 748, 749 UN Resolution 794 UN Sanctions 748 UN Technical Assistance Program 612

United Negro College Finid 752 Universal Declaration of Human Rights 615 University of Haiti 612 Upper Artibonite 289, 432, 434, 440, 443 Uruguay 589, 631 U.S. AID (U.S. Agency for International Development) 588, 591,

594, 612, 633, 642, 759 U.S. Air Force 731 U.S. Army War College 751 U.S. Atlantic Fleet 299, 598 U.S. Atlantic Squadron 293 U.S. Coast Guard 509, 660, 665, 677, 680 U.S. Envoys - see Adams (Alvin) , Armour (Norman), Bailly-

Blanchard (Arthur) , Bassett (Ebenezer) , Davis (Beale) , Davis (Roy Tasco) , Douglass (Frederick) , Drew (Gerald) , Fuller (Paul), Furniss (H. W . ) , Gordon (George), H o l l i s t e r (Gideon) , Isham (Heywood) , Jones (William) , K n o x (Clinton) , Langston (John Mercer) , Lear (Tobias) , Mayer (Ferdinand) , Merrell (George R . ) , Newbegin (Robert), Peck (H. E . ) , Powell (William F . ) , Smith (Madison R. ) , Smythe (Henry M. ) , Stevens (Edward), Swing (William Lacy), Taylor (William), Terres, Thompson (John E. W . ) , Timmons (B. E. L. I l l ) , Whidden (Benjamin F . ) , White (John Campbell), Young (Charles)

U.S. Export-Import Bank 504, 509, 511, 520-522, 5 3 2 , 536, 587 U.S. House Appropriations Committee 751 U.S. Intervasion 754-756, 794 U.S. Justice Department 665 U.S. Marines 770, 791 U.S. Marine amphibious task force 754 U.S. Naval and Air Missions 301, 592 U.S. Sanitary Mission 553 U.S. State Department - see Foggy Bottom U.S.S. Experiment, ship 82 Ussher, Thomas R. 171, 180, 190, 208 Vaccine (rudimentary bamboo flute) 105, 115, 599 Vadier 58 Vaissière, Pierre de 29, 32 Valera, Don Pedro 159, 160 Vallès, Max 708-710 Vallière 227, 343, 354, 361, 434, 436, 548

Place Vallière 190 Vandegrift, Sunny Jim 412 Vanon, Timoleon 208

76

Vansittart 315, 786 Variety 618 Vasquez, Don José 12 8 Vasquez, Horacio 497 Vastey, Pompëe-Valentin, baron de 25, 26, 131, 153 Vatican 185, 210, 211, 508, 519, 584, 595, 610, 628, 686, 727,

740, 790 Vatican schism 209-211 Vaval, General 132 Vega 86, 140, 161 Venezuela 86, 149, 150, 155, 346, 535, 536, 551, 573, 579, 592,

602, 718, 721, 750, 793 Venezuelan Air Force 73 8 Venezuelan ambassador 73 8 Veracruz 370, 407, 408, 476 Vériquain 265, 266 Vérité, La 27 5 Vérité Su Tambu (sic) 67 6 Vernet/prince des Gonaïves 101, 102, 119, 126, 140 Verrettes 101, 115, 386, 483, 518, 533, 781 Versailles 17, 19, 23, 36, 37, 73, 185, 782 Verschueren 777 Vertieres 112, 113, 131, 176, 181, 534, 554, 623, 628, 638, 789 Vêvê 775, 782 Viard 90 Viau, Dr. Alfred 526, 604 Viau, Jacques 604, 632 Vichyites 508, 551 Victoire, Mine 302 Vidal, H.M.S. 535 Vienna 618

Congress of Vienna 147 Viet, de 127 Vieux, Alfred 517 Vieux Bourg d'Aquin 83 Vignes, de 273 Villa Manrèse 610 Villa Solitude 272 Villard, Dr. Elie 515, 576 Vi11are t-Joyeus e, Loui s-Thomas 97-99 Villatte 63-65, 67, 69, 70, 71, 115 Ville Bonheur 2 03 Villedrouin 342 Villedrouin, Gusle 605, 606 Villedrouin, Roger 605, 606 Villêle, comte de 155 Villevaleix, Séguy de 165, 171, 253 Vincent 374 Vincent, Colonel 83, 88, 91-93, 140, 154 Vincent, Jean-Marie 754 Vincent, Mlle Rézia 493, 505 Vincent, Nemours 378

77

Vincent, Stênio 320, 394, 420-422, 444, 445, 471-475, 478, 486, 487, 489-493, 495, 496, 498, 500-507, 517-519, 549, 550, 575, 586, 629, 791, 792 Vincent-Trujillo summits 498

Viñeta, S.M.S. 243 Virgil 8 Virgin Mary 767 Virgin Mary Party 7 63 Vital, Jean 270 Vixamar, Claude 667 VIengbendeng 785 Voegeli, Bishop C Alfred 524, 525, 555, 584, 633 Vogel, Colonel 474 Voldrogue, war steamer 218 Volontaires de la Sécurité Nationale - see Tonton Macoutes Voltaire 210, 254 Voodoo 1, 2, 5, 6, 24, 28, 42, 58, 111, 186, 187, 196, 197, 209-

211, 225, 245, 267, 279, 323, 327, 341, 345, 346, 386, 430, 434, 457, 484, 496, 497, 507, 522-526, 562, 570, 571, 573, 576, 582, 610, 627, 628, 664, 685, 698, 707, 710, 764-787 Animal sacrifice 776, 777, 780-782 Atonement 7 81 Desounen 7 81, 7 83 Drum baptismal 7 81 Human sacrifice 186, 202, 209, 777 Initiation 781 Kanzo 781 Lave Têt 781, 783 Manje Marasa 781 Manje Mo 7 81 Manje Yanm 781 Remè s iman 7 81 Supplication 781 Wete mô nan dio 7 83

Voodoo flags 782 Voodoo marriage 7 82 Voodoo pantheon 7 69, 77 0 Voodoo service 767, 771, 774, 779, 781-783 Voodoo wars 7 07, 7 64 Vorges, comte de 248, 251, 279 Vouillon 271 Voz Dominica, La 526, 567 VSN (Volontaires de la Sécurité Nationale) - see Tonton Macoutes Wadestrandt, Jacques 633 Waffen SS 572 Wainwright, Archer 454 Wake, Charles 218, 219, 235 Walker, W. M. 220, 235 Wallace, Henry 519 Wallace Mike 721 Waller,'Littleton W. T. 398, 406, 411-413, 415, 420, 424-426,

459, 460, 476-479

78

Walsh # Robert 198, 199 Walters, Barbara 651, 671 Wanga 111, 186, 196, 326, 484, 631, 657, 684, 784, 785 Wanga a mo 592, 631, 784, 785 War of the Spanish Succession 2 6 Warner, Thomas 15 Warren Commission 631 Warsaw 618 Warsaw Pact 589 Washington, George 35, 77, 149, 167, 181 Washington Office on Haiti 739, 761 Washington Post 631, 743, 750, 761 Washington Star 603, 613, 632, 633 Washington, U.S.S. 367-370, 375, 376, 381, 383, 384, 3 9 1 , 4 0 0 ,

404, 409 Wasp, U.S.S- 217 Waterloo 114 Watrin 115 Watt, Edmund, D. 471, 481, 487 Wattigny 71 Webster, Daniel 199 Weik, Père 241 Welles, Sumner 127, 128, 159, 429, 473, 479, 483, 491, 4 9 4 , 495,

499, 501, 505, 507-510, 550 Wellesley College 459 Wells, Clarke H. 440-442, 481 Werewolves 785, 786 Werleigh, Claudette 761, 762, 794 Wesleyan Missionary Committee 255 West Africa 767, 768 West Germany 609 West India Company 18 We te mô nan dlo 767 Wharf de Colombe 53 6 Wheeling, gunboat 3 69 Whidden, Benjamin F. 213, 215, 217, 234 White, Francis 549 White, John Campbell 506, 507, 512, 551 White, William Allen 402 White King of La Gonâve 457 Whitehall 68, 579 Whittier, John Greenleaf 116 Whyte, General 67 Wiener, Henri 545 Wiett, Ferdinand 469 Wilberforce, William 38, 141, 142, 154, 226 Wilentz, Amy ix

The Rainy Season ix Williams, Major A. S. 431-433, 440 Williams, W. H. 366, 388, 508, 657 Williamson, General Adam 61, 62, 64, 68-70 Wilson, Edmund 458, 522

79

Wilson, Orme 515, 552 Wilson Plan 3 62 Wilson, William 152 Wilson, Woodrow 362, 371, 372, 383, 385, 387, 395-397, 441, 442,

445, 459, 460, 465 Windward Passage 23, 28, 64, 75, 109, 213, 234, 272, 294, 546,

590 Wirkus, Faustin 457

White King of La Gonâve 457 Wise, Frederic M. 433, 435 Wolff-Ligondê, François 611, 625, 633, 675, 718, 733, 734 Woodcock, U.S.S. 487 Wooley, Lyonel 711 Woolley, Thomas 374 Wordsworth, William 110 World Bank 642, 645, 658, 671, 683 World War I 361, 371, 388, 426, 483, 484 World War II 394, 479, 508-510, 519, 523, 568 Workers and Agriculture Day 659 Wydah 7 68 Yantic, U.S.S. 230, 287 Yaws 452, 521, 533, 553 Yayou 105, 119, 131, 132, 134, 136 Year Ten 616, 617 Yellow Fever 64, 67, 69, 76, 94, 104, 105, 107, 108, 114, 116,

144, 253, 284, 304, 789 Yokohama Specie Bank 550 York, Duke of 142 Yorktown, U.S.S. 2 98 Yoruba 769 Young, Andrew 657, 660-662, 666 Young, Charles 315, 329, 376, 389, 551 Young, Thomas H. 509, 510, 551 Yucatan Straits 370 Zamor, Bussy 357, 366 Zamor, Charles 342-344, 347, 353, 354, 356-361, 366, 370, 374,

376, 377, 380, 383, 388, 399, 421, 426, 477-479 Zamor, Dugué 17 9, 180 Zamor, Mme 360, 361 Zamor, Oreste 334, 342-344, 353, 354, 356-361, 373, 374, 378,

431, 791 Zamorists 366, 367, 411, 432 Zamors 361, 362, 387, 388 Zars (of Ethiopia) 779 Zinglins 189-192, 194, 195, 197-199, 266, 319, 353, 566, 579 Zinglins, Les (student journal) 512, 513 Zobop 785, 786 Zohrab, James N. 276, 277, 281, 286-289, 292 Zombis 784-786

80