The vessel-master's and steamboat-captain's medical manual

THH ■

VESSEL-WINTER’S MEDIDAL MlAN):

FAMILY GUIDB.

THE

Vessel-Master’s and Steamboat-Caplin’sMEDICAL MANUAL

AND

FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE.BEING A SERIES OF SHORT AND PLAIN DUU5C-

TIONS FOR THE TREATMENT OF DISEASfH,AND THE ADMINISTRATION OF MEDF*

LINES ON BOARD VESSELS WHICHCARRY NO SURGEONS.

ALSO FOR TIIE USE OF THE

FAMILY AT HOME.THE WHOLE STRIPPED OK PROFESSIONAL TERMS, AN D

ADAPTED TO THE COMPREHENSION OF EVERYINTELLIGENT VESSEL-MASTER, AND ALL

WHO ARE FAMILIAR WITH THEENGLISH LANGUAGE.

Captain, would you have a good and faithful drew *

Feed them well, treat them well, work them well, paythem well, and carefor them when they are sick.

Show your interest in their comfort and welfare, andthey will show their interest in your success.

By FRANCIS C. MELVILLE, M.D.,PRACTITIONER OK MEDICINE AND SIKGEKY FOR 10KTY-8IX YEA ICS.

PHILADELP Iv™ iPrinted for the j^uMxsifBR.

i883 .

Copyright, by F. C. Mei/vii/le, 1883.

3

INTRODUCTION.

IT will not for one moment be supposed thatall the diseases to which humanity is heir

can be described, or even touched upon, in avolume of this size and character. Only suchcomplaints as are well marked and clearly de-fined, and the symptoms or signs of which pre-sent themselves most unmistakably to the senses,are here treated upon.

Every sailor in our merchant marine is taxed,and is expected to pay tribute to the support ofthe Marine Hospital system. And it is both hisprivilege and his duty, when overtaken by anycomplicated form of disease, to apply for andavail himself of the benefits of the hospital.And all honest and intelligent vessel-masters,when they find a case which baffles their skill,and for which no provision is made in thesepages, will promptly recommend the sailor tothe authorities of the Marine Hospital of theport next entered.

For the family,

this little book will be founda treasure of inestimable value. It is by nomeans intended to supersede the physician butto act as his pioneer and aid. How often doyou hear him complain, “Oh! if you had onlyknown the symptoms, and called me at an ear-lier period; but now it is too late!u This bookis intended to teach you , mother, the symp-toms of the diseases of childhood, and to enable

4 INTRODUCTION.you to apply remedies which are at hand beforethat “ too late ” period arrives. A mother saidto me to-day, after listening to the chapter on'■'■croup' 1'' in this book, “Oh! if I had onlyknown that, my precious darling would havebeen living to-day. But he died while his fatherwas gone for the' doctor.”If the signs mentioned in this book as indi-

cating a certain disease are wanting, and youare uncertain how to proceed, call the doctor atonce,

without a moment’s delay. If measles,scarlatina, variola, or any of the diseases ofchildhood, are prevalent in your neighborhood,and your child is uneasy and complaining,search at once for the signs of the disease, andadminister the remedy without delay. In thismanner many little lives may be saved, andmuch suffering and pain avoided.

5

PREFACE.

THIS little book, the result of many a day oftoil, has been prepared to meet a want

long known to exist in the area to which it isdevoted, the vessel-cabin and the family circle.

It has been prepared in compliance with therequests of hundreds of vessel-masters in al-most every port in the United States; and thewriter, after a vain attempt to engage moreeminent talent in the undertaking, has, with,fear and trembling, launched forth upon thetroubled waters himself.

The book is now given to the shipping inter-est of the country, and its happy family circles,for just what it is worth. If it has any value.the writer feels perfectly assured that theladies and gentlemen for whose benefit it hasbeen prepared have sufficient intelligence todiscover it, and sufficient candor to acknowl-edge it; if it has not, the sooner it dies and isburied beyond resurrection, and is forgotten.the better.

F. G. MELVILLE.

6

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.

THE Author takes great pleasure in ac-knowledging the valuable aid he has re-

ceived, in the preparation of the followingpages,from the works of Ashhurst, Aitkin, Bartholow,Biaithwaite, Bristowe, Carpenter, Cazeau,Ohristison, Clark, Cohen, Delafield, Dewees,Duuglison, Benj. Ellis, Geo. V. Ellis, Flint,Griesinger, Gross, Gunn, Griffith, Hamilton,Janeway, Jacobi, Morris Longstreth, Maxson,Miller, Neumann, Sargent, Stein, Tait, J.Thomas, II. C. Wood, AVood, Remington andSadtler and others ; and the Medical and Surgi-cal Journals of the day.

F. C. MELVILLE,No. 1620 Richmond St.,

Philadelphia.

CAUTION.

rpHE public is hereby notified that the pecu-,J_ liar arrangement of this book, the■symptoms of the disease on one column, andthe remedies on the other, of the same page,bringing both under the eye of the reader at thesame time, is a part of the copyright; and isunder the protection of the law in such casesmade and provided. F. C. M.

7

THE

AND STEAMBOAT-CAPTAIN’SMEDICAL MANUAL,

AND

FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE.

THE necessity of a carefully selected andwell filled medicine-chest on board every

vessel leaving an American seaport lias longsince been recognized by all who are interestedin the welfare and success of our MerchantMarine.

As men everywhere are liable to sudden at-tacks of disease, in its various forms, as oftenon the sea as on the land, it becomes absolutelyindispensable that some one present should beable to form a tolerably clear conception of thecharacter of the attack, and of the means requi-site to successfully combat it.

This little book is intended to furnish this in-formation, and to enable the master to form,from the symptoms present, a pretty accurateidea of the disease, and to select from his medi-cine-chest the proper remedy to effect a promptand thorough cure.

flvery well regulated medicine-chest shouldbe supplied with a pair of small accurate scales—-which must be kept scrupulously clean—and aset of weights running from one-half grain totwo ounces; a one ounce graduating glass, aminim glass for measuring drops, and threeor four spatulas of different sizes.

8 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALThus equipped, the captain is capable of being

his own druggist, as he is, after mastering thecontents of the following pages, of being hisown physician.

THE ADULTERATION OF FOOD.There is no country on the face of the earth,

where more stringent laws against the adulter-ation of foo l, exist than ours; and there is nonewhere the laws are so completely a “dead let-ter.” Every article which we eat, that is capa-ble of adulteration, is adulterated. Flour, sugar,tea, coffee, spices, bread, cake, confectionery,ice cream, milk, butter, cheese, in fact almosteverything, is subject to adulteration, by menin their greedy haste to accumulate riches. Thelaborer, who on Saturday night goes to thegrocery, and purchases his twenty-five poundbag of flour, for a dollar'actually gets eighteenor nineteen pounds of flour, and six or sevenpounds of gypsum, ground plaster, or pulverizedstone. lie takes it home, and his poor over-worked wife attempts to make eatable anddigestible bread of it. Of course the attemptends in a, failure. She knows something isthe matter with the flour, but what she can-not tell. And a chemical analysis is a luxuryfar beyond her reach. In every city there shouldbe a public chemist, paid by the city, whosebusiness should be to analyze any article of foodon which suspicion rests, whenever called uponby a magistrate to do so. And the penalty foradulteration should be both sure and swift.The following is a simple, but certain methodof detecting adulteration in flour. Take a glasstube six inches long by one-half inch diameter.

AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 9

fill it half full of the suspected flour, and put ina teaspoonful of chloroform, and shake itup well for a few moments ; then set it away tosettle. The flour will rise to the top with thechloroform, and the adulterant will fall to the-bottom and remain.

WHAT DO YOU TAKE MEDICINEFOR ?

How many people are there in this country,even among those who consider themselves“educated,” who can give a lucid and intelli-gent answer to this question ? To most persons,the young especially, the doctrines of regularityof habit, sanitary discipline, and a careful in-spection of natural and artificial surroundings,are a sealed book.

To this class of people medicine is not anerudite science or a learned art, but it is littlemore than the commonplace administration ofphysic. They cannot understand medicinewithout drugs, and its virtue and power arepopularly measured by the violence of its oper-ations. Its very name is in ordinary parlancesynonymous with physic. Take from it its pillsand potions, and for them you take away itswhole art and mystery. They do not believe ina scheme of treatment, however deep-laid addskillful, which does not include a certain statu-tory dosage. So that, as a rule, medical menare practically compelled to give their patientsa visible object of faith in some form of physic,which may be at most designed to effect somevery subordinate purpose. And it is remarka-ble how strongly even among the educated classesthis feeling prevails. Cure by the administra-

10 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALtion of mixtures and boluses is so fixed and an-cient a tradition that it is only very slowly thatthe world will give it up. The anxiety of thefriends of the patient wants to do more thanfollow the simple directions of “nursing,” whichhave been so carefully inculcated, and possessapparently so little remedial power. There isnothing of the unknown about them in whicha fluttering hope of great advantage can nestle.Thus it is necessary to educate the world into abelief in medicine apart from drugs, which findsits power of curing in adaptations of the com-mon conditions of life and applications of phy-siological facts—a medicine which takes into itshands the whole life, and orders and fashionsits every detail with scientific definiteness. Itis found in every-day practice that this popularmisunderstanding of the modern spirit of medi-cine constantly checks the little tentative ad-vances of a more scientific treatment, and it isnecessary that it should be generally under-stood how powerfully the various processes ofthe economy may be affected by the manipula-tion of the conditions of common life.

THE NEW THEORY OF DISEASE.The old and popular doctrine, conceived and

cradled in medical ignorance, that “ all diseasehas its oi'igin in impurity of the blood,” is aboutto be relegated to the shades of oblivion. Thetheory that all, or nearly all diseases are due togerms, is fast dislodging in the minds of specu-lative physicians the more ancient idea, and es-tablishing the premise that all disease is nothingmore nor less than a struggle for existence be-tween the animal organism, in part or as a whole


on the one side, and an invading army of para-sites striving for its destruction on the other.

Close and long continued observation haselicited the probability that the diseases so oftenattributed to external violence, improper food,careless treatment, poisons and atmospheric andmiasmic influences are produced far less fre-quently by these causes, than by the attacks onthe system by the swarms of parasites. The ma-jority of these parasites are accredited to thevegetable kingdom, and but very few are knownto be of animal organism. These vegetableparasites belong to the order known as “bac-teria,” and are the lowest form of fungi. Theyare divided into three classes, the rod-shaped,which are called bacilla; the glanular, calledmicrococci; and the screw-shaped, known asspirilla. They are all around us; the air webreathe, the water we drink, the perfumes weinhale, are teeming with these invisible formsof minute life, and are momentarily finding alodgment in some part of the delicate organismof the human system. They are deposited onevery object exposed to atmospheric influences;and although not readily recognized even by theuse of the microscope in a dry state, the fact oftheir existence soon proclaims itself by theirtremendous power of multiplication.

“

In acongenial soil each individual bacterium in-creases and divides into two young bacteriumswithin the space of one hour ! And the entireprogeny continue the prolific work of their ances-tors. At this rate a single germ, if not deprivedof ample means of living, will produce an aston-ishing number within twenty-four hours. Dur-ing their growth they live exclusively on fluid

VESSEL-MASTEK’S MEDICAL MANUAL12substances ; and the decomposition of all organicsubstances is due to their presence. Withoutthem there could be no putrefaction. Letit be distinctly understood, however, that thebacteria of putrefaction are not necessarilyidentical with the bacteria of disease. Each dis-ease has its especial parasite, and cannot beproduced by any other species. Hence it is thatdecaying matter may or may not contain diseaseproducing germs, most of which appear to re-quire a special soil for its growth. The parasitewhich will flourish and multiply on a diet ofdead blood will die at once on being introducedinto living- blood. Still these agents of corrup-tion may cause endless trouble,and grave con-sequence when introduced in live blood in anyquantity.

Experiments made under the most favorablecircumstances demonstrate that many of thediseases of man are clearly traceable to bacterialorigin. Among these may be mentioned,“Malignant pestule,” the parasite in whichdisorder consists of minute rods, which re-peat their germination under favorable circum-stances. Consumption has lately been addedto the list of unquestionably bacterial origin.Here, also, the rod-shaped bacillus has beenfound to be the inseparable companion of thedisease; and which none of the animals experi-mented upon could withstand. RelapsingFever is another disease definitely proved toowe its origin directly to the presence of bacteria.Abscesses also depend upon the same source.The entire class of Contagious diseases is rea-sonably suspected to be caused by bacteria,though positive proof of the fact may yet be


lacking. Many diseases not considered conta-gious, sucli as Bright’s disease, Pneumonia, Mye-litis, and others have long ago been found to heassociated with parasites; why they are, andwhat part the parasite plays, is yet uncertain.

There is little or no doubt that disease-pro-ducing germs enter the body by way of thelungs ; and the reason why all who are alikeexposed are not alike affected may be found inthe amount of resistance which each individualopposes to the attack of the invader. But whya person who has once had a contagious diseaseis not likely to be similarly afflicted a secondtime is still shrouded in mystery. If the cellshave proved unable to withstand the parasiti-cal ravages once, why should they resist asecond attack ? Such, however, is the generalalthough not the universal fact.

The most patient and faithful experimentsprove that each kind of disease-producing germmay be cultivated in an enfeebled form, and betransformed into vaccine virus ; and we maytherefore look forward to the time when it willbe possible to vaccinate against all diseases inwhich one attack guarantees immunity againstanother. The most direct and immediate out-come of the germ theory is the ability whichit will give us to act more intelligently in limiting the progress of contagious diseases. Know-ing the nature of the poison emanating, andbeing familiar with the modes of its distribu-tion through nature, we shall be able to preventit from spreading to others, and thus spare thema personal struggle with the myriad hosts of theparasite.

This is the sum and substance of the new

14 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALtheory, as enunciated by M. Pasteur, and astaught by his followers in Europe and America.I need not refer to the difficulties which sur-round it, nor will I ask wherein it is superiorto tlie present theory and practice in use amongall intelligent physicians. We will only say,Gentlemen, go on ; prove that every disease iscaused by a particular parasite : bring theseparasites fully within our reach; and then in-struct us how to destroy them, without also de-stroying the human system on which they feed.

ELECTRICITY: GALVANIC ORVOLTAIC BELTS.

The action of electricity in the treatment ofdiseases, or as a therapeutic agent, is to a verygreat extent, at present, an unknown quantity.The term is derived from the Greek word“Amber,” the substance in which it was firstnoticed. It is used in medicine as an excitant.It has been occasionally employed with somesuccess in cases of partial or complete paralysis,rheumatism, accidental deafness, amenorrlicea,and other diseases of a like nature. It is, how-ever, at best, uncertain, and is not much usedexcept in experimenting, and the cases are byno means clear in which it could be of any pos-sible service. It may be communicated invarious wrays, according to the wishes of theoperator, but its action can never be dependedupon with any degree of certainty ; and veryfew of the regular physicians in this countrycount it in the armory of their weapons ofwarfare with the hosts of diseases which theyare called upon to battle. It is a somewhat sin-gular but unfortunate fact, that nearly all of the


many electrical appliances for the alleged cure ofdisease, with which the country is Hooded, arecoached and championed by a set of the mostignorant and unblushingly shameless quacks andcharlatans that the sun ever shone upon. Menwhose ignorance and effrontery would everlast-ingly disgrace the profession of a Mexican muledriver, and who, even in childhood, never pos-sessed the faintest glimmerings of commonsense, will boldly step out before the public, andproclaim cures by their electric belts and otherappliances, that would bring a blush to the faceof the angel who troubled the water of the poolof Bethesda, and lead him to the belief that hewas a tyro in the healing art. There arehordes of these harpies in almost every city inthe Union, who have become rich by their impo-sitions upon the credulity of the suffering, andwho have never given one particle of benefit forthe many thousands of dollars which they havefleeced from the unwary and confiding.

Some two years since a friend of the writerhaving suffered for months with troubles whichthe Voltaic Belt was warranted to cure, he wasinduced to send to Marshall, Mich., and procurea belt. At the same time the writer, desiring tobe able to judge something of the character of thealleged inventor of the belt, wrote him a letter,describing a bona-fide case, and asking his ad-vice, in relation to the use of the “Voltaic Belt.”

The following is the answer to the letter,verbatim et literatim. We preserve it as a lit-erary curiosity:

Dear Sir : Your faver of the 3d containing the let-ter of the Gent from Camden N. J. I have earfullylook it over to see if it would be advisable to try to do

16 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALanything for him he undoubtedly has a severe trub-ble with the spinal cord whare he complains of thesevere pain and it is hard to tell wether that is the lo-cality of the lesion that would result so seriously toParalise the bladder as that organ issuplyed with nervsfrom the spinal colm as well as a branch from thenewmogastric nerve and if the latter should be theseat of trubble it would require the application to bemade down low on the abdomen I would say to him inall Cander that paralasis is the disease that electricitywill most certainly reach and in his case I would sug-gest a Band a Spinal application also one somethingafter the form of the chest protect only worn down lowover the region of the bladder and he had best take tenor twelve drops of the Fluid Ext Nux Vomica threetimesafter each meal and the Two togather will i think Curethe worst case it is true the age of the pataent is againsthim least the Gentleman should think that the advisebe tinctd with Quackery let him consult some otherphysician in regard to the advice i am not so well poston the exact lolacton of diseasiss of the nervus sistemso as to tell the affect on certain localities and myauthors differ very much regarding it and our Profes-sors are but Students as yet in regard to the nervs andthe piculiarity They hav on Certin diseasis.”

“ Very Trooly Yours.”“A. M. Dye.”

Every thoroughbred chemist knows full wellthat all fluid extracts represent their full weightof the drug in its natural state: Thus, ten ortwelve drops of the Fluid Ext. of Nux Vomicarepresent the same number of grains of thedrug, “Stryclmos Nux Vomica.” And everyintelligent physician knows full well that one-half of the dose recommended by this vandal inhis letter, would kill the strongest man that everinhabited this earth.

It is an easy matter to overlook the terrible


manner in which this barbarian lias murderedand mangled the English language, for he maynever have enjoyed any means of intellectualimprovement : We may also pass unrebuked,his impositions on the public of an article soutterly worthless, as his “Voltaic Belt,” as noone can be imposed upon in a matter of thiskind, without his own consent. But when anignoramus, without brains or conscience, withneither the fear of God nor man before his eyes,comes before the public, and assuming the titleof “Doctor,” prescribes a dose of the most ac-tive and virulent poison to an aged invalid,which would be sufficient to kill a horse, thesooner the country is informed of his murder-ous practices the better, that he may be avoidedas he deserves.

Let every person who thinks he needs anElectric, Galvanic, or Voltaic Belt, or otherelectric apparatus, consult his family physician.In a wr ord electricity like any other medicalagent should only be applied, under the direc-tion of a competent physician.

ABSCESS OF THEPHARYNX.

The pharynx servesas a common organ forthe digestive and re-spiratory passages. Itgives passage to the airin breathing; and tothe food in swallowing.A mass of pus collectsin the tissues back ofthe pharyngeal walland

REMEDIES.As soon as there is

sufficient reason to be-lieve that an abscess isforming, measuresmust be promptly takento evacuate the pus.For this purpose, anopening may be madein the abscess which canbe readily observed byan examination of the

18 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALforms an abscess.Signs. — Restlessness;fever; chills; sleepless-ness; and frequentlyin infants, convulsions;difficulty in swallowing;short breath; swellingof the neck ; tremblingunder the jaw; painupon any sudden mo-tion of the head; andafter the abscess breaks,as it sometimes does,and discharges into thethroat, a constant de-sire to eject the pusfrom the throat, bywhat is termed“hawking-.” Deathsometimes follows fromchoking; or from thesupply of air being cutoff from the lungs; orfrom “ SuspendedAnimation,” pro-duced by the non-con-version of the venousblood of the lungs intoarterial blood. As-phyxia. Blood pois-oning may be feared.

back of the throatthrough the mouth.Remove all you can,and watch it carefully ;gargle the throat withcreosote two drops,glycerine two drams,and water half pintevery hour or two. Ortake carbolic acid twograins, tinct. arnicafour drams; dilutecamphor water eightounces, mix, and shakewell together, and useas a gargle every twohours. Take dextro-quinine one dram, hy-drobromic (sol.) acidhalf fluid dram, syrupof ginger half fluidounce, and three quar-ters of an ounce ofwater, give a dessert-spoonful four times aday. Give a good nour-ish in g diet, withbiandy; whiskey; milkpunch ; champagne ;and general stimulants.Keep the patient’s roomwell ventilated, and aneven temperature.

Any of Dr. Melville’s Remedies will be sent to ves-sels when ordered by mail, C. O. D.

AM> FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 19

ADDISON’S DIS-EASE ;

Or “ brown skin ; ”

caused by a decayingof the red corpuscles ofthe blood; privation ofblood; opposite condi-tion of plethora.Signs. — The patientfinds himself graduallygrowing weak and de-bilitated without anysufficient reason; theheart’s action becomesweak ; faintness ; pal-pitation of the heart;disturbance of thestomach ; vomiting ;alternate constipationa n d diarrhoea ; pro-longed spells of loss ofsensation and power ofmotion ; then a gradualbrowning of the skin offace, neck and hands,is observed; then in thegroins, about the navel,and sexual organs;the color varies from afaint yellow to a verydark brown ; althoughthe patient loses hisappetite there is rarelya visible loss of flesh;the mind sometimes be-comes cloudy, and

REMEDIES.These, if we hope for

success, must be early,prompt, and energetic ;

active, vigorous exer-cise in the open air;change of scene andclimate, to a higherlevel, and a more rare-tied atmosphere ; tepidor warm baths at first,gradually changing tocold, daily; perfect reg-ularity of habits ; earlyrising and early retir-ing ; cheerful companyand amusing books ;no tobacco; no ex-citement. Give a fulland generous diet;“ Warner’s Syrup of thePhosphates,” dessert-spoonful three times aday; sesqui-chloride ofiron fifteen drops twoor three times a day;or ten grains of dextro-quinine with one twen-tieth of a grain ofstrychnia two timesa day. Avoid fatigue ;rest; in cases wherechange of climate isimpracticable, daily useof the galvanic battery,from fifteen to twenty

20 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALsometimes remains per-fectly lucid to the last;deatli ensues from gen-eral debility, commenc-ing in extreme drowsi-ness.

minutes at a time, twicea day, is recommended.Treat each condition asit develops itself.

ANEURISM.By the term aneur-

ism is generally under-stood a tumor causedby the enlargement ofan artery. But it hasbeen extended to va-rious lesions of arteries,as well as to the dilata-tions of the heart.Signs—Will dependmaterially upon the lo-cation of the tumor: ifthat be situated on thechief artery (aorta),very marked physicalsigns may be absent.But when locatedwhere it most frequent-ly occurs it usually pro-duce s characteristicindications. W e a k -

ness; shortness o fbreath ; disturbance ofvision ; vomiting verydifficult of control; hic-cough ; obstinate'cough; pulse irregularand snappy; often in-

REMEDIES.Place the patient in a

slightly darkened roomwith a moistened at-mosphere of 60°F.; givehim perfect rest bothphysical and mental;keep him in a recum-bent position as muchaspossible; avoid every-thing which increasesthe action of the heart;give a full nutritiousdiet; juicy roast andbroiled steaks and chopsof beef and mutton;drink as little as possi-ble of anything. Applybelladonna plasters overthe seat of the pain ; orice-bags may be placedthere, and, continuedfor some length of time,may neutralize thepain; give iodide ofpotassium ten grains totwenty twice a day; orhypophosphite, dessert-spoonful three times a

AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDEcreasing to 110 per min-ute, and decreasing to40; tongue of a dry,parched brown color;partial loss of voice;extreme fluctuation ofthe heart, and louderand more audible beat-ing of that organ; gan-grene ; death.

day. Some physiciansrestrict the diet to asmall quantity of breadand milk, and a modi-cum of port wine. Ihave found a full gene-rous diet much morebeneficial. Do not givehypodermic injections,nor morphia in anyform.

angina pec-toris.

“ Breast Pang-; ”

“Neuralgia of theHeart.”

This disease is gener-ally inherited, thoughsometimes it is due tomental excitement;overtaxing of the pow-ei's; draughts of coldair; hysteria; acutemania. Signs.—Sud-den pain in the regionof the left breast andarm ; sense of suffoca-tion ; extreme pallor;cold sweat; sense ofbinding about theheart ; the pulse issmall, fluttering andirregular, sometimesnearly ceasing entirely;tongue swollen, fur-

REMEDIESMust be applied withthe utmost promptness,or they will be too late.As soon as the attackmakes its appearance,promptly use suchstimulants as may be athand ; brandy ; whis-key; ethereal tincturesof various kinds; digi-talis, one drop in anounce of water, divideinto four parts andgive one every fiveminutes; give “Fow-ler’s Solution of Arsenic,” commence withthree or four drops as adose and increase to ten,three times a day.Give iron and strych-nia: five grainsdyalizediron and one-twentieth.

22 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALrowed, and of a dirtygray color; the heart’saction is weak andvacillating. Death.

grain of strychnia threetimesa day for a month.Use no tobacco, andavoid excitement.

REMEDY.

First, evacuate thebowels with a full closeof Melville’s MagicLiver Powder. Thenproduce sleep by theuse of bromide of po-tassium, in 25 graindoses four times a day,dissolved in a gill ofwater; or laudanum in15 drop doses everythree hours until sixtydrops are taken. Pro-duce sleep. Tincturecapsicum (mild) in tenor fifteen drop doses ina wineglass full ofwater. Tincture fox-glove, twenty drops inwineglass of water,every two hours untilsleep.

ALCOHOLISM.(Delirium Trem-

ens.)—Many seamenwhile on shore indulgein prolonged sprees ofdrinking and carous-ing, and then “ship tosober up.” Conse-quently, before theylose sight of land, de-lirium tremens ap-pears. And Jack mustbe treated for it. Thesignsare: Restlessness,twitching of the mus-cles ; dizziness; suddenHashes before the eyes;till sorts of strange anddisordered imaginings;tongue dry and coated,at times, and frothingat others; pulse hard,quick and irregular;varying from 100 to 140per minute; face flushedand head hot.

All the “ Melville Remedies ” can be obtained at theoffice of F. 0. Melville, Physician and Surgeon, No.1020 Richmond street, Philadelphia, (take red car onSecond and Thirdstreets line,) and ships’ medicine-chestswill be filled with fresh medicines at short notice.


ASTHMA.Signs. — Spasms of

the muscles of thethroat; short and hardbreathing; “cog-wheel”or jerking inhalations;wildness of the eyes;pulse from 75 to 100 perminute; tongue gener-ally coated with whitishfuzz; choking andwheezing.

REMEDY.Give mixture of

tincture lobelia andgoose oil in teaspoonfuldoses every twentyminutes until vomitingis produced. Injectunder the skin in backof the neck grainsulphate of atropia.Drink but little at mealtimes. Diet light.

Note. —One of the finest remedies known for Asthma,perhaps the very best, is the ethereal tincture of lo-belia. It can be found, or prepared at any drug store ;and is a very prompt and efficient remedy. I have suc-ceeded with it when all other remedies have failed;and in fifteen minutes have restored cases which werethought to be fatal. Dose: Teaspoonful every fifteenminutes until vomiting is produced.BARBER’S ITCH.

(Tetter.) (SaltRheum.)

There are severalvarieties of this disease,some of which are ex-ceedingly troublesometo subdue. The dry,scaly variety, whichwe sometimes contractin the barber’s shop,and which exhibits it-self in intense itching,stinging, and burning

REMEDY.For simple “barber’s

itcli,” wash the headand face well withwarm water, intowhich put one dram ofpulverized borax. Thenapply the followingsalve: Unsalted butterfour ounces; red oxideof mercury (red pre-cipitate) three drams;Venice turpentine, oneounce. Mix well, andapply once aday. (War-

24 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALon the scalp, and amongthe whiskers and beard,if taken in time iseasily managed. Thepustulous, which ap-pears in pustules andspreads over the personin the form of sores, ismore serious, and themiliary appears on thebreast and about thegroins and scrotum.Corroding tetter, orsalt rheum, is thatwatery species withwhich children aresometimes affected.

ranted to cure any tet-ter in the world.) Forsalt rheum: Open thebowels, purify the bloodwith tincts. of yellowdock root, yellow paril-la, and syrup of sassa-fras,of each two ounces,iodide of potassiumone and one-half dram,shake well together andtake dessertspoonfulfour to six times a day.Frequent bathings assoon as the skin canbear it.

BITES.See Snake Bites andInsect Bites, p. 112.

REMEDY.Attention to ventila-

tion ; cool drinks; iceto the head: cold hath,and give full teaspoonof Melville’s LiverPowder. After fulloperation, check vom-iting with ice, creosotetwo drops in water;give ten grains quinineevery two hours ; givea nourishing diet and

BILIOUS FEVER(Remittent.)

S i g- ii s. — Nausea ;sickness at the stomach;vomiting; headache ;

dizziness; pains in allparts of the body ; gen-eral languor ; chills;

All the “Melville Remediesoffice of F. C. Melville, Physi

ies ” can be obtained at theysician and Surgeon, No.

1620 Richmond street, Philadelphia, (take red car onSecond and Third streets line,) and ships’ medicinetdiests filled with fresh medicines at short notice.


hot stage ; skin dry andburning ; face flushed;intense pain in theback, loins and limbs ;

constant vomiting ofstringy mucus, of agreen tinge; tonguecoated with coffee-col-ored fuzz; pulse from75 to 140 per minute;lips parched; terribleand constant thirst,etc.

plenty of stimulants, asmilk-punch, port wine,cool lemonade with alittle whiskey in it, etc.

BILIOUSNESS.Signs.—Yellow ap-

pearance of the skin,and whites of the eyes ;pains in the back andloins; dizziness, par-;ticularly when stoopingover; tongue coffee-colored ; pulse increas-ing and irregular; urinehighly colored withbile ; jaundice appear-ance; and sometimespain in one or bothshoulders.Biles or Boils See

“ Sores,” p. 114.

REMEDY.Give full dose of Mel-

ville’s Magic LiverPowder, and repeat inthree or four days. Thisin nine out of ten caseswill produce a perma-nent cure. Stop drink-ing coffee and take afew doses before retiring for the night ofWarner’s PodophyllinPills ; two is a dose.

REMEDY.Kernove the cause if

possible; raise the headand put ice to the tem-ples ; hot mustard footbath, and open thebowels with full dose

BRAIN TROU-BLES.

Signs .—Pain inhead; sense of fullness;

26 VESSEL-MASTER'S MEDICAL MANUALheat or heaviness;swimming in the head ;redness in face ; loss ofmemory; drowsiness byday and wakefulnessat night; deafness;twitching of the mus-cles; unsteady gait; allof which are increasedafter a full meal, andwhen lying down ; dis-turbed sleep and terri-fying dreams.

Bowel Complaint—See Diarriicea and

Dysentery.

of Melville’s LiverPowder; give a lightvegetable diet; bro-mide of potassium in25 grain doses in gillof water twice eachday. In severe cases,absolute quiet; inothers gentle exercisein open air and verylight suppers.

BRIGHT’S DIS-EASE (Renal ab-

scess).Sig'ns.—(A whole

volume could easily bewritten upon this sub-ject, but only sufficientwill be said to enablethe reader to detect thedisease.) A dull heavypain in the regions ofthe kidneys and loins;difficulty of passingwater; brick dust orslimy sediment afterthe water has stooda while; color of theurine dark, reddish, or

REMEDIES.Put six wet cups over

the kidneys, and giveten drops of tinctureof foxglove in a glassof warm water everytwo hours; hot baththree or four nights insuccession; diet of milk;keep warm and stayunder shelter untilsevere symptoms arepast.

N. B.~—I will furnisha remedy for this dis-ease if applied to whilein its first stages, whichI will warrant in every


brown, and a greatdeal less of it than inhealth; a soft flabbyswelling of the face andfeet is generally noticedearly in the disease;loss of appetite; sick-ness at the stomach;vomiting; headacheand generaldisturbanceof the mind ; tonguecoated ; and pulse vari-able and unsteady.

instance to produce aprompt and sure cure.It is not unpleasant tothe taste, and harmon-izes generally withmost stomachs. Apackage which will lastthirty days will be sentto any address for $5.00with full directions.

BRONCHITIS.

Inflammation of theGlands of the

Throat.Signs. — Chilliness ;

pain in the back and inthe feet and legs ; head-ache; sore throat; slighthoarseness; tightnessin the chest ; short drycough; sometimesstreaked with blood;some fever; shortbreath, and occasionalnight sweats. Thetongue is coated withbrown matter and some-times with gray; pulsealternating from 45 to100 beats per minute.When the disease has

REMEDIES.Always evacuate the

bowels with a full doseof Melville’s MagicLiver Powder. Afteroperation, give tengrains of Dover’s Pow-der at night; warmdrink; or give fifteengrains of quinine inglass warm peppermintwater. For children givesyrup of lobelia andgoose oil in teaspoonfuldoses until vomiting isproduced. Nutritiousdiet, with some goodtonic, as “'Melville’sElixir of Life.” Tea-spoonful half hour be-fore each meal. Thechronic form requires

28 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALexisted for some time(become chronic) thedischarges are oftendeep green in color,and very offensive tothe smell.

i careful protection fromi the weather; nutritiousj diet; no stimulation;| counter irritation and

1 hot baths.

BUBO.There are several

kinds of Bubo. Withthe sympathetic Bubo,we will not meddle inthis article; but willconiine our attentionsolely to the syph-ilitic species; thatwhich arises from syph-ilitic or gonorrhoeal dis-ease.

Signs.—Swelling inthe groin; sometimeson one side only, some-times on both. Stiff-ness of the legs whenwalking; the swellinghard, and exhibitingthe appearance of anapproaching boil;greatinflammation and in-creasing so reness; pu lsequick and irregular,and tongue coated.After a day or two,continual throbbing isnoticed in the parts.

REMEDY.This is one of the

worst and most difficultdiseases to handle thatever comes under theobservation of the phy-sician, and the mostprompt and energeticmeans must be used.

Paint with Iodined o n 1) 1 e strength ;

and a brisk cathartic,“ Melville’sLiver Pow-der ” if at hand; if not,some good catharticpills, Repeat the iodineand cathartic untilswelling subsides; thengive iodide of potas-sium in ten grain doses(in £ gill of water)twice a day. Shouldthis fail, poultice withflaxseed and slipperyelm bark, draw to ahead, lance on the un-der side and injectsulph. zinc two grainsin i pint of water.


BURNS ANDSCALDS.

These may be con-tracted in an almostendless variety of ways;and may be more orless severe according tocircumstances. Butthey must never heneglected; promptand effectual remediesmust at once be applied,and thereby a world ofpain, suffering, andperhaps loss of valua-ble time may beavoided. If the* skinis not broken, alwaystry to avoid that result,as an exposure to theatmosphere always in-creases the pain in atenfold ratio.

REMEDIES.The cook or steward

of every vessel has al-ways at hand a supplyof bi-carbonate ofsoda or common bakingsoda; sprinkle thisplentifully over the sur-face of tiie burned orscalded skin, and wrapin a damp towel orother cloth, to protectit from the air. Use“Melville’s Burn andScald Remedy,” withwhich every medicine-chest should be sup-plied. In the absenceof these, use flour andsweet oil, and wrap theburned part in rawcotton.

CALCULI.(Stone in the Blad-

der. )The pain caused by

the passage of a stonealong the water pas-sage will be more orless severe according toits size. A colickypain usually follows;then comes severe painin the loins, thighs, and

REMEDY.First, give a smart

purge and follow upwith warm baths, hotas may be borne, orhot poultices to theloins. Give an injection by the anus ofthirty drops of laudanum in half pint oftepid water. Fluid extract of hydrangea,

VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALthirty drops in gill ofwater every threehours. Let the diet beof skimmed milk, stalebread and no stimu-lants. No acids, asvinegar, pickles,etc. No fat meats,cheese, or other in-digestibles.

testicles, and into thebladder. The urine isscanty, sometimesstreaked with blood,and sometimes stopsaltogether. Then fol-lows thirst, sickness atstomach; vomiting;faintness; alternatechills and sweats. Theurine when cold and“ settled ” shows a sed-iment very much like“brick-dust.” In oneword, this is the firststage of “ Bright’s dis-ease ” spoken of before.

REMEDY.This disease is easily

subdued if taken intime. On its first ap-pearance give twentygrains of quinine instiff glass of hot gintoddy; follow withhot bath, hot as can beborne on going to bed.If this does not breakit up, then give hotteas in large quanti-ties; tincture aconitein quarter drop dosesevery hour for fourhours; and ten or fif-

CATARRH(Of the Head.)

There are many kindsof Catarrh. We shallspeak only of that ofthe head.

Sign s. W henacute: tired feeling;chilliness ; loss of ap-petite ; disposition tosneeze ; discharge fromnose; singing in ears;eyes watering; and pos-sibly sore throat; later,discharge from nosefetid and stinks ; offen-sive breath; person can

AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE.smell himself; finally,total destruction of thelining membrane of thenose; complete changeof voice—and perhapspulmonary consump-tion.

teen grains of Dover’sPowder at bedtime.Give a good nutritiousdiet, and no stimulantswhatever. Avoid ex>posure, and keep warm.

CHICKEN POX.(Varicella.)

Signs . —Headacheand slight cough ; afterwhich in twenty-fouror thirty-six hours ap-pears a few bright redblotches or spots, aboutthe size of a small fivecent piece; they varyin size and are irregularin shape; after twenty-four hours they growdarker and form irreg-ular circles; they ap-pear generally upon theneck and shoulders,seldom upon the face.After the fifth day ascab forms, which issoft and crumbly; thereare no pits or marksremaining after thedisease is past, andmany think it is notcontagious. Few everhave it more thanonce.

REMEDY.Remain alone for a

few days. Open thebowels with some briskcathartic, say Melville’sLiver Powder, or theordinary cathartic pills*If there is much fever,give drinks of fresl*lemonade or citric acid,ten grains in fourounces of water, asoften as the patientcraves it. Above allthings, do not allow thepatient to scratch him-self, as scars may be

I made which will require| years to outgrow. (livea light nutritious diet,while the disease is inprogress,and some goodtonic during recovery.“Melville’s Elixir ofLife,” or “ Huxham’sTincture of Bark.”

32 VESSEL-MASTEE’S MEDICAL MANUALCHILLS AND FE-

VER.(Rigours.)

Fever and Ague, Malarial Fever; MalarialPoisoning.

Signs.—Chill stage:headache; languor; lossof appetite ; cold sensa-tion in limbs and creep-ing along the back;chattering of teeth;shivering of frame;fingers and lips blue;features pale andpinched; tongue clean,pale, moist and cool;severe thirst; pulse ir-regular and much in-creased. Fever stage:skin becomes hot anddry ; face flushed; eyessparkling; intensethirst; the pulse nowbecomes strong andfull, and the tonguewhite ; throbbing tem-ple and sometimes de-lirium. Sweat breaksout; first on the fore-head, then on the body;patient falls asleep anddreams he is well. Buthe is not.

REMEDY.In the chill stage, put

the patient in bed, andkeep him well coveredwith blankets; givehot drinks and tengrains of Dover Powder at night and a cupof warm tea. If vomiting, give an emetic ofthree grains of snlph.zinc in half pint warmwater. Give ten grainsof quinine and one-third of a grain of mor-phia every twelve hoursin a gill of water. Fol-low up the quiniatreatment for severaldays after the acutesymptoms cease.

N. B.—I will furnisha remedy which willbe warranted to breakup and utterly destroythe chills and fever forfive dollars. In allcases, leave the ma-larial district assoon as possible.

Any of Dr. Melville’s Remedies will be sent to vesselswhen ordered by mail, C. 0. D,


CHOLERA,

(Asiatic.)(There are many

kinds of cholera. Weshall only notice three,Asiatic Cholera, Chol-era Morbus and Chol-era Infantum.) Asi-atic Cholera: Signs.—This disease generallycommences with diar-rhoea and griping pains;trembling; chilliness;great feebleness; paleand languid expressionof the face, and sore-ness of the bowels; con-stant purging; dis-charges color of rice-water ; cramps andvomiting; tonguewhite, puttyish andcold; pulse feeble andirregular, and in verybad cases, none at ailperceptible; coldsweats; clouded vision;increasing cramps;anxiety; apathy; stu-por deep delirioussleep; and unless ar-rested here, death.

N. B. —

“ Melville’sCholera Cure ” furnish-ed on order.

REMEDY.When in an infected

port, or during the pre-valence of this disease,the strictest sanitarymeasures must be ad-opted Cleanliness andfree ventilation, andparticularly the instantremoval of the patient’sstools, must be en-forced. Don’t getfrightened. The earli*est attack of diarrhoeamust be promptly at-tended to; for curativemeasures must beprompt to be successful.If possible place thepatient m a hot bath,and give of camphordissolved in strongalcohol or brandy untilit will dissolve nolonger; a teaspoonfulevery twenty minutesuntil a reaction is pro-’duced. This coursesucceeded in 983 casesin the cholera hospitalat Leipsic. and failed in17 out of 1,000.

34 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALNote.—On the 4th of July, 1853, the writer gave to

the lumber camp on Brewer river, near Bangor,Maine, the following prescription for cholera or sum-mer complaint. I obtained it from Dr. Paul GoddardOf this city, whom I have no doubt is the author of it,and I think it had then never appeared in print. It hassince that time ran the rounds of the newspapers, witha slight but useless variation, as the “Sun’s CholeraRemedy.” The rhubarb in this connection may beomitted: Take tincture of opium, tincture of capsi-cum, tincture of camphor, essence of peppermint andsulphuric ether in equal parts. Mix and shake welltogether. Dose: Fifteen to thirty drops in a wine-glass-ful of water every twenty minutes or half hour untilthe pain subsides.

CHOLERA(Infantum.)

(Yousometimeshavechildren on board, andin cases of “summercomplaint ” shouldknow how to treat it.)Signs. — Restlessness ;peevishness; feverish-ness and occasionaldiarrhoea; dischargesof a greenish hue andwatery; sometimesvomiting; eyes sunken,half-closed ; half-openmouth; dry, crackinglips; unnatural rednessand rash around thebottom and sexual

REMEDY.Put ice in the

patient’s mouth if oldenough to hold it there,and apply hot cloths tothe bowels ; don’t nursethe child oftener thanevery four hours. Iffed with bottle mix one-third lime-water withthe milk. Give wine-whey ; finely choppedmeat. Sponge the en-tire person with waterat blood-heat, (100° F.)if there is fever* andgradually cool to 80° ;

continue this for tenminutes at a time, andthree or four times a


organs; dulness ofmind ; and sometimesconvulsions. At tirstno fever; then fevervarying (more, some-times less); increasingheat, from 100° to 110°F. Pulse rapid andfeeble, from 130 to 160;breath short, and dis-position to delirioussleep, and death ensuesfrom stagnation ofblood.

day. Give 20 to 30 dropsof brandy in tablespoonful of cold water everythree hours. To a chili!a year old give one-halfteaspoonful Melville’sElixir of Life everythree or four hours.Remove the child to adifferent atmospheresoon as possible. Useturpentine drafts oilstomach, and injec-tions of starch andlaudanum.

Note.—Cholera infantum. (Practical hints regard-ing the care of children in hot weather.) “ Cholera in-fantum,” says Dr. J. F. Isom, “ is as much like Asiaticcholera as it is possible to imagine. It is caused prin-cipally by extreme heat. When the temperature atnight ranges from seventy degrees upward, many casesof the disease may be expected, but if the nights arecool there is not so much danger, no matterhow hot thedays. During the day, let the weather be ever so warm,a child will not be so much affected by the heat aswhile sleeping, and for this reason the warm nightscause most of the trouble. Extreme heat in a child’sbody will arrest the process of digestion ; diarrhoea en-sues, and if this is not checked it will eventually runinto cholera infantum. The disease is sometimes rapidin its action, the little sufferer dyingwithin a few hoursafter being attacked, while in other cases a child maybe sick for weeks with summer complaint beforecholera infantum ensues. The discharge in case ofsummer complaint is filled with particles of curdledmilk, which cannot be digested; but in the last stagesofcholera infantum the discharge is clear and colorless,

36 VESSEL-MASTEE’S MEDICAL MANUALlike rice-water, and is filled with albumen. The dis-charge is nothing but the watery portion of the bloodwhich leaks through the intestines. Many childrendied just as if they had bled to death, but in most casesof cholera infantum the patients are seized with crampsand spasms, dying in great agony. Teething childrenare more apt than others to be afflicted with this dis-ease, for the reason that the nervous system is in a con-stant state of irritation, and the reflex nervous actiongenerally affects the stomach first.

” Yes,” continued the doctor, “ in the great majorityof cases children die from neglect; not that parents dojiot try to save their lives, but because they do not knowhow to take care of the little ones. During the warm

the babies should be kept as quiet as possible.During the day it is a good idea to give them plenty offresh air. They should be permitted to stay out ofdoors in the shade all day, and before they are put tobed at night a cool bath would reduce their temperatureand fit them for a good night’s sleep. Mothers whonurse children should avoid heating their blood, andthe bottle from which youngsters drink should bescalded daily and kept perfectly clear ofsour milk. Nochild suffering from diarrhoea should be permitted to goa day without medical attention. These directions, iffollowed, together with a proper attention to dress, willdoubtless save the life of many an infant.”

CHOLERA MOR-BUS.

(English or Sum-mer Cholera.)

Signs.—Sets in sud-denly ; uneasiness ofbowels; sickness atstomach; diarrhoea,and sometimes vomit-ing ; thin, liquid stoola;

REMEDY.Give three or four

two grain pills of bluemass U. S. D., followedby full dose castor oil.In severe cases, mus-tard plasters may beapplied to the bowelsuntil redness is pro-duced. Abstain fromall


chills ; malaria; skincold and covered withclammy sweat; tonguecold and coated ; ex-haustion ; restlessness;anxiety, and intensethirst. Pulse increasedin number, but feeblein force ; smaller flowof urine; cramps, par-ticularly under theknee, and in the calfof the leg; and insevere cases, a completeprostration of the en-tire system; graduallypassing into a fever ofthe typhoid character,and continuing for tenor fifteen days.

dvinks. Put one-quar-ter grain of morphiasulph. dry on the tongueand swallow. (In allbowel complaints,boil the water be-fore drinking; al-ways bear this in mind,as it isof vast import-ance.) Give three orfour drops of dilutesulphuric acid in tendrops of laudanum,every three or fourhours, in tablespoonfulof weak camphorwater. If there isvomiting, give carbolicacid, and sub. nitrateof bismuth, of eachone-half grain in littlewater every hour ; also,injections of starch and

! laudanum.Note. —The etiology of cholera, in so far as relates

to its influence in this country, does not admit ofmuchdoubt. The infection must be actually imported intoour midst. It has never yet been imported exceptthrough human agency, and the poison appears to beall but, if not entirely, limited to the discharges fromthe bowels and to the matter vomited by the patients.Where these go, the poison goes; hence sewers anddrains receiving them tend to become channels for con-veying the disease; soil fouled by them may, by lead-ing to the pollution of well and other waters, as alsoby aerial emanations, favor its diffusion; and, to a less

38 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALextent probably, the bed linen and personal clothingof the sick may become vehicles of infection. In allessential respects the disease appears to spread undermuch the same conditions as favor the spread of entricor typhoid fever, and, like that disease, it has in thiscountry mainly been associated with the use of watersupplies, which have been subjected to the risk of re-ceiving the specific infection. What that infection con-sists in is not yet known, but judging from analogy itis a definite organism capable of reproducing its ownkind under those conditions of filth which we have ad-verted to as being associated with the spread of thedisease. In the case of anthrax, which causes the so-called wool-sorter’s disease in man, and in the case ofrelapsing or famine fever, the microscope has succeededin showing the organisms which lead to the productionof those specific affections; but in the case of cholerano such results have as yet been attained, and this, not-withstanding the laborious microscopic and other re-searches which have been made in India and elsewhere.

Note.—Cholera and Birds.— If any faith is tobe attached to a statement just communicated to usfrom Egypt a rather new light will have been thrownupon the question how cholera is propagated fromplace to place in an infected country. An Englishman,writing from Zagaziz, where he has been residing forsome time, announces his intention of remaining thereas long as the swallows and sparrows do not take theirdeparture. It has, he adds, been ascertained beyond adoubt by the experience of previous epidemics, that assoon as the cholera is on the eve of establishing itselfin any place these birds, as well as probably manyothers, flee from the impending evil. Now, if the germsof disease, or of that which causes the disease, arewafted along likea blight, filling the whole atmosphere,making their presence felt at once by the denizens ofthe air, we have a confirmation of the theory that cor-dons and quarantines, however strict, cannot be reliedupon as a guarantee. Moreover, as any blight or


vitiation of the atmosphereof such a kind couldhardlymove, except by the aid of the wind, it would becomealmost certain that places to the windward of aninfected centre might be saved from the epidemic untilthe wind changed. Any way, the theory may be worthattention.

Note.—Among the precautions against cholera it issuggested that, as workers in copper in Hungary andthose engaged in the manufacture of brass and copperarticles elsewhere never seem to catch it, a thin disk ofpure copper about two and one-half inches in diametershould be worn next the skin, over the pit of thestomach, and suspended from the neck by a tape.

COLIC.(Intestinal.)

Signs.—A gripingpain usually in the re-gion of the navel, oc-curs in spells of greateror less severity, some-times producing themost intense agony;wind is heard and feltin the bowels, and thereis generally a strongdesire to have an oper-ation ; but the effort isunsuccessful. Wind es-capes and finally largeevacuations producepartial if not perfectrelief. The pain maycontinue with increas-ing intensity ; or at in-tervals the patient maybe entirely free from it.

REMEDY.In a large proportion

of cases of colic, thedisease readily yieldsto the simplest reme-dies. A brisk purge,or a teaspoonful ofcommon salt in a glassof hot milk or waterswallowed at onedraught, will give im-mediate relief ; clothswrung out in hotwhiskey, vinegar, orwater; hot salt-bagsand bags of sand, bakedin an oven, are excellentin such cases. Hotwhiskey and ginger, orpeppermint; or a doseof paregoric, teaspoonful for pei'son ten yearsold, or two teaspoon-

VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL40

There is little or nofever with it; tonguemay be perfectly cleanand pulse natural.

fuls for an adult. Afterit is over, keep thebowels open daily.

REMEDY.Don’t try to cure it

with pills, powders,boluses or injections ;neither will accomplishthe desired result. Eata vegetable and fruitdiet; take daily exer-cise in the open air ;and keep regular hours.The diet may consistof stewed apples,peaches or prunes;coarse stale bread, oatmeal, and very rarebeef, mutton, veal, andchicken ; no salt meats,pork, ham, nor cheese.Take warm baths daily,and rub the skin witha coarse towel, aftereach, until a brightglow appears on thesurface. Take yourmeals regularly at astated time each. Andabove all obey the callsof nature promptly.

COXSTIPATION.(Habitual.)

The signs of thisdisease everybodyknows. It is simplygoing for days withouttin operation of thebowels. Its conse-quences are, loss ofappetite; headache ;sleeplessness; low-spirits; melancholia;troublesome dreams;nightemissionsof semi-nal fluid; constantforeboding of evil;fretfulness; loss oftemper; loss of memory; loss of mentaland physical energy;general aversion to anyexertion ; cold feet ;depressed circulation ;general don’t-care-a-damnativeness ; bloodpoisoning; and finallydeath.

All the “ Melville Remedies” may be obtained at theoffice of F. C. Melville, Physician and Surgeon, No. 1620Richmond street, Philadelphia, and will be forwardedby express C.O. D. to any address in the United States.


CONVULSIONS,(Or Fits.)

These often occursuddenly both in chil-dren and in adults. Inchildren during theperiod of dentition orteething mostly, and inadults at any or alltimes. Signs. —Suddenloss of consciousness ;pallor ; eyes staring ;fixed pupils ; spasmodicmovement of the body ;

rigidity of the muscles ;

vertigo ; loss of speech ;

tingling pain; a strangeringing noise in the earprecedes the attack.The head is drawn toone side; teethclinched; eye ballsturned up; face pale:pulse feeble or entii'elysuspended; heartthrobs wildly; tonguecoated with brown oryellow mucus.

See advertisement onpage 219, this book.

REMEDY.Prevent the patient

from injuring himselfduring the attack. Incase of children teeth-ing, lance the gumslightly with a commonpenknife ; and give agentle laxative. Inadults, give free play tothe air by unbuttoningthe vest and shirt collar ; remove all pres-sure from the breast;let him sleep after theattack ; give five grainsoxide of zinc per day,dissolve in half pint ofwater, and give one-third one hour aftereach meal. Infusionof foxglove; opium;give one-fifth of a grainof belladonna each dayfor a month ; then in-crease dose graduallyas patient is able tobear it.

CRAMPS.Signs.—Fatigue; ex-

haustion ; trembling;nervousness; spasms;

REMEDY.Perfect and long-con-

tinued rest. Counterirritant, (Melville’s;)

42 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALcontraction of muscles;neuralgia; pricklingfeeling in all parts ofthebody; jumping ;rig-idity.

hot baths; electricitywhen possible. Regu-late bowels with Mel-ville’s Liver Powder,exercise in open air.

COW POX.(Kine Pox, Vac-cinia or Varioloid.)

Result of vaccina-tion. Signs. —In twoto five days after vac-cination a reddish,hard swelling appearswhere the virus was putin, accomi >anied byitching and stinging ;the circle around it ap-pears on eighth or ninthday, and continues toenlarge until it reachesthe size of an old copper cent. Heat; itch-ing;stiffnessof muscles;little or no fever ; some-times a rash will appear; pulse slightly in-creased.

REMEDY.Protect the sore from

injury, and be carefulnot to allow the scab tobe scratched or knock-ed off; give gentle laxa-tive, and keep thepatient from exposure.A light nutritious diet,bread, milk, fruit, freshbeef and mutton, vege-table soup and freshfish, may all be taken.Keep the room well-ventilated, and watchfor after claps, particu-larly in young patients.If any appear, circum-stances must governtheir treatment.

REMEDY.Immediate confine-

ment in bed in a warmwell ventilated room.If possible have the aircharged with steam by

CROUP.(Laryngitis, Cyan-ache, Traehealis.)(This disease occurs

in adults, as the effect

AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE 43

of wounds, the inhala-tion of steam, or hotair, or from any suddeninjury to the lungs orthroat. In children, itis the result of suddencold, a companion andfollower of measles,scarlatina, smallpoxand other causes.)Signs.— Inflammationof throat; hoarsecough; huskiness ofvoice ; fever ; restless-ness ; thirst; difficultyof breathing ; voice orcry of infants reducedto a husky whisper;water of a pale milkyor chalky appearance;pulse increased fromten to fifteen beats perminute more than isnatural; general con-vulsions; death.

a basin of water on thestove; give tinct. lobeliaand goose-grease (inequal parts,) teaspoon-ful every fifteen min-utes until full vomitingis produced. Avoid theuse of alum. Give fulldose of calomel (tengrains for an adult) atthe beginning of theattack, and alcoholicdrinks, (milk punch,hot brandy or whiskeytoddy). Paint thethroat with iodine;poultice the neck withtlaxseed and slipperyelm bark, and after theattack is subdued givea good tonic and gener-ous diet.

CUTANEOUS(Skin) DISEASES.

These are numerousand varied. They arealways attributable toan impoverished andimpure state of theblood ; and give thecountenance a very un-

REMEDY.

(When it is under-stood that there are19,874,610 pores in theskin of every adultliving, and that one-quarter of all the foodwe eat and drinkpasses through these

44 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALsightly aspect. When-ever you observe arough and repulsiveskin, you always forman unfavorable opinionof its possessor. Itis not always fair.Signs. —Redness;roughness; pimples;blotches ; watery eyes ;itching; stinging; con-stant desire to rub andscratch ; pulse at timesfeeble and slow, atothers strong and flur-ried ; tongue coatedwith brown mucus;always a bad taste inthe mouth; alternateHashes of heat andchilliness, etc.

pores in the form of in-sensible perspiration;the importance of keep-ing the skin in ahealthy condition willat once be apparent).In order to do this,take daily gentle exer-cise in the open air.Horseback riding;cold baths in the morn-ing during the summer;swimming in summer;skating in winter; andsponge baths in winter.Should you find your-self becoming a victimof skin disease, take abrisk cathartic, followby syrup of stillingia,desertspoonful threetimes a day. Aftertwo weeks add iodideof potassium two dramsto pint stillingia.DELIRIUM

TREMENS.See Alcoholism, p. 22.

REMEDY.If possible take a

good long rest, dismissall your cares, readcheerful books, and talkwith sensible andagreeable people.AVlien others introduce

DEBILITY,(General.)

Signs.—A feelingof fatigue after any(even the slightest) ex-ertion ; general tired-


ness; loss of appetite;wakefulness; no am-bition ; pains in backand loins; cramps inlower limbs; disposition to sigh ; constantforebodings of evilswhich never come;slight headache; dim-ness of vision ; ringingsound in the ears ; par-ticularly that soundwhich the superstitiousdenominate “ deatli-knell; ”) loss of memory; thirst(unnatural;)nervousness; fright; inthe midst of a narrativeforgetting what you aretalking about; dry andparched tongue; chapped lips ; and pulse fee-ble and hesitating.

gloomy subjects, tellthem to go to the d—eepdeep sea. Take Mel-ville’s “ Elixir of Life,”dessertspoonful halfhour before each meal;let your meals be light,at first, consisting ofbread and milk, fruits,well-cooked vegetables,and very little meat,plenty of rice. Asyour system begins toacquire its naturaltone, increase thestrength of your dietas appetite demands;good nutritious soups,rare steaks and chops,broiled, and keep upyour Elixir of Life untilyour appetite is like acrosscut saw.

Note. —Dr. Robert D’Unger claims to have dis-covered the following cure for drunkenness. Mr. JosephMedill, editor of the Chicago Tribune, is a strongindorser of the remedy, and has devoted manyeditorials to further its general circulation among aclass of unfortunates who cannot say “ no” when askedto drink. It is claimed that Dr. D’Unger has cured28,000 persons of the worst form of intemperance bythis method of treatment, and that this is the firstremedy ever di-covered which kills the disease and theinclination to drink at the same time:

Take one pound of the best, fresh, quill-red Peru-vian bark, powder it and soak it in two pints of diluted

46 VESSEL-MASTER'S MEDICAL MANUALalcohol. Afterwards strain and evaporate it down tohalf a pint. Dose: A teaspoonful every three hoursthe first and second day, and occasionally moisten thetongue between the doses. It acts like quinine, and thepatient can tell by a headache if he or she is gettingtoo much. The third day take as previously, but re-duce to one-half teaspoonful. Afterward reduce thedose to fifteen drops, and then down to ten and then tofive drops. To make a cure it takes from five to fifteendays, and in extreme cases thirty days. Seven days isthe average to effect a cure.

DIABETES.(Polymia.)

(The passage of sup-erabundance of water.)The attack may besudden or gradual.Signs.—Excessive flowof water; great thirst;loss of flesh; weakness;chilliness; dryness ofthe mouth and skin ; in-crease of appetite; fre-quent pain and uneasi-ness in the stomach ;

sometimes diarrhoeaand vomiting; the urineis thin and watery; isunnatural, and is fromone-eighth to one-twelfth lighter inweight than whenhealthy; death rarelyresults from thisdisease alone, but there

REMEDY.For the first five clays

after this disease makesits appearance, giveopium, commencingwith two grains at atime, three times a day,and increasing gradu-ally to five grains.Then give tincturevalerian half dramat a time, three timesa day, and increase thedose gradually untiltwo drams are taken ata time ; or give valeria-nate of zinc in onegrain doses, and in-crease as the stomachwill bear it; camphor,bromide of potassium,arsenic, iron, bella-donna, nitric acid di-lute. Apply galvanic


are endless complica-tions produced by it.Death issometimespre-ceded by wasting, lossof appetite, indigestionand dyspepsia.

battery to neck andspine; attend to gen-eral health; eat anddrink what thestomachcraves.

REMEDY.At sea, always boil

your water beforedrinking. If you arewithout “ Melville’sDiarrhoea Remedy,”(which is warranted tocure 99 out of every100 cases,) a verygood plan is to give fiveto eight grains of bluemass, combined withten grains of powderedrhubarb. After thishas operated well, givesyrup of poppies in halfdram doses three orfour times a day, ortincture opium (lauda-num) fifteen drops at atime, until sixty dropsare taken. Tea madeof running blackberryroot may be drankfreely, or of red raspberry leaves, opium,subnitrate of bismuth,etc. Diet: Arrow-root, boiled milk; noalcohol.

DIARRHOEA.

(Looseness of theBowels.)

The causes of diar-rhoea are different indifferent persons. Insome cases, change ofwater will produce it,while in others thecharacter of the waterproduces no effect uponthe bowels. Certainkinds of food will pro-duce it in one, while an-other may eat any kindof food with impunity.Hunger is sometimes acause, and it often oc-curs directly after a fullmeal. It often occursfrom excessive use ofalcohol or tobacco, orafter an attack ofdysentery. It some-times is produced by ex-cessive sexual inter-course, after long ab-sence at sea.

48 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALREMEDY.

Put the patient in aroom byhimself. Keepthe temperature at 68 J

or 70° F. (Keep steamin the room.) Cleanli-ness ; ventilation; dis-infection ; give a nutri-

• tious diet; plenty of: milk with lime water; and beef tea; cool| drinks; ice sucked| freely; egg nog, madewith whiskey or brandy;citrate of potassium,one dram to a pint ofwater, to be drankfreely; quinine in dosesof ten to twenty grainstwo or three times aday; gargle the throatwith hot water everyhalf hour; blow sul-phur with a goosequillbarrel, or small syringe,down the throat everyhour or two. This issaid to be a sure curefor this disease.

DIPHTHERIA.(Malignant Sore

Throat.)This disease is grad-

ual in its approach. Itcommences with de-pression of spirits;languor, weakness;malaria; chilliness;loss of appetite; sick-ness at stomach ; vom-iting ; diarrhoea; headache ; drowsiness ; de-cided fever; ringing inthe ears; and slightsore throat. The tongueis covered with a thickwhite coat. Thesesigns establish thepresence of the disease.The tonsils are swollen;breath offensive; some-times ulceration;hoarse, croupy cough.The urine is feverish,and sometimes containsblood. The theories ofthe causes of this dis-ease are almost as nu-merous as the authorswho have written uponit.

Any of Dr. Melville’s Remedies will be sent to vesselswhen ordered by mail, C. 0. D.

AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 49DROPSY.

(Ascites; Abdom-inal Dropsy.)

Signs.— Commence-ment gradual and un-suspected ; an accumu-lation of water; palpi-tation of heart; fulnessand rounding of thebelly ; navel is forcedout; impeded breath-ing ; interruption ofthe heart’s action; di-minished discharge ofurine; constipation;loss of appetite ; swell-ing of the genital or-gans ; shining appear-ance of the "skin ; en-largement of the veins;obstruction of circula-tion ; short breath;swollen glands; variousnoises in the bowels,loud enough to beheard ten feet from thepatient. Occurs mostgenerally in middle lifeamong men.

REMEDY.If an attack is appre-

hended it nmy beaverted by two or threecups of hot coffee; aglass of hot and strongwhiskey, or brandy; ortwenty to twenty-fivegrains of quinine; va-por of ether; chloro-form ; inhale the smokeof belladonna leaves;stramonium; poppywith nitre ; during theinterval, avoid excitingcauses; use light,easilydigested diet; avoidsugar and milk, and uselittle water or otherdrinks at meal-times;quinia, arsenic, andbelladonna must begiven for some time ;or iodide of potassium,two drams in fourounces of water, a ta-blespoonful four timesa day; change of airand climate is alwaysgood.

All the “Melville Remedies” may be obtained atthe office of F. C. Melville, Physician and Surgeon,No. 1620 Richmond street, Philadelphia, and will beforwarded by express C. O. D., to any address iu thebaited States.

50 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALDYSENTERY.

(Flux. BloodyFlux.)

Signs.—When epi-demic, comes on sud-denly ; in other cases ispreceded by catarrh inthe bowels; diarrhoeamay or may not pre-cede ; chilliness, fol-lowedby fever; malaria;remittent fever; colickypains; often the dis-charges of mucus aretinged with blood;great exhaustion;sometimes the mucousdischarge changes to aputrid fluid; loss ofappetite; sickness atstomach and biliousvomiting, in severecases; flow of urinescanty and highcolored; tonguecoated; pulse light,quick and feeble; handsand feet cold; voicehusky; heart beatsfeebly.

REMEDY.Put the patient in

bed in a moderatelywarmed room; giveopium in half graindoses, or laudanum infifteen drop doses ; dietof three-quarters milkand one-quarter limewater; open the bowelswith “ Melville’s LiverPowder; ” or castor oilone ounce, and lauda-num twenty drops;“Fowler’s solution”one drop with five dropsof tincture opium everythree hours; after quiethas been obtained bythe opium treatment,inject by rectum anounce of starch, inw h i c h one-quartergrain of morphia hasbeen well stirred; usehot cloths with vinegar,whiskey, or even waterif the others cannot behad. If relapse occurs,stimulate; give brandyor whiskey in beef tea;keep the patient andhis bed clean, and wellaired. Tonics duringrecovery.


DYSPEPSIA.(Indigestion.)

Signs.—Weight anduneasiness in thestomach after meals;(is not often felt whileeating.) Crowding feel-ing in the gullet; belch-ing ; windy eructa-tions ; sense of oppres-sion in the chest; windcolic; rumbling in thebowels; constipation;poor appetite; slightthirst; tongue swollen,pale and flabby; mucouslining of the mouthloses its natural brightred color ; gums becomesoft and spongy; ton-sils swollen ; depressionof spirits; urine pale,and charged with limeand other deposits;pulse weak, irregular,excitable, and palpi-tates on the slightestexertion.

Epilepsy. —F a l ling Sickness.— SeeFits; Convulsions,page 41.

Eruptions. — SkinDiseases.—See Cuta-neous, page 43.

REMEDY.Where itcan be done,

! stop all animal food ;use Wm. R. Warner &

Co’s. “Syrup of thePhosphates; ” with amilk diet; gradually addfruits in their season,and well-cooked vegeta-bles. For medicine,Warner’s “ Ingluven ”

has no equal, (take asdirected;) tepid bathsin the morning; andsponge baths before re-tiring; gentle exercisedaily in the open air;as walking, sailing,rowing, riding onhorseback, carriageriding, etc. As thestrength of the stomachincreases, add to thediet good tender beef-steaks broiled rare,mutton, veal, and gamein their season; andtake a quantity of goodRhenish wine withyour meals. Use kotobacco.


ERYSIPEEAS.(St. Anthony’s

Fire.)This is a disease sup-

posed by some physi-cians to be hereditary,or constitutional; butwe have no positiveproof of it. It oftencomes from infection;contagion ; child bedfever; hospital gan-grene ; errors in diet;and other causes.Sig-ns.-Intense inflam-mation ; malaria; painsin the limbs ; vomiting;loss of appetite ; sorethroat; headache; rest-lessness ; fever; shiver-ing ; these signs maylast for days, and befollowed by great heatand irritation; stingingand smarting; a lividredness; and swelling,and ulceration.

REMEDY.Keep the bowels

open; give tinctureaconite root, five dropsin a cup of warm tea,three times a day whilethe fever lasts; thenapply a poultice ofcrushed cranberries:bathe the affected partwith a solution of sugarof lead water andlaudanum; (dissolve tengrains of sugar of leadin two ounces of water,and add twenty dropsof laudanum;) use everyhour ; paint the circlearound the affectedpart with tincture ofiodine. In cases ofgreat pain bathe witlilaudanum and belladonna, equal parts;keep the patient awayfrom the wounded, andwomen in child bed.

EYES,(Inflammation of.)

(Ophthalmia.)Weak and sore eyes

are so common as to beunderstood by almost

REMEDY.Remove the cause of

inflammation, andbathe the lids withwarm milk and water;tea is also very useful;


everybody. Inflamma-tion is caused by thepresence of foreign sub-stance ; by the sun’s re-flection on the water ;by straining of theoptic nerve; by whatis known as “wildhairs; ” cold settling inthe eyes; determina-tion of blood to thehead; scrofulous orsyphilitic state of theblood; and in childrenfrom measles; scar-latina ; and whoopingcough. In some casesthe lids only will be af-fected. The edges be-come very much inflam-ed, sometimes are turn-ed out and ulcerate.

in severe casespoulticesmay be applied, or afly-blister behind theear. Soak the feet inmustard water, hot ascan be borne, and ap-ply cooling lotions or iceto the head; wiltedstramonium leaves overthe eyes; sugar of leadand sulphate of zinc, ofeach half dram ; com-mon salt and whitesugar, of each a dram ;rain water half pint,let stand two days,shake and filter ; an ex-cellent eye water. Abrisk cathartic willgenerally assist wonder-fully in removing in-flammation.

FEVER.(Typlms, Ship Fe-ver, Camp Fever.)Of fevers there are

many varieties; a gen-eral treatment is ap-plicable to them all:First stage: Four daysto two weeks; generaluneasiness; headache;chilliness ; loss of appe-tite. Second stage: In-

REMEDY.Fresh air in patient’s

room, which most bekept clean and disin-fected with chloride oflime or carbolic acid;light nutritious diet;milk; beef tea ; chickenor mutton broths regu-larly night and day.Stimulants; wines insmall and increasingquantities; cold sponge

54 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALcrease of both heat andchill; prostration ofsystem; painsandtrem-bling in limbs; throbbing headache; giddi-ness, with partial lossof hearing; drowsiness;delirium; tongue coat-ed with thick whitefur; pulse increased to120or 140. Third stage:At first reddish appear-ance of skin, then littlered dots; mulberryrash; headache stopstenth day; danger ifcontinues longer;sleepiness; stupor;pulseincreases to 160; heartfeeble.

baths twice a day :

open the bowels with“ Melville’s Liver Pow-der,” or citrate of magnesia. For drinks givecold lemonade; creamtartar water ; chlorateof potassium; tea andcoffee; quinine infifteen or twenty graindoses, twice a day;sesqui-chloride of irontwenty-five drops inwater three times a day.Watch the urine daily,and treat the varioussymptoms as they arise.Watch the recovery.No exertion norover- indulgencemust be allowed.

REMEDY.On entering a foreign

or infected port, putyour vessel in a perfectstate of disinfectionand ventilation; seethat your men havefresh and wholesomefood, bathe every day,and change their underclothing twice or threetimes a week. Yellowfever never occurs atan elevation of 500 feet

YELLOW FEVER.(Black Vomit,

“Yellow Jack.”)Signs—Are various

under different con-ditions ; pulse full andstrong, 100 to 120 ; faceflushed; eyes red ;anxious expression;hot, dry and harshskin; tongue coveredwith white fur, andmoist at tip and edges;


sore throat; thirst;burning in the stom-ach ; violent retchingand vomiting; dis-charges of a biliouscharacter, and oftenstreaked with blood;urine diminished;severe pains shootingthrough the forehead,eyes and temples; ter-rible pains in the back,and cramps in calvesof the legs. Remissionstate: lasts from twoto twenty four hours ;patient improved.Collapse or secondaryfever: skin grows yel-low ; hemorrhage in badcases. Black vomit;death.

above the sea level. Ifit comes, put thepatient in bed and givequinine and calomel,ten grains each at first,continue the quininein fifteen grain doses allthrough. For vomit-ing, lime water andmilk in equal parts.Liquid food in moder-ate quantities; smallquantities of whiskey,brandy or wine in largedrafts of water; must-ard plasters over soreplaces. Recovery after“ black vomit ” is com-mon. Not so after sup-pression of urine.

Note. —A correspondent of the New York Sunwrites as follows: The yellow fever is found to consistof a few ounces of foreign matter in the blood, whichcan never escape but through the glands of the skin.Let the patient place his feet in hot water and wraphimself in blankets, and commence drinking two orthree quarts of water in the form of light black tea, ashot as he can bear; the oxygen of the water soon re-stores the full power of his nerves, the water dilutes theblood, and the great heat expands the smaller blood-vessels, so that the restored nervous power can drivethe blood to the surface, where the glands secrete theforeign matter which forms the fever and expels it intwo or three hours, and can never tail to do so. This is

56 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALthe prescription that killed the yellow fever in theMississippi Valley the last two years, and this year inHavana.

FEVER, HAY.(HayAsthma, Rose-

cold, AutumnCatarrh.)

Signs.—Itching ofeyelids and swelling oflining membranes ofthe lids; watering ofthe eyes; aversion tothe light; tumors andwatery discharges fromthe nostrils; violentsneezing; irritation ofthe throat; soreness ofthe palate; more orless cough of an asth-matic character. Thesesigns appear suddenly,and are generally soonpast. There are manypersons to whom thisdisease has moreterrors than any otherform of fever in thewhole category. Tothose persons I wouldsay most respectfullythat the most effectualremedy yet discoveredis complete change ofclimate. Get up andleave.

REMEDY.Take small and

regular doses of quinia,| say two or three grainsthree times a day, dur-ing the whole course ofthe disease. “Fowler’sSolution of Arsenic ” inten drop doses has beenfound useful. Iodideof potassium fifteengrains every six hours ;sulphate of morphiaone-eighth of a grain,and one-two-hundredthof a grain of atropiaat night; stimulant ifhabitual with thepatient; open the

j bowels daily; wearflannel next the skin;for the cough narcoticsand stimulants. Use aj full, nourishing diet,and if “Melville’sElixir of Life ” can be

I obtained, take it as di-rected ; if not, someother good tonic.


FEVER, RELAPS-ING.

(Famine Fever, Bil-ious Typhoid.)

Signs.—Comes onsuddenly ; chills, agueand great weakness;throbbing pain in thehead ; giddiness ; ter-rible pains in back andlimbs ; hot, dry skin ;flushed face; excessiveand continuous thirst;shivering; retching andvomiting; (dischargesyellowish, greenish orblack;) loss of appetite;moist tongue, withwhite oryellowish coat-ing ; sore throat; jaun-dice ; pulse rapid, oftenrises to 160, weak andirregular; sometimesdelirium; symptomsmore severe, fifth toseventh day; diarrhoeaand vomiting. Relapsecomes with no warningsigns, and ends as thefirst attack ; limbs coldand purple; pulse morefeeble; water stops.

REMEDY.Put the patient alone

in a well-ventilatedroom; give a gentlelaxative ; don’t purge ;

rest in bed; plenty ofpure water, which hasbeen boiled, to drink;watch the urine; giveone dram of nitre in apint of water ; let himdrink freely; cold ortepid sponging ; ice ifvomiting; carbolic acidhalf grain in halfpint of cherry laurelwater for sickness atstomach ; diet light andnutritious; milk;stimulants. In childrenand aged persons, ifgreat debility is pres-ent, a good tonic andsyrup of the phosphatesis recommended. Meetsymptomsas they arise,and try to prevent therelapse. Keep thepatient in bed andgive quinine, five graindoses.

Any of Dr. Melville’s Remedies will be sent to ves-sels when ordered by mail, C. 0. D.

VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALFLUX. (Bloody

Flux, Ducenturia)—See Dysentery, p.

50.REMEDY.

While the spell is on,give one-quarter grainof morphia dry on thetongue every eighthours; tincture iodineand carbolic acid, equalparts, one drop in wa-ter every hour; bis-muth, one scruple threetimes a day ;

‘ 1 Fowler’s(Solution” one drop, andlaudanum two drops,every six hours; coldpoultices or mustard-plasters on the stom-ach. If due to indi-gestible food, give largedraughts of lukewarmwater to produce vom-iting ; muriatic aciddilute and tincture nuxvomica in equal parts,live to ten drops at atime, three or fourtimes a day ; milk diet,give food often and insmall quantities.

GASTRALIA.(Neuralgia of the

Stomach.)Signs. —Severe

pains in the stomach,darting in all di-rections, which ceasewhen pressed; pulsesmall, rapid, weak orvacillating; skin coldand covered with coldsweat; features paleand shrunken ; heart’saction disturbed belch-ing of wind ; vomiting;pain in the side ; (some-times) sense of sorenessnear the navel; nerv-ousness ; violent beat-ing of the heart; head-ache ; melancholy; allsorts of imaginings ofevil to come. In oneword, universal anddouble distilled wretch-edness long drawn out.

Any of Dr. Melville’s Remedies will be sent to ves-sels when ordered by mail. C. O. D.


GASTRITIS,ACUTE.

(Gastric Catarrh.)This is a state of in-

flammation of the stom-ach, and is frequentlycaused by the climaticchanges involved in go-ing from port to port;errors in diet; swal-lowing food before it ischewed ; too hot or toocold liquids; excessiveeating; alcoholism;sedentary habits; sud-den fits of anger ; grief ;brooding; etc., etc.

Signs.—Loss of ap-petite; loathing offood; only partialdigestion ; restlessnessand wakefulness; chillsand fever ; pain in leftbreast, two inches un-der left nipple. Tongueeither small, red andsore, or enlarged withyellowish white coat-ing ; constant cravingfor sour things ; some-times jaundice.

REMEDY.Abstain from food

and keep quiet; cleanout the stomach by co-pious draughts of warmwater, or mustard andipecac; drink mineralwater, Vichy or Con-gress ; (give a saline-clraught, made as fol-lows : carbonate of po-tassa, one scruple ; cit-ric acid and tartar, fif-teen grains; freshlemon juice,half ounce;sugar, one dram ; water,eight ounces, or halfpint; mix. Divide thisinto two or three doses.This is a most excellentformula, to be given inall kinds offevers.) Ifvomiting prevails, givemilk and lime water inequal parts—t able-spoonful doses. If veryweak, givesmall quanti-ties of brandy, whiskey,milk punch or icedwine. As a tonic,“ Melville’s Elixir ofLife.”

Any of Dr. Melville’s Remedies will be sent to vesselswhen ordered by mail, C, O. D.

60 VESSEL-MASTEE’S MEDICAL MANUALGLEET.

(Mucous UrethralDischarge.)

This disease is not anoriginal ailment, but aconsequence, depend-ing upon some originalgenital trouble. It mayresult from strain, pro-duced by heavy lifting,exposure to cold andfatigue; but it is gen-erally the sequence ofa badly treated gonor-rhoea, and sometimesrequires more care tocure than the originaldisease from which itsprung.

N. B.—There is onevery important featureto this disease, whichI wish particularly toimpress on the mind ofthe reader. It maysometimes be impartedby a wife who is afflictedwith leucorrlioea orwhites, to her husband ;and he very naturallysuspects her of infidel-ity. Don’t do it! Con-sult a good physician.

REMEDY.Empty the bowels

with a gentle dose of“Melville’s Liver Pow-der.” Observe everyrule of cleanliness;bathe daily in plain te-pid water, and spongethe genital organs twoor three times each daywith warm water andcastile soap; take a

| light, nutritious diet;milk, fruits, well-cook-ed vegetables, good leanfresh beef, mutton,poultry, etc. No acids,as pickles, vinegar, etc.No salt meats, or ham,cheese, pork, or bolog-na, and above all, noalcoholic or malt li-quors. Take gentle ex-ercise in the open airdaily, and keep regularhours. If it resists thistreatment one week puttwenty grains subni-trate of bismuth in fourounces of water andsyringe three times aday. Sure cure.



GONORRHCEA.An inflammatory mu-

cous discharge fromthe urethra of bothsexes. Much more com-mon in men.

Signs.—Slight heatand itching in the uri-nary passage; scaldingin passing water swell-ing of the opening; athin whitish or paleyellow discharge, whichincreases in quantity,and deepens in color toa deep yellow, green,or sometimes bloodyappearance ; neck ofthe bladder becomes ir-ritable ; constant de-sire to void water;foreskin swelled ; chor-dee, at night; foreskindrawn over the head,and remains so, (Para-phymoses,) or back andcannot be moved for-ward (Phymosis.)More mild in women;less inflammation, andsooner cured.

REMEDY.In addition to all that

is said in a former chap-ter on “Gleet,” in rela-tion to cleanliness anddiet, regimen and sani-tarymatters,observe thefollowing simple direc-tions : Open the bowelswith a brisk cathartic(“Melville’s LiverPowder” is the bestknown,) or full dose ofEpsom salts ; then takesulph. zinc, ten grains ;sugar of lead, tengrains; laudanum,twenty-five drops; tinct.catechu, twenty-fivedrops ; rose water, fourounces. Dissolve inbottle, and with a P. P.syringe inject into theurethra one dram six oreight times a day. Thisin ninety-nine cases outof a hundred, will ef-fect cure in 3 or 4 days.See “ Melville’s Solu-ble Canulas.”

All the “ Melville Remedies” can be obtained at theoffice of F. C. Melville, Physician and Surgeon, No.1620 Richmond street, Philadelphia, (take red car onSecond and Third streets line,) and ships’ medicinechests filled with fresh medicines at short notice.

62 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALGLANDERS.

(Equinia Farcy.)A disease peculiar to

horses, but men (andjackasses) sometimescontract it.

Signs.—The acuteform generally appearswith chills; pains injoints and limbs ; head-ache ; vomiting and di-arrhoea ; pulse accelera-ted; fetid sweats; erup-tions of the skin,cheeks, arms andthighs, ripening intopustules, on the face,trunk, toes, fingers andgenital organs, andending in gangrene.The tongue is dry andbrown;. pulse feebleand irregular. Secondstage : Chronic glan-ders (rare,) stools veryfetid and sometimesbloody. Third stage :

Acute farey; differsonly slightly from glan-ders. Chronic farey;wasting and debility;foul, deep, sloughingulcers.

REMEDY.Prevention is of great

importance; but if thedisease is once con-tracted by inocula-tion, the affected spotshould at once be cut orburnt out. Keep thebowels freely open;give tonic from the out-set, and a full stimu-latingdiet; “Huxham’sTinct. of Bark;”‘ 1 Warner’sSyrup of thePhosphates;” pay thestrictest attention tocleanliness, (personal,)and the sanitary condi-tions of the surround-ings ; if abscesses formthey must be opened,and treated as they oc-cur. Iodine, and iodideof potassium arestrongly recommended.During recovery,change of air and goodrich food.



GOUT.(Podagra.)

Acute or transient,seizure very sudden ;usually after midnight;the muscular action ofthe great toe is first af-fected, and other jointssuffer sympathetically.Extreme pain andswelling at night; skinover the affected jointtender, red, hot, andshining; troublesomeitching and inflamma-tion. Fat men andhigh livers suffer most.Females rarely sufferwith it.

Signs.—Chills andfevers; perspiration;urine scanty and dark ;diarrhoea; (attack lastsfrom four days toseveral weeks.) It isthe parent of all the dis-eases to which human-ity is heir. Consola-tion : Sailors rarely areafflicted with it. Fatcaptains often.

Moral.—Avoid highliving.

REMEDIES.Give a brisk purga-

tive at first. Opium inhalf grain (loses, or tinc-ture of aconite root,half drop every halfhour. Wine of colchi-cum, fifteen minimsevery half hour. Fiveto ten grains of quiniathree times a day. Hotair baths; low diet; giveten grains of “Hover’sPowder ” at night forrestlessness. If thefoot is the seat of pain,elevate it, and wrap inflannel and cover withoiled silk. Poultice,(adding opium, bella-donna, tincture ofacon-ite, etc.) During theinterval, regulate thediet; use only a littletea or coffee ; give nostimulants (alcoholic)unless absolutely indis-pensable ; baths andfriction; exercise inopen air; keep yourtemper.


64 VESSEL-MASTEE’S MEDICAL MANUALHay Fever. (June

Coed.)— See Fevers,page 56.HEADACHE,

SICK.(Migraine, Hemi-

crania.)In females, this dis-

ease is caused by wombtroubles, and irregu-larities of the menses;want of exercise ; ex-cessive sleep; want ofventilation; and de-pression.

Signs. —Chilliness;tingling in the tongue ;

disorders of speech;loss of appetite; painover the eyes, fromtemple to temple; men-tal confusion; drowsi-ness ;involuntary shed-ding of tears; sorenessin the back of the neck;excessive sensibility;dimness of vision ; lowspirits; foreboding ofevil; and general dis-content, and loss oftemper. Tongue dryand harsh; pulse low,weak and unsteady;seldom occurs afterforty years of age.

REMEDY.A glass of brandy and

soda, or champagne orsherry wine, or a cupof strong coffee, willfrequently prevent theattack. “Melville’sCounter Irritant” isa warranted cure ;—will cure it in two min-utes. Open the bowelswith a gentle laxative;and during the continuance of the attacktake perfect rest in adark room. Place iceon the forehead ; anysudden excitement mayinstantly end it. Inthe intervals, all excite-ment should beavoided; and disordersof the stomach cor-rected. Daily use ofthe galvanic battery ishighly recommended;also “Warner’s Calo-mel Parvules,” 1228Market street, Phila-delphia.

AND PAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 65

HEART DISEASE.(Palpitation.)

Its attacks may oc-cur frequently or moreremote, and last froma few moments tohours, or days. Theymay be violent or fee-ble ; and are alwayss u d de n and unex-pected.

Signs.—The actionof the heart may beunnaturally acceler-ated ; its pulsations in-creasing, from 40 to100 beats per minute;or it may be unnatur-ally retarded, recedingfrom forty (natural) totwenty-five beats perminute; this disturb-ance may be caused bythe slightest exertion,by excitement, anger,fright, joy, grief; al-most any other cause.The pulse seldom indi-cates the heart’s action,and the tongue remainsunchanged.

REMEDY.If the palpitation is

violent give opium inone half grain doses,or inject hypodermical-ly, (under the skin.)Give from one to threeminims of the tinct.ofaconite in wine glassof water three times aday. Tinct. ofdigitalis,(foxglove,) in

"

dramdoses, two or threetimes a day, will de-crease the heart’s ac-tion. Stimulants, hotfoot baths, (with mus-tard always,) hot poul-tices over'the region ofthe heart increase itsaction. Use no tobaccoin any form, and verylittle tea or coffee.Avoid sexual excess,mental depression,“blue devils,” exces-sive study or brainwork, and obey thegeneral rules of health.

All the “ Melville Remedies ” can be obtained at theoffice of F.C. Melville, Physician and Surgeon, No. 1620Richmond street, Philadelphia, and ships’ medicine-chests will be filled with fresh medicines at short notice.

66 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALHEMORRHAGE(Of the Rungs.

Bleeding.)Signs.—The first

noticed in this diseaseis a tickling sensationbehind the breast-bone.It often occurs withoutwarning. Spitting ofblood, of a bright redcolor; blood is usuallyfrothy, except when itflows in considerablequantities, when thereis no froth. Thecountenance is pale andanxious; patient trem-ulous, often faints;slight cough ; later, atroublesome, hackingcough, accompanied byfever, hurried breath-ing, and shortness ofbreath upon the slight-est exertion. Patientraises pussy mucus,which has an offensivesmell; rattle in thethroat; great weak-ness.

REMEDY.Give the patient per

feet rest, in a cool,darkened room; iceand cooling drinks;gallic acid mixed withhoney or syrup, onedram of acid to two orthree ounces of honey,t e a s p o o n f u 1 everythirty minutes, is saidto be a specific for in-ternal hemorr h a g e.Table salt swallowed inteaspoonful doses is apopular remedy. Drycupping; plasters, andfoot baths (stimulat-ing) are useful. Tie abandage tightly aroundan arm or foot for tenor fifteen minutes, tostop the flow of blood.For continuous bloodspitting, inhale vaporof oil of turpentine, puta small quantity in aflat dish, and float inwarm water andbreathe it.

All the “ Melville Remedies ” can be obtained at the'office of F. C. Melville, Physician and Surgeon, No.1620 Richmond street, Philadelphia, (take red car onSecond and Third streets line,) and ships’ medicinechests will be filled with fresh medicines at short notice.


HEMORRHAGE.(From Wounds or

Cuts.)These are treated

precisely like the fore-going. Your objectshould be to stop theflow of blood as soonas possible. Keep cool,and don’t be fright-ened.

REMEDY.Gallic acid, applied

dry to almostany cut orwound, will in almostevery instance stop theflow of blood. Cobwebs,pulverized alum, lint,collodion, and manyother things.

HOOPINGCOUGH. (Or

Whooping-.)First stage: Signs:

slight fever; loss of ap-petite ; sneezing; red-ness of eyes and run-ning at nose; frequentdry cough with a pecu-liar hoop to it. Secondstage : every “ spell ”

sets in suddenly; tick-ling in the throat,cough more severe,with loud puffs whenbreathing. This is fol-lowed by extreme sore-ness of the chest, andgreat exhaustion;purulent dischargesfrom the mouth andnose, with vomiting.

REMEDY.Put the patient in a

warm room, and flannelnext the skin; warmdrinks which will notbind the bowels; thechief aim should be torelieve the symptomsas they appear, andto avoid complications.Give syrup of squills inteaspoonful doses everytwo or three hours;tincture of belladonna,opium, morphia, orsyrup of poppies insmall doses; strongdecoction of cold coffeewithout milk or sugar.

68 VESSEL-MASTER'S MEDICAL MANUALoccur, and sometimesinvoluntary flow ofurine.

HYDROPHOBIA.(Rabies.)

This is generally theeffect of the bite of arabid or mad animal.In most cases it showsitself within twomonths after the bite.

Signs.—An unde-fined dread; giddiness;thirst; restlessness; al-ternate chills and heat;oppression of the chest;spasms of the muscles;difficulty of breathinga n d s w a 11 o w ing;choking sensation whenattempting to drink;excessive terror andfright; mortal dread ofwater, and shivering atthe sight of it; anabundant flowof toughstringy mucus; withconstant efforts to raisemore. These symptomsgrow rapidly worse,then follow convul-sions, and often furiousmania.

REMEDY.As soon as it is

known that a personlias been bitten by amad animal, the placeshould be immediatelyligatured above thebite, and either cut outthe bitten part, or burnout with acid nitrateof mercury. (This ismuch more reliablethan lunar caustic, ornitrate of silver.) Evenafter three or four days,the bite should betreated in this manner.Much can be accom-plished by coolness andpresence of mind, bothon the part of pa-tient and attendant.Relief may be affordedby injections of mor-phia under the skin,ice to the spine, in-halations of chloroformand cold baths. Mostcases have terminatedfatally thus far.

AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE.HYSTERIA.

(Neurosis.)This is a singular

disease, and may re-semble almost anyother. Its signs are :

great emotional sensi-bility ; laughing; cry-ing; shouting; partialloss of will-power;twitching of the mus-cles ; changes of theskin, “ goose flesh ;

”

neuralgic headache;retention, diminution,or entire suppressionof urine. During thefit, sighing, sobbing,laughing, gesticula-tion, choking; noisyand irregular breath-ing; gurgling sound inthe throat; crying,yawning, full dischargeof urine; exhaustion ;sleep. There is seldomany frothing at themouth, and completeinsensibility rarely oc-curs. Pulse is regular,and tongue natural.

REMEDY.In cases of females,

(unless occurring atthe period of puberty,)a sudden dash of coldwater over the headand face is a certaincure. Ammonia to thenostrils ;

“ Melville’sCounter Irritant; ”

(bathe the head with it.)Warranted a sure cure.Galvanism ; aromaticspirits of ammoniaand tincture Valerianin equal parts, thirtydrops in small glassof water; bromide ofpotassium in ten graindoses every two hours.To very healthy girls,give tartar emetic inthe form of antimonialwine, in doses of adram, repeated two orthree times a day. Re-move corsets; correctbad habits, change ofscene; opium plasters,and galvanic battery.

All the “ Melville Remedies ” can be obtained at theoffice of F. C. Melville, Physician and Surgeon, No.1620 Richmond street, Philadelphia.


INDIGESTION.(See Dyspepsia.) Page

51.

REMEDY.I lmve experienced

the best results fromsmall doses of calomel,say one eighth or one-tenth of a grain rubbedin sugar and given everyfour hours for a fewdays; mineral waters:—Saratoga; Vichy;Kissengen ; ice-water.Give opium to relievethe pain ; dilute nitro-muriatic acid water toneutralize the jaundice.Regulate the diet care-fully. Give milk andbeef essence. Avoidsolid food, especiallyfatty and sweet sub-stances, until the acutesymptoms subside.After that, counterirritation; give a ca-thartic of calomel, cas-tor oil, rhubarb andmagnesia.

INFLAMMATION.(Catarrh of the

Bile-ducts.)Signs. — Pain and

soreness in the rightribs; constipation;sickness at the stom-ach ; fever and head-ache ; in three or fourdays the eyes assume ayellow, jaundiced ap-pearance, which some-times spreads over thewhole body. Later thefever ceases, and theskin becomes cold, dryand harsh ; pulse slowand feeble; tonguecoated; great weakness;urine of a brownishcolor; faeces light col-ored, pasty and offen-sive. Itching of theskin; yellow vision;liver appears swollen;and gall bladder sore.(General signs will varyaccording to the sever-ity of the attack.)


INTERMITTENTFEVER.

(See Fever andAgue, Chills and

Fever.) Page 32.

INTESTINAL OB-STRUCTION.

(Stoppage.)This is produced by

eating improper food;sudden cold; internalinjuries, and othercauses.

Signs.—Obstinateconstipation ; head-ache; constant desireto have stool; faintness,exhaustion and some-times insensibility. Thetongue is coated andthe pulse rapid andfeverish.

REMEDY.Give one of “ Mel-

ville’s Liver Powders,”followed by hot bath.If a passage is not thusobtained, make onedrop of Croton oil intofour pills with breadcrumb, and give oneevery half hour. Thisis generally believedto be a specific ; and ifit does not succeed,repeat until it does.

INTESTINALHEMORRHAGE.

(Melsena.)Signs.—In bad cases

the face becomes verypale; eyes glassy; faint-ness; rumbling soundin ears; pulse weak;or ceases at the wrist ;

REMEDY.Best in bed: mustard

plasters cold, or hoppoultices, or ice to tliebowels: give alum-whey, freely; gallic acidtwo drams, and syrupof cinnamon fourounces; mix, and givedessertspoonful every

72 VESSEL-MASTEE’S MEDICAL MANUALtwo hours. Liquid sub-sulphate of iron one-half ounce, and lauda-num one quarter ounce.Mix, and give fifteendrops every hour.

convulsions; f a 11 i n g.Death may occur beforeany blood appears ex-ternally. If not, thencomes a desire to go tostool, and blood willpass freely.

JACK YELLOW.(Yellow Jack.)See Yellow Fever,

page 54.

REMEDY.Graduate your reme-

dies to the varioussymptoms as they ap-pear. “ Melville’s LiverPowders” are alwr ays inorder; or any goodliver pills. Ten grainsof blue mass, followedby one ounce of thecompound syrup ofrhubarb ; warm baths;leeches over the liver;laxatives after painsubsides. Prevent re-currence ; exclude fromdiet all sweet and fattysubstances. Use leanmeats; eggs, fish, fruits,and well cooked vege-tables may be eatenfreely. A little good

JAUNDICE.(Icterus, Morbus

Regius.)This is a yellow ting-

ing of the skin, withthe coloring matter ofthe bile : comes gener-ally from a torpid anddiseased liver. Signs.— General indisposi-tion ; loss of appetite ;sickness at stomach;vomiting; pain andtenderness in the bow-els ; headache and gid-diness, especially whenstooping; constipation;clay - colored stools ;urine unnaturally col-ored ; jaundice ; yellowvision, not always pres-


ent. A terrible itchingof the skin immediatelyafter the appearance ofthe jaundice is alwayspresent. Dilute sulphuric acid is said tobe a specific.

wine may be taken, butno beer, ale, porter, orstrong liquors must beindulged in.

N. B.—Proper care ofthe liver will, in mostcases, prevent the ap-pearance of jaundice,which always resultsfrom an over supply ofbile in that organ.

JUNE COLD.(Rose Cold, HayAsthma.)—See HayFever, page 56.

KIDNEY DIS-EASE.

See Bright’s Disease,page 26.

KIDNEY,(Cancer of the.)

Signs.—S o r e n e s sand pain in the back;formation of tumors inthe region of the kid-neys ; cancerousgrowths in other parts,emaciation; debility;exhaustion and a feel-ing of prostration.

REMEDIESmust be applied to thevarious symptoms asthey arise. For thecancer, little or noth-ing can be done. Givelight, generous, nutri-tive diet. Keep up thestrength, with quininedaily, etc., etc.

REMEDY.Place the patient in

a recumbent position,and coniine the kidneyin its place bv a proper

KIDNEY, MOVA-BLE.

Signs.—(This dis-ease is frequently

74 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALcaused in women, bynumerous births; tightlacing; violence, andother causes.) Sense ofweight and draggingpain in walking; chilliness; vomiting; pros-tration ; soreness onpressure; and generaldisturbance of thestomach and bowels.The right kidney isgenerally affected.

bandage. Operationsare sometimes resortedto, to confine the kid-ney in its natural position. Keep the bowelsopen by means of gen-tle laxatives. Attendto the urine; light diet.Treat symptoms asthey occur.

KIDNEY NEPH-RITIS.

(Tubercular,) (In-flammation.)

(This is an inflamma-tory state ending intumors, tubercles andpus. One kidney onlyis generally diseased.)Signs.—Pain and un-easiness in the small ofthe back ; loss of flesh,and general wastingaway; urine in timebecomes bloody; andpus settles at the bot-tom of the urinal. Thetesticles sometimesswell, and are sore: atumor sometimes formsand may be felt in theabdomen. Then more

REMEDY.When the foregoing

symptoms are clearlymarked and well de-fined, the affected kid-ney may be removed,—taken out, withoutmuch difficulty, andwith a fair chance ofsaving the patient’slife. Most kidney diseases come stealing onus with such silent andgradual approach, thatthey have establishedtheir sovereignty and“come to stay ” beforewe are aware of it. Atthe first notice, then,begin to treat. Teasof buchu and uvaursi, made like common


marked signs of inflam-mation appear: morepus appears in theurine, and the act of

it becomes dif-ficult and painful.When the disease be-comes chronic, a sub-stance called albumen,and resembling thewhite of eggs, withblood and pus, appearsin the urine.

breakfast tea, and par-taken of daily with free-dom ; hydrangea root,one ounce to a pint ofwater, boiled to one-half pint, is said to bea preventative and curein early stages.

REMEDY.Confinement in a

warm, moistroom, tem-perature 68 to 7(PF.; puta basin of water on thestove, that the patientmay constantly breathethe vapor ; give tinct.aconite, two grains insmall glass of water,every three hours to anadult, and one grainto a child every fourhours. At night, tengrains Dover’s Powder,For cough and pain,small doses of opium ;

LARYNGITIS,ACUTE.

(Inflammation ofthe Larynx.)

(The term “ lar-ynx”*) signifies a“ whistle,” and in po-pular understandingsignifies the throat.Those affected withlaryngitis complain of44 sore throat.”

Signs.—Tickling;soreness ; pain ; hoarse-ness; cough; (in chil-dren) hard breathing;

*The larynx is composed of cartilages, muscles,glands, and ligaments; and is designed as an air-pas-sage in breathing.

76 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALdryness of the throat;flushed face; difficultyip breathing and swal-lowing ; croupy symp-toms, and in severe caseschildren sometimeschoke to death from im-possibility to get theirbreath. Moderate casescommence with chillsand fever. Blood stran-gulation and the forma-tion of tumors arecommon.

quinine in full doses;hot poultices (hops arebest) to the throat; orbags of hot sand or salt,or compresses of hotwater; syrup of marshmallow; warm sugarand water; hot milkand Seltzer water inequal parts: good sus-taining diet. No to-bacco in any form.

REMEDY.As this disease most

commonly occurs topainters, change of oc-cupation may be recom-mended. Give dilutesulphuric acid ten tofifteen drops in full glasswater three or fourtimes a day ; sulphurbaths ; iodide of potas-sium; commences withfive grains, and in-crease to thirty. Forcolic, ten grains calo-mel and two of opium,followed by dose ofsalts or castor oil; ifparalysis, electricity.Give a nutritive diet;plenty ofmilk a nd othereasily digested food.

LEAD POISON-ING.

(Plumfoism, Pain-ter’s Colic.)

This disease generallyshows itself by a blackcrust around the teethWhich decayvery quick-ly ; a bluish line is seenon the gums ; a generalWasting away; harsh,dry skin and sallow,putty complexion ; eye-balls yellowish ; thirst;offensive breath ; pulseslow and feeble ; tonguecoated brown a n dslimy; severe constipa-tion; pinehed-up belly;sickness at stomach andvomiting; belching of


wind and hiccough ;headache and local pa-ralysis, especially in themuscles of the arm andwrist. After the useof iodide of potassium,(which is always indi-cated in these cases,)lead may be found inthe urine.

(Some physicians thinkmilk a preventative ofpainter’s and plumber’scolic. The experimentcan be cheaply tried.)Take sulphate of mag-nesia one grain ; dfl.sulph. acid and tinct.hyoscyamus each twen-ty drops; camphorwater two ounces. Re-peat every four hours.

LIPS, CHAPPED.Also Chapped

Hands.Chapped lips may be

caused by the presenceof fever, by exposure tocertain winds, and bynumerous other causes.The hands of some per-sons also chap, andbecome sore and troub-lesome. All these evilsmay be remedied withlittle care and expense.

REMEDIES.Cosmoline is gener-

ally believed to be acertain and permanentcure for chapped lipsand hands. The fol-lowing remedy we war-rant : Take glycerineone and a-lialf ounces,rose water two and a-half ounces, shake welltogether and rub wellinto the chapped skin.Nothing can be better.

LEU CORRHCE A.(Whites: Fluor Al-

bus.)This is a discharge

from the female womborvagina. A whitish or

REMEDY.Various remedies are

suggested, as syringingwith alum water, whiteoak bark, tannic acid,(weak solution,) etc.

78 VESSEL-MASTEK’3 MEDICAL MANUALyellow-white discharge,proceeding generallyfrom displacement ofthe womb. All womenare liable to it, wives,widows, maids, andeven children. Fleshywomen are most af-flicted with it. It isalways the forerunnerof severe womb troub-les, and should neverbe neglected for onehour. It producesgreat weakness.

But wherever so im-portant an organ as thewomb is involved, acompetent physicianshould be consulted atonce. The writer hasmade this subject aspecial study for years,and guarantees a cureto all who will followhis directions.

See k - Melville’s Fam-ily Medicines.”

RIVER, ABSCESSOF.

(Hepatic Abscess.)In this disease, the

skin generally becomesdry and harsh, head-aches, bilious vomit-ing; pains in back andlimbs, chilliness; somefever, and nightsweats; prostration;wasting away; andsometimes diarrhoeaand dysentery. Cir-cumstances over whichneither patient norphysician have anycontrol frequently in-dicate absorption of

REMEDY.Give fifteen grains of

quinine every fourhours while the patientis awake. (As a gen-eral rule, never awakena patient to administermedicine: sleep is byfar the best medicinehe can have.) Opiumin one-half grain dosesevery six or eight hoursto relieve pain. Tur-pentine drafts over theseat of the abscess;and if pus collects, openand let it out; care-fully cleaning the pus-cavity: apply blisters.

AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUILE. 79

the abscess. In suchcases, the above-men-tioned symptoms sub-side; on the other hand,they increase: thetongue is coated, andyellowish brown. Pulseirregular — sometimesincreasing—sometimesretarding; dry cough;difficult breathing;every movement be-comes painful, andevery bone in the sys-tem seems sore. Specialpain in one or bothshoulders.

leeches, alkalies, pur-gatives. (In warm andinfected countries, givechloride of ammoniain fifteen grain dosestwice a day as preventa-tives.) Let the diet benutritive, and strength-ening. Milk punch ;egg-nog: good port orsherry wine, whiskeyor brandy in smallquantities.

LIVER, SHRINK-ING OF.

(Malignant Jaun-dice.)

Signs. —Headache ;loss of appetite; sick-ness at stomach ; vom-iting ; soreness in thebowels; constipation;jaundiced appearance,gradually increasing;slight fever. As thedisease advances, thetongue becomes dryand coated brown;pulse extremely irregu-lar, varying from 75 to

REMEDY.This disease is fre-

quently the result ofcatarrh of the stomach;yellow fever ; childbedfever; chronic jaun-dice, and other kindreddiseases. All of whichsee. Deal with thevarious symptoms ofthis disease as theyarise : The brain symp-toms are met with theuse of bromide of potas-sium orchloral hydrate,in doses which thesymptomsrequire. Givesyrup of the phosphates

80 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL1-50 beats per minute.The breath becomesfoul, and the stomachejects a coffee coloreddischarge; soreness inthe kidney region ; sizeof liver decreases; insome cases so rapidlythat it may be observedfrom day to day. Theconstipation is fre-quently followed by afree discharge of tarry-looking matter fromthe bowels; (intestinalhemorrhage,) urinecontains blood.

in teaspoonful dosesevery two hours;sponge baths nightly;generous, light diet,and alcoholic stimu-lants in cases of feebleheart action. Alwaysgive great attention tocleanliness and ventila-tion : this is the soulof sick-room religion.

Wm. It. Warner’s“Syrup of the Phos-phates” is pure andreliable.

LIVER, CONGES-TION OF.

(Hyperaemia of theLiver.)

Sig’ns. — Weariness,listlessness, aching ofthe limbs; headache;nausea; great heat atnight; soreness of thebowels and stomach;tongue coated with yel-lowish mucus; pulselanguid, and irregular;muddy aspect of thecomplexion; stomachgenerally in an unset-tled condition; urine

REMEDY.As soon as the gen-

eral symptoms of thisdisease appear, put thepatient in bed and giveone of “Melville’sLiverPowders,” cool lemon-ade as a drink. Givecitrate of magnesia orCongress water; poul-tices of hops, or turpen-tine drafts over theliver; hot cloths; hotsalt or sand bags;sponge bath, leeches tothe region over theliver. If malaria, usequinine in ten grain


contains unnaturalcolored matter, some-times whitish, at othersreddish; and sometimesin severe cases vomit-ing of bile, and similardischarges from theanus. The eyes becomedull and lustreless;bile is detected in everypart of the system, anda general all-broken-up-ative-ness i s exper-ienced. Ambition islost.

doses threeor four timesa day. Extreme careof the diet; no sweetor starchy food formonths. Give goodlean rare beefsteak ormutton-chops, roast-beef rare; few vegeta-bles. Small quantityRhine wine. AlsoWarner’s “ Syrup of thePhosphates ” freely.

LOCK-JAW.(Tetanus, Trismus.)

Signs.—Stiffness inthe back of the neck,and constant twingesof pain; difficulty intalking and in swallow-ing ; rigid spasmodicaction of the musclesof the jaw; extendingto the neck, chest andeven to the limbs; greatrigidity of all the vol-untary muscles, exceptthose of the hands,tongue and eyeballs;the mouth becomeselongated; breathingvery difficult and swal-lowing almost impos-

REMEDY.Ascertain the cause

and remove it asquicklyas possible. If causedby a wound, cut, orcauterize it; divide aninjured nerve. Chloralhydrate ten grains,with bromide of potas-sium fifteen grains maybe given every threehours. Some use in-jections under the skin,chloral ten or fifteento twenty-five or thirtygrains; opium in fulldoses; inhalation ofchloroform. (In admin-istering chloroform,always mix one-eighth


spirits turpentine withthe chloroform to pre-vent the stopping ofthe heart’s action.)Whiskey or brandy todrunkenness; vaporbaths; absolute quiet;nutritious diet, when itcan be taken.

sible; spasmodic pria-pism. The face becomesanxious, distressed andterror-stricken; deathoccurs from impossi-bility of breathing, orexhaustion. Tempera-ture and pulse arisevery high.

REMEDY.If circumstances per-

mit, a n immediatechange of air and cli-mate is recommended.If not, daily gentle ex-ercise in the open air ;perfect ventilation;tepid baths everymorn-ing, (morning is alwaysthe best time for bath-ing,) and a good stimu-lating diet. Take nocod-liver oil. Eat goodrare beef and mutton,with plenty of well-cooked vegetables, withmilk, tea, coffee, smallquantities of stimu-lants, as whiskey,brandy and good nativewines: syrup of thephosphates, quinine inten grain (.loses, orDover’s Powder tengrains at night. For

LUNGS, CON-SUMPTION OP.(Pulmonary Con-

sumption.)This is a state of

chronic inflammationof the lungs which mayresult from variouscauses.

Signs.—Dry hack-ing cough ; dull, linger-ing pain in the side,generally left side ;hectic fever, with rapidloss of flesh andstrength ; decadenceof appetite; great weak-ness ; aversion to exer-tion ; loss of temper;fretfulness. Tonguecovered with a nastywhitish coat; pulsegenerally unnaturallyrapid and jerky; voicebecomes hoarse or

AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 83husky; night sweats;rise of temperature;unsteadiness of gait;changeful ness oftastes; distrust ofeverybody ; dispositionto find fault; entireloss of energy and am-bition.

night sweats, dilutenitro-muriatic acidtwenty drops in pint ofwater drank freely,anda lunch at night.

MALARIA.(Malarial Fever,

Camp Fever.)This is a compound

form of disease, aris-ing from miasma, inlow and damp locali-ties; malarial poison;cro wd i n g hum an bein gstogether without suffi-cient ventilation ; pri-vation, want of properfood and other causes;signs are very similarto those of fever andague, and typhoidtypes.

REMEDY.Get out of the mala-

rial district as soon aspossible ; give full dosesof quinine, and see tothe sewerage and ven-tilation ; full diet, andseparation wherecrowding has beenpractised; even tem-perature ; and flannelnext the skin; adoptthe same remedies as in“ Chills andFever.”

REMEDIES.Keep the patient by

himself; rest in bed;darken and ventilatethe room; keep eventemperature 70° F.;warm drinks to drive

MEASLES.(Morbilli, Rubeola.)

This disease is mostlyconfined to children.Signs are weariness;soreness of the muscles;pains in the head and

84 VESSEL-MASTER'S MEDICAL MANUALback ; heat; languor;irritability; restless-ness. About the fourthday a rash appears,which spreads over theentire person; fadeswithin two days andleaves a coppery shade.

out the rash; avoiddraughts; keep the*bowels open and regu-lar ; milk diet; if rest-less and wakeful, threeor four grains Dover’sPowder at night; tepidsponge baths daily.

Adults are rarely at-tacked with measles;and when such attacksdo occur, great caremust be taken to pre-vent taking cold. It isalmost always fatal.

MANIA A POTU.See Delirium Tre-mens, page 22.

MIGRAINE.(Sick Headache.) SeeHeadache, page 64.

MUMPS.(Parotitis.)

Signs.—Some chilli-ness and fever; head-ache ; thirst; loss ofappetite; vomiting (insome cases;) sorenessand swelling of theglands (parotid,) underthe ears, extending for-ward and upward on theface, and downward toand upon the neck. Thevoice is mu filed, andspeech difficult ; swell-ing reaches its heightin three to five days. Inadults, (men,) swelling

REMEDY.Keep the patient in

the house and in bedin severe cases. Openthe bowels first, andthen keep them regular.Paint with iodine atfirst appearance.Sponge baths (warm)daily. Give tinct. ofaconite, in two or threedrop doses, every twoor three hours. Abscessmust be poulticed withslippery elm bark andflaxseed meal, andopened at the propertime. If the testicles

AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 85of the testicles is veryliable to occur. Andin females the breasts,lips of the birth-placeand uterus may be af-fected.

swell, apply hot hoppoultices with lauda-num. Light diet, milk,beef tea, chicken broth,eggs, etc., etc.

REMEDY.Absolute rest; dry

cupping over the spine;avoid lying on the back;place hot applicationsto the back, every threeor four hours ; mustardplasters the entirelength of the spine;give from three to fivegrains of quinine everythree or four hours, oro n e-q u arte r to one-half grain of bella-donna every four hours;give a full, nutritiousdiet; plenty of beef andmutton, milk, ripefruits, and well-cookedvegetables. (Some phy-sicians recommend al-coholic stimulants. Myexperience condemnsthem entirely.) Bathewith alcohol to preventbed sores; and neverallow pressure on onepart long at a time.

MYELITIS.(Inflammation o f

the Spinal Cord.)Signs.—A sense of

constriction, (binding,as with a belt,) aroundthe entire body abovethe hips ; pain and sore-ness of limbs; twitch-ing, tremors, andspasms in certaingroups of muscles ; rest-lessness; paralysis ofmotion; irritability,with loss of power overthe bladder and rec-tum; shrinking of themuscles; urine pussy orstreaked with blood;obstinate constipation ;breath foul and fetid ;tongue covered with agrayish coat; pulse ir-regular; sometimesfifty, sometimes onehundred and fifty; com-plexion sallow; eyeslusterless; dull, linger-

86 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALTwo parvules of

podophyllin, adminis-tered three times a day,will reestablish andregulate the peristalticaction and relieve hab-itual constipation, addtone to the liver, andinvigorate the digestivefunctions. For sale byWm. R. Warner & Co.,1228 Market Street.

ing pain in the back,sides, and in the regionof the bladder.

NEPHRITIS.(Renal Conges-

tion.)(See Bright’s Dis-

ease, First Stage,page 20.)

NAUSEA.(Sickness at Stom-

ach, desire tovomit.)This is more a symp-

tom of a disease thanthe disease itself, andoccurs in a great manyof the diseases to whichhumanity is heir. As-certain thecause, whichmay be the eating ofunsuitable food orsuitable food at un-suitable time; heat ofthe sun ; nervousness;pregnancy; over-exer-tion and ten thousandother causes.

REMEDY.Aromatic spirits of

ammonia; citrate ofmagnesia ; lime waterand sweet milk in equalparts. (To make limewater, put one ounceof unslacked lime in apint of boiled water,and let stand until itsettles, and pour offinto bottle and corktightly for use.) Takea good purgative oremetic. Fifteen dropswine of ipecac in table-spoonful of water.



NIGHT SWEATS.Like the above, this

is rather a symptomthan an independentdisease. It is alwaysaccompanied with greatweakness, and loss ofappetite, and leads tonumberless evils. Checkit promptly.

REMEDY.Sleep in flannel, in a

well-ventilated room ;warm sponge baths(salt water) at nightand cold (with friction)in the morning; elixirof vitriol twenty dropsin half pint water threetimes in a day, and coldsage tea freely.

NERVOUSNESS.This is not a disease,

but a whole family ofdiseases, and an ex-ceedingly numerousfamily at that. It iscaused by all sorts ofviolations of the lawsof health, and all sortsof people are afflictedwith it. It is indicatedin an unusual numberof different ways. Theuse of tobacco; theexcessive use of tea andcoffee, opium, arsenic,and other narcoticpoisons; in ladies, tightlacing, womb troubles,change of life, andnumerous other causes,produce an utter pros-tration of the nervous

REMEDY.Remove the cause:

search well into yourpersonal habits; andcorrect what is wrongthere. Renounce thefashions and follies ofsociety and live like anaccountable Christian.“ Resist the devil (offashion,) and he willflee from you.” Livea regular life, devotethe day to its duties,and the night to sleep;take daily gentle exer-cise in the open air;a good bath in themorning; rub the skinuntil a glow appears;quit alcoholic stimu-lants, opium, andtobacco in all their

88 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALsystem: then followdyspepsia, sick head-ache, derangement ofthe stomach, palpita-tion of the heart; en-tireprostration.

forms; drink no greentea. Take a generousdiet of beef and mutton,milk, and fruits andvegetables. Keep reg-ular hours, and aboveall, a clear conscience.

NEURALGIA.(Tic Douloureux.)There are various

species of neuralgia;or, more correctly, asapplied to the variousnerves. Signs.—Neu-ralgic pain is generallyconfined to the affectednerve and its branches;shooting pains, at ir-regular intervals; painin shoulder, arm andhand of one side ; some-times in the breasts(females;) an eruptionwhich creeps over thesurface of the skin ; itfrequently attacks thenerves of the jaws,particularly w herethere is decayed teeth,and the pain in suchcasesamounts to agony.Sleep is out of the ques-tion ; the sufferer istoo angry to eat, and

REMEDY.Remove any local irri-tating cause. I f caused

by decaying teeth, havethem taken out; attendto the general health;avoid exposure to

| draughts, and suddenI atmospheric changes.If caused by malaria,rheumatism, gout,syphilis, or metallicpoisons, give quinine,arsenic, iron, opium,morphia, aconite, insmall but oft repeateddoses. “'Melville’sMagic NenralgiaCure,”(large bottles, onedollar.) is warrantedto relieve any case ofneuralgia in ten min-utes. “Thompson’s So-lution of Phosphorus”is good. Take quininetwo drams, morphiathree grains, strych-


life for the time beingbecomes a burden.Verily, he loseth histemper.

nia two grains, arse-nious acid three grains.Make sixty pills, threedaily.

When neuralgia iscaused by syphilis, as ismany times the case,patient should at onceconsult a competentphysician, as he mayotherwise do himselflasting injury.

OPHTHALMIA.See Eye Disease

Page 52.

OBSTRUCTION,(Intestinal.)

See StoppagePage 71.

OZ-ZENA.(Chronic Nasal Ca-

tarrh.)Signs.— In term p-

tion of breathingthrough the nose ; withoffensive yellowishmucous discharge ; of-fensive breath ; (pa-tients may detect itthemselves;) ulcera-tion ; decay of thecartilages of the nose;serious injury to, orperhaps entire destruc-tion of, the sense ofsmell; large lumps ofoffensive mucus of agreenish color are oftenthrown into the throat

REMEDIES.Cleanse the passages

of the nose, and loosenand remove the secre-tions ; wash out thenasal passages withwarm water one pint,tinct. arnica five drops;use one-half at eachapplication. Commonsalt, teaspoonful to apint of water; iodinetwo to five drops (asthe tenderness of thepassage will bear) to apint of water, or per-manganate of potas-sium two to five grainsto pint of (always tepid)water: apply with a

90 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALby forced breathingthrough the nose andare coughed up; ifneglected, the otherorgan s—-throat andlungs —may becomediseased.

“ cotton-mop ” an oint-ment, of cosmoline fiveparts, pulv. arnicaleaves one part.

PALPITATION(Of the Heart.)

See also “ Heart Dis-ease,” Page 65.

“Palpitation” is theform of heart diseasemost commonly notedand treated by domes-tic means. It occursgenerally between theages of fifteen andforty five, and bothsexes are equally liable.

REMEDY.The following pre-

scription is highlyrecommended : — Taketinct. digitalis twodrams, tinct. aconiteroot andt inct. Ameri-can hellebore of eachone dram; mix, and givethree or four dropsthree times a day.Aloin Parvule, II.

1 10 gr.—A most desir-able cathartic. Dosesfour to six at once. Thisnumber taken at oncewill be found to exertan easy, prompt andample cathartic effectunattended with nau-sea, and in all respectsproducing a most desir-able aperient and ca-thartic result.

PALSY.(“Bell’s Palsy.’’)

See Paralysis, belowr .PAINTER’S

COLIC.See Cramps, page 39.

Any of Dr. Melville’s Remedies will be sent to vessel*when ordered by mail, C. O. D.


PARALYSIS.(Duclienne’s Pa-

ralysis.)Signs.—Weakness

of the muscles; awk-ward swaggering gait;patient walks with hislegs spread apart.Numbness and loss ofsensation in the back,arms, trunk and some-times face; difficultyof arising from sittingposture; claw-like de-formity of the toes;and in the end, utterhelplessness.

REMEDY.Give tonics, as soon

as the disease is knownto exist. Use coldsponge baths with con-stant friction. Cut thehair close and shampoothe head: give tengrains of quinine andone-sixtieth of a grainof strychnia, threetimes a day. Full,generous diet and elec-tricity.

REMEDY.Give opium to relieve

the pain ; put turpen-tine drafts above thepubes; let the turpen-tine remain on five orsix minutes, then re-move and put on hotmush poultices; qui-nine in large doses atfirst (suy twenty grains)and smaller doses (teng r a i ns) afterwards :

diet liquid and cool;at same time strength-ening. Absolute rest.The treatment of

PERITONITIS.(Inflammation oftlie Peritoneum.)If primary, the first

Signs are, generally,slight chills and fever;severe pains in the1 o w e r a b d o m e n ;marked stiffness of themuscles of the belly;vomiting; intense pain,commencing above thepubes, and rapidly ex-tending over the abdo-men ; cutting pains in-creased by the slightest

92 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALtouch; fever; prostra-tion ; short breath ;tongue red and slightlycoated ; pulse feverishand irregular, duringthe intense pain snap-py ; constipation;urinescanty and highly col-ored ; countenance anx-ious and pinched;eyes surrounded bylivid circles;' skinwrinkled; corpse-likeodor; voice husky;may be delirious; orclear.

chronic peritonitis isgoverned solely by thestate of • the disease ;

tonic treatment is gen-erally indicated, withiodine, or iodine andoil, (ten grains of iodineto an ounce of oil;)nutrients and stimu-lants as diet.

REMEDY.Open the bowels free-

ly with “ Melville’sLiver Powder,” orsome good catharticpills. Then give of theoil of the erigeron cana-densis ten drops in atablespoonful of milktwice a day: (this herbis commonly known asCanada fleabane ; colts-tail, horse-weed, etc.,etc.) This is regai'dedby many southern phy-sicians as a specific forpiles. A good pilesalve is made with sixparts of cosmoliue, and

PILES.(Haemorrhoids,Bleeding Piles.)Signs.—At first, a

slight itching sensa-tion, in and around thefundament; a sense ofheat and fulness of therectum ; a dull heavyweight in the lowerpart of back and in theregion of the belly ; un-easiness in sitting orwalking about; greatagony in passing thestools; the rectum be-comes swollen, tender,and can scarcely be

A1TD FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 93

touched; intensethrobbing and pulsa-tion in those parts;tumors; when thesebreak, and dischargetheir contents, reliefquickly follows untilnew tumors form.Internal piles are en-larged veins, and ateach stool the rectumappears to turn inside-out, and must be re-placed with the finger.

two of tannic acid.Give a light, easilydigested diet; use noalcoholic stimu-lants, nor beer nortobacco. Take gen-tle exercise in the openair daily, and warmsponge baths.

PRAGUE.

(Pestis, Pesti-lentia.)

This disease closelyresembles our typhusfever, in its appearance;but is distinguishedfrom it by the absenceof a rash, and the pres-ence of buboes andbiles. It is prevalentin most of the ports ofthe West India Islands,and of South America.Signs.—A low fever;chills; restlessness;headache ; giddiness ;pains in the muscles;great thirst; vomitingand diarrhoea, with of-

REMEDY.See that the patient’s

room is thoroughlyventilated; open thebowels freely; thengive stimulants; tonicsand mineral acids ; thediet should be nutri-tious, consisting ofbeef, mutton, milk andfruits; cold spongebaths daily; paintbuboes and carbuncleswith iodine and scatterthem if possible: ifnot, apply poultices;avoid putridity; scat-ter chloride of limearound the ship orroom, and give thepatient to drink, dilute

94 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALfensive stools; hurriedbreathing; foul breath;eyes muddy and some-times bloodshot; pulseincreased, but weak,and irregular; tonguethickly coated, and be-comes dry, brown andnearly black ; urinescanty, sometimesstops; delirium;stupor; convulsions;death.

muriatic acid, fifteendrops in a pint of water,to be drank freely. Forany further directionsfor treatment, see Ty-phus Fever.

One of the most im-portant items in thetreatment of plague isthe prompt removal ofthe patient’s fasces.This must be attendedto without delay, as thehealth of all presentdepends upon it.PULMONARY

CONSUMPTION.—See L u n g Com-plaint, page 82.

POISONING.In case of swallowing poisons (by children) it

is always well to know how to act promptly: inanother place I will give more full directionsfor this important treatment. Always keepground mustard seed in the house, and in allcases of poisoning, give a spoonful in a glass ofwarm water.

The following are a few of the most commonpoisons, as well as the most common and easilyobtained remedies:

Arsenic, and all arsenical preparations; givefreely warm water, and warm new milk; tea-spoonful white vitriol, in warm water; whiteof eggs, gruel and flaxseed tea.

For Autimonial Poisoning- (tartar-emetic),


give tannic acid; strong decoction of greentea; oak bark; Peruvian bark; a grain of opium,or thirty drops of laudanum, in sweetenedwater; repeat every half hour.

For Mercury in all its forms of poison,give teaspoonful of saleratus in warm water,(cup full;) whites of eggs; flour and water,fresh milk ; weak lye.

For Strychnine (mix vomica and dog but-ton), give quick emetic; spirits camphor; chlo-roform.

For Oxalic Acid, give powdered chalk;magnesia and water; lime-water ; oil; after-wards cathartic.

Prussic Acid. This poison is so active thatit is almost impossible to find a remedy rapidenough to arrest it. Itemedy : Inject chlorineinto the stomach ; or oxide of iron; apply ice tothe spine ; galvanic battery.

Nitric and Sulphuric Acids (oil of vitrioland aqua fortis), give freely magnesia or chalkand water; strong soap-suds; wood ashes andsweet milk; don’t use too much water.

For Copper Poisoning- (blue vitriol, or bluestone), give white of eggs; vinegar; verystrong coffee; saleratus water ; sweet milk andan emetic.

For Nitrate of Silver Poisoning (lunarcaustic), give salt and water; sweet milk ; cas-tor and sweet oils.

ForAlkalies (caustic potash, ammonia, lime,Note.—According to the Scientific Californian an

instantaneous remedy in cases ofpoisoning consists of aheaping teaspoonful of salt and the same quantity ofground mustard stirred in a teacup of warm or coldwater and swallowed instantly.


etc.), give vinegar freely; flaxseed tea; milk ;sweet oil; lard ; lard oil.

For Lead. Poisoning (red lead, sugar oflead, etc.), give Epsom salts ; plaster of Paris ;magnesia ; brisk emetics.

For Opium Poisoning (laudanum, mor-phia, etc.), give a prompt emetic ; afterwards,very strong coffee or tea ; tinct. nut galls; usestomach pump and force the patient to walk.

For other Narcotic Poisons (baneberries,tobacco, wild parsley, nightshade, hemlock,jimson weed, etc., etc.), give mustard emetic ;fresh milk ; sweet oil; strong coffee; dash coldwater in the face; keep the patient awake andmoving around.

For CantharidalPoisoning (Spanish flies),give large doses of sweet oil; spirits of cam-phor; sweet milk; injections of starch water,or camphor water ; drink freely of flaxseed tea;injections of spirits.

General liule. After poisons that causevomiting, pain in the stomach, and purging,give fresh milk ; whites of raw eggs ; sweet oil;butter ; chalk ; magnesia, etc., etc. After acidpoisons, give alkalies, as saleratus, lime water,weak lye, etc., etc. After poisons that produceraving, delirium, or sleepiness, give emeticsand stimulants, such as camphor, strong coffee,mustard water, and keep the patient wide awakeby any and every means in your power. Whenyou are ignorant of what the patient has taken,and consequently do not know what to give, itis always safe to give a mixture of red oxide ofiron, pulv. charcoal and magnesia, in equalparts in teaspoonful doses, mixed in a cup ofwarm water every thirty minutes or oftener.

AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 97also give large doses of sweet oil. Always bearin mind that olive oil is an antidote for allvegetable and animal poisons, and for many ofthe mineral poisons also; therefore never bewithout it on shipboard and in the house.Give it freely.

PLEURISY.(Pleuritis, Inflam-

mation of thePleura.)Signs. — Chilliness;

fever; short dry cough;sharp, cutting painunder the nipple of theaffected side, which isincreased by breathing;sickness at the stom-ach ; sometimes vomit-ing ; pulse increasedin rapidity, but hardand small; tonguebrown, or whitishbrown; diminishedbreathing; gratingsound of the breath;disposition to favor theaffected side; secondstage, excessive sweat-ing and breaking out,and pain continues;signs more marked;pectoral vibrations (ifany) cease in the thirdstage. As the fluid is

REMEDY.Put the patient in

bed, and if a strong,healthy subject, bleed,leech or cup him; thengive opium in dosessufficient to neutralizethe pain: quinine forthree or four days ; coolsaline drinks; keep thebowels open; givetinct. aconite root one-half drop every fifteenminutes for two hours—then once an hour forfour oi; six hours ; hoppoultices; mustardplasters; turpentinedrafts;blisters; iodine.(This should be ap-plied when the pain isfirst felt, and the attackwill be much lighter.)Nutritious liquid diet;keep the patient in-doors, until the exuda-tion is absorbed.

Turpentine drafts areapplied as follows: wet

98 VESSEL-MASTEK’S MEDICAL MANUALa piece of flannel(white) six inchessquare in turpentine,squeeze dry and layover the seat of thepain with a hot mushpoultice on top. Re-move the turpentine insix minutes and let thepoultice remain.

absorbed, the signsseem to appear in anentirely reversed order.

PYROSIS.(Formerly Gan-

grene, Burn.)See Water -Brash,

page 135.

QUINSY.(Cynanche Tonsil-

laris. )

Signs.—Sore throat;pain and difficulty inswallowing; redness, in-flammation, and swell-ing of the tonsils; drythroat; hoarseness;difficulty in breathing;fever; tongue foul,covered with dark,crusty coat; pulsequick, jerky and irreg-ular ; hearing becomesdeficient; sometimesdeafness occurs; severesymptoms increase;swallowing becomesalmost impossible; suf-focation seems immi-nent. The “almondsof the ears,” as somepersons term the ton-

REMEDY.Avoid sudden colds ;

wet feet; damp sleep-ing rooms; cold cur-rents of air ; and othercauses. On the firstappearance of the dis-ease, paint under theears with iodine, andtake a smart emetic oftinct.lobelia and ipecacin equal parts; tea-spoonful every twentyminutes until vomitingis produced. Drinkwarm sage tea through-out; vapor of hops,wormwood, hoar-hound, and catnipsteamed in vinegar,and inhaled into thelungs, hot as can beborne, will give imme-diate relief; make aliniment of one ounce


sils, are down, and thedisease sometimes endsin ulcers, which gatherand break.

each, of sweet oil, sas-safras oil, tinct. cay-enne and spirits turpen-tine and rub thethroat.

Aloin, Parv.—1-10gr. —Med. prop. — Amost desiiable cathar-tic. Dose.—Four tosix at once. Thisnumber of parvules,taken at any time, willbe found to exert aneasy, prompt, and am-ple cathartic effect, un-attended with nausea,and in all respectsfurnishing the mostdesirable aperient andcathartic preparationin use. For habitualconstipation, itreplaceswhen taken in singleparvules, the variousmedicated waters,with-out the quantity whichthey require as a dose,which fills the stomachand deranges the diges-tive organs. Wm. R.Warner & Co., 1228Market street.

QUAIN’S DIS-EASE.

See Heart Disease.

RABIES.See Hydrophobia.

RELAXINGFEVER.

See Fevers Gener-ally.

REMITTENTFEVER.

See Bilious Feyer,page 25.

RENAL ABSCESS.See Kidney Dis-

ease, page 26.

RHEUMATICGOUT.

See Gout, page 63.

RHEUMATICFEVER.

See Rheumatism,Acute and Ciiron-

100 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALRHEUMATISM,

CHRONIC.Signs.—Joints be-

come swollen and stiff;locomotion impeded;dull pain in joints, in-creased at night; mus-cles shrink away; tem-per becomes wiry, inconsequence of sleep-lessness ; feet some-timesswell. (See AcuteRheumatism.)

REMEDY.Avoid exposure; live

regularly; and wearflannel next the skin ;baths, warm, vapor,hot air, Turkish ; fulldiet and tonics ;

“ Mel-ville’s Elixir of Life; ”

quinine ; tinct. of iron :

muriate of ammonia;iodide of potassium-colchicum, etc., etc.

RHEUMATISM,ACUTE.

Signs. —Weariness;restlessness; sorenessand stiffness; thirst;constipation ; great andincreasing heat; urinescanty and feverish;pulse full and strong,

REMEDY.Avoid all exposure:

rest in bed, and sleepbetween blankets; wrapall the joints in rawcotton ; chest also; diet,milk, beef-tea, mutton-broth at regular intervals; drink barley

Note.—"Rheumatism. Among the recently discov-ered remedies for this terrible disease, none have beenmore successful than that known as “ Arturosia.”It is not a secret remedy, but is compounded of well-known ingredients, ami is pleasant to the taste, andharmonious to the stomach. It acts much morepromptly than many other remedies, and is not veryexpensive. William R. Warner & Co., 1228 MarketSt., Philadelphia, are agents for the sale of it, andphysicians’ supplies generally.


ranging from 85 to 120beats per minute;tongue coated withmoist, creamy fur, ordry, brown and fur-rowed ; brick-dust sed-iment in the urine, andsometimes resemblingthe white of an egg ;excessive pain at night;almost entire sleepless-ness, and in rare casesdelirium ; one or morejoints are inflamed ; itis hot, swollen, tenderand painful, especiallyat night; it sometimessuddenly disappearsfrom one place and ap-pears in another; andrelapses are common.

water and lemonadefreely; give bicarbonateof soda, one to twodramsevery four hours;quarter grain of opiumevery four hours ; lem-on juice freely ; tengrains of quinine everysix hours, alternatingwith ten grain doses ofiodide of potassium;warm sponge baths, andas much friction as canbe borne. If pain con-tinues, apply hot hoppoultices with lauda-num or belladonna, anduse chloroform lini-ment.

RICKETS.(Rachitis.)

This is a disease ofchildhood, and is man-ifested by crookednessof the long bones;crooked spine; protrud-ing belly ; big head andenlargement of spleenand liver; accompaniedby general debility. Thesigns are not clearlydefined, but the disease

REMEDY.Attend to the child’s

food; mix one quarterof lime water with themilk, and cream andsugar should be theprincipal diet—goat’smilk ; beef-tea ; milkpudding; bathe oftenin warm salt water;friction; bandage thebones, and put insplints. For gastric

102 VESSEL-MASTEE’S MEDICAL MANUALmakes its presenceknown by a quick andirregular pulse, andbrown coated tongue;temper becomes frac-tious, dull and peevish;profuse sweating aboutthe head and neck, es-pecially during sleep;enlargement of theveins ; pains in limbs;soreness of the body;restlessness at night;urine increased, andgenerally limy; bonesenlarge; spine curved;bones bent; teeth re-tarded; debilitated;helpless.

fever give “ GoldingBird’s Remedy,” orsmall doses ofmagnesia,followed with castoroil; pepsin and calasaya;wine of iron; mineralwaters; phosphorus indoses of one hundredthof a grain twice a day ;“ Syrup of the Phos-phates,” (Warner’s);should there be indica-tions of throat troubles,treat them on their firstappearance. Change ofscene and sea-air.

RINGWORM,(Herpes Circina-

tus.)This is a cutaneous

or skin disease, whichat times becomes ex-ceedingly troublesometo children, particular-ly to young children. Itis caused in many in-stances by neglect ofproper treatment dur-ing infancy, and inother cases it appearsto be hereditary, ap-

REMEDY.The bowels should be

moved with agentle lax-ative; a tepid bath inwhich one ounce ofpowdered borax is dis-solved, or an equalamount of bicarbonate(baking) soda ; dry witha soft linen towel. Aninfallible cure is said tobe, tobacco,two ounces,well boiled in a pint ofwater; add vinegar onegill, and strong lye one

AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE.gill; wash the eruptionfour to six times daily.Tobacco, however, is adangerous agent, andmust be used with greatcare. Castor oil oint-ment is excellent; as isbalsam of Peru, bloodroot and celandine.Make a circle outsidbthe sore with a sharpneedle. Don’t cut theskin.

Should the ringwormresult from impurity ofthe blood, as is some-times the case, givesyrup of stillingia fourounces, in which putiodide of potassium twodrams. Dose, teaspoon-ful three times a day.

pearing at an early age,and in an aggravatedform, and renderingthe life of the childmiserable. It is morefrequent in warm climates than in coldercountries. It runs incurved and sometimesin nearly circular lines;and when the blood isoverheated the itchingand burning is almostintolerable.

ROSEOLA.(Rubeola, German

Measles.)See Measles, page 83.

RUPTURE(of the Heart.)

Incurable. Deathsudden and certain.

SALIVATION.(Ptyalism, Mercu-rial Rheumatism.)Not a disease cor-

rectly, but a Sign,and a very dangerousand painful sign. Itsexistence is manifestbyan uneasy, grumblingsensation of the teeth ;

REMEDY.If from mercury, and

it generally is, stop it:take of sulphur twoounces, cream of tartarone ounce, mix withhoney or molasses intoa paste; teaspoonfulthree times a clay, untilthe bowels are well

104 VESSEL-MASTER'S MEDICAL MANUALtender sore gums; swol-len tongue; ulcerationof the throat; profusedischarge of saliva orspittle; in secondarycases, or where theoriginal symptoms areneglected, the bones be-come affected and sore;a general state of wast-ing away; great debil-ity ; pulse feeble andfluttering; tongueswol-len and covered by agrayish nasty mucus;breath foul, and sick-ening.

opened ; gargle of sageand golden-seal tea;dilute nitro-muriaticacid, twenty-five dropsin half pint or pintwater ; wash the mouthfreely; as soon as theteetli can be used, chewgold thread ; hydrastinis claimed to be an al-most certain cure; keepthe bowels open, andtake a nutritious diet.

SCARLATINA.(Scarlet Fever.)There are several va-

rieties of this fever; as,simple, malignant, la-tent, eruptive, etc.,etc. I shall confine my-self principally to thesimple variety, as thatis by far the most com-mon and dangerous.Scarlet fever runs itscourse with great regu-larity : it is easily dis-tinguished from mea-sles by the absence ofcough, and by the spotsbeing smaller and of a

REMEDY.Put the patient in a

room alone; ventila-tion ; great attention topersonal and generalcleanliness; tinct. aco-nite root, one-half dropin teaspoonful water,every two hours ; keepthe bowels open ; icedwater, lemonade, bar-ley water as drinks;sponge the skin threeor four times a day withtepid water ; after therash is over, warmbaths daily; for sorethroat, inhale steam.

AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 105brighter red color. Thetongue is white at firstwith a red edge; thenred with a white edge;pulse increased andfluttering; fever; sorethroat, red rash, orblotches, appear afterthe second day ; first onface and neck ; then onperson. Third day theentire surface of thebody is of a bright redcolor, hot and dry.Vomiting; headache;pulse increases 140beats; ulceration ofthroat. Contagious.

gargle hot milk andwater; suck ice; hota n d moist flannelaround the neck; pintof water to one dramof Condy’s fluid, tobathe the throat; shouldthe ulcers be severetouch them with acidnitrate o f mercury;give a nourishing diet;mutton and chickenbroths; tonics; syrupof the phosphates,stimulants; good wine.

Note.—An ounce of prevention is worth a pound ofcure. In no way is the wisdom of prevention more ap-parent than in dealing with disease. In these advanceddays of medical science physicians are giving as muchattention to the prevention ofdisease asto its treatment.It is with this end in view that they urge the impor-tance of sanitary measures—the necessity of proper ven-tilation,perfectdrainage, wholesome food and judiciousclothing. But particularly are their efforts directed tothe repression of contagious diseases, and especially tothose which are incident to childhood. Among thesenone is so much dreaded as scarlet fever, and justly,too, for none of the eruptive diseases is so fatal in itsresults. It is, then, desirable that every one shouldknow how best to check its progress, and that theyshould faithfully and conscientiously make use of suchknowledge for the protection of humanity. A writer ina foreign newspaper gives some rules calculated to limitthe spread ofscarlet fever, which appear to be reasona-

106 VESSEL-MASTEK’S MEDICAL MANUALhie. Moreover, their application is simple, and may becarried out in the poorest house. His theory is to dis-infect the patient instead of waiting until the bed, car-pets, clothing and surroundingair are impregnated withthe germs of disease. He says that first the congestedskin should be kept soft and pliant, and should besoothed with warm baths. Bathing the child in waterof a temperature of ninety degrees is recommended,which tends to cool the feverish skin and predisposesto sleep. At the same time it washes away any looseparticles of skin, and prevents too free peeling by mois-tening the surface. After the bath a medicated oint-ment should be gently rubbed over the entire body.This lessens the production of scales, and at the sametime renders harmless those which form. Asa formulafor compounding the ointment best suited for this pur-pose he others the following : Thirty grains of carbolicacid, ten grains of thymol, one dram of vaseline and asmuch simple ointment as will make the whole up to anounce. The odor of this is not unpleasant, while it re-tains its greasiness for a considerable time after beingapplied. It should be smeared on in the morning, aswell as at night, after the bath. As soon as the patientis well enough—we assume not until the twenty-firstday of the fever is past—one or two washings with car-bolic soap, in which process the hair should be in-cluded, is recommended. This, our authority says, willremove all traces ofinfection.

The bed and body linen should be put as soon as theyare removed from the person in a tub filled with waterin which a large tablespoonfulof carbolic acid has beendissolved, after which they can be removed from theroom and washed without danger of spreading the dis-ease to others. This method, says the writer, has beenthoroughly tested under the most crucial conditions,which all indicate “ that it is possible to very materiallylimit the contagiousness of scarlet fever by simplemeans, and thus to more or less completely control thespread of the disease."


SEA-SICKNESS.A nervous disease,

generally affecting per-sons at sea : Signs.—Headache; sickness atstomach ; desire with-out theability to vomit;hunger without theability to eat; swim-ming in the head ; diz-ziness; diarrhoea;Hashes of heat; chilli-ness; darting pains; asensation of “gone-ness” at the pit of thestomach ; complete lossof ambition; loss ofappetite ; indigestion;sour stomach; fouleructations; bilious-ness ; vomiting ofgreenish mucus t'romthe stomach; and ageneral desire to die.This stage lasts fromtwo to live or six days;after a thorough cleans-ing of the stomach,the patient gets better,and “ can’t get enoughto eat.”

REMEDY.Before starting upon

a sea-voyage, a full closeof “ Melville’s MagicLiver Powder ” willobviate the most severesymptoms of sea-sick-ness. Bromide of soda,thirty or forty grainsin a tumbler of water,taken three times a dayfor three or four daysafter sailing, is excel-lent ; larger doses saysixty to eighty grains,are recommended as acure. The best remedyis a u good cleaningout,” when the patientwill feel like a new man,and getting on his “ sea-legs” will think him-self “ every inch a Jack-tar.” Don’t takewhiskey or brandy tosea with you in hopesof warding off sea-sick-ness. They are nogood.

Note.—Many people, as soon as sea-sickness com-mences, have recourse to oranges, lemons, etc. Now,oranges are very much to be avoided on account oftheir bilious tendency,and even the juice of a lemonshould only be allowed in cases of extreme nausea.

108 VESSEL-MASTEE’S MEDICAL MANUALChampagne, too, is a very common remedy, and,

without doubt, in many cases does good; but this ap-pears to be chiefly due to its exhilarating effects, as, ifit be discontinued, the result is bad, and a great amountof prostration follows.

Creosote is a very old but still very good remedy,and in cases accompanied by great prostration is veryuseful; but, if given in the early stage of sea-sickness,it is often followed by very bad results, and even in-creases the nausea.

Bicarbonate of soda is used in slight cases, as it re-lieves nausea and checks the frequent eructations whichoften follow attacks ofsea-sickness: but in severe casesit is absolutely useless, and, in fact, it very often pro-longs the retching.

A very good remedy in the earlier stages of sea-sick-ness is a teaspoonful of Worcester sauce. How this actsI cannot say, but it, without doubt, relieves the symp-toms and renders the patient easier. Its action is prob-ably of a stimulant nature.

Hydrocyanic acid is of very little service, and mostacid mixtures are to be avoided, except that, perhaps,for drinking purposes, when it is best to acidulate thewater with a small quantity of hydrochloric acid.

Of all the drugs used I found the most effectual wasbromide of sodium. When bromide of sodium is givenin doses of ten grains three times a day the attacks en-tirely subside, the appetite improves and the patient isable to walk about with comfort.

In all cases of sea-sickness it is very desirable thatthe patient should take sufficient food, so that at alltimes the stomach may be comfortably full, for by thismeans overstraining during fits of retching is preventedand the amount of nausea is diminished. The practiceof takingsmall pieces of dry biscuit is not of much use,as, although the biscuit is retained by the stomach, yetthe amount taken is never sufficient to comfortably fillthe stomach. Soups, milk puddings and sweets are tobe avoided, as they increase the desire to be sick and

AM) FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 109are followed by sickening eructations. Fat bacon iseasily borne, and does much good if only the patientcan conquer his aversion to it. When taken in moder-ate quantity it acts like a charm, and is followed byvery good results.

But of all food curry is the most useful ifi sea-sickness,and is retained by the stomach when all other food hasbeen rejected. Next to curry I would place smallsand-wiches of cold beef, as they look nice on the plate, andare usually retained by the stomach.

In conclusion, I would advise that brandy should beused very sparingly, as, in many cases, it induces sea-sickness, and its chief use is confined to those caseswhere the prostration is very great, and even thenchampagne is more effectual.

SCALDS. See“Burns andScalds,” page 29.

SCALP DISEASE.(Scald Head.)

This troublesome dis-ease is well known toalmost every parent,and is almost solelyconfined to children :

Sig-ns.—Sc r o f u 1 o ustendencies; children infeeble health; a drytetter which is extremeIv irritable, first appears, and if neglectedsoon spreads over theentire scalp. In severecases the hair falls off;the skin assuming a

REMEDY.As all diseases of this

kind have their originin the blood, it is wellto commence the curethere. Open the bowels;cleanse the stomach ;and purify the blood.In ordinary cases, whentaken in its early stage,scalp disease is easilymanaged: make anointment of sulphur,two ounces; cosmolinesufficient to make it theconsistence of butter,and anoint the head at

110 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALlight, leprous, un-healthy hue; the appe-tite fails; the headaches ; the eyes water;the ears discharge aBickly mucus ; the exu-dations from the scalpare foul and offensive ;and the patient be-comes disgusting to allwho see him.

night (sleep in a cap.)Wash with Castilesoap,borax, and water everymorning ; sustainingdiet; daily gentle exer-cise in the open air;warm baths.

SCROFULA.(King’s Evil.)

The term scrofa sig-nifies a hog, which wasonce supposed to besusceptible of this dis-ease. And it wascalled “king’s evil,”because certain kingsof England pretendedto be able to cure it bythe touch. The diseaseshows itself by the for-mation of lumps orkernels on the glandsunder the skin of theneck and under-jaw;the eyelids are alsooften attacked; becomeinflamed, swell, ulcer-ate, and discharge athick glutinous mat-ter. In severe casesother parts of the body

REMEDY.Open the bowels with

some good catharticpills; (Warner’s sugarcoated are among thebest;) bathe the entireperson daily in warmsalt water; take ofsyrup of marsh mal-lows one dram ; tinct.of iodine twenty dropsin cup full of stillingiainfusion, two or threetimes a day; sixtygrains of hydriodate ofpotassium; and twodrops of tinct. of iodine,divide into four or sixdoses; paint the ker-nels with iodine beforethey gather and break:if they become sore andbreak, poultice withflaxseed meal and slip-

AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE.are attacked, and ulcer-ate and break and be-come disgusting sores.It is generally inher-ited, and may go fromthe fathers to the chil-dren “ unto the thirdand fourth genera-tion.”

pery elm bark; dietfull and nourishing; nofats, nor alcoholic stim-ulants. Take iodideof potassium twodrams in four ouncesof syrup of stillingia.Dessertspoonful fourtimes a day.

SCURVY.(Scorbutus.)

This disease isalmostentirely confined toseamen, on and afterlong voyages. It isusually the result ofwant of fresh meats andvegetables, and itssigns are, languor; de-bility; fatigue; faint-ness ; shortness ofbreath ; pains and sore-ness in the limbs ; men-tal depression; melan-choly; “Jack don’tsing when he has the 1scurvy; ” soreness inthe gums; looseness ofteeth; tongue flabbyand furrowed; pulseslow and weak; appe-tite capricious and un-certain ; disturbance ofvision ; vertigo ; bleed-ing at the tongue and

REMEDY.Give plenty of fresh,

soft vegetables; rawcabbages with vinegar;raw onions with vine-gar as soon as the teethbecome firmly fixedenough to eat them;beef-tea and milk inlarge quantities; andwhiskey or brandy twoor three times a day ;“Melville’s Elixir ofLifetonics; quinineand iron; dilute sul-phuric acid; twenty orthirty drops in pint ofwater; drink freely ;

rinse the mouth free-ly with permanganateof potassium, tengrains to half pint ofwater; solution ofalum,say thirty grains in halfpint of water ; keep theperson at a moderate

112 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALgums; urine decreases,and is sometimesbloody ; breath foul andfetid; face sallow andofadirty, yellowish hue.

temperature, and“don’t give up theship.”

SLEEPLESSNESS.(Insomnia.)

Commences as a hab-it, and ends in a dis-ease. It should chal-lenge our earliest at-tention : night is thetime for sleep, not day-time; accustom your-self to sleep at nightonly, and if you can-not sleep to-night, keepawake till to-morrownight. The signs andcausesare: indigestion;joy ; sorrow ; pain ;grief; cold ; heat; teaand coffee taken imme-diately before retiring ;

intense study ; trouble;itching and burningon the soles of the feet ;

intemperance; a lightburning in the chamberwill sometimes producesleeplessness; as willlove, “hatred, envy andmalice, and all unchar-itableness.”

REMEDY.Remove the cause

when known ; evacuatethe bowels; when sleepappears impossible atnight, arise from yourbfd, bathe the head andface in cold water; drywith coarse towel, andbrush the hair with astiff hair-brush; regularcold bathing everymorning; take gentleexercise in the open airdaily ; walking or rid-ing on horseback;bromide of potassium,thirty grains in a smallglass of water, just be-fore retiring for thenight; bathe the feet inwarm salt water; liveregularly; take mealsat regular hours ; go tobed at a certain timeevery night; and aboveall, a clear conscience.

AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 113SMALL-POX.

(Varioloid.)Signs.- In about

a week after the diseaseis taken, sudden chills,followed by fever andperspiration. In twoor three days more,sickness at stomach;vomiting; diarrhoea; se-vere pains along the spi-nal column and particu-larly in the small of theback ; sleeplessness ; orif sleep, horrid dreams;pulse full, hard andrapid; tongue coatedwith brown fur; dryand swollen ; an erup-tion commences withsmall bright red spots,somewhat resemblingmeasles; begins on theface and spreads overthe body; a circle ap-pears around eachpock ; pus forms whichemits a peculiar smell,once experienced isnever forgotten. Thiseruption and smellneveradmit of a doubt.

REMEDY.Place the patient in

a clean, airy room byhimself; warm to 60or 65°; keep a dish ofchloride of lime in theroom; open the bowelsmoderately; give alight, liquid diet, andcooling drinks; warmbaths to limbs and per-son as long as possible;as soonas pustules f u rn.make a thick paint offour or five parts pul-verized chalk, and threeof cosmoline, and witha camel’s hair-brushpaint the pustules;there will be no pits;glycerine and starch isalso good; preventscratching; warm bathswill hasten the eruption; use carbolicsoap ; if diarrhoea, giveopium ; as severe symp-toms disappear, increasethe diet and give somegood tonics and wine.Use no tobacco untilthe disease is fullydeveloped.

SKIN DISEASE.— See CutaneousEruption, page 43.

114 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANTELSORES, OLD.

(Ulcers.)Sores are various;

and are treated by med-ical writers, underseparate captions, asspecific, irritable, indo-lent, varicose, healthy,etc., etc. Specific ulcersor sores are thosecaused by some particu-lar disease ; irritablesores are those whichitch and bleed uponbeing touched; indo-lent sores are thosewhich are extremelydifficult to cure, andwhich obstinately resisttreatment. Varicoseare those which comefrom the bursting ofvaricose veins. Healthysores are those whichheal naturally and eas-ily when proper treat-ment is applied.

REMEDY.Wash and cleanse all

old sores; good Castilesoap, or carbolic, is ex-cellent ; attend to theblood; almost all oldsores readily yield tocleanliness and bloodpurifying. Take ofsyrup of stillingia onepint, iodide of potas-sium two drams, mixand take dessertspoon-ful three times a day,(one of the very bestblood purifiers in theworld.) An excellentlotion for old sores ismade thus: Take ofnitric acid one ounce,two large copper cents,(let them dissolve inthe acid,) when the ef-fervescence ceases putin two ounces goodvinegar, (if too strong,add rain water.) brushthe sore with this twicea day.

SPRAINS.(Subluxations.)A sprain is a partial

dislocation of a joint;most commonly tlie

REMEDIES.Allay tlie inflamma-

tion with warm water,which is one of the bestapplications for the

AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 115wrist or ankle: it ispainful and trouble-some, sometimes caus-ingothercomplications.Although not prop-erly a dislocation it isoften more difficult tomanage than a disloca-tion or fracture. Theyare caused by a severetwist of the joint inany direction, beyondthe range of naturalmotion, thus stretchingthe ligament, andthrowing the machin-ery of the joint out oforder. In severe casesthe muscles may betorn or bruised and thesoft textures so injuredthat weeks or evenmonths may be neces-sary to repair thedamages.

purpose in the world ;apply tinct. of arnicato the sprain, and wrapthe joint tightly in flannel soaked with thesame: in very severecases, poultices madeof hops and vinegarmay be applied hot ascan be borne: in casesof torn or cut ligamentsor muscles the woundmust be treated asother cuts. Stay theblood-flow with alum,or gallic acid, and healby the usual method ;

salves and plasters.Long experience hasgiven me great faith iniodine painting, and Iuse it on all suitableoccasions.

STINGS OF IN-SECTS.

Children are particu-larly liable to be bittenand stung by the va-rious insects withwhich the countryabounds. Bees, spi-ders, wasps, hornets,scorpions, gallinippers,

REMEDIES.Bathe the affected

part in strong ammoniawater. If bees, humblebees, hornets, spidersor mosquitoes bite achild apply “Melville’sRemedy for Burns:”there’s nothing better ;

plantain juice is highly

116 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALJune-bugs, pinchers,‘'•misketeers,” (mos-quitoes,) etc., etc. Thestings of all these in-sects are extremelypainful, and many ofthem highly inflamma-tory and very poison-ous. It not unfre-qnently happens thatalarming and danger-ous complications ac-company or follow thestings of some insects.It therefore behoovesall persons concerned toapply prompt and ener-getic measures to whatmay appear, at first,even trifling causes.

recommended: make asolution of aqua ammo-nia one ounce, lauda-num half ounce, vine-gar three ounces, sul-phuric ether one ounce;mix; shake well to-gether and bathe theaffected part every houror two: vinegar threeounces, indigo halfounce. In severe casesother treatment maybe required; open thebowels; applypoultices,drafts, and even blis-ters ; give strengthen-ing diet.

SNAKE BITES.The bite of venomous

reptiles, rattlesnakes,copperheads, mocca-sins, black racer andother venomous ser-pents, and snakes gen-erally, are dangerous,and require prompttreatment. The signsare, headache, sicknessat stomach, vomiting,swelling of the partbitten, rapidly extend-ing over the entire per-

REMEDIES.If the bite be on the

hand or foot, ligaturethe limb about two orthree inches above thebite, so tightly as toprevent circulation,and stop the absorptionof the poison into thesystem: enlarge thewound with a penknife,and apply a large onionbruised, with a handfulof salt. Then open avein below the ligature

AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 117son; the tongue be-comes thickly coatedwith a whitish mucus ;pulse quick, full and ex-cited ; eyes bloodshot;bleeding at the nose,mouth and ears, andsometimes bloody per-spiration. The eyesroll wildly in theirsockets; frothing atthe mouth, and in badcases, delirium.

to let out the poisonedblood. Whiskey is con-sidered an antidote forsnake bites; let thepatient drink as muchas he can ; fill him upwith it. Take a gill ».folive oil every two hoursuntil • four are taken ;

rub the oil over thebody also; when theswelling subsides, givean active purge.

See also Treatment ofPoisons in this book.ST. ANTHONY’S

FIRE.—See Erysip-elas, page 52.

REMEDY.Keep the patient in a

state of evenness oftemper; keep thebowels open with “Mel-ville’s Liver Powder,”which also aids diges-tion ; compel sleep ina dark room with hy-drate of chloral tengrains in small glass ofwater, every hour untilfour are taken or sleep.Atomize the spine withchloroform dilutedwith one-half waterdaily. (This treatmentis confidently recom-

ST. GUY’SDANCE.(Chorea.)

This disease is alsoknown as “St. Vitus’dance,” also “St.John’s dance.” TheSigns are a nervousfidgeting; convulsivejerking of the musclesof the face ; awkwardand shambling gait;shoulders jerkedup anddown ; arms thrownwildly about; tonguethrust into the side ofthe cheek, or out of the

118 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL'mouth; breathing ir-regular ; speech im-peded, or may be en-tirely suspended;heart’s action irregu-lar ; pulse rapid andviolent; tongue dryand coated brown ; eat-ing, drinking, walking,sleeping, all are inter-rupted ; attacks of va-rious lengths; mostcommon in young girlsapproaching puberty.

j mended as an almost! certain cure :) give! opium in small quanti-ties for several days.Attend to diet andbathing ; keep the feetwarm and the headcool. No alcoholics.

This disease is easilycontrolled if taken inits early stages: ifneglected, it becomesobstinate in the ex-treme.

STRICTURE.(Urethritis.)

This is more properlya consequence of dis-ease than an indepen-dent disease of itself.11rarely or never occurssave as a consequenceof acute urethritis, orgonorrhoea. It issimply the growing to-gether of the sides ofthe urethra, or waterpassage of the male or-gan, caused by the tworaw surfaces coming to-gether and partiallyuniting; acute inflam-mation having destroy-ed the mucous coating

REMEDY.In severeeases,whereprompt relief is sought,

the introduction intothe water passage of aNo. 6, 7 or 8 bougee,lubricated with an oint-mentmade of nitrate ofsilver, fifteen or twenty

| grains ; cosmoline, oneounce; will give imme*

! diate results. Then in-j ject a solution made ofj laudanum one dram ;

! glycerine one ounce;tincture of arnica twodrams; rose-water threeounces. Inject with aP. P. syringe, everytwo hours for three


of the internal passage,leaving it in a sore, rawcondition. Signs.—Great difficulty in voiding water; stream di-vides into two or threesmaller streams, or insevere cases is voideddrop by drop with in-tense pain. It is amost serious anddangerous matter; anddemands prompt atten-tion.

days, and a cure is al-most certain. Take alight, nutritive diet,No acids, fats, cheese,nor alcoholics. Openthe bowels wellwith oneof “ Melville’s MagicLiver Powders,” andbathe the person dailyin warm salt water.

SUFFOCATION.This is suspended an-

imation from impededbreath; and may becaused by inhalation ofnoxious gases, drown-ing, smothering orstrangling. The ap-pearances in such casesare, face becomes livid;pulsation ceases; lungsof a deep blue hue;blood escapes into theair cells; right auricleand ventricle filled withdark blood; swellingand it may be burstingof the blood vessels ofthe brain ; children arefrequently suffocated bychoking, caused by the

REMEDY.For suffocation, put

the patient in a coolroom; friction withsalt and vinegar andwarm flannels; stimu-lating fluids, as ammo-nia water ; whiskey;attempt to inflate thelungs; windpipe mustbe opened if necessary.In cases of childrenchoking with their food,a few smart blows onthe back of the childwith the mother’s handwill frequently set alltilings right; run yourfinger down the child’sthroat; never mind hisgagging; feel for the

VESSEL-MASTER'S MEDICAL MANUALobstruction, and, if pos-sible, bring it up ; vom-it with tincture of lo-belia and ipecac, inequal parts, teaspoonful every fifteen min-utes, until vomiting isproduced.

lodgment of food orother substances in thethroat. Thisstate can-not continue long with-out i n flam mat ion,which may be followedby suppuration, ulcer-» t i o n and perhapsdeath.

SUNSTROKE.(Insolation.)

A sudden and some-times fatal attack ofunconsciousness, over-taking persons exposedto great heat. The in-cipient signs are greatand frequent desireto urinate; impossibil-ity to hold the water;heat and dryness ofskin; thirst; sicknessat stomach; oppressionat the heart; exhaus-tion ; sleeplessness anddelirium ; sight growsdim ; noise in the ears;unconsciousness; con-vulsions ; face pale;eyes turned upward;muscles relaxed ; pulsequick, but feeble;tongue dry andparched ; breath shortand hurried; tempera-

REMEDIES.In the most common

cases, ice water to thepulses and hea ; andbrandy or whiskey inthe stomach ; rest; re-move clothing, andsponge the skin withtepid, and then coldwater; if convulsions,inhale chloroform orsulphuric ether; incases of extreme pros-tration, wrap the pa-tient in damp blanket,and sprinkle with coldwater, cautiously atfirst, over face, neck andbreast; watch the ef-fect. If consciousnessis long in returning,apply a blister (cantharidal) to the back of theneck; apply ammoniato the nose. Give abrisk purge.

AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 121ture rises to 110° to125° F. ; in bad cases,patient faints; skinbecomes cold. Death.

N. B.—Ordinary sun-stroke may be avoidedby the simple habit of

i wearing a large plan-tain leaf or cabbageleaf in the crown of thehat.

And when exposedto the sun’s rays, avoidalcoholics and tobacco.

. SWEATS.(Sudor.)

See Night Sweats,lutge 87.

SWELLINGS.These occur from va-

rious causes; and aresimply morbid enlarge-ments of the whole orany part of the body.Swellings are not thedisease, but the indu-bitable evidences of itspresence in some partof the body. They arepainful and inconven-ient, in many cases in-terfering with locomo-tion, and the necessaryactivity of life; allswellings indicate thepresence of inflamma-tion : and its promptand radical removalshould be attempted inthe shortest possibletime. They may be-

REMEDIES.Should the swelling

indicate the need ofopening, (as boils,) ap-ply the lancet carefullybut freely. Poulticingwith slippery elm barkand flaxseed meal isgrandly useful ; breadand milk ; boiled car-rots ; raw p o t a t ograted ; rotten apple ;yeast; plantain leaves ;burdock leaves; andmany other things makeexcellent poultices.Warm water and allother warm applica-tions are good to reduceswellings. Tinct. ofarnica; tinct. ofopium; tinct. ofaconiteroot, and other tinct-

122 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALcome complicated anddangerous.

tires are very good.Bind the swelling inflannel.

SYPHILIS.(Pox, Primary.)This is the worst

form of venereal dis-ease, and is known bythe common and vulgarname of pox. It standsat the head of the listof complaints met within medical advertise-ments, called secretdiseases, and is acurse of the first magni-tude. It is always com-municated by" infec-tion by contact withthe specific virus: itsfirst appearance is con-fined to the genital or-gans, an itching orstinging sensation isgenerally felt at theprepuce of the male,after which a small redpimple with a whitelie ad appears andspreads with terriblerapidity until in five orsix days it is the size ofa five-cent piece. It ishighly inflamed, stingsand burns, and keeps

REMEDIES.As soon as a patient

is conscious of the ex-istence of these symp-toms, let him take im-mediately a full dose of“ Melville’s Liver Pow-der,” and while wait-ing for it to act, lethim procure a smallquantity of the acidnitrate of mercury, (itis by far the most relia-ble and certain causticknown.) Take of acidnitrate of mercury onepart, water two parts ;

and with asmall smoothstick, cauterize eachpimple or chancre fully.The pain will be great,but if properly done,the cure will be perfect.To allay the pain, ap-ply cold water. Thendress daily with warmwater and Castile soap,and cover with lint andprotect with a commonbandage. Cure is al-most certain in ?.tendays. Eat no fat meats,

AND PAMILT MEDICAL GUIDE. 123the patient terriblyconscious of its pres-ence..

use no acid, nor alco-holics.

SYPHILIS.(Secondary.)

We now approach amuch more difficult anddangerous branch ofthe disease treated of inthe preceding paper:Primary syphilis, inorder to be primary,must be treated withinthe first ten days ofits existence: afterthat time, it enters thecirculation, and be-comes constitutionalor secondary. Andnow the afflicted onehas on his hands thework of years, or per-haps of a lifetime, torid himself of thiscurse. The patientnow finds ulcers forming in his throat; redpimples breaking outon the arms, legs andbody; which run to-gether and become foul,copper-colored sores;the bones ache; thebridge of the nose is af-fected ; the hair falls

REMEDIES.Consult a good physi-

cian, if possible, but if,from any circumstance,you have been unableto follow the directionslaid down for the treat-ment of primary syphi-lis, you are earnestlyrecommended to com-mence at once the useof the remedies forsecondary. Empty thebowels ; iodide ofpotas-sium four drams in onepint of syrup of stillin-gia; dessertspoonfulthree times a day, in-crease gradually to six.(This is yourbest boweranchor, and if perse-vered in will eradicatethe disease from thesystem.) Warm bathdaily ; sustaining diet;gentle exercise in theopen air daily ; no alco-holics nor tobacco ; noacids nor fats; dresscomfortably ; and keepthe temperature even;treat local symptoms

124 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALoff; teeth are loosened ;gums sore; voice de-stroyed ; and loss of allmuscular power.

as they rise. Retireand rise early. “An-ldo thyself no harm.”

TETTER.(Barber’s Itch.)

See Ringworm, page23.

TESTS., EN-LARGED.

I have thought properto give this subject aseparate chapter, not-withstanding the factthat the general treat-ment of “swellings”applies to this equallywith all others: theprevalence of thistrouble among seafar-ing men (of whom Ihave treated thou-sands) will be acknowl-edged as a good andsufficient reason forwhat might otherwisebe thought superfluous.It is obvious that any-thing of so serious anature as this shouldclaim the most promptand careful attention.Do not put it off a sin-gle day nor an hour

REMEDIES.Upon the firstappear-

ance of any swelling ofthe testicles, makeyourself a good suspensory bag, and letthe testicles rest in it.This may be kept satur-ated with tincture ofarnica, after iodine,which must be appliedat once, has failed toreduce the swelling.Frequent bathingwith warm water andCastile soap; quiet;with the feet elevatedabove the head, (twofeet at least;) keep thebowels open ; use a lightnutritive diet, a n dcourt sleep in everymanner possible. Useno alcoholics nor tobac-co, and avoid all ex-citement.

AND PAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE.after its appearance,but fly for the very bestremedy.

N. B.—Take iodine(salt) two ounces ; alco-hol, 1 pint, ninety percent.; mix. Paintwith camel’s hairbrushto reduce swellings.TIC-DOUEOUR-

EUX.See Neuralgia, page

88.

TOOTHACHE.There are few pains

harder to bear thanthose proceeding fromdecayed or injuredteeth. As soon as theteeth give evidence ofinjury or decay, havethem examined by acompetent dentist, andtliqse which cannot besaved by filling haveremoved. Then givedaily care and attentionto those remaining;clean daily after eachmeal, with water andsoft brush, or bit ofwhite flannel. The bestand cheapest dentifricein the world is com-pounded as follows:Pulverized orris root,one ounce; pulverizedcharcoal, half ounce;fine (table) salt, one

REMEDIES.When toothache

arises from neuralgia,use the remedies forthat complaint pointedout under that head.When from decayed orinjured teeth, take ofpulv. alum, quarterounce, sweet spirits ofnitre, one ounce : dis--solve and apply fre-quently to the teeth;)will cure the worst case,in a few minutes ; or!take of gum camphorpulverized, and opiumin equal parts, make apaste and plug the hol-low tooth. Stop theear tightly with rawcotton, on the sidewhere the aching toothis located. Saturate apledget of raw cottonwith oil of cloves, or

126 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALoil of thyme, and plugthe tooth.

Take morphia sul-phate, arsenious acid,and creosote in equalparts, rub on raw cot-ton, and fill cavity, tokill nerve and achingteeth.

ounce, mix and applywith a rag on the fingerdaily.

TONSILS EN-LARGED.

(Tonsillitis.)See Quinsy, page 98.

TRICHINOSIS.(Trichiniasis.)

This disease is the re-sult of eating imper-fectly cooked meats,infested with trichinaspiralis. It is generallysupposed to frequentthe .various productsofthe hog, and particu-larly the ham. Thewriter lias taken hamfrom which “poison-ous ” slices had beencut, boiled, and eaten,producing what waspronounced tricliino-sial poisoning, andafter boiling for twofull hours, has beenfreelyeaten with no badeffect. Moral—Cookyour hams well. Signs.—(Examine the meatwith a powerful glassfor the presence of the

REMEDIESMust be extremelyprompt to be effectual:give a brisk cathar-tic ; follow by glyce-rine, one dram, andwater, two drams: mix.and give every fifteenminutes until four dosesare taken; tinct. ofiodine and carbolicacid, in equal parts, twoto four drops in waterat short intervals:benzine is also highlyrecommended; give qui-ninein full doses ; afterthese, give light nutri-tive diet; warm baths(salt if possible) daily,and warm sponge bathson retiring for thenight; keep the tem-perature of the personeven; and the body suf-


animalculae.) Thirst;pulse increased and fee-ble ; tongue dry ; vom-iting, colicky pains; in-creasing heat; swell-ing.

ficiently well clad toprotect it from takingcold.

TUMORS.Tumors are swellings,

and there are a varietyof them ; Cullen definesa tumor to be “ a par-tial swelling withoutinflammation. ” TheFrench use tumorblanche for “ whiteswelling.” There areerectile tumors; fibroustumors varicose tu-mors ; laminated tu-mors ;"vascular tumors;etc., etc. Good usesthe word tumor to sig-nify tubercle; erro-neously I think, as Ihave never seen a tu-bercle, without inflam-mation. The term tu-mor is generally appliedto swellings of thelarger joints, withoutchange of the color ofthe skin, and of moreor less firm consistence,and which are depen-dent upon disease of

REMEDIES.In addition to wlmt

has already been saidunder the caption of“swellings,” we maysay: in all cases of tu-mors, if possible, let thepatient have positiverest; regulate the med-icine by the variety oftumor under treatment,and keep u p thestrength of the patientand his general healthin the highest possiblecondition. Poulticesmay be applied afteriodinepainting ; one ofthe very best is ofbruised poke root,(Phytolacca decandra.)Simply roast the rootin hot ashes, until soft,and bruise and applyhot as possible. As analterative also, thesame root (one ounce,)with an equal amountof black cohosh, and

128 VESSEL-MASTEE’S MEDICAL MANUALthe soft parts about thejoints. Of these onlywe shall treat in thisarticle.

gum guaiac in a pint ofwhiskey. Tablespoon-ful three times a day.

TYPHOID FE-ARER.

(Enteric Fever.)Of this disease there !

are four distinct and Iwell-defined stages. |First stage. Hatch-ing ; disturbed sleep;headache, and swim-ming in the head ; diar-rhoea ; perhaps vomit-ing. Second stage.Actual attack gradu-al ; above symptomsincrease ; depression;cheeks Hushed ; pulsefrom 95 to 130, variableand weak; tonguecovered with whitishfur, red at edges andtip; great thirst.Third stage. Pro-gressive development;headache over the eyes;gurgling sound onpressi ng theright flank;sometimes bleeding inthe bowels; eruptionon the body. Fourthor advanced stage.Above symptoms con-

REMEDIES.On the first appear-

ance of the disease, dis-infect everything; thengive quinine in tengrain doses, two orthree times a day ; treatthe symptoms as theyarise; bromide of po-tassium and chloral, forrestlessness; injectionsof laudanum and starchfor diarrhoea; tannicor gallic acid for bleed-ing at the bowels ; andice over the right fiank;rest; plenty of fresh air;tepid sponging twicedaily; diet of milk,beef-tea, custards;toast water; barleywater; gum arabiowater; rice, etc., etc.A preventative andcure for bed-sores is tobathe the parts in alco-hol daily. For the firsttwo weeks use “ Lugol’sSolution ” —made thus:two-thirds of a grainof iodine, twelve grains

AID FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE 129

tinue; tongue becomesdry and brown ; breathoffensive; giddiness;deafness; sleepiness.Look out for and pre-vent bed-sores. (Washwith alcohol.)

of common salt in pintof water. Take fourminims in water, threetimes a day. For anexplanation of the germsystem o f typhoidfever, parasites, andbateria, see the articleon New Theory of Dis-ease in this book.

ULCERS.—See OldSores, page 114.

URINE.(Incontinence in

Children.)Nothing is morecom-

mon or more annoyingthan the habit whichalmost all children(and many children ofa larger growth, also)fall into, of that pecu-liar form of inconti-nence, known as wet-ting the bed. This diffi-culty is generally owingtochecked perspiration,in which cases caremust be taken to re-move the cause. Inadults more elaborate,and probably longercontinued treatmentmay be requisite. Butas a general principle,all may be cured iftaken in time. Inflam-

REMEDIES.When the disease is

hereditary, (and notdependent upon “ in-flammation of the blad-der,”) the treatmentmust be of atonic char-acter: give of tinct.uva ursi one ounce,tinct. longleaf buchuoneounce, “Huxharn'sTinct. of Bark ” oneounce, cinnamon waterfive ounces; mix, andgive dessertspoonfulthree or four timeseach day. The tincture of eantharides incitric acid water is veryhighly recommendedfor this disease in pa-tients of all ages. Thewriter has a remedy ofhis own which will besent to any address;

130 VESSEL-MASTEE’S MEDICAL MANUALmation of the bladder isindicated, where thereis a constant desire tovoid the urine.

children, one dollar,adults two dollars;which he will warrantto cure, or refund themoney. It has neverbeen known to fail!

URINARY OR-GANS,

(Disease of.)It sometimes occurs,

and particularly amongseamen, that blood isfound to pass off withthe urine: clots willform at the bottom ofthe urinal, which willstain cotton or linen,and by this means thebloody character of theurine may be ascer-tained ; should therebe purulent matter inthe urine, there is dan-ger of ulceration some-where in the urinarypassage. It may alsoarise from external in-jury, as bruises, blows,falls; straining, liftingheavy weights; jump-ing, or even riding onhorseback. It may alsoarise from stone in thebladder, calculi in the

REMEDIES.For all hemorrhage

or bleeding of the uri-nary organs, there isn o remedy knownwhich is superior tomarsh-mallows. Thereare two species, bothare good, and theygrowalmost everywhere.The leaves or rootwill do. Boil oneounce of either in a pintof water, and drink allin a day. If there ismuch blood, put in tengrains gallic acid toeach pint; cold spongebaths; sustaining diet;mullen leaves and horse-mint in equal partsmade into tea, anddrank freely, a pint ormore each day, is ex-cellent. Should stonein the bladder be sus-pected, give cathartics;open tire bowels anddrink hydrangea tea.

A1TD FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 131

kidneys, or in theducts leading from thekidneys to the blad-der ; if from the bladdersharp pain in the back.

When in port, consulta good physician, andlive in a regular man-ner.

VACCINATION.Every vessel-master and every head of family

should be capable of performing the act of vac-cination in a prpper manner. The left arm twoinches below the ball of the shoulder is theproper place, and a lancet or sharp penknife theproper instrument; scratch the arm in this man-ner, and rub the virus from quill or scab onthe wound, which should bleed a little ; andthen to insure its taking, cover the wound witha piece of adhesive plaster, to proteet it frominjury. Every captain, upon entering an in-fected port, should ascertain if his crew haveall been vaccinated within five years, and ifnot, he should do it. Rest assured, it will pay.Protect the arm from irritation and injury, andwatch its development. In three or four daysa small hard reddish elevation appears, whichis accompanied with itching and burning.About the seventh day a distinct vesicle isformed, and on the ninth day the areola, orcolored circle appears, and continues to enlargeuntil it attains sometimes an inch in diameter.About the tenth or twelfth day it begins to dryup, and leaves a hard, brown scab which dropsoff about the twentieth day. There are no in-fallible marks by which it can be positivelyproven whether the vaccination is genuine orspurious. Try again. If genuine it will nottake again.

132 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALNote.—In the last century, before vaccination was

discovered, the mortality from small pox was 3,000 permillion. With voluntary vaccination the proportionwas reduced to 600 per million, State-aided vaccinationreduced it to 305, and compulsory vaccination broughtit down to 146. It is not necessary to attribute this vastand beneficent reduction in the virulence of a loathsomeand dreaded disease entirely to vaccination. Sanitationmay be credited with its fair share, but its share islimited, and can, as Sir Lyon Playfair showed, be de-termined with reasonable precision; while the reduc-tion in the prevalence of small-pox concurrently withsuccessive increases in the stringency with which vac-cination has been enforced establishes a presumptionin favor of vaccination so strong as to amount in theminds of reasonable men to practical certainty. Somuch for the argument that vaccination is no protec-tion against small-pox. As for the statement that vac-cination may in certain cases induce other diseases, itmust be admitted that in rare and exceptional casessuch communication has taken place. But the evileffects due to this cause cannot for a moment be com-pared to the infinitely greater beneficial effects due tovaccination when unaccompanied by any such effects.Where 3,000 persons in 1,000,000 would have died ofsmall-pox in the last century, only 146 out of 1,000,000will die in the present day, and probably not one outof 1,000,000 of vaccinated persons ever suffers any evileffects from imprudent or infected vaccination. Evenif the proportion can be shown to be far greater, thatis only a reason for greater care and caution in thepractice of vaccination, and affords no ground whateverfor abandoning the practice altogether.

VARICELLA.(Chicken-Pox.)Which see, page 31.

AUD FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE.VACCINIA.(Cow-Pox.)

See Cow-Pox, page 42.

Wm. R. Warner &Co., dealers in physi-cian’s supplies, No. 1228Market st., Phila.

VARIOLOID.(Small-Pox.)

This is simply“small-pox” aftervaccination, and is eas-ily managed: the num-ber of pustules isdiminished; the courseof treatmentshortened;the disease mild inform; and there is lit-tle or no pitting. Thegenuine small-pox odoris absent. If the tem-perature range highand complicationsthreaten, keep thebowels open by meansof gentle laxatives orsimple injections. Thesymptoms must be metas they appear, and insevere cases treat asyou would small-pox,which see.

REMEDIES.In all cases of this

kind give prompt at-tention to diet, cleanli-ness and ventilation.In relation to diet:cooling drink, milk,etc., etc. Jellies, soups,oysters and beef-tea,may be added; fre-quent warm or tepidsponging; exclude theair from the face; coollotions to prevent itch-ing and irritation:make a paste of glyce-ine and starch andbrush over the facewith large soft brushtwo or three times eachday. Carbolic acid onedram, glycerine sixdrams, is an excellentpreparation in suchcases.

All the “Melville Remedies” can be obtained at theoffice of F. C. Melville, Physician and Surgeon, No.1620 Richmond street, Philadelphia, (take red car onSecond and Third streets line,) and ships’ medicinechests filled with fresh medicines atshort notice.

134 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALREMEDIES.

In case of vomitingin children, the bowelsmay be opened with amild laxative, as mag-nesia and rhubarb com-bined ; three grains isa dose, and once inthree orsix days is oftenenough. If this shouldfail to give relief,cleanse the stomachwith powdered ipecac2 grains, in a table-spoonful of water. Ap-ply over the stomachwarm camphoratedspirits and bathe inwarm water. In preg-nancy, give tinct. oflarkspur one dram inwater two ounces, divide into two parts, anddrink half hour apart;or w Ingluven Pow-ders,1’ prepared byWm. R. Warner & Co.,1228 Market st., a cer-tain cure; or chamomile(tinct.) in thirty dropdoses every three hoursin ounce of water.

VOMITING.(And in Preg-

nancy.)In children, this gen-

erally arises from over-loading the stomachwith food of some kind,either suckling toomuch, or feeding toomuch. If the milk isin a curdled statewhen ejected from thestomach, it argues toostrong food; and willrequire some milder ar-ticle. Most womenduring the early monthsof pregnancy, especial-ly with the first child,suffer from sickness atthe stomach and vom-iting. It is desirableto get along, if possible,without taking medi-cine. A recumbent po-sition, a glass of coldwater and a few hoursabstinence from food,will quell the disturb-ance, and in *a shorttime it goes away.


AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 135WATER BRASH.

(Pyrosis.)This is an accumula-

tion of a watery fluidin the stomach. It issometimes acid, whenit is attended with moreor less pain. It is vul-garly called heart-burn and the dischargesare sometimes viscid,or ropy like the whiteof eggs. It causesbelchings and eructa-tions, and is caused byderangement of thestomach, and the di-gestive organs. Manypersons who are troub-led with water brashhave recourse to chalk-eating as a cure. Letit alone ! (I mean thechalk.) And take onlysuch medicines as arecalculated to removeand overcome the cause.Men suffer witli the dis-ease more than women.

REMEDIES.Remove the cause;

quit the use of tobacco,and spirituous and maltliquors; avoid greasyfood; fat meats, acids,cheese, and use pepper,mustard and salt invery limited quantities.Take tepid or coldbaths, and gentle exer-cise in the open airdaily. As a sure rem-edy, take senna leaves,one ounce ; balsam oftula, one ounce; pulv.golden seal, half ounce;pulv. jalap, half ounce;pulv. fennel seed, halfounce; put in half pintof boiling water; stirwell, and when cold,add one and one-halfpints of good whiskey.Let stand twenty-fourhours, and take table-spoontul two times eachday. There is nothingbetter.

If prejudiced againstwhiskey, substituteWarner’s “Elixir ofCalasaya ” in its place.

VENEREAL. DIS-EASE.

See Syphilis, pages122,123.

136 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALWOMB, FALLING

OF.(Prolapsus Uteri.)Falling of the womb

may be due to severalcauses: pregnancy ; in-fl tmmation congestionof blood ; enlargement;tumors; polypus; leu-corrhoea constipation ;distention of the blad-der ; straining; lifting ;

distress, of mind, andmany other causeswhich affect the nerv-ous system. There isno disease to which hu-manity is heir fraughtwith such intense andlong continued suffer-ing, as womb troubles ;probably the delicacyof the subject preventsmany refined and sensi-tive women from apply-ing for professional aid,until the intensity ofthe suffering compelsit.

REMEDIES.As soon as the first

symptoms of wombcomplaint appear: painin the small of the back ;

tired feeling in themorning; pain in thegroins, and a white ordirty white mucous dis-chargefrom the vagina,commence at once totreat the general health;syringe the birthplacewith cold water, threeor four times a day;take sponge baths,with tepid salt water;gentle exercise in theopen air daily; and agood sustaining gener-ous diet; plenty ofgood,lean, rare, roast andbroiled beef; muttonand game ; milk, soups,and oysters, egg-nogand milk-punch, “Mel-ville’sElixir of Life ;

”

use of flesh brush, etc.,etc.

All the “ Melville Remedies” may be obtained at theoffice of F. C. Melville, Physician and Surgeon, No. 1620Richmond street, Philadelphia, and will be forwardedby express C. O. D. to any address in the UnitedStates.


WOMB COM-PLAINT.

(Continued.)A great many ladies

suffer untold agoniesfrom a little bit of van-ity, which more fre-quently arises from ig-norance than from anyother cause. A desireto be thought unusuallysmart, induces many ayoung mother to arisefrom her bed with herchild, long before sheought to do so. Thisis the inducing causeof more womb com-plaint, than any otherknown. In treatingwomb complaint, when-ever it becomes neces-sary for the physicianto make an examina-tion, the greatest pos-sible tenderness, delica-cy, and modesty mustbe observed. There isnever any necessity forexposure unless treat-ment for ulceration isrequired. In that casethe operator must re-member his mother,sister, wife.

REMEDIES.In cases where the

disease has becomechronic, don’t use apessary ; they are onlya curse. Strengthenthe system with tonics,and syringe with pow-erful astringents, aswhite oak bark ; tannicacid water. The fol-lowing is a most excel-lent preparation forsyringing, cheap also.Sulphate of zinc, twen-ty grains; sugar oflead, twenty grains;glycerine, one ounce;tannic acid, one dram ;

water, one pint. Shakewell together, and sy-ringe birthplace twicea day. Throw in twoounces and let it re-main as long as possi-ble. (The writer hasdevoted thirty years tothe treatment of wombcomplaints, and willguarantee a perfectcure to all who willimplicitly follow hisdirections. No cure,no pay.)

Note.—See advertisement on page 168 of this book.

138 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALWORMS, INTES-

TINAL.(Helminthiasis.)Round or stomach

worms are often foundin children. There arethree varieties of intes-tinal worms; theround worm, the pin orthread worm, and thetape worm. The signsof the existence ofworms are: an un-easy, gnawing feelingabout the stomach ; ap-petite, variable, oftenvoracious; belly swol-len and hard ; counte-nance pale; eyes sunk-en ; nose constantlyitching; (child picksit;) costiveness; hic-cough ; disturbed sleep;muscular twitching;grating of the teeth ;nervous irritation; foulbreath; pain in thebowels ; sickness at thestomach. Worms arenot confined to child-hood. Adults of se-dentary occupationssuffer from pin worms.

REMEDIES.Give a smart purga-

tive; worm seed andmolasses in equal parts;teaspoonful twice eachday; wormwood tea ,

thorough wort tea;tansy tea, are all good ;take of pink-root oneounce; senna oneounce; steep in onepint of water, divideinto four parts, andgive one part eachnight. Another excel-lent remedy is pink-root, senna, m a n n a

,

and American worm-seed of each half ounce,powder and add pint ofboiling water ; let standovernight, and sweetenwith molasses and adda little milk. To a liveyear old child, give agill three or four timesa day on an emptystomach. If it doesnot purge, repeat untilit does.


AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE.WORMS.

(Tape Worm.)The best possible

proof of the existenceof tape worm is thepassing of sections ofthe worm ; other signsare, itching of the noseand anus ; lassitude;wasting away of fleshwith a good appetite;indigestion; salivation,more or less severe;faintness; windy painsin the bowels; pal-pitation of the heart;cramps in the limbs;and in females some-times hysteria. Tapeworm is by no meansconfined to adults. Thewriter has expelled onethirty-one feet longfrom a young misseleven years old, inLancaster, Pa., inJune, 1871. In thiscase there was no posi-tive proof of the exist-ence of the worm un-til forty-eight hours be-fore its passage.

REMEDIES.For pin orseat worms

in children or adults,make a few small pillsof socratine aloes andglycerine, and witli thefinger place one in therectum at night; followit up until rid of thepests. For tape worm,one of the most promptand useful remedies Ihave ever known is,take spirits of tur-pentine and castor oilof each two ounces, mixand shake well to-gether, and divide intofour doses; give one inthe morning, followedby a cup of warm Co-lumbo root tea. Fol-low this up until theworm is expelled—-morning and evening.I have never known itfail. Give one-halfdram of the oleoresinof malefern in capsuleson an empty stomach.

All the “ Melville Remedies ” can be obtained at theoffice of F. 0. Melville, Physician and Surgeon, No. 1620Richmond street, Philadelphia, and ships’ medicine-chests will be filled with fresh medicines at short notice.

140 VESSEL-MASTEB’S MEDICAL MANUALWOUNDS,

(Various and Gen-eral.)

Wounds are generallydesignated by the in-struments with whichthey are produced, jThere are incisedwounds, which are!made by a sharp cuttinginstrument; puncturedwounds are made with ja pointed instrument;!lacerated wounds are jmade with a dull in- \strument, as a saw or astone; contusedwounds are simplybruises, the skin notbeing broken ; gunshotwounds are producedby a discharge of thecontents of a gun orpistol. There are alsoother wounds, such aspoisoned wounds,whichwill be found treatedunder their appropriatehead. In dressingwounds of all kinds, al-ways keep perfectlycool.

REMEDIES.Check the flow of

blood with pulverizedalum; common salt;cold water; lint; collo-dion ; cobwebs ; one ofthe very best things inthe world for this pur-pose is gallic acid ; holdit on the wound untilthe flowofblood ceases.Tannic acid is alsogood;tincture of arnica. Forpunctured wounds,open the bowels with abrisk purge; give oflaudanum twentydrops; if the bloodshould be of a light redhue, look for the artery,and with your fingersor a pair of tweezers,take it up and tie it,leaving the ends of thestring hanging out ofwound, so that theymay be cut off after ithas healed up.

All the “Melville Remedies ” can be obtained at theoffice of F. C. Melville, Physician and Surgeon, No.t620 Richmond street, Philadelphia.


Things that are Worth Knowing-.The air we breathe is composed of two gases,

oxygen and nitrogen. There are, in every hundred parts, of nitrogen about 79.10 and of oxy-gen about 20.90, by measure. These gases be-come deadly when separated,and the life-givingprinciple, the oxygen, if deprived of its compan-ion, would no longer retain its character, butwould become destructive to animal life. At-mospheric air undergoes a great change in thehuman lungs ; and when it is ejected is poison-ous for further breathing, until by minglingagain with free air it regains its life-sustainingqualities. Hence the necessity of a constantmild current of fresh air passing through everypart of our habitations! The dwellings, schoolhouses, churches, vessels, workshops, factories,sleeping apartments and every other place, wheremen, women and children breathe, must be fullyventilated, and a free and gentle current ofair (and sunshine when possible) forced throughthem at all times. This is essential to healthof botli man and beast. One very importantcause of the terrible mortality among childrenin the crowded houses of large cities (and ofcrowded emigrant ships) is the absence of a fullsupply of fresh air, daily and hourly. Thereforeventilate your habitations, your workshops, yourvessels, everything. The cost will be small,the benefit immense!

Stopping: Holes in Ships.In the life-saving section of the London Fish-

eries Exhibition is shown a simple little contriv-ance for stopping holes in ships, which has beenbefore the public for one or two years, and has

142 VESSEL-MASTEE’S MEDICAL MANUALduring that time been instrumental in savingmore than one vessel from destruction. It isknown as J. W. Wood’s self-adjusting rivet-hole and leak stopper, and is applicable toships,buoys, boilers, torpedo-boats, etc. It consists ofan iron disk covered with felt, which screws onto a rod, at the end of which is a joined T-piece. Supposing that a shot hole in a ship’sside lias to be stopped, the T-piece is thrustthrough the opening, and the jointed piece putcrossways, so that it cannot be readily with-drawn. The felted disk is now slipped overthe rod and screwed firmly as far as it will go,and the operation is complete. The disks, ofvarious sizes and shapes, are supplied to theadmiralty, and are coming into extensive use inthe merchant service. The importance andefficiency of this invention havebeen recognizedby the Society of Arts by the grant of theirAlbert silver medal.

Flowers In Sleeping-rooms.Don’t have them there. They suck from the

atmosphere the oxygen which is necessary tothe health and comfort of the sleeper. Although“a thing of beauty, and a joy forever,” there isa proper and legitimate place for them, and thatis not the sleeping-room nor the sick-room.Everything which has a tendency to interrupt,or in any manner interfere, in the free circula-tion of the air of the sleeping or sick-rooms,must be removed. Flowers may be admitted toeither at suitable times; the patient or thesleeper may admire and enjoy a bouquet as theywould any other beautiful thing; but they mustbe relieved of it before they go to sleep. Per-

AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE.sons retire to rest at night for the purpose ofsleeping : and the business of the sick is to getwell.

Sick-room Philosophy.The sick-room should be kept moderately

light; enough so to impart to it an air of cheer-fulness. Don’t have it encumbered with awhole “furniture warehouse.” Remove allthings not indispensable. Keep the bedding andpersonal linen of the patient scrupulously clean ;changing both as often as necessity requires.Let the sunshine in daily if possible ; removeall fmces and chamber slops, at the earliest pos-sible moment, and neutralize any unpleasantodors, by burning a pinch or two of groundcoffee in the room. Frequent sponging of thepatient’s face and hands with bay rum or dilutealcohol is very grateful and refreshing.

To Purify Water.Pure and good water is almost as much a

necessity of life as pure air. They “who godown to the sea in ships, and do business inthe great waters,” and who are compelled tocarry their supplies of water with them, will begrateful for the following hints, which will as-sist them materially in purifying their suppliesof drinking water. A tablespoonful of pulver-ized alum put into a cask of water will precipi-tate all the impurities to the bottom of thecask, and enable you to dip or draw from abovethe bottom, water as pure and limpid as thedew. It has no unpleasant taste, and the alumcannot be detected. This is the great secret ofthe man who offers you the patent “ filterer ” forsale. Alum is the great agent. Water that has

144 YESSEL-MASTEE’S MEDICAL MANUALstood in casks for any great length of time, sayten days or more, should never be used fordrinking purposes, without first having beenboiled. The cook or steward on every vesselshould be instructed on each morning to boil asmuch water as may be required for drinking,during the day. This should be set aside, andif you have ice on board all the better. Allwater is improved by boiling, as it cooks theanimlaculse with which all water swarms.

How to Save One’s Self from Drowning-.W. H. Pottinger, of Hamilton, Ontario, Can.,

an experienced swimmer, furnishes the follow-ing few remarks upon the vital importance ofknowing how to keep one’s self afloat whensuddenly immersed in deep water: 11 When youfind yourself in deep water you will sink first afew feet down, but if you do not struggle youwill come quickly to the surface again, whichon reaching immediately draw a full breath,throw your head back, and this will have theeffect of placing you in a recumbent position onthe surface of the water. Now, this is a mostcritical time for those who don’t know what todo next. Extend your arms at once on a levelwith your shoulders, palms of hands downward,so that the water cannot penetrate them, andbegin gently paddling the water, with the move-ment of the hands from the wrist only. Extendyour legs quietly and slowly in a line with yourbody. If you raise your arms or your legs abovethe surface of the water you will sink, but ifyou have the presence of mind not to do so, orstruggle about, you will never sink so long asyou keep paddling gently, without exertion,


with your hands, and so you may float on untilyou are picked up or until you are numbed bycold.”

Disinfectants and Deodorizers.The difference between a “ disinfectant ”

and a “deodorizer” is this: a disinfectant isan agent that attacks poisonous, miasmatic, orputrescent matters, and by breaking up theirconstituent elements, transforms them into in-nocent products. A deodorizer merely masksor at most destroys a bad odor without reach-ing the real spirit of the evil. Its action is noton the putrid product, but merely on the senseof smell, which it blunts to the action of theoffensive vapor. During the prevalence of theplague, black death, sweating sickness andpestilential fevers in England during the mid-dle ages, large amounts of money were spent inessential oils, frankincense, and costly spices, toneutralize the effects of the diseases, but with-out avail. Deodorization is of but little use.Commence at the bottom, destroy or neutralizethe cause and the effect will cease spontane-ously. The name of “antiseptics” is given toa class of agents which give stability to organicmatter, and prevent its putrefaction and de-composition. Well-known examples are com-mon salt for preserving meats; sugar for pre-serving fruits, and vinegar for pickling; creo-sote-and wood oils for preserving smoked meats.Disinfectants are of two kinds, natural andartificial.

Disinfectants, Natural.The atmosphere is a great natural disin-

fectant. It removes contamination by its cur-

146 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALrents, and neutralizes it by its power of oxyda-tion. Water is another powerful disinfectant.But as putrefaction cannot take place withoutmoisture, water may be classed as one of thegreatest promoters of corruption also. Soil orfresh earth is an efficient agent in subduingputridity, and neutralizing decaying animal andvegetable matter. Light, heat, and cold alsoexercise a powerful influence in disinfectionwherever there is cause. Fire is one of thebest in the world, and can be easily applied topurify ship, house, workshop, school or church.

Disinfectants, Artificial.The best, cheapest and most available disin-

fectant in the world is charcoal. Its disinfect-ing qualities are mostly due to its great porosity.Freshly burned charcoal will absorb fifteen percent, of its own weight in moisture and gasesfrom the atmosphere in twenty-four hours. Itloses its disinfecting power by use, but can berestored to full efficiency by moderate heat. Allkind of putrefaction may be arrested by charcoal.Meats of all kinds, fish and game can be pre-served by it, and animal matter in all stages ofdecay loses its offensive odor, when covered witha layer of charcoal. Peat charcoal one part,quick-lime one part, gravel four parts, dissolvenight soil, and deodorize all filth.

Quick-lime, Gypsum and Porous Clayand Coal-tar

Are all cheap and efficient disinfectants:lime is excellent to scatter around in the holdof vessels, in cellars, around sinksand cesspools,and in all places where miasmatic and noxious

AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 147vapors are likely to arise: use it dry, generally;the air will slack it. For over crowded sleepingapartments, and for sick-rooms, add water untila thick creamy substance results, and let it sitaround the rooms, in shallow earthen dishes.Following is an English Patent Disinfectant:oyster shells are burned in a furnace until theypulverize easily. To this is added one-half thequantity by weight of sulphate of iron (cop-peras) ; the result is a fine yellow powder. It isboth cheapand efficient. Gypsum, oras some callit “ plaster of Paris,” and porous clay are goodand cheap disinfectants. Some years since, allFrance went mad over what was known as“ Corne and Demeaux’s Disinfecting Powder,”which is nothing more nor less than powderedgypsum ninety-four parts and six parts coal tar.Hyposulphite of lime will arrest the process offermentation, and prevent cider from becomingsour. It is also used for aiding the granulationof sugar from the cane. Coal-tar is a verypowerful disinfectant also; but should be usedwith great caution, as it is composed of creosoteand carbolic acid.

Chlorine.Chlorine must be introduced into the sick-

room with great care, in consequence of itsability to speedily tarnish all metallic articles. Itis placed in the front rank of disinfectants; itis used in a free state as a gas, also in combina-tion with lime or soda. It quickly destroysnoxious gases, and the organized molecules ofthe miasmatic matter itself. Its penetratingquality enables it to reach all poisonous gases,and it will almost instantly remove all infection

148 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALfrom an atmosphere charged with typhoid ormalarial poison. In the form of chloride oflime, it may be sprinkled around in damp, ma-larial places. For the sick-room, or generalapartment, mix it with a small quantity of water,making it the consistency of thin paste, and setit upon a high shelf in an earthen dish. Fordisinfecting hospital wards the following isProf. Faraday’s method of preparation: com-mon salt one part, binoxyde of manganese onepart, two parts of oil of vitriol previously mixedwith one part of water, left until cool. The oilof vitriol and water are mixed in a wooden ves-sel ; the water must be put in first, one-half thevitriol added, and after cooling add the otherhalf; mix the salt and manganese well. Exposein earthen vessels.

Gas.Every gas consumer should keep a strict

watch upon the meter. See that it registers cor-rectly, and that the gas is of a good quality. InParis, there are public meters, which indicatethe quality of the gas consumed at any andevery hour of the night, to which the public havefree access at all times. It would be a greatblessing if such were the case in some of ourAmerican cities, where the consumer is madeto pay for a very inferior quality of gas, as wellas for double or treble the quantity consumed.See that the meter sits perfectly level, and (if awet meter) that the proper quantity of water isin it. Learn to read the meter.

Note. —When we are threatened with a visit ofAsiatic cholera, it becomes every householder to see toit that his drains, cellar, cesspools and all out-housesare thoroughly disinfectedand cleaned: keep the liveractive, and there will be little danger.


How to Read the Gas Meter.When the door of the meter is open three dials

are exposed, like the dials of a clock. Theright hand dial expresses hundreds; the middleone, thousands ; and the one at the left hand,tens of thousands. The meter, or measure,must be read by the last figure which each indexhas passed. Thus, if the indexes of all thehands are between 6 and 7, it must be read00,000, 6,000, 600 ; that is, 66,600. If the left isat 6, the middle at 7, and the right at 8, it mustbe read 67,800. When the state of the meter istaken, subtract the last statement from thepresent, and the remainder will be the amountof gas consumed. Thus, the present is 78,900and the last statement was 67,800

Consumption, 11,100To Remove Stains from Dresses, etc.To remove stains from silks, satins, broad-

cloths and other fabrics, no general rule can begiven. Grease may generally be extracted bythe patient use of benzine, sulphuric ether,chloroform, spirits turpentine, soap and water,etc., etc. The followingpreparation is used byprofessional cloth cleaners to remove spots fromdelicate fabrics: Take of rectified alcohol six-teen ounces, sulphuric ether one ounce, carbon-ate of potash ten grains; mix, and put in a closelystoppered bottle. Apply with a sponge or woolenrag. In case of staining with acids of anydescription or removing the color, first applyaqua ammonia, to neutralize the acid, thenchloroform will in most cases restore the color.Ox-gall has been used for removing grease and

150 VESSEL-MASTEE’S MEDICAL MANUALdirt stains from fine woolen fabrics and deli-cately colored goods. It is a liquid soap, andremoves stains in the same manner; but caremust be taken to wash it all out after using, asits smell is anything but agreeable. To removeink stains, or iron rust, use oxalate of potash,or even lemon juice ; apply the oxalate in pow-per, after moistening the spots with water;after allowing to stand an hour or two, washout with clean water. Oxalic acid is still morepowerful; but must be watched or it will destroythe fabric. Stains from indelible ink must besoaked in salt and water, and afterwards bewashed in aqua ammonia.

Nursing- the Sick.This is a science in itself. Most experienced

nurses will attend to the great business ofnursing properly; the administration of foodand medicine at proper times; the regulation oftemperature and ventilation; the proper adjust-ment of the bed, and bed-room furniture; theseare the weightier matters, but the “ mint, aniseand cummin ” must not be neglected. Don’tpermit any unnecessary noise in or near thesick-room : quiet is always an excellent medi-cine. Don’t allow any one, children or grownperson, to burst into the sick-room, in a hurry.It frequently disturbs the nervous system, andsets the patient back for days or even weeks.Never allow your patient to be surprised underany circumstances, and if the nurse under-stands her business, it will be prevented. Gen-erally, no visitors, or, at most, only a few,must be admitted to the sick-room. The in-telligent physician will give directions on this

AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE, 151

point, which the nurse will carry out to theletter. There is more harm done by the prac-tice of admitting old gossips to the bed-side ofthe sick, especially sick women, than can beimagined by those not acquainted with actualresults. Don’t allow it! Put your foot uponit! And upon them also, if they won’t take ahint otherwise. Never permit whispering in asick room! What the patient may not hearmust not be said at all. Speak in low tones.But never whisper.

To Remove Fruit and Wine Stains.The stains produced by wines, fruits, and

colored vegetables are by no means easy of re-moval. As soon as discovered, they should bethoroughly rubbed with a suds of borax soapand soft water ; dip repeatedly in sour butter-milk ; and dry in the sun ; rub on a thick pasteof starch and water (cold), and expose to therays of the sun for hours ; then wash out. Oneof the best methods of removing such stainsfrom white goods, as table cloths, napkins, etc.,is to soak them over night in a strong solutionof chlorine water, and in the morning washthem in the usual manner, in good borax soap-suds. To set colors in calicoes, etc., beforewashing, dip them in ammonia water.

The Best Whitewashin the world is made as follows: half bushel un-slacked lime, slack with boiling water; cover tokeep steam in, strain when cool through a finesieve. Add a peck of rock salt, previously dis-solved in boiling water; three pounds groundrice; half pound powdered Spanish whiting-;

152VESSEL-MASTEK’S MEDICAL MANUALone pound clean glue, previously dissolved inthe usual manner. Add live gallons of hot water,and cover, and let stand a fewr days. It shouldbe applied hot as possible, and with a paint-brush. A pint of this wash will cover a squareyard of surface ; it retains its brilliancy foryears, and for wood, brick, or stone-work is asgood as oil paint. There is nothing better as awiiitewash known.

Good Teeth. Best Dentifrice.A set of good, clean, sound, healthy teeth, is an

element of beauty in any human being, male orfemale, through the whole of God’s glad creation.It is a mighty convenient thing to have also, asevery unfortunate who has experienced the lossof one will readily inform you. We abuse ourteeth, as we do everything else wr e possess, as soonaswr e are old enough to have them. Picking themwith all sorts of improper instruments, we knockoff the enamel, and thus open the way to earlylooseness and decay. Neglect of proper wash-ing after meals isanother positive and direct roadto ruin for the finest mouthful of teeth a man orwoman ever possessed. Let every child complywith the following simple directions, and teeth-ache, dentists, and Sozodont, will all have to findother employment or a home in “Kingdomcome.” Immediately after each meal, when yourise from the table, take a little piece of muslinor a soft brush, and remove all particles of foodfrom the teeth, and then rinse the mouth thor-oughly with cold water. Each morning when yourise from bed use the following dentifrice, whichis the best and cheapest in the world : Pulver-ized orrisroot, pulverized charcoal, and common


table salt; mix in equal parts. Use a rag and alittle water. A brush is too hard.

Eyes vs. Spectacles.Don’t put on glasses or spectacles until you

are positively compelled to do so. The eyes, likeall the other organs of the human system, wereintended by our beneficent Creator to last us aslong as we live ; and if we are taught in child-hood to take proper care of them, they will do so.Glass eyes were never contemplated in ouroriginal construction, any more than werewooden legs. Both are the results of the chapterof accidents. But we learn much earlierto takecare of our legs than of our eyes ; hence thereare in use five hundred pairs of glasses for everypair of wooden legs. John Quincy Adams, ofMassachusetts, lived to be eiglity-six years old,and never had to wear spectacles. Thousandsof others have done the same. Are their eyesconstructed differently from yours or mine ? Byno means. But as Mr. Adams himself tells us,his attention was called to the value of goodeyesight at a very early age; and he at oncecommenced using the means to preserve it. Theeyeball in a healthy state is perfectly round, andwere it always kept so, spectacles had never beeninvented. But by rubbing the eye down fromthe nose in washing, the 'eyeball* becomes flat-tened, and the sight impaired. Always wash to-ward your nose, and your eyesight will alwaysbe good.

The “Perambulator.”The idea may be deemed exceedingly vulgar,

but unfortunately it is nevertheless true, thatnearly every house in this country is infested

154 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALwith that little perambulating pest known asthe bed-bug. He is a nuisance of the firstwater ; an eighteen carat scalawag ; and an un-mitigated cuss, pure and simple. He is mostemphatically, “ the pestilence which walketh indarkness,” and the marauder which stinketh atnoon-day. He is a friendless cuss; his hand isagainst everybody, and everybody’s hand isagainst him. How to quelch him, how to banishhim from our homes and beds, is a questionwhich has vexed more pious housewives, thanany doctrinal point in Paul’s Epistle to the He-brews. The following methods are recommen-ded: They cannot stand alum. Take two poundsof finely pulverized alum, dissolve in four quartsof boiling water. Apply hot as possible to everycrevice and joint of the bedstead, floor, andwashboard around the room, and to every placewhere the bugs find a hiding-place. Apply itfreely, and you will have no more trouble fromthem that season. If they have entrenchedthemselves, and seemingly taken possession ofthe room, then close the windows tightly, stopup the keyhole and cracks around the door, thentake four ounces of sulphur, and one ounce ofalcohol, put on a large shovel, place the whole inan iron or tin vessel and set fire to the brimstoneand shut the door. In an hour or two they’ll beno more.

Hair Dye.Don’t color your hair. It is difficult to im-

prove on the natural hues. And as the eyes andcomplexion generally match the hair, coloringthe latter would seem little short of ridiculous.However, if you must dye, here is the best, mostharmless, and cheapest “ hair dye ” known:


Take of unslacked lime, two ounces ; litharge,six drams, powder finely, and pass through a finesieve. Add as much hot water as will make apaste thick as cream. Mix well and applythoroughly to the hair, on retiring for the night;after saturating the hair well, wrap in commonbrown paper or cabbage leaves, then a towel,and over all a nightcap. In the morning, washthoroughly with soap and water, after combingout the dry powder, and dress the hair with“Melville’s Magic Scalp Cleaner.” This is thefinest hair dressing ever invented, and thecheapest.

To Make Shoes Wear Well.Fjll both sole and upper with linseed oil, until

they will absorb no more. Lay aside for a monthor two. Tokeep the water out of boots and shoestreat them to a coating of tallow and resin inequal parts, melted over the fire until perfectlymixed. Should you desire them to take an im-mediate polish, mix beeswax, turpentine andlampblack in equal quantities, and apply cold twodays after the tallow and resin. They’ll shinelike a bottle.

Menorrliagia, and Uterine Hemor-rhage.*

By special request, I here insert some remarksupon the subject of menorrhagia, and uterinehemorrhage:

The subject is certainly one of sufficient im-*Any person wishing to consult Dr. Melville upon

this or any other subject, can do so by letter, with per-fect freedom and confidence, beingassured ofrespectfulattention.

156 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALportance to need no apology for its introductioninto a work of this character. Menorrhagia is anexcessive flow of the menstrual or monthly dis-charge in females, and is generally superinducedby weakness, leucorrhoea, or whites, and im-proper employments, during the existence of thecatamenial discharge. It is extremely weaken-ing in its effects, and unless promptly checked,will soon reduce the patient to a state of greatdebility. In most cases, perfect rest, in a hori-zontal position, with the feet elevated a foot ortwo above the elevation of the head, will give re-lief. If not, dissolve one dram of gallic acid ina pint of cold water, and syringe the birthplaceevery hour, throwing in from two to four ounceseach time, and retaining it there as long as pos-sible. (Remain in the horizontal position withthe feet elevated,) and take tincture of opium,15 drops every three hours, until sixty drops aretaken. Or“ Diaphoretic Powders,” (opium, cam-phor, ipecac, capsicum, and cream of tartar,)fifteen grains, in a dessertspoonful of syrup orhoney, every three hours until four doses aretaken. Stop taking for twenty-four hours.Keep quiet, and the feet elevated.

Uterine Hemorrhage, as understood in con-tradistinction to menorrhagia, is always pro-duced by violence, and that violence is generallyinflicted by the woman herself in the pursuit ofimproper and illegal practices. There is at thismoment an advertisement going the rounds ofthe city, of the French pessary, the object ofwhich is to gull the ignorant and vicious out of$5, for an article which is utterly worthless forthe purpose for which it purports to be made.It is not new; but an article which every physi-


cian well knows and abominates, as a terriblehumbug. Ladies, let pessaries severely alone !

They are only evil, and that continually ; for inaddition to the original womb disease, thatcaused by wearing the pessary must be curedalso. Accept no French pessaries from any one.If you have womb troubles consult a reliablephysician. Your own tampering with pessarieswill only make you worse. For uterine hemor-rhage, the following are the best prescriptionsknown:

Take sulphuric acid, five drams; spirits tur-pentine, two drams; alcohol, tw'o drains. Mixthe turpentine and acid slowly; then add alcohol;stop tightly. Dose: forty drops in sugar everythree hours. Another: Take of benzoic acid,one dram; pulverized alum, three drams;water, four and a half ounces. Mix, and sy-ringe the birthplace every hour or two.

M. Pagliari, a celebrated druggist at Rome,gives to the French army the following, as thebest styptic, or blood-stopper, in the world:

Tincture benzoin, eight ounces; alum, onepound; water, ten pounds. Boiled in a glazedearthen vessel together six hours. Keep stirring,and replace the vapor waste with hot water.Filter, and keep in stoppered bottles. Syringeas often as required.

In uterine hemorrhage, wash out the clots,and continue the styptic syringing until thehemorrhage abates. Take of the tincture of theresin of Indian hemp, forty drops; alcohol, thirtydrops; water, (distilled,) four ounces. Mix,and give the patient one-quarter of this everythree or four hours. Take of dilute sulphuricacid, one dram. Tincture of opium, thirty

VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALdrops. Mix, and divide into four equal parts.Give one part every four hours in cinnamonwater, say two or three ounces. The best re-sults are often obtained from this prescription.

When the patient is simply suffering from anexcessive and long-continued catamenial dis-charge the following will be found useful:Let the patient take tincture of cinnamon, adram every six hours, for fourteen days afterthe discharge has stopped, or if obstinate, onedose a day for a month.

Poultices.Slippery elm bark and flaxseed meal make

one of the best poultices known. Make a mushof the meal, and sprinkle on about one-quarteras much of the elm bark. Apply hot as possible.

Bread and milk. Heat your milk, and

Siur it over the bread, after reducing to crumb.oil until perfectly soft, stir well, and mix in a

little unsalted lard or sweet oil to keep fromsticking.

Corn meal. Indian meal, five tablespoon-fuls ; rye flour, one tablespoonful, sift it throughyour fingers into boiling \>ater, stirring all thetime ; boil well, and add a little oil as above.

Apples, pared, cored, and boiled to a softpulp form an excellent poultice.

Hops, scalded in hot vinegar, and applied toold ulcers, swellings and the like, are very goodand cleansing. Boil a handful of hops for fiveminutes in a pint of water, strain, and thickenthe liquor with Indian meal, boil five minutes,and add a little lard, and you have a nicepoultice.

Starch, in any quantity necessary ; thickenwith boiling water. Add a little oil.


Yeast. Wheat flour, one pound ; yeast, halfpint; mix over a gentle tire, until it begins torise, then apply hot.

Spice. Cinnamofl, allspice, ginger and clovesin equal parts ; pulverize and mix in honey orsyrup.

Mustard. Take ground mustard seed andrye flour, equal parts; make into a paste withwater and add a little lard to prevent sticking.

Alum. White of two eggs, broken into aplate, and with a lump of alum stir into a curd ;wrap in muslin so that only one thickness comesbetween the poultice and the skin.

Brown sugar and soap make an excellentpoultice for a boil.

White lily root, four ounces and figs onepound, meal four ounces, boiled in pint and halfWater, until well mixed, form an excellent poul-tice for running sores and swellings.

Boiled carrot, or even raw carrot finelygrated, makes another very superior poultice.

Chamomile flowers boiled with the topsof wormwood, and applied to inflamed surfaces,will quickly reduce the inflammation.

Lettuce leaves boiled soft, make an excel-lent poultice to x-elieve acute pain.

To Prevent Sunstroke.Those persons who are compelled to expose

themselves to the sun’s rays in extreme hotweather, should always carry a wet handker-chief or towel in the top of the hat, wettingit occasionally as it becomes dry. If farmersand others who can obtain them will alwayscarry a large plantain, burdock or cabbage leafin their hats, they will never be sunstruck.

160 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALFood for the Sick.

Beef tea. Take half pound of pood leanbeef, cut in thin slices ; put into a bowl, and{>our over it one pint of boiling water; let stand)y the fire half hour, to steep, (not boil.) Pouroff the juice and squeeze out the debris ; seasonthe liquor with a little salt, and give to pa-tient.

Beef extract. Take two pounds of good,juicy, fresh beef, remove all the fat; chop fine

like sausage-meat; put in a saucepan with onequart of water, and place near the fire where itwill heat very slowly. Let stand two hours be-fore coming to boil; stir occasionally. Let boilfifteen minutes; season properly. Pour off.strain, and bottle for use, after skimming offall the fat. This is one of the best preparationsin use.

Chicken hroth. Take a chicken, (old one isbest,) boil to shreds; season with salt. Keepthin by adding water: when done, skim, strain,and put away in an earthen or glass vessel, tobe used as required. When given to the patient,toasted bread, boiled rice, or barley may beadded.

Chickenpanada. Boil a grown chicken intwo quarts of water. When nearly done, re-move the skin, and cut off all the white meatwhich reduce to a pulp in a mortar. Add aquantity of the broth, and season with salt, anda little grated lemon peel. Then add waterand boil. Make it thin, about the consistencyof gruel, and when served to the patient, breadcrumbs, rice, barley, unbolted flour, and otherthings may be added.

Barley gruel. Boil quarter pound of pearl


barley in three quarts of water down to onequart. Strain, and sift in a little pulverizedcinnamon, and sweeten to taste; add half pintof milk, and warm and use as required.

Calves’ feet broth. Take two calves’ feet,well dressed, split open and cut off all the fat;add about four ounces lean veal; boil in three orfour quarts of water, to about three pints. Adda crust of bread, four inches long, by threewide, a little salt and one-half a lemon peel;when boiled to a jelly it is ready for use. Letcool, skim and strain. If too thick reduce withwater.

Mutton broth. Take one pound of mut-ton, cut off all the fat, and add one quart ofwater, a little salt, and a few pieces of bread-crust; boil slowly for two hours; skim off thefat carefully, and it is ready for use.

Arrow root blanc mange. Take of Ber-muda arrow root four ounces; sweet milk onepint; boil the milk with twelve sweet and sixbitter almonds properly mashed. Strain andsweeten with loaf sugar. Then put the milk ina kettle, and stir in the arrow root, boiling hot;stir all the time it is boiling, say ten minutes.If you wish to mould it, first wet the mould incold water, and pour in while warm. Whencool, it will come out without sticking. Whenprepared as a sick diet, moulding is unnecessary.This is a light and nutritious article for the sick.

Irish moss jelly. Take one ounce of Irishmoss, and immerse for ten minutes in coldwater; then wash through two waters, to re-move the bitter taste. Add two quarts ofwater, and ten or fifteen grains of cinnamonbark, and boil to a thick jelly; strain and season


to taste with port wine, sherry, or, if for imme-diate use, lemon juice and white sugar.

Wine Whey. Take one quart of newmilk, and one pint of water, mix, and place overthe fire ; when they begin to boil, add half pintsour wine ; boil slowly for fifteen minutes; dur-ing this time the curd collects, after which re-move the curd, and the whey is ready for use.May be flavored to taste.

Graham bread is made of unbolted wheatflour freshly ground. Wet the flour withlukewarm water, and use yeast and salt,as in wheat bread. Knead in sufficient flourto make it stiff; let stand until risen, andbake. This is the best bread in the world fordyspeptics, and persons troubled with a costivehabit.

Unlea\r ened bread is made as follows:Unbolted flour from winter wheat, salt, andwith sweet milk make a batter as thick as cupcakes; with a spoon, drop into small tins, andbake in a quick oven, so hot that they will bewell done in fifteen or twenty minutes. Theymay be eaten warm, as they are perfectly harm-less.

The Festive Mosquito.That “ musical hound of the fairy king,” the

festive mosquito, is a social nuisance every-where within the bounds of civilization. Hun-dreds of pious philosophers, who have mutteredcurses both loud and deep on his nightly inso-lence, have spent whole days and even weeks intrying to get clear of him. But like the Indian,and the English sparrow, the more you try toclear him out, the more he won’t go. The fol-lowing plan, however, gets him worst of all:


Take a piece of gum camphor, about the size ofa hickory nut, and ignite it over a lamp, candleor gas: take care that it does not blaze. Thesmoke, which is not disagreeable, will soon fillthe room, and every mosquito will take an un-ceremonious leave.

Insects on Trees and Plants.Caterpillars, grubs, and the whole army of

marauders, that destroy the foliage of trees andplants, may be put to rout by the followingsimple means : Dissolve whale oil soap in warmwater, make a strong suds and sprinkle the treeor plant with a metal syringe; they cannotstand it. Or take half pound of rotten tobacco,(some think it is all rotten,) pour over it twoquarts of boiling water, and let stand threehours. This juice is fatal to all insect life.Apply it by syringe or any other way.

Perspiration.To neutralize .the unpleasant odors arising

from perspiration: Put a tablespoonful of am-monia water, in the basin of water when youwash. Try it. This instinct will abate theoutstink.

Tobacco.This article is not written for those whose

systems and consciences are saturated with atobacco habit of twenty-five or thirty years’standing: I do not expect that any amount ofmoral reasoning will reach them. But to theyoung, to those who are justentering life’s rosyportal, and who are not yet one “ bundle ofhabits,” let me say, shun tobacco ! Shun it, in

164 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MAMJALall its various forms and shapes ; shun it, as youwould the plague, or the leprosy; it is moredeadly than either! The numbers sent by itannually to an untimely grave are legion. Ithas no virtues whatever, and every known vice !

It is filthy, ungentlemanly, and disgusting. Itis unhealthy and unrefined to use it. Therefore,shun it!

Eating.The most common things in life are those of

which we know the least, and consequently aremost neglected. Eating, which all must doevery day, the celebrated Dr. Tanner excepted,is an illustration. We eat too much ; we eattoo fast; and we eat at improper times. Therecan be no general rule laid down as to the quan-tity we may require to supply the waste ofnature; but stuffing is a common and crying evil.Eat a fair amount; eat at regular hours everyday ; say 7 A. M., 1 and 6 p. m., and never underany circumstances eat between meals, or beforegoing to bed at night. The violation of thisrule is a fruitful source of dyspepsia, “ nervous-ness ” and general debility.

Emmenag’og’iies.Emmenagogues are a class of medicines which

encourage and promote the catamenial dis-charge. Three out of every four women in thiscountry, who have passed the age of puberty,are suffering more or less, to-day, from irregu-larity of the menses. Many go through life,martyrs in this cause, and never dream of free-dom and health, until nature, by that otherchange, removes the cause of a lifetime ofsuffer-ing. The great fault in these cases lies in the


ignorance and mock-modesty of tlie mother. Isaid to a lady yesterday. “Your daughter israpidly approaching womanhood : have you in-structed her in the nature and influence of thatchange?” “No, indeed! I had to find it outmyself: let her do it also,” was the reply. Thiswoman had been a sufferer all her life from thiscause, and this criminal negligence on her part,to instruct her daughter in one of the most im-portant of nature’s functions, will recoil onherself in due time. Mothers, subdue yourmock-modesty ! Perform your whole duty withyour daughters! Teach them the use as wellas the abuse of nature’s important organs andfunctions; and your own consciences will thenbe clear in case of physical or moral shipwreck.There are but few medicines which act directlyon the uterus or womb; ergot being about theonly one known to exercise a direct influenceover this organ, and that influence is confinedto increasing its expulsive power. To insuresuccess with this class of remedies, the systemof the patient must first be prepared for theiruse. If there be general debility, and relaxa-tion, give tonics to improve the health: if therebe an undue degree of arterial action, on theother hand, reduce by means of laxatives andnarcotics. The following are some of themeans which may with perfect safety be used topromote the menstrual discharge, when inter-rupted by any innocent, natural cause. (N. B.The following remedies are intended to applyonly in cases of nongravidity: in pregnancy,they are worse than useless ; they are actuallypernicious.) When the change to womanhoodis expected, and the first signs are slow in their

166 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALdevelopment, the feet of the patient should besoaked in mustard water hot as can be borne,from three to five times each week. Prepare alsothe following teas, (or any one of them.) Bluecohosh, (can be found at any botanic drug store,)one ounce; pour over it one quart boiling water,and let steep one hour. It is then fit for use.Drink of this freely during the day, and at nighton retiring; after the mustard foot bath, drinka full half pint. Red raspberry leaves, made intotea in a similar manner, are also most excellentfor this purpose. Pennyroyal is also useful inthe same disease. Hot hop poultices appliedover the pubes ; hot sand bags, or compress ofhot water, all applied to the lower abdomen,after retiring for the night, are considered use-ful : let them remain on until cool, after whichtime they are useless. If you do not succeedthe first time, don’t give up, but try it again.If, after giving these remedies, and such othersas may be recommended a fair trial, you fail,then send for “ Melville’s Female MonthlyPills,” which are prepared to order only, andwhich will be warranted for the purpose forwhich they ate made. Price $2.50 per box. Thereare many kinds of pills advertised for this pur-pose, but the basis of most of them is aloes; adangerous poison, which must only be usedunder the direction of a good physician.

Horses.“Themerciful man is merciful to his

beast,” saith the proverb; and, verily, theproverb saith truly! The horse is man’s nearestand best companion; and it is wonderful whata world of intelligence and affection he is capa-


ble of developing, when treated kindly, andstudied closely. I have made horses a study,(as well as jackasses,) and have never found theformer deficient in gratitude for an act of kind-ness rendered, whatever I may be compelled tosay of the latter.

Now, I am not the “ Horse Editor” of thisbook, and I do not intend to write a treatise onthe “Rise and Progress” of “ Horseology inAmerica.” But I wish simply to call attentionto a few things in which, I tliink, the comfortof both horse and driver may be promoted.Throw away your check-lines and blinkers.Your horse regards them as an intolerable nuis-ance, and he will thank you with his best bowwhen they are removed. Pay particular atten-tion to your harness; see that it is as light asis consistent with strength, and that every partfits the horse easily and correctly. Don’t lethim stand in the rain or the sunshine if you canavoid it; and when unavoidable, make the stopas short as possible. Always blanket in winter,and shade in summer. The horse is very fondof a bath, and manifests his enjoyment of it inthe most unmistakable manner: try him. Doyou know of any way to keep the flies from tor-menting him in extremely hot weather V No ?

Well, then, Iwill tell you. Greenwalnut leaves,and the green nuts, are boiled in water overnight, and the horse’s coat is rubbed over withthe liquor before he leaves the stable. It is in-tensely bitter, and the flies will give it a wideberth. Nutgalls infused in water have the sameeffect. And it pays. Fish berries soaked in al-cohol, and then mixed with water, applied in thesame way, will kill all the flies as they taste it.

168 VESSEL-MASTEE'S MEDICAL MANUALDr. Melville’s Family Medicines.

Put up to order only.Melville’s Magic Liver Powders, price $2 per

dozen. By mail.Melville’s “Elixir of Life,” small bottles $1,

large, $2. By express.Melville’s Monthly Female Pills, price $2.50.

By mail.Melville’s Monthly Female Elixir, price $1.50.

By express.Melville’s Fever and Ague Remedy, price $5.

By express.Melville’s Course of Treatment for Prolapsus

Uteri.Melville’s Sure Neuralgia Cure, price $1.Melville’s Magic Cough Remedy, (three day

cure,) 50 cts. and $1.Melville’s Preventative for Small-pox, and

Scarlatina, $1 per quart.Melville’s Magic Eye Lotion, for weak and

sore eyes, 50 cts. and $1.Melville’s Magic Scalp Cleaner and Ilair

Dressing, $1.Melville’s “Traveller's Safety Box,” a

treasure.) $3.Melville’s Magic Cure for Incontinence of

Urine, child $1, adults $2.Melville’s Treatment for St. Vitus’ Dance.Melville’s Magic Treatment for “Bright’s

Disease.”

Cautionary Signals on a Lea-sliore.A word in private to sailors and others who

are compelled to be much alone: There are fewpeople on earth who are so strongly tempted


to indulge in solitary vice as “Poor Jack.”Alone on the deck, in his midnight watch inmid ocean, far away from home and those heloves; every opportunity is offered for the in-dulgence, of the dangerous nature of which heis perhaps profoundly ignorant! The vice isknown by the name of masturbation ; and isnothing more nor less than an attempt to pro-duce the pleasures of sexual intercourse with thehand. It is impossible to go into a scientifictreatise on the whys and the wherefores of theinjuries you infiict on yourselves by indulgencein this terrible practice, in a work of this na-ture ; but rest assured, take the word of an oldman who has been in the practice of medicinefor more than forty-six years, and has seen thisterrible evil in all its naked deformity in thehospitals to which it had consigned its victims,and if you have formed the habit, break it off atonce and forever! If you have not formed it,thank God, and take courage, and fight againstit to the end.

There is no evil, physical, moral, or mental, ofwhich it is not the prolific parent. It under-mines the constitution, and saps the very foun-dation of moral honesty. It breaks down thebarriers of courage and honor, and robs itsvictims of their manhood, their frankness, andtheir self-respect. It makes cowards, poltroonsand knaves of its victims, and clothes them withmeanness, infamy and shame ! In a short timethe victim loses his self-respect; he cannot lookhis fellow-men in the face; conscious guiltmakes him hang his head, and he goes throughthe world branded with the curse of Cain, hishand against every man, and consequently

170 VESSEL-MASTEK’S MEDICAL MANUALevery man’s hand against him. As Burns saidof another vice:

“ I waive the quantum of the sin,And hazard of concealing;

But oh ! it hardens all within,It petrifies the feeling ! ”

It carries, to a certain extent, its own punish-ment with it. After a very short career thisvice stamps itself on the countenance of its vic-tim, and he becomes “ his own epistle, knownand read of all.” He loses his distinctive char-acter ; becomes silent, sour, morose; loses hisenergy and ambition ; becomes a coward ; and isfrightened at the merest trifles; his strengthfadeth away like a tale that is told, and hismanly beauty consumeth like ashes 1 He loseshis self-respect, and his admiration for the othersex, and sinks away into solitude that he mayindulge in his fatal infatuation unseen 1

He soon becomes unfitted for the performanceof life’s duties ; sneaks through life whipped byshame, and shunned by all decent people, andfinally dies in a mad-h'ouse, with silence for amonument 1 Be warned, then, and shun it for-ever.

Sound Sense.A word in relation to patent medicines and

quack nostrums: do not be deceived, the wholetribe, the entire “seed, breed and generation”of them are only evil and that continually. Ido not wish to insinuate that because a medi-cine is advertised it is therefore worthless ; farfrom it. But, unfortunately, the most worthless


is generally the ffiost extensively advertised.Nearly all patent medicines claim too much.Take up the first newspaper that comes to hand,and read how the celebrated Dr. Grinder, whoflourished some two hundred years ago, discov-ered, and kept as a profound secret, a universalcure-all, a few bottles of which are representedas an effectual cure for all the ills to whichhumanity is heir. It has never yet failed tocure kidney and bladder complaints; lung,heart, liver"and stomach diseases; gravel, andBright’s disease. Rheumatism, gout, neuralgiaand spinal troubles all disappear before it, likedew before the sun. The secret of compound-ing this invaluable succedanium has just beenrediscovered by the “ Grinder Medical Com-pany,” (not one member of which, probably,ever received a common school education,) atwhose office it is manufactured. “For sale byall druggists.” Every sensible man knows thatas all diseases are not produced by one cause, sono one remedy can remove the cause of all dis-eases. No man who has a fine gold watch toclean and repair puts it into the hands of a car-penter or the keeper of a fancy goods store tobe manipulated by them. Neither should anyman submit that most wonderful piece of ma-chinery, that “ harp of a thousand strings,” thehuman system, to the tender mercies of thedruggist and the patent medicine vendor.Verily, my comrades, such things should notbe. If you are sick, consult a regular physi-cian, one whose years and experience will giveweight to his opinions, and value to his advice.Shun all patent medicines as you would theplague ; if you do not, they may eventually give

172 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALyou ailments, compared to which the plague isa mere trifle. For at the foundation of manyof the popular patent medicines, lay poisonswhich can only be harmless under the manipu-lation of intelligent and well-trained physicians.

GENERAL TREATMENT OFPOISONING.

These tables should be firmly fixed in thememory. Use the stomach pump, if possible.

Mineral or Inorganic Poisons.POISON.

Acids.Acetic, citric,

muriatic, sul-phuric.

Nitric, oxalic.

Carbolic acid.

Prussic, laurelwater, nitro-benzine, oil ofbitter almonds.

Alkaliesand salts: car-

bonate ammo-nia, causticpotash.

REMEDY.Give carbonates of soda, pot-

ash, lime and magnesia.All are remedies for poisonsof this kind. For muriaticacid, no water must begiven : it pi'oduces toomuch heat.

Carbonates of lime and mag-nesia alone must be given.

Has no special antidote.Treat as other irritant acidpoisons. White of eggs,milk, etc.

Chlorine water: ammonianot more than half dram toa pint. Apply cold waterto the head.

Castor oil; linseed oil; oliveoil; lemon-juice ; vinegar ;citric and tartaric acids.


POISON.

Antimony.Butter of anti-

mony, oxide ofantimony, tar-tar emetic.

Arsenic.

White arsenic.Creosote.

Arsenious acid.Emerald green.Yellow ai'senic.

Fowler’s Solu-tion.Fly poison.Orpiment.

Paris green.Realgar.

Scheele’s green.

Baryta.Chloride.Nitrate.

REMEDY.

Tickle throat with a featheruntil vomiting is produced ;large draughts of warmwater; infusions of oakbark, Peruvian bark, shouldbe given immediately.

Fine precipitated carbonateof iron every five or tenminutes ; five to ten grainsin a glass of water.

It is neutralized promptly bywhite of eggs.

Diffused iron and ammonia,or diffused iron and mag-nesia are antidotes for ar-senious acid and yellowarsenic.

Large draughtsof lime water;sesqui-chloride of iron.

Emetic of sulphate of zincfifteen or twenty grains,and ipecac ten grains, inglass of warm water: slip-pery ehn tea in large quan-tities ; counter irritantsbefore the stomach isemptied. No acid drinks.

Sulphate of magnesia (Epsomsalts) is a safe and promptantidote for poisoning bythese preparations ofbaryta.

VESSEL-MASTEE’S MEDICAL MANUAL174

POISON.Copperand salts.Verdigris.Pickles.

Bismuthand salts.

Pearl powder.

ChomiumGases.

Chloroform, car-bonic acid, coalgas.

Iodine.Iodide potas-

sium.

Iron.Copperas.

Lead.Acetate, carbo-

nate, litharge,Goulard’s ex-tract.

REMEDY.

Milk; white of eggs; give novinegar; reduce inflamma-tion in the ordinary way.Quiet the nervous system ;morphia.

Milk and sweet mucilaginousdrinks, as barley water,gum-arabic water; leeches;bleeding; clysters; subdueinflammation.

Smart emetic, (see fly poison;)magnesia and chalk ; chlo-rine; inhale ammonia orether; ice to the head;blood-letting; artificial res-piration.

Iodine forms an insolublecompound with starch,farina, wheat flour, etc.;mix largely with water andgive promptly. For iodideof potassa, vomit withwarm water.

Carbonate of soda, twentygrains in glass of water ;barley water; gum-arabicwater.

Epsom salts; phosphate ofsoda; from half to oneounce in water, for the so-luble salts. For solids, di-lute sulphuric acid, tendrops in water; iodide ofpotassiumfor chroniccases.


POISON.Mercury.

White precipi-tate, red precip-itate, corro-sive sublimate,vermilion.

Silver.Lunar caustic.

Tin.

Zinc.Acetate, sul-

phate, whitevitriol.

Phosphorus.Matches, etc.

REMEDY.Albumen ; white of eggs;

milk ; wheat flour beatenwith water; give promptly ;pulv. iron, enclosed ingold leaf ; iron filings ;reduce inflammation asusual.

Common salt, given prompt-ly ; teaspoonful is a dose;repeat if necessary.

Large draughts of milk.Treat symptoms.

Carbonate of soda; milk ;eggs; relieve vomitingwith copious draughts ofwarm water.

Prompt vomit, (see flypoison ;) magnesia.

Vegetable Poisons. Irritant.Aloes.

Bryony.Celandine.Colocynth.Croton oil.

Cubebs.Elaterium.

Euphorbium.Gamboge.

Jalap.

If the poison has caused vom-iting, give warm water orthin gruel. If insensibilitycomes on without vomitinggive sulphate of zinc, andafterwards a smart purga-tive. Then give strongcoffee and vinegar andwater; camphor mixturewith ether may be given ;


REMEDY.warmth; friction; bro-mine; chlorine; iodine tan-nic acid and animal char-coal, are recommended asuseful.

Acronarcotic, (those that acton the brain and other or-gans,) and narcotic, (thosethat act on the brain alone.)Evacuate the stomach withtartar emetic, two grains,in warm water; or sulph.zinc, twenty grains inwater; give enema ofstrong soapsuds; give novegetable acids until afterthe poison is expelled fromthe stomach. If sleepinessor insensibility appear,walk your patient around,and keep him awake. Elec-tro-magnetism if a batterycan be had; bromine; chlo-rine ; iodine ; are all good.Hypodermicinjections(thatis under the skin,) of mor-phia have been found usefulin cases of poisoning withatropia, and in all cases ofpoisoning by sti’amoniumor belladonna, and otherdrugs of a similar nature ;constant and even violent

POISON.Mezereon.

Poke.Savin oil.Tansy oil.

Wake Robin,etc., etc.

Aconite.Atropia.

Baneberry.Belladonna.Blood root.

Calabar bean.Camphor.

Cherry laurel.Cocculuslndicus.

Colchicum.Curare.

Dogbane.Digitalis.Ergot.

Gelseminum.Hellebore.Hemlock.Henbane.Lobelia.

Nux vomica.Opium.

Poison oak.Rue.Squill.

Stramonium.Tobacco.

Veratria veride.Wild cherry.


POISON.Wild orange.Etc., etc.

REMEDY.action, as shocking, etc., ishighly recommended bythose who have tried it.

Medicines by Measure, Instead ofWeight.

A dram is about a teaspoonful: Four teaspoonfuls areequal to a tablespoonful, or one-half ounce. Two tea-spoonfuls are equal to a dessertspoonful, and four des-sertspoonfuls, or two tablespoonfuls, are equal to oneounce.A pint is 16 fluid ounces.A tumblerful is 8 f. ounces.A teacupful is 4 f. ounces.A wineglassful is 2 f.

ounces.A tablespoonful is 1 f.

ounce.A teaspoonful is 1 f. dram.

AvoirdupoisWeight.

1 drachm is equal to 27.-34175 Troy grains.

16 drams 1 ounce.16 ounces 1 pound.14 pounds 1 stone.8 stone 1 hundred weight.20 hundred weight 1 ton.

Troy Weight.*24 grains make 1 penny-

weight.20 pennyweights make 1

ounce.12 ounces make 1 pound.

Dry Measure.Tablespoon holds i ounce.Dessertspoon holds2 drams.Teaspoon holds 1 dram, or

sixty grains.

Apothecaries’Weight.

1 grain is marked gr.20 grainsmake 1 scruple 3.3 scruples make 1 dram 3.8 drams make 1 ounce12 ouncesmake 1 pound lb.

Apothecaries’ FluidMeasure.

1 minim f marked m.60 minims one fluid dram

/. 3.8 fluid drams one fluid

ounce/.16 fluid ounces one pint O.

♦Used in weighing gold, silver and precious stones, etc.■(■In manv instances a minim is equivalent to a drop.

178 YESSEL-MASTEE’S MEDICAL MANUALMeaning- of Words used in tlie follow-

ing Table.Absorbents. Are agents which take up fluids.Alteratives. Change the action, from diseased to

healthy.Antacids. Neutralize acids; carbonates are used for

that purpose.Anti-spasmodics. Subdue spasms.Anthelmintics. Subdue and- eradicate worms from the

system.Arterial Sedatives. Reduce vital action.Arterial Stimulants. Excite vital action.Astringents. Contract, or draw up the living tissues.Cathartics. Evacuate the bowels.Chalybeates. Contain iron in certain quantities.Demulcents. Are bland, unirritating substances.Diaphoretics. Promote perspiration.Diuretics. Increase the flow of urine.Emetics. Produce vomiting.Emollients. Soften and soothe irritated surfaces.Emmenagogues. Promote the menstrual flow.Epispastics and Vesicants. Produce blistering.Errhines. Encourage discharges from the nostrils.Escharotics. Burn and destroy the skin with which

they come in contact.Expectorants. Encourage spitting and promote secre-

tions from the lungs.Excito-Motor Stimulants. Act on the motor nerves,

through the spinal marrow.Febrifuges. Subdue fevers.Narcotics. Excite the nerves of the brain.Nervous Sedatives. Reduce nervous power, and the

force of circulation.Prophylactics. Prevent diseases.Rubefacients. Inflame the skin, without blistering.Sialagogues. Promote the flow of saliva, or spittle.Sudorifics. Promote perspiration.Styptics. Control the flow of blood. They are power-

ful astringents.Tonics. Key up, and excite general action.


A Table of Doses of Medicines forAdults.

With name, character, and amount to be taken, to produce cer-tain results

Name.Aconite Leaves

(Tinct.)Aconite Root (Tinct.)

Aconite Root, Fid.Ext.

Aconite Root, SolidExt.

Agrimony Decoction.Alder, blk., Decoc-

tion.Alder, tag, Decoction.

Aloes SocotrinePowdered.

Aloes Socotrinecomp.Decoc.

Aloes Socotrine Tinc-ture.

Aloes Socotrine Pills.Aloes, Tinct. of and

Myrrh.Aloesand Myrrh, Pills

of.Alum, Powdered.Alum, burned.American Hellebore.American Hellebore,

Norw’ood’s Tinct.American Columbo

Decoc.Ammoniac Mixture.Ammonia (Carbonate

of).Ammonia(Muriate of)

(Sal Ammo.)

Character.Nar. Sed. Nau.Nar. Sed. Nau.

Narcotic and Seda-tive.

Narcotic and Seda-tive.

Laxative and Tonic.Tonic and Astringent.Alterative and Astrin-

gent.Purgative.

Purg. and Emmen.Purgative.

Purgative.Emmenagogue.

Emmenagogue.Astringent.Escharotic, (use ex-

ternally.)Arterial Sedative.Arterial Sedative.Tonic.Expectorant.

Stimulant.Stimulant.

Dose.10 to 15 drops 3 times

a day.4 to 8 drops 3 times a

day.5 to 6 drops 3 times a

day.*4 t° x/igrain S.tiines

a day.Tablespoonful 4 hours

apart.Tablespoonful 4 hours

apart.Tabiespoonful 4 hours

apart.8 to 12 grains.

1 to 2 tablespoonfuls.

2 to 5 drams at bed-time.

2 or 3 pills at bedtime.Teasiioonful 3 times a

day.2 or 3 pills, twice a

day.5 to 10 grains.5 or 10 grains.

3 to 5 drops every 4hours.


Tablespoonful 3 timesa day.


4 to 6 grains every 4hours.

10 to 15 grains.

180 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALName.

Ammonia (AromaticSpirits).

Ammonia Water(Spts. Hartshorn).

Ammonia (VolatileLini.)

Angelica Root, Fid.' Ext.AngelicaRoot, Decoc.

Anise Seed (Oil of).Anise Seed, Essence

of.Anise Seed Infusion.Antimonial Wine.Antimonial Powder

(James’.)Apple Tree Bark,

Decoc.Arrow Root, (Bermu-

da.)Arsenic (Donovan’s

Sol.)Arsenic (Fowler’s

Sol.)Assafoetida (Milk of).Assafcetida (Pills of).

Assafoetida ( T i n c t.of).

Avetis Root (Decoc.of).

Balm Gilead BudsTinct.

Balmony (Decoc. of).

Balmony (Fid. Ext.of).

Balsam Copaiba.

Balsam of Fir.Balsam of Peru.Balsam of Tolu

(Tinct.)

Character.Stimulant.Stimulant and Caus-

tic.Rubefacient.

Stim. and Aromatic.Stim. and Aromatic.

Carmin. and Aromat.Carmin. and Aromat.

Carmin. and Aromat.Emetic.Sudorific.Tonic.

Nutritive and Tonic.

Alterative.Alterative and Febri-

fuge.Anti spasmodic.

Anti-spasmodic.

Anti-spasmodic.

Tonic and Astrin-gents.

Stim. Tonic and Diu-retic.

Tonic and Cathartic.Tonic and Cathartic.Stim. Diur. and Lax.Diuretic.Stim. and Tonic.Stim. and Tonic.

Dose.15 to 20 drops in

water.8 to 10 drops in water.

Apply externally.Teaspootiful 3 times a

day.Wineglassful 2 or 3

times a day.5 to 10 dropson sugar.Teaspoonful.

I or 2 tablespoonfuls.1 to 3 drams.2 to 5 grains.

Wineglassful 2 or 3times a day.

Use as a gruel.

4 to 10 drops 3 timesa day.


1 or 2 pills, 3 to 5grains each.

Teaspoonful or two, 2times a day.

25 or 30 drops 2 timesa day.

Tablespoonful 2 or 3times a day.

Teuspoonful 2 or 3times a day.

Wineglassful at bed-time.

Teaspoonful at bed-time.


10 to 20 drops 3 or 4times a day.

5 to 10 drops 2 timesaday.

30 to 45 drops daily.

AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 181Name. i

Balsam of Tolu(Syrup). iBay berry Bark (Infu-sion).

Belladonna, Eld. Ext.of.

Belladonna, Solid Ext.Belladonna (Plaster).Belladonna (Oint-

ment).Benue Plant (Infu-

sion).Beth Boot (Decoc. of).

IBeth Root (Fid. Ext.

of).Bitter Root (Fid. Ext.

of).Bitter Root (Decoc.

of).Bitter Sweet (Decoc.

of).Bitter Sweet (Fid.

Ext. of).Bitter Bugle(Fid.Ext.

of ).

Black Drop.

Black Cohosh (Decoc.of).

Black Cohosh (Fid.Ext. of).

Black Cohosh (Tinct.of).

Black Hellebore(Decoc. of).

Black Hellebore (Fid.Ext. of).

Black Hellebore(Solid Ext. of).

Black Hellebore!(Tinct. of).

Blackberry Root(Decoc. of).

Blackberry Root (Fid.Ext. of). j

Character.Stim. and Tonic.Astr., Stim., Emetic.Narcotic, Diaph. and

Diur.Narcotic, Diaph. and

Diur.Anodyneand Diuretic.AnodyneandDiuretic.jDem. and Laxative, jAstringentand Tonic.'

IAstringent and Tonic.

IAltera., Emetic andDiap.

Altera., Emetic andDiap.

Emetic and Narcotic.:Emetic and Narcotic.

Astringent and Tonic.

Narcotic.

Nar.,Diaph. and Diur.

Nar., Diaph. and Diur.Nar., Diaph. and Diur.

Hyd., Cath. and Emm.Hyd., Cath. and Emm.

Ilyd., Cath. and Emm.

;Hyd., Cath. and Emm.!; Astringentand Tonic.Astringentand Tonic.

1 Dose.- teaspoonfuls daily.

;T tablespoonful at bed-time.

2 to 5 drop*, repeat 4j hours.}4 to y<2 grain twice a

j day.Apply externally.

jApplyexternally.

jTablespomini every! 3 or 4 hours.iTablespoonful every| 3 or 4 hours.20 or 25 drops 3 times| a day.20 or 3 i drops 2 times

adav.2 or 3 teaspoonfuls 2

times a day.Wineglass 3 times a

day.25 or 30 drops3 limes

a day.25 to 36 drops 3 times


a day.Wineglass 3 times a

day.20 to 25 drops 3 times

a day.Teaspoonful 3 or 4

times a day.2 teaspoonfuls every 5

hours.10 to 20 drops 3 or 4

times a day.2 to 3 grains 3 or 4

times a day.20 or 30 drops 3 or 4

times a day.Wineglass 3 or 4 times

a day.Teuspoonful 3 times a

day.

182 VESSEL-MASTEE’S MEDICAL MANUALName.

Blackberry Root(Symp of).

B 1 essed Thistl e(Decoc. of).

Blue Cohosh (Fid.Ext. of).

Blue Cohosh (Decoc.of).

Blood Root (Tinct.of).

Bismuth (Subnitrate).Blue Vitriol.Blue Vitriol (Lotion).

Blue Mass (Pill).

Boneset, Infusion.

Boneset, Fid. Ext.Borax.Buchu, Infusion.Buchu, Fid. Ext.

Buchu, Tincture.Buchu and TTva Ursi

(Fid. Ext.)Buckthorn, Fid. Ext.

Burdock, Decoc.

Burdock, Fid. Ext.Butternut, Fid. Ext.Butternut (Solid Ext.)Burgundy Pitch Plas-

ter.Calomel.Calomel.Calomel. 1CamphorGum.Camphor Gum.Camphor, Spirits. jCamphor, Spirits. i

I Character.Astringent.

Tonic and Emetic.Diureticand Diaphor.

Diuretic and Diaphor.

Emet. and Expector-ant.

Anti-spas.Absorb. Sed.Emetic.Rub externally.Altera, and Siala-

gogue.Stirn., Sud. and Emm.

Stim., Sud. and Emm.Nephritic and Deter.Diur. and Diaphoretic.

Diur. and Diaphoretic.

Diur. and Diaphoretic.

Diuretic and DiaphorJ

Hydragogue Cathar-tic.

Herb and Anti-Bcorb.

Herb and Anti-scorb.Tonic and Cathartic, iTonic and Cathartic.Stimulant.Alterative.Sialagogue.Purgative.

Stim. and Narcotic..Anti-spas, and Sedat.

j Anti-spas, and Sedat.iStim. and Narcotic.

Dose.Tablespoonful 3 times

a day.Tablespoonful 3 times




a day.4 grains 2 timesa day.1 to 2 grains or more.3 or 4 grains in 1 m.

1, 2 or 3 pills (3 to 5grains each).

Tablespoonful 3 or 4times a day.

20 to 30 drops 3 or 4times a day.

120 to 30 grains.Tablespoonful 3 or 4

times a day.Teaspoonful 3 or 4

times a day.Dessertspoonful 4 to 6

i times a day.'Teaspoonful 3 or 4| times a day.Teaspoon ful at bed-

time.Teaspoonful 3 or 4

times a day.Teaspoonful twice aI day.Teaspoonful.10 to 15 grains.Apply externally

to 1 grain everyother night.

1 grain every 4 hours.5 to 10 grains at night,

dose oil in morning.5 to 10 grains.2 to 5 grains.10 to 20 drops.20 to 30 drops.

AND EAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 183

Name.Camphor Water. JCalamus Root, Fid..

Ext.Caraway Seed, Infus.Caraway Seed Oil.Caraway Seed, Tinct.CardamomSeed,Tinct. 1Carbolic Acid.

CarbolicAcid.Catechu Powder.Catechu Tinct.Catnip Decoct.

Catnip, Fid. Ext.Cayenne Pepper,

Powd.Cayenne Pepper,

Tinct.Cayenne Pepper,

Infus.Cayenne Pepper,

Lozenge.Castor Oil.Castor Oil Emulsion.Chalk Prepared.

Chalk Mixture.

Celandine, Fid. Kxt.chamomile Flowers,

Infus.Chamomile Flowers,

Fid. Ext.Chamomile Flowers,

Solid Ext.Chemical Food.Chloral Hydrate.

Chabacter.Anodyne and Sed.Arom.,Stini.andStom.

Arom. and Carm.Arom., Carm. and

l<ax.Aromatic and Stimu-

lant.Arom. and Stimulant.Irritant and Ansesth.Disinfectant.Astringent.

Astringent.

Car., Diaphor. andStom.

Car., Diaphor. andStom.

Stimulant.Stimulant.Stimulant.Stimulant.Purgative.Purgative.Antacid and Astrin-

gent.Antacid and Astrin-

gent.Aperient and Diu-

retic.Tonic and Stom.Tonic and Stom.

Tonic and Stom.Tonic (Syrup of Phos-

phates).Sudor, and Ansesth.

Dose.2 to 3 tea-poonfuls.Teaspoon fu l.Dessertspoonful.3 to 5 drops.

Teaspoonful.Teaspoonful.1 to 2 grains in gly-

cerine.In water, sprinkled

around.15 to 20 grains 3 time*

a day.Teaspoonful 3 times a

day.Tablespoonful 3 time*


day.3 to 5 grains.

5 to 15 drops.

Gargle for sore throat.

Gargle for sore throat.

1 or 2 tablespoonfuls.

3 or 4 tablespoonfuls.10 to 20 grains.2 to 4 drams.Teaspoonful 3 times a

day.Wineglassful 3 times

a day.Teas))ooiiful 3 times a

day.5 to 10 grains 3 times

a day.2 to 4 drams.15 to 20 grains. If

sleep is not pro-duced in x/i hourrepeat.


Character.Febrifuge, Anti-spas.

Narcotic and Sedative.

Anaesthetic and Nar-cotic.

Astrin. and Stom-achic.

Astrin. and Stom.arhio.

Stim., Arom. andCarm.



Diar. and Alterative.Splendid Tonic.Splendid Tonic.Nar., Diur. and Sedat.Nar., Diur. and Sedat.Nar., Diur. and Sedat.

Nar., Anti-spas, andDeob.

Carminative.Anti-syphilitic.Abs., Emm. and Part.

Anthelmintic., Laxative, Purgative.

: Astrin., Styp. andTonic.

. Astrin., Styp. andTonic.

Anti-spasmodic.

Bal. and Stom.Externally or gargle.

Dose.Teaspoonful doses, un-

til fever subsides.% to 1 dram in barley

water.to 1 dram inhaled

2 to 4 drops. Repeatin 3 hours.

20 to 20 drops. Repeat.

2 to5 drops.

10 to 15 grains.

Tablespoonful every 4hours.



Teaspoonful 3 times adny.

20 to 40 drops3 timesa day.


1 to 2 grains 3 timesaday.

1 to 3 grains twice aday.

Tablespoonful;repeat,to % of a grain.


4or 5 grains on emptystomach.

6 to 20 grains at bed-time.

Tablespoonful.



Tablcs]>oonful 3 timesa day.

Dram dilute for gar-gle.

Name.Chlorine Water.Chloroform.Chloroform.Cinnamon Oil.Cinnamon Essence.

ClovesOil.Cloves Powder.Cloves Infusion.Comfrey Root, Decoc.Colombo Root, Decoc.Colombo Root, Tinct.

Colchicum, Wine of.Colchicum, Fid. Ext.

Colchicum, Solid Ext.

Conium, Solid Ext.

Coriander Seed, Infus.Corrosive Sublimate.Cotton Root, Fid. Ext.

Cowhage.

Colocyntli (Comp.Ext.>

C ra n e s b i 11 Root(Decoc.)

Cranesbill Root (Fid.'Ext.)

Crampbark (Decoc.)

Crawley (Decoc.)Creosote Water.

AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 185Name.

Creosote.Cubebs (Powdered).

Cubebs, Fid. Ext.Cubebs, Tinct.Cubebs Oil.Culver’s Root (Fid.

Ext.)Culver’s Root (Solid

Ext.)Culver’s Root (Tinct.)

Dandelion (Fid. Ext.)

Dandelion SolidExt.)

Devil’s Bit (Decoc.)

Dittany (Infusion).

Dogwood Bark (Fid.Ext.)

Dogwood Bark( Decoc.)

Diaphoredc Powder.Dover’s Powder.Elder Flowers (Decoc)

Elder Flowers (Fid.Ext.)

Elecampane (Decoc.)Elecampane (Syrup).

Elaterium.Elm Bark (Infusion).Epsom Salts.Elm Bark Poultice.Ergot Powdered.

Character.Anaesth. and Antisep.Stim. and Diuretic.Stim. and Diuretic.Stim. and Diuretic.Stim. and Diuretic.L a x a t., Tonic and

Cath.Lax at., Tonic and

Cath.I. a x a t., Tonic and

Cath.Altera., Diur. and

Tonic.Aperient.

Ton., Stom. and Nar.Arom., Stim. and

Tonic.Tonic, Astrin. and

Stim.Tonic, Astrin. and

Stim.Sudor.Diaphor.

i Diaphor., Diur. andAltera.

Diaphor., Diur. andAltera.

Diaph. and Expect.

Diaph. and Expect.


Dem. and Diuretic.

Cathartic.Emollient.Astringent.

Pose.1 to 3 drops (in pills).20 to 30 grains 3 times



day.8 to 10drops 3 timesa


a day.5 to 8 grains 3 times


day.Teaspoon ful 3 times a

day.10 grains 3 times a

day.Teaspoonful 3 times a

day.Tablespoonful 3 times


day.VVineglassful 3 or 4

times a day.5 grains every3 hours.8 to 12 grains at bed-

time.Tablespoonful 3 times


day.Tablespoonful 3 times


a day.% to y2 grain.

Wineglassful3 timesaday.

4 to 6 drams in themorning.

Externally.10 to 15 grains'


Ergot (Wine of).

Featherfew (Decoc.)

Fennel Seed (Tnfus.)Fennel Seed Oil.Fever Root (Decoc.)

Fleabane (Infusion).

Fleabaue (Oil of).

Flaxseed (Infusion).

Flaxseed Poultice.Foxglove (Tiuct.)

Foxglove(Infusion). IGamboge.Garlic (Infusion).

Garlic (Syrup of).

Gentian (Tinct.)Gelseminum (Fid.

Ext.)Gelseminum (Tinct.)

Ginger, Powdered.Ginger (Tinct.)

Goldthread (Decoc.)

Gum Arabic (Mucil.)

G u a i a c u m Gum(Tinct.)

Gnaiacum Wood(Decoc.)

Hardhack.Hashish.

Character.Astringent.

Tonic, Stom. andKmrnen.

Arom. and Carmin.Atom, and Carmin.Cath., Ltiur. and

Emetic.Tonic, Diuretic and

Astrin.Astrin. and Styptic.

Demulcent.Astringent.

;Diur., Nar. and Seda.tDiur., Nar. and Seda.Cathartic.

Ton., Exp. and Stim.'Expectorant.

jBitter Tonic.Ner., Sed., Dia. and

Feb.Ner., Sed., Dia. and

Feb.Stim. and Carmin.Stim. and Carmin.Astrin. and Deodor-

ant.Demulcent.

Diuretic and Diaphor-etic.

Diureticand Diaphor-etic.

Tonic and Astrin.

See Indian Hemp.

Dose.Teaspoon ful every 15

in. till 5 are taken ;remit

TabU-spoonful at hcd-time.

Tablespoonful.3 to 5 drops.Tablespoonful. Re-

peat if necessaty.Winegla&sful 4 to (i

times a day.3 to 5 drops every 2

horns.Wineglassful 3 or 4

times a day.Apply externally.10 drops 3 or 4 times

a day.Teaspoonful twice a

day.2 or 3 grains and re-

peat if necessary.Tablespoonful 3 times

a day.Teaspoonful every 4

hours.Teaspoonful 3 times a

day.5 to 8 drops 3 times a


a day.15 to 20 grains. Re-

peat if necessary.Teaspoo nfu 1. Repeat

if necessary.Wineglassful (Wash

i the mouth).jTablespoonl'ul 3 times

a day.Teaspoonful 3 times aI day.Wineglassful 4 times

| a day.;10 grains 2 or 3 times

| a day.


Hellebore.Hemlock Bark,

Pow’d.Henbane (Fid. Ext.) jHenbane (Solid Ext.) ■Henbane (Tiuct.)

Hie; a Picra.Iloarhound (Decoc.)

Hoarhound (Syrup).Hoarhound(Fld.Ext).Hollyhock Flower

(Infus.)Hops, Infusion.

Huxham’s Tinct.

Hydrastin.

Iceland Moss.Iceplant (Decoc.)

Indian Turnip Root(Decoc.)

Indian Hemp (SolidExt.)

Indian Hemp (Decoc.)

Indian Hemp Resinof (Tinct.)

Iodine.Iodide of Potassium.

lodof mi.Ipecac, Powdered.Ipecac (Wine of).

Irish Moss (Infusion).

Iron, Bromide.

I roll.Carbonate (rust).Iron. Citrate.

Character.See Veratria Verlde,Alt., Diaph.

Nar. and Anodyne.Nar. and Anodyne.

[Nar. and Anodyne.

No good.Sud., Pec. and Tonic.Sud., Pec.Sud., Pec. and Tonic.Demulcent.Sud. and Tonic.Stim. and Tonic.Astrin., Tonic and

Anti-bil.Demulcent and Tonic.Demnlcentand Tonic.Stim.. Expec., Nar.

Anti-spas., Hyp.

Diar., Diur. andEmetic.

Arterial Sedative.Anodyne.Illood Purifier.Caustic (mild).Emetic20 grains; Fid.

Ext., 20 drops.Emetic and Diaphoret.

Nutritiousand Demul.

Anti-scorb. and Uter-ine.

Tonicand Chalybeate.Tonic and Chalybeate.

Dogs.

17GPage.Tablespoonful of

decoc.2b to 25 drops.2grains3 times a day.Teaspoonful 3 times a

day.Don’t take it.Tablespoonful in 2

hours.Tablespoonful in 2

hours.Teaspoonful.Wineglasgfnl 3 times

a da.v.Wineglassful 3 times

a day.Teaspoonful 3 time: a

day.1 to 2 grains 3 timesa

day.30 grains.Wineglassful 3 times

a day.Tablespoonful.

grain 3 timesa day.

Teaspoonful 3 or Itimes a day.

1 or 2 grains a day.1 dram in 8 oz. SyrupStillingia.

Ointment.Syrup, Teaspoonful.

Teaspoonful 3 times aj dayTablespoonful 3 times

| a day.1 grain.

5 to 10 grains.5 grains in water 3

times a day.


Iron Per. Sulph (So-lution).

Iron Per. Hydrogen.Iron, Phosphate of.Iron, Hypophosphate

of.Iron-’Syrup of Iodide

of.Iron. Sulphate of.Iron Tinct. Muriate.Ja ap Powdered.Jalap (Fid. Ext.)Ja'np (Solid Ext.)

•Jerusalem Oak(Decoc.)

Juniperberries(Infu.)

Juniperberries(Oil).Kermes Mineral.

Lactucarium.Ladies’ Slipper Boot,

Decoc.Ladies’ Slipper Root,

Fid. Ext.Laudanum as anLead Acetate.Lead, Acetate Sugar

of.Lead, Goulard’s Ex-

tract.Lead, Goulard’s Ce-

rate.Lime Water and Milk.Lime,Hypophosphate.

Lime, Comp. Syrup,Hypophos.

Lemon Balm (Infus.)Leptandrin.Liquorice Root

(Decoc.)Liquorice Root, Span-

ish Ext.

Character.Styptic.

Tonicand Chalybeate.Tonic and Chalybeate.Tonic and Chalybeate.

Tonic and Altera.

Tonic and Astring.Tonic and Chalybeate.Cathartic.Cathartic.Cathartic.

Anthelmintic.Diuretic.Diuretic.Diaphoretic and Diur-

etic.Anodyne.Nervine.Nervine.Anodyne 10 drops. AsAstringent and Seda-

tive.Astringent lotion.Sedative and Ano-

dyne.Sedative and Ano-

dyne.Sedative.

Prophylactic.

Prophylactic.

Diaph. and Stimulant.Cathartic.Demulcent and Ex-

pect.Demulcent and Ex-

pect.

Dose.Apply externally to

cuts.3 to 5 grains.5 to 10 grains.1 to 2 grains.15 drops 3 times a day.

1 to 2 grains.10 to 20 drops in water.10 to 15 grains.10 to 15drops.8 or 10 grains at bed-

time.Tablespoonful o n

empty stomach.Wineglassful 3 times

a day.3 or 4 drops.1 grain.

5 to 10 grains.Teaspoonful 2 times a

day.Teaspootiful in a day.

a Narcotic 20 drops.2 grains every 3 hours.3 or 4 grains in ounce

of water.1ounce in pint water.

External.Apply externally.Tablespoonfulfor sick

stomach.2 or 3 grains 3 timesa

day.Teaspoonful 3 times a

day.Tablespoonful.3 to 5 grains.Wineglassful 3 times

a day.At will.


Life Everlasting(Decoc.)

Life Root (Decoc.)

Life Root (Fid. Ext.) 1Liverwort (Decoc.)

Liverwort (Fid. Ext.)

Liverwort (Syrup).

Lobelia Herb Powd.Lobelia Herb (Infus.)Lobelia Herb (Fid.

Ext.)Lobelia Seed Powd.Lobelia Seed (Infus.)Lobelia Seed (Fid.

Ext.)Lobelia Seed (Tinct.)Lobelia Seed (Syrup).Lovage (Infus.)Macrotin.Magnesia, Carb.Magnesia,Calcined.Magnesia, Citrate of.

Maidenhair, IIerb,!Decoc.

Maidenhair, Herb,'Syrup. j

Marshmallow Root,Infus.

Marshmallow Root,Syrup.

Marshrosemary Root,Decoc.

May Apple Root,Powd.

May Apple Root(Decoc.)

May Apple Root (Fid.Ext.)

May Apple Root(Solid Ext.)

Character.Astrin., Diaph. and

Stom.Tonic, Diaph. and

Pecto.jT>*nic, Diaph. and

Pecto.Astrin., Demit]. and

Pec.Astrin., Demul. and

Pec.Astrin., Demul. and

Pec.Emetic and Diaph.Emetic and Diaph.Emetic and Diaph.

Emetic and Diaph.Emetic and Diaph.Emetic and Diaph.

Emetic and Diaph.Expectorant.Carm., Stom., Emm.Nar., Dia., Diur. and

Ner.Laxative and Antacid.Antacid andLaxative.

j Purgative.

J Expec. and Stomac.j Expec. and Stomac.

I Demulcent and Diu-ret.

DemulcentandDiuret. jAstringent.


. Ilydragogue Cathar-tic.


Hydragogue Cathar-tic. 1

Dose.Tablespoonful.Tablespoonful.

Teaspoonful.

Tablespoonful.

Teaspoonful.

Tablespoon ful.5 or 6 grains.Teaspoonful. Repeat.20 to ISO drops. Re-

peat.5 to 10 grains.Teaspoonful.10 to 20 drops.

V2 teaspoonful.Teaspoon ful.Teaspoouful.

I 2 grains.. 10 to 20 grains.15 to 25 grains. Re-

peat if necessary.6 to 10- ounces, on

empty stomach.Tablesp. on ful.

Tablespoon ful.• Tablespoonful every

3 hours.[Tablespoonful every

3 hours.Tablespoonful twice a

day.• 15 or 20 grains at

night.Tablespoonful at

night.■ 15 to 25 drops at

night.■5 to 10 grains at1 night.

190 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALName. I

May Weed, Herb,(Infus.)

Manna (Syrup of).Mercury and Chalk.Mercury, Proto-iodide

of.Mercury,Deuto-iodide

of. !Mercury, Red Precip.

Oint.Mercurial Ointment,

(Blue).Milkweed Root;

(Infus.)Morphia, Sulphate of.Morphia, Solution of.

Morphia, Syrup of.

Morphia, Comp.Syrup. Jackson’s!Cough Syrup.

Motherwort (Decoc.)

Mullein Leaves(Infus.)

Mustard Seed, (black)Ground.

Mustard Seed (white)Ground.

Mustard Plaster.Myriciu.

Nettle Herb, Infus. !

Nitrate of Silver,Chrys.

Nitrate of Silver,Mild.Sol.

Nitrate of Silver,Lunar Caustic.

Nutgalls, Tinct. of.

I Character. tDiaphoretic and Su-

| doiific.\Laxative.lAlterative.Alterative and An-,

| ti-syphilitic.Alterative and An-

j ti-syphilitic.Stimulant, external.Resolvent, external.Diuretic and Ano-

dyne.Anodyne and Sopori-

fic.Anodyne and Sopori-

fic.

Anodyne and Sopori-fic.

Anodyne and Expect-orant.

Nervine and Emme-nagogue.

Anodyne and Demul-cent.

Stim., Diur. andEmetic.

Stim., Diur. and| Emetic.Rubefac.and Vesicant.Nervine and Diapho-

j retie.[Tonic and Astringent.

jAstrin.and Anti-spas.

Stimulant and Deter-j gent.lEscharotic.

| Astringent.

Dosk.Tablespoonful. Re-

peat.1 dram on empty

stomach.8 or 10grains.}/2 to 1 grain twice a

day.1-ltith to l-12th of a

grain twice a day.Apply to old ulcers.

Apply to swellings,etc., etc.

Teaspoonful. Repeatif necessary.

34 to of a grain.

Teaspoonful everyhour until 5 aretaken.

Teaspoonful everyhour until 5 aretaken.

Teaspoonful every 3hours.

Teaspoonful every 3hours.

Wineglassful 3 timesa day.to 40 grains.

20 to 40 grains.

External application.2or 3 grains.


34 to grain twice aday.

Apply externally.

Apply externally.



Name.Nutgalis, Ointment

of.Nux Vomica, Tinct.

Nux Vomica, Fid.Ext.

Nux Vomica, SolidExt.

Opium Powdered.

Opium, Tincture of.Opium, Camphorated

Tinct.Orange Peel, Tinc-

ture.Oswego Tea (Infus.)

Parsley Root, Infus.

Pareira Root, Infus.PareiraBrava, Decoc.Pareira Brava, Fid.

Ext.Paregoric.

Pennyr >yal, Infusion.

Peppermint, Infu-sion.

Peruvian Bark, Pulv.Peruvian Bark

(Decoc.)Peruvian Bark (Fid.

Ext.)Peruvian Bark (Solid

Ext.)Peruvian Bark, Hux-j

ham’s Tincture.Piperine.Pilewort (Decoc.)Pink Root (Infusion).

Pink Root (Fid. Ext.)

Pink Root (Comp.)and Senna.

! Character.Astringent, (excel-

lent tor Files.)Exc., Stim., Tonic and

Diur.Exc., Stim., Tonic and

Diur.Exc., Stim., Tonic and

Diur.Narcotic and Stimul.

See Laudanum.See Paregoric.

Tonic and Carmina.Tonic, Stim. and

Eebri.Diuretic and Altera-

tive.Diuretic and Nep.

Diuretic and Altera-tive.

Diuretic and Altera-tive.

Anodyne.

Emm., Stim. andDiaph.

Stimulant and Car-min.

Tonic and Febrifuge.Tonic and Febrifuge.

Tonic and Febrifuge.

Tonic and Febrifuge.

| which see.

Tonic and Stimulant.A8tring. amd Herp.Anthelmintic.Anthelmintic.Anthelmin. and Pur-

gative.

Dose.Apply externally.

10 drops3 timesa day.

3 or 4 drops3 times aday.

1 grain 3 times a day.

1 grain at night. Re-peat if necessary.

Teaspoonful 3 times aday.



Tablespoonfnl 4 or 5timesa day.


25 or 30 drops 3 timesa day.


Wineglassful eveiyhour.

Wineglassful 2 or 3times a day.

1 dram 2 times a day.Wineglassful 3 times


a day.10 or 15 grains twice

a day.

1 or 2 grains.Apply externally.Tablespoonful before

each meal.30 to 60 drops before

each meal.Teaspoonful before

each meal.


Pipsisseway (Decoc.)

Pleurisy Root (Irrfus.)Pleurisy Root (Fid.

Ext.)Podophyllin.

Poplar Bark (Decoc.)Pond Lily Root

(Decoc.)Potassium, Bromide.Potassium, Iodide of.Potash, Bicarbonate.Potash, Chlorate.Potash, Chlorate Solu-

tion.Potash, Citrate.Potash, Nitrate (Salt-

petre).Potash, Prussiate.

Quassia (Infusion).

Quassia (Tincture).

Queen’s Root (Decoc.)

Queen’s Root (Fid.Ext.)

Queen of the MeadowRoot (Decoc.)

Quince Seed (Decoc.)Raspberry Leaf

(Infus.)Raspberry Leaves

(Syrup).Ragweed (Decoc.)

RhatanyRoot (Decoc.)Rhatany Root (Tinct.)Rhubarb, Pulv.Rhubarb, Tincture

Comp.

Character.Tonic, Diuretic and

Astringent.Carm., Tonic and

Diur.Carm., Tonic and

Diur.Drastic and Purga-

tive.Tonicand Febrifuge.Astringent.

Anti-scorbutic.Alterative and Anti-

syphi.Antacid and Diuretic.Prophylactic.

Wash or gargle.

Refrigerant and Dia-plior.

Refrigerant and Dia-phor.

Anodyne and Seda-tive.

Bitter Tonic.

Bitter Tonic.

Alterative and Cath-artic.

Alterative and Cath-artic.

Diur. and Arom.

Demulcent.Astringentand Tonic.

Astringentand Tonic.Anthelmintic and

Tonic.Astringentand Tonic.Astringent and Tonic.Cathartic and Astrin.Cathartic and Astrin.

Doss.4 drams 3 times a day.

4 drams 3 timesa day.

60 drops 3 times a day.

1 grain or 2at night.


Tablespoonful3 timesa day.

4 to 8 grains.5 to 10 grains 3 times

a day.10 to 20 grains.10 or 15 grains in

water.2 drams in pint of

water.15 to 20 grains.

5 to 10 grains.

10 to 15gr ains in watertwice a day.

1 drain % hour aftermeals.

30 to 40 drops % hourafter meals.

4 drams3 timesa day.

60 drops3 timesa day.

2 drams 3 timesa day.

2 drams3 timesa day.Wineglassful every

hour or two.Tablespoonful 3 or 4

times a day.Tablespoonfnl 3 times

a day.Wineglassful.TeaspoonI'u 1.20 grains.Teaspoouful.


Rhubarb, Fid. Ext.Rhubarb (Syrup of).

Rochelle Salts.Rue, Herb (Decoc.)

Saffron, Am. (Decoc.)Saffron, Am. (Infu.)Saffr 'U, Span.(Decoc.)Saffron, Span. (Infu.)Sage (Infusion).Salicylic AcidSalicylate of Soda.Salicine (from willow-

bark).Santonine.Sarsaparilla (Decoc )

Sarsaparilla (Fid.Ext.)

Sarsaparilla, Comp.Syrup.

Sassafras Bark (In-fus.)

Sassafras, Pith of(Infus.)

Savin Leaves (Infus.)

Savin Leaves (Ex-tract).

Savin Leaves, Oil of.Scammony, Powd.Scutellarin.Seidlitz Powders.Senega Snake Root

(Decoc.)Senega Snake Root

(Fid. Ext.)Senega Snake Root

(Syrup.)Senna (Decoc.)Senna, Fluid Ext.

Character.Cathartic and Astrin.Cathartic and Astrin

Aperient.

Tonic. Emm andI Anthel.Diaphoretic doses.Stimulant and Emm.Diaphoretic dose.Stimulant and Emm.Sudorific and Stom.Febrifuge and Tonic.For Acute Rheuma-

| tism.Febrifuge and Tonic.

Anthelmintic.Alterative and Deo.Alterative and Deo.

Alterative and Deo.Diaph. and Stimulant.Demulcent and Ano-

dy.Emmen., Stim. and

Diur.Emmen., Stim. and

I'iur.Emmen., Stim. and

Diur.Cathartic.Nerv , Sudo.and Diur.Aperient.

Expec., Stim. and| Diur.Expec., Stim. and

| Diur.Expec., Stim. and

| Diur.|Cathartic.Cathartic. '

Dose.'20 to 30 drops.Teaspoonful (after

blue pill).*4 ounce on empty

stomach.2 drams.

2 or 3 drams (fluid).4 to 6 fluid drams.1 or 2 fluid drams.3 or 4 fluid drams.4 fluid drams.1 dram in 24 hours.15 grains 5 times in 24

hours.4 or 5 grains 3 timesa

day.1 to 2 grains twice a

day.8 fluid ounces in 24lion s.

1 fluid dram 3 timesaday.

4 fluid drams 4 timesa day.

Wineglassful 6 timesa day.

Excellent to bathe in-flamed eyes.

1 or 2 fluid drams.

5 to 8 drops.

2 or 3 drops (in pill).

10 or 12 grains atnight.

1 to 2 grains.1 powder on empty

stmoach.Tablespoonful.

20 to 30 drops.

1 or 2 fluid drams.Tablespoonful.'30 to 60 drops.


Skull Cap, Infus.Skull Cap(Fid. Ext.)

Skunk Cabbage (In-fus.)

Spirits Mindererus.Spikenard (Decoc.)

Stillingea Root (Fid.Ext.j

Stramonium Leaves(Tinct.)

Stramonium Leaves(Olnt.)

Stramonium Leaves(Ext.)

Sweet Basil (Infus.)

Sweet Marjoram(Decoc.)

Sweet Spirits Nitre.

Sweet William.Tansy double

(Decoc.)Tansy double, Oil of.Thyme(Infus.)

Thyme (Farmenta-tion).

Thorn Apple (Fid.Ext.)

Unicorn Root (Infus.)

Unicorn Root (Fid.Ext.)

Uva Ursi Leaf (De-coc.)

Uva Ursi Leaf (Fid.Ext.)

Veratrum V e r i d e(Eld. Ext.)

Veratrum Veride,Norwood’s Tinct.

Character.Nerv., Sudo. and Diur.Nerv., Sudo.and Diur.Stim., Ex. and Anti-

spas.Diaphoretic and Diur.Pectoral and Stom-

achic.Alterative.Nar., Sed. and Anti-sp.

Sedative.Narcotic and Sedative.Aromatic and Stimu-

lant.Diaphoretic and

Tonic.Diur., Diaph. and

Febrif.Stimulatin g and

Tonic.Sud., Emm. and An-

thel.Sud., Emm. and An-

thel.Arom. and Stom.Sedative.Nar., Sed and Antl-sp.

Tonic and Diuretic.Tonic and Diuretic.Tonic and Diuretic.Tonic and Diuretic.Arterial Sedative.Arterial Sedative.

Dose.1 fluid ounce 3 or 4times a day.Teaspoonful every 3

or 4 hours.Teaspoonful.

Tablespoon ful. Re-peat if necessary.

Tablespoonful. Re-peat if necessary.

30 to 00 drops 4 timesa day.20 to 25 drops 3 timesa day.

Apply externally.

1 to 2 grains.

Tablespoonful. Re-peat if necessary.

1 fluid ounce. Re-peat if necessary.

16 drops to a dram inwater.

1 or 2 ounces 3 timesa day.


• 10 to 15 drops. Dan-gerous.

6 to"8 drams. Repeatif necessary.

Apply externally.

15 or 20 drops. Re-peat if necessary.

6 to 8 drams. Repeatif necessary.

60 drops. Repeat ifnecessary.

1 fluid ounce. Repeatif necessary.

60 drops. Repeat ifnecessary.




Name. iWatermelon Seed

(Decoc.)Water Pepper Herb

(Tinct.)Water Pepper Herb

(Fid. Ext.)Water Dock (Decoc.)Mahon Bark (Decoc.)Wahoo Bark (Fid.

Ext.)Wild Ginger (Decoc.)

Wild Cherry Bark,Cold Infus.

Wild Cherry Bark(Fid. Ext.)

Wild Cherry Bark,Syrup.

Wild Lettuce Herb(Infus.)

White Oak Bark(Decoc.)

White Mustard Seed.

Yarrow Herb (Decoc.)Yellow Dock (Decoc.)

Yellow Dock (Fid.Ext.)

Yellow Jessamin (Fid.Ext.)

V'e I 1 o w Jessamin,Tinct.

Yellow Parella (De-coc.)

Yellow Root (Decoc.)

Yellow Root (Eld.Ext.)

Yellow Root (Tinct.)

Zedoary (Decoction).

Zinc, Acetate of.

Character. !and Diu-

j retie.Stim., Diur. and

Emm.Stim., Diur. aud

Emm.Astriu. and Deter.Tonic, Lax. and Alter.Tonic, Lax. and Alter.

Stim., Arom., Diaph.

Tonic, Astring. andSed.

Tonic, Astring. andSed.

Sedative.

Narcotic andDiuretic.Astringent.

Stim., Diur. andEmetic.

Astrin. and Diaph.Alterative, Deter, and■ Diaph.Alterative and Diaph.

Sed., Dia. and Feb.Sed., Dia. and Feb.Alter., Tonic and

Laxa.Astrin., Tonic and

Anti-bil.Astrin , Tonic and

Anti-bil.Astrin., Tonic and

Anti-bil.Stomachic.Astringent Lotion

Dose.jl fluid ounce 4 times

a day.60 drops. Repeat it

1 necessary.20 to 30 drops. Re-

peat if necessary.Apply externally.1 fluid dram.60 drops. Repeat if

necessary.1 fluid ounce 3 times



a day.4 to 6 fluid drams 3

times a day.6 or 8 fluid drams.

Syringe vagina.

30 to 60 grains.

1 fluid ounce.1 fluid ounce.

40 to 60 drops.

5 to 10dropsu

Teaspoonful.

2 drams 3 times a day.

2 drams. Repeat.'


60 drops 3 times aday.

4 fluid drams 3 timesa day.

1 dram in pint ofwater. Use exter-nally.


Zinc, Chloride of.

Zinc, Chloride of.Zinc, Sulphate of.Zinc, Sulphate of.

Zinc, Valerianate of.

Character.Caustic and Discu-

tient.Astringent Lotion.Emetic.AstringentLotion.

Tonic and Anti-spasmodic.

Dose.% grain in water

twice a day.5 grains in pint water.

Apply externally.•20 to 40 grains.40 to 60 grains in pint

water. Apply ex-ternally to reduceswellings.

1 grain a timesa day.

A General Rule lor PrescribingMedicines.

A child under one year old will require one-twelfthof a dose for adults.

A child two years old will require one-eighth of adose for adults.

A child three years old will require one-sixth of a dosefor adults.

A clii Id four years old will require one-fourth of adose for adults.

A child seven years old will require one-third of adose for adults.

A child thirteen years old will require oue-half ofa dose for adults.

A child eighteen years old will require two-thirdsof a dose for adults.

A child twenty and over will require full dose for anadult.

THE PORT OF PHILADELPHIAoffers the most extraordinary facilities to ves-sels which have met with disasters at sea, torefit and refurnish. We have, in addition toour commodious and safe harbors, anchorage atour magnificent piers for any amount of ton-nage, with water of sufficient depth to accom-modate vessels of the heaviest draft. TheDelaware river, at this point, is free from ob-

AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 197struction, and the navigation is at once safe,simple and pleasant.

At this port are congregated the best ship-smiths and machinists in the world. Here aresituated the well-known works of Birely, Hill-man & Co. ; Baird & Huston ; A. S. Simpson &

Bro.’s dry docks; John Baizley & Sons, andothers, whose well-earned reputations for faith-ful work and fair dealing, has made Philadelphiathe objective point for tempest-tossed marinersin all parts of the broad Atlantic. Here also aresituated the naval store depots of such firms asEdwin H. Fitler & Co.; Shubert & Cottingham ;Bartlett & Shepherd, and hosts of others too nu-merous to mention.*

Above the city proper, at Port Richmond, liesthe ship-yard of Commander Gorringe, late ofthe United States Navy, perhaps the most com-modious and best equipped naval constructiondepot in the world. Here thousands of skilledmechanics are constantly employed in buildingand fitting out some of the finest vessels thathave ever been launched.

Sail-making, at this port, has been pushed toa degree of excellence never exceeded, andrarely equalled at any other part of this country.

Opposite the city, at Cooper’s Point, on the* When our canvasser called upon one of the widest

known Ship-Machinists in this city for an advertise-ment for this book, he was sneeriugly told that “ fivedollars spent on an engineer would go farther thanfifty spent in advertising honest work and fair prices.”If this is true, Philadelphia has reason to be proud ofher engineers : and her vessel-owners should seekprotection from the tender mercies of their friends.We will give the name of this firm to any shipownerwho may desire it.

198 VESSEL-MASTER'S MEDICAL MANUALNew Jersey shore, rrmy he found also some ofthe best ship-yards and dry-docks in this or anyother country. Here, also, ample anchorage andfacilities for repairs of vessels may be found.Among the prominent live men engaged in ship-building here may be mentioned Messrs. Morris&Mathis; Hillman & Co.; Wood & Co.; SamuelJ.Tilden (who also has a Marine Railway), andJos. Bay more’s spar-yard, under the able super-intendence of Mr. E. Bowen, where a fleet ofvessels can be sparred at a week’s notice. Here,also, are the smith shops of Messrs. Sheppard& Fitliian, whose work is all A. No. 1. No bet-ter can be found.

Farther down the river on the same side arethe yards of Vanneman & Son ; Dialogues &Co., and others, who turn out the best of work,and employ none but the best and most skilfulmechanics. In one word, Philadelphia andCamden offer facilities for ship building andrepairing not to be found in any other port inAmerica—if in the world.

Music vs. Medicine.Now hear the conclusion of the whole mat-

ter : friends and countrymen, let us have moremusic and less medicine in our families, and wewill all be wiser and better, healthier and hap-pier.

Music strengthens the lungs and the limbs; itdevelops the muscles of the throat and chest,and sheds a benign influence over the temperand disposition. It promotes cheerfulness andcontentment, and distils its drop of quiet pleas-ure into tiie huge, unsightly bucket of worldlycares and daily vexations which at times cloud


the existence of us all. Let us have more of it.Parents, practice it yourselves, and teach it toyour children ; devote a part of each day to itscultivation; very little consumption ever findsa resting place in families where vocal and in-strumental music abounds ; and Pestilozzi says“no good musician was ever hanged.” That isa consideration of itself worthy of note.

During his extensive travels in Europe, thelate Dr. Lowel Mason, of Boston, failed to findone single case of pulmonary consumption inthat portion of the German Empire washed bythe waters of the Rhine. The cause of this ex-treme healthiness he attributes to the universalprevalence of music. Every child that is bornlearns music as he learns to read; in a word heimbibes it with his mother’s milk, and by thetime he reaches his tenth year he can read musicwith equal facility with poetry. It is no un-common tiling, says Mr. Mason, to hear a con-cert on the Rhine, given by two, three, or evenfour boat-clubs who accidentally meet on theriver, in which the various parts of the har-mony are rendered with astonishing accuracyand sweetness, by parties who never met beforein their lives. These minstrels perform the mostintricate and difficult madrigals and fuges, withmarvelous correctness of time and tune, sim-ply because accustomed to it from their earliestchildhood. Nor is this all. They are a fine-looking, ruddy, healthy class of people, with amuscular development which would do honor toa Roman gladiator. They are never sick, anda cough is unknown among them. They exer-cise their lungs and their muscles at the sametime ; and a boy or girl who cannot sing is a

200 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALphenomenon rarely or never seen in Germany.There is no reason under the sun why musicshould not be as universally cultivated in Amer-ica as in Germany: and if it were, its legitimateeffects upon the health and tempers of ouryoung people would be as beneficial here asthere. There is nothing peculiar in our cli-mate which predisposes our youth to such dis-eases as consumption, base ball, and a disposi-tion to go west and “kill Injuns;” and Itake upon myself the responsibility of saying,that were they regularly instructed in thetheory and practice of music, the above-nameddiseases and many others, equally difficult tocontrol, would in a short time disappear fromour midst. Consumption would give place tohealthy lungs, and a cheerful disposition; baseball would be superseded by the more usefuland respectable occupations of sawing wood,getting in coal, and sweeping the streets; whilegoing west to “kill Injuns” would pale intoinsignificance beside the glories of conductinga mud-machine, or an odorless excavator.

Every household in the land should have amusical instrument of some kind: a piano, ora parlor organ ; these latter instruments arebeing brought to a degree of perfection in thiscountry which the most sanguine had hardlydared hope for. They are placed on themarket also, at prices which bring them withinthe reach of all. even those in the most moderatecircumstances. There are many houses in thiscity where good instruments may be obtainedfor a very small sum of ready money, thus ena-bling all to partake of the pleasure and profitwhich is alone derived from a good musical in-

AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 201strument, played by a master hand. Davidcharmed the devil out of old Saul, by the skillful manner in which he swept the strings ofhis harp—not a jevv’s harp—and David is notthe only person who has learned by happy ex-perience how to expel the devil of discord andcontention from the family circle, by the skillfuluse of music and song. Verily I say unto you,my brethren, “Music hath charms to soothethe savage breast,” and those families who havemost of it will be the most cheerful and con-tented : and contentment is happiness.

The following interesting article from “Mc-Master’s History ” is especially appropriate atthis time. F. C. M.

The Origin of Yellow Fever Infection.In McMaster’s history of the people of the

United States, in contrasting the condition ofmedical science in 1784 with the improved meansfor the cure and prevention of disease now prac-ticed, he alludes to the fact that yellow feverwas in the days of the Colonies as great ascourge in the Northern cities as it has sinceproved to be in the cities of the South. An ad-dress delivered before the British Medical As-sociation at Liverpool by Charles Creighton,M. I)., M. A., on the “Autonomous Life of theSpecific Infections,” of which the full text isgiven in the Medical Record, contains some in-teresting facts concerning the history and geog-raphy of yellow fever which go far to explainthe prevalence of yellow fever at an early day,and the subsequent exemption of Northerncities from its ravages. The first point that

202 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALstrikes one, he says, is that it appeared in theseventeenth century as a new disease. Thenext point is that there is something peculiar inits geographical distribution. We are apt tolocate yellow fever at the ports bordering theGulf of Mexico and Brazil, but facts show thatit had been a scourge in Philadelphia and NewEngland many ‘years before its appearance inNew Orleans, where it first broke out in 1796,while it was first known in Rio in 1849. How-ever, it does not appear to be latitude and longi-tude that govern the distribution of the disease.The one thing which covers its history and itsgeography is, according to our authority, theslave trade. He shows that it has followed thecourse of the ships engaged in the contrabandslave trade. The disastrous outbreak in Barce-lona in 1821 gave the first clew to the connectionbetween yellow fever and the slave trade. Uponinquiry, it was ascertained that there had ex-isted a great amount of dysenteric sicknessamong the human cargo of the ships which hadreturned to the Spanish ports laden with mer-chandise immediately after discharging theirloads of slaves at the West Indies. This was atthe time of the irregular slave trade, and corre-sponds with the period of the outbreak ofcholera in America, Spain and the west coastof Africa. These facts, which were discoveredby Dr. Audouard, a physician employed by theFrench Government to investigate the cause ofthe disease, suggested to him that the scourgewas a peculiar form of typhus fever, due to mat-ters which could be traced to the negro body.“There is something,” he said, “quite peculiarto the negro’s constitution, and it was not sur-


prising that the discharges from his sick body-should be able, when fermeuted. to produce inothers a typhus fever of a peculiar type.” Hisopinions were rejected by the French RoyalAcademy of Sciences, which did not considerthat his facts covered enough space. Neverthe-less, Dr. Creighton asserts tnat the whole historyand geography of yellow fever in America wr ason his side, and Dr. Audouard’s theory seemsto gain additional force from the fact that inthe seaboard cities of the United States thefever was practically eradicated soon after theimportation of negroes ceased. Another con-firmation may be found in the establishment ofyellow fever in the seaports of Peru in 1853. Atabout this time there arrived in Callao crowdedshiploads of sickly Chinese. These people, likethe negroes, did not have yellow fever, andthey are said to enjoy the same immunity fromthe disease on shore; but they suffered fromthose dysenteric and other non-contagious ail-ments which are the antecedents of yellowfever. A curious fact is the immunity of thenegro from yellow fever, although he is pecu-liarly liable to cholera and the ordinary formsof typhus. This immunity, says Dr. Creighton,is perhaps not so striking now, when the negroblood is less pure, but all the earlier authorswere much impressed by it. As an example,he cites the summer of 1866 at Vera Cruz, atwhich time the yellowT fever decimated theFrench soldiers, the Arabs from Algiers, In-dians from the interior of Mexico and theCreole troops, while among the 900 negro sol-diers raised in the West Indies and in theSoudan and Nubia there were but three cases

VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALand only one death. Hence, he argues Dr.Audouard was right in ascribing the origin ofyellow fever to the filth of slave ships. Addedto this is the fact that the disease rages most inquarters thickly inhabited by negroes. It stilllurks about the wharves where cargoes ofslaves used to be landed. The soil seems to beimpregnated with the germs of the scourge,and, he says, “every few years, when theweather is at the hottest, it rises into a pesti-lence, as if it were the ghost of the slave tradewalking. But it passes by the negro, as if itrecognized the ties of blood ; and I want noother fact than that to prove that even this in-fection, belonging to the exogenous group, isbut one step removed from perturbations of thenormal life, and that it carries with it the in-delible stain of its origin.”

All-powerful Fashion. A New Dis-covery.

Fashion dictates the removal of all the naturalteeth, and the substitution of an artificial set intheir place. Fashion is a benefactress! Is shenot furnishing work for the needy dentist?Fashion dictates the cutting off of the fronthair of ladies, and the substitution of “threesets of shingle bangs,” plastered upon the fore-head, covering the little brains with which theAlmighty has endowed them, and giving them-selves the appearance of a Shetland pony that hasescaped from a badly conducted menagerie.Fashion is a good, kind mother ! Does she notprovide employment for the hairdresser ?

Ladies, follow the fashion. Fashion is a won-derful sorceress. Follow her, if she leads youto the “d—mnition bowwows.”


A new discovery 1ms just been made, which isbound to become immensely fashionable andpopular among the ranks of uppertendom ;

especially as it discards certain old-fashionedand slow processes, introduced by nature, andnature’s God, and substitutes in their places anew and scientific principle, which shortensand simplifies certain matters, and renders somethings decidedly more genteel and ladylike.

It is a well-known and long-lamented fact,that as ladies recede from the age of thirtyyears (they never grow old), they increase inwhat the French call embonpoint, that is tosay, the abdomen grows unfashionably large.To obviate this Prof. Reipheimup, the greatEnglish manipulator, has just made the aston-ishing discovery that “ bowels are supernumer-ary; having only been placed in the abdominalcavity to fill up,” and lie lias accordingly re-moved those of Lady Diana Shallipate, of Bum-stein Manor, and placed in the cavity a far moreelegant and useful apparatus, which completelyovercomes the natural deformity, “ and rendersthe person delightfully slim,elegant and fashion-able.” The Bumstein Palladium of Fashionthus describes the operation of the new dis-covery :

“At 10 o’clock this morning, at BumsteinManor, Prof. Reipheimup performed the‘newoperation ’ upon Lady Diana Shallipate, for thepurpose of reducing corpulence. After openingthe abdominal cavity, and removing the uselesssmall intestines, for the Professor has discoveredthat the small intestines are useless, the patientwas placed under the influence of an anesthetic,and a soft rubber tube about an inch iu diame-

206 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALter was inserted in their place. This tube at theupper end communicates directly with the stom-ach, and the lower end with the outlet of theintestinal canal. The impossibility of any offalremaining in the abdomen is thus secured, andthe idea of corpulency forever shut out of thequestion. The operation was a complete suc-cess; and is destined to become intenselyfashionable.”

Diplitlieria.There can be no possible doubt bnt that much

of the diphtheria of the present day owes itsorigin to the use in sleeping-rooms, of impure,dirty specimens of kerosene oil, burned in filthy,ill-trimmed lamps, which in a large majority ofhouseholds are allowed to burn all night. Theflame of the lamp is turned down low, in ordernot to interfere with the sleeping, and the roomis filled with the poisonous fumes, which are in-haled into the throat and lungs. These fumesdestroy the membranes, and pave the way forsome of the most obstinate cases of diphtheriawhich the physician is ever called upon to treat.Prevention is better than cure. If you musthave a light “ to see to sleep by,” a common tal-low candle is far better than a kerosene lamp:Neither is at all necessary. If you have chil-dren or invalids who require attention at night,a lamp and a match-box on a small table at thehead of the bed, within easy reach, is all that isnecessary to procure a light at a moment’s no-tice. Sulphur is believed by some physicians tobe a specific for diphtheria. A teaspoonful in awineglass of water, stirred with the finger, usedas a gargle, will, in its early stages, give instantrelief; swallow a part of it. Take of finely pul-

AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 207verized sulphur one ounce ; glycerine two ounces,mix well, and give a tablespoonful three or fourtimes a day. Saturate a sponge with the same,and apply to the nostrils. If this treatment isapplied in time, it is always successful.

Various Preparations of Dextro-quinine.

No. 1.Dextro-quinine, 1

dram; SyrupLiquorice,8 ounces. Mix. Dose,teaspoonful every twohours, for children inintermittent lever.


dram; Elixir Eucalyp-tus (Kino) Comp., 4fluid ounces. Mix, andgive children 20 to 30or 40 drops as often asrequired in malaria.


grains; Dilute Hy-drochlor. Acid,4ounce;Simple Syrup, 1 ounce ;Distilled Water, 4ounces. Mix, and givetablespoonful every 4hours after sweating inintermittent lever.

Double the quantity 3dday.

No. 4.Carbonate Ammonia,

2 drams; Dextro-qui-nine, 2 drams; Tinct.Aconite Hoot, 25 drops;Water, 8 fluid ounces.Teaspoonful every twohours in pneumonia.


grains; Huxliam’sTincture, 6 fld. ounces;Dil. HydrochloricAcid, 25 drops. Tea-spoonful 4 times a dayin intermittents, as atonic. Double dose7th,14th and 21st days.


grains; Tinct. Orangepeal, 4 fld. ounces ; Dil.Sulphuric Acid. 1 fld.

208 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUALdram; Chloroform, 1fid. dram. Teaspoon-ful 3 times a day inwater. Same as No. 5.


dram ; Syrup Iodide ofIron, 4 fid. drams ; In-fusion Colombo Root,8 ounces. Teaspoonful

3 times a day, aftermeals. Alterativetonic.


drams; Infusion Fox-glove, 3 fid. ounces.Teaspoonful every 2hours in scarlatinaand sore throat.Yery important.

Various Forms of Dextro-quinine Pills.No. 9.

Pulv. Iron,60grains;Dextro-q u i n i 11 e , 60grains; Strychnia, ligrains. Mix, and make60 pills. Dose, 2 a dayas a tonic.


grains; Valletta Mass,60 grains; Phosphorus,SOgrains; AlcoholExt.Nux. Yom, 5 grains.Mix, and make 30 pills,one at morning andevening. The finesttonic known.


grains 5 Podophyllin,30 grains; Sanguina-rian, 30 grains; Pulv.Cloves. 5 grains; Sol.Ext. Dandelion, suffi-cient to make 30 pills.Take 2 or 3 a day. Anexcellent liverpill.

No. 12.Dextro-quinine, li

drams; Phosphorus, 15grains; Alcohol Ext.Nux. Yom., 5 grains;Pulv. Liquorice, suffi-cient to make 60 pills.Dose 1,3 times a day.Not as active as No.10. For general de-bility.


No. 13.Sub. Carb. Iron, 60

grains; Dextro-qui-nine, 60 grains ; Strych-nia, 2 grains; Atropia,1 grain. Sol. Ext.Dandelion, sufficient tomake 60 pills. Com-mence with 2 a day,and after 5 days in-crease to 3. An ex-cellent emmenago-gue.


drams; Pepsin, 15grains; Lactate ofLime, 5 grains. Pulv.Liquorice sufficient tomake 60 pills. Dose 3or 4 pills a day, for in-digestion.


grains; Gallic Acid, 30grains; Sol. Ext. Catechu, 30 grains. Pulv.Liquorice sufficient tomake 30 pills, of whichone may be taken every3 or 4 hours, in cases ofinternal hemorrhage.Alternate with DiluteNitro-Muriatic Acid.

No. 16Dextro-quinine, 30

grains; Dandelion Sol.Ext., 60 grains; Pulv.Mandrake Root, 15grains. Mix, and make30 pills. One may betaken every 2 hours.Tonic liverpill.

No. 17.Dextro-quinine, one

and one-half drams;Honey sufficient. Mix,and make 30 3 grainpills. One may betaken every 3 hours.Tonic.


grains; Leptandrin, 30grains; Alcoh. Ext.Nux Vomica, 2 grains.Mix thoroughly withhoney, and divide into30 pills. Commencewith 2 a day. Increaseto 4. Dinner pill.


grains; Vallett’s Mass,| 60 grains; Oil of Pars-I ley, 30 drops ; Alcoh.Ex. Nux Vomica, 6grains. Mix, and make


into 30 pills. Take 2a day in obstinate casesof painful and re-tarded menstrua-tion.

No. 20.Dextro quinine, 1

dram; Ergotine, 1dram ; Pulv. Foxglove,and Ext. Hyoscyamus,of each, 5 grains. Mix.and make 40 pills. Takeone or two every 3 or 4hours, in bleeding atthe nose.


drams ; Reduced Iron,

90 grains; Arsen ionsAcid and Strychnia, ofeach, 2 grains ; Confec-tion of Roses, sufficientto make 60 pills. Takeone 3 times a day. Ailexcellent tonic.

No. 22.Pulv. Foxglove, 30

grains; Sulph. of Iron,60 grains ; Pulv. Cae-cum, 60 grains; Dex-tro quinine, 60 grains;Sol. Ext. Gentian, suf-ficient to make 60 pills.Take one 3 times a dayto stimulate theheart’s action.

N. H.—Dextro-quinine may be used as a substitutefor the Sulphate of Quinine in all cases—grain forgrain.

Various Preparations of Dextro-Quinine.

For WhoopingCough.

Dextro-quinine, 1dram; HvdrobromicAcid Soh.li fid. dram ;Syrup Ginger, H fid.drain; Water, 6ounces. Dessertspoon-ful 4 times a day. In

crease according to theage of the child.

For Neuralgia.Dextro-quinine, 60

grains; Chloride ofAmmonia, 40 grains.Mix, and make 12 pow-ders. Take one anhour after each meal.

A.WD FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 211

For Severe Head-ache.

Dextro-quinine, 15grains; Sulphate ofM o r p h i a . 1 grain ;

Syrup of Ginger, 1ounce; Rose Water,4 onn ees. Tablespoon-ful 30 minutes beforeeach meal.For Pains in tin*.

Back.Dextro-quinine, 1

dram; Camphor, 15grains; Black SnakeRoot, 15 grains ; Ext.Gentian (Solid,) 30grains. Mix, and di-vide into 30 pills. Takeone every 2 hours.

For MalarialFever.

Dextro-quinine, Cam-phor and Mild Chlorideof Mei-cury, of each, 24grains; Pulv. Opium,6 grains. Mix, and di-vide into 24 pills. Takeone every 2 hours.

For Neuralgia.Dextro-quinine, 80

grains; Dil. Phos.Acid, 2 fkl. drams;Water, 1 and a halfounces. Mix; teaspoon-ful every 3 hours, givesprompt relief.For Night Sweats.

D e x t r o -quinine, 1dram ; Dil. SulphuricAcid, 2 Ad. drams;Syrup Ginger, 1 fid.ounce; Water, 4 fid.ounces. Dessertspoon-ful before going to bed.Checks promptly.For Severe Head-

ache.Dextro-quinine, 60

grains ; Sol. Ext. Hen-bane, 2 grains. Mix,make 12 pills. Takeone every 3 hours.Most satisfactory in itseffects.

Painful Menstruation.By the particular request of many ladies, both

married and single, who have consulted me

212 VESSEL-MASTEE'S MEDICAL MANUALupon this most interesting and important sub-ject, I have been induced to add somethingmore to what has already been said, and to givesome further directions in relation to its domes-tic treatment.

It is capable of demonstration that more thanone-half of the women in this country who havepassed the age of puberty are, to a greater orless extent, troubled in this particular manner.And it is a question which is to-day exercisingthe thought of the most capable and intelligentphysicians in all parts of the country. Whatis the nature, and what the causes ofthis extremely troublesome and obsti-nate disease ? And what are the meansto be employed for its cure ?

Painful menstruation, or Dysmenorrlicea,”unquestionably is in many instances a constitu-tional disorder of the uterus; a narrowing ofthe uterine canal, which can only be reached bythe use of mechanical means. Particularly isthis the case in regard to many ladies who haverepeatedly borne children, and who have neversuffered in this manner until after becomingmothers. In many other cases the trouble ispurely nervous, and owes its origin to causesremote from the organ involved, and traceableentirely to habits superinduced by ignorance orcarelessness, or both.

The cases in which the pain is caused bynatural obstructions I have found to be exceed-ingly rare. Many of them are only apparent,not real; at least, what appeared to be obstruc-tions, and impediments to the catamenial dis-charge, disappear in a great many instances onthe application of proper remedial agents.

AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE.without the use of mechanical means. Thecause will generally be found in some species ofnervous irritability, dating far back of the or-ganic trouble. This nervous form of the diseaseis by far the most common ; it is attended withintense pain, and if from neglect or false mod-esty, it is permitted to become chronic, it will lefound exceedingly difficult to relieve, and per-manently to cure.

The treatment for young and unmarried fe-males should be purely of a constitutional char-acter ; at least until an exhaustion and failureof such means shall render other treatment abso-lutely indispensable. The presence of this diseasealways indicates great nervous irregularity, anda general degeneracy of the system at large; acondition which is best combated by a generalcourse of tonic and recuperative treatment. Ifthe patient is suffering from the present attack,the treatment should be directed to immediaterelief. General treatment applies to the intervalbetween the attacks. Iron, in almost all itsdifferent forms, is indicated in cases of thischaracter. The dry sulphate, taken in livegrain doses every three hours. Pill of thecarbonate, three to five grains, every four orsix hours. Syrup of the iodide, ten drops ina little water, may be taken every two orthree hours, in cases where the discharge isimperfect, scanty and lacks color. In cases ofan opposite character, either too frequent ortoo much, Arsenic is indicated. “ Fowler’sSolution ” may be taken in doses, commencingwith five drops, three times a day, gradually in-creasing as the system will bear, until ten ormore are taken. In most phases of this disease

VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL214iii unmarried women, I have found that a strongtincture of Blacksnake-root (Cimicifuga), givenin ten or twelve drop doses, three times a day,commencing ten days before the expected period,and continued in live grain doses three times aday, during the continuance of the painfulperiod, has produced an almost magical effect.The tincture of pulsatilla in doses of fifteendrops three times a day is also highly recom-mended. Many physicians prescribe the variouspreparations of opium in this disease. I gave itup as utterly useless, twenty-five years ago.

This disease has two different and distinctforms ; one is in the uterus; the other in the ova-ries. The first named variety clearly has noobstruction connected with it, and yet it is at-tended with great pain until the commencementof the discharge, when the pain subsides andthe patient enjoys comparative freedom andrest. In these cases the pain is probably due toan effort of the uterus to discharge the super-fluous fluid contained in the small vessels of themucous membrane. This always occurs inwomen who belong to one of two differentclasses. First, in those of full, plethoric habit,or secondly, in those whose general health is farbelow the average standard.

In the case of young girls, as soon as the nat-ural indications of menstruation commence toappear, (and the mother should keep the mostvigilant watch for them,) there is perhaps noagent known to the medical profession of suchvaried and universal application as that partic-ular preparation of parsley root, known asapiol. Drs. Ioret and Baillot, of Paris, recom-mend it in doses of four grains twice a day,


commencing ten days before the expected period.Later experience, however, shows that a singledose of ten grains a day, in a capsule, is a betterand more useful mode of exhibition. As theyoung girl approaches the timeof her change, thequick eye of the intelligent and careful mother atonce discerns the landmarks, and prepares herselfto meet them. She at once understands the gen-eral languor and sleepiness; the occasional com-plaints of pain in the back and limbs ; the dark-ening circles around the eyjs; and the generalpallor and putty-like appea ance of the counte-nance. A series of hot batlu each night, beforeretiring, wrapping in blankets, and full doses ofhot teas, are followed by the. use of the apiol, asnoted above, and a few da /s of quiet care in-doors, and a lifetime of suffering and misery isavoided. Commence right. Progress right, andyou will never end wrong.

There is one other class of cases to which theattention of the physician is often called: Thisis where the menstrual discharge commenceswithout pain, and so continues for two or threedays, when pain of the most terrible intensitysets in and continues until means are usedto neutralize it. These symptoms very fre-quently occur in well-developed young women,those of full, strong habit, vigorous and mus-cular in person, and apparently free from everyform of disease. For a few days prior to theexpected period this class of patients complainof vertigo, imperfect vision, headache, tender-ness of the breasts, pain in the back and otherailments. In these cases the disease is unques-tionably ovarian. And the best mode of treat-ment is to give ten grains of the bromide of so-

216 VESSEL-MASTER'S MEDICAL MANUALdium about 10 o’clock A. M., 4 P. M., and 10P. M., with brisk friction on the skin, and hotfootbaths before retiring for the night, andapiol in fifteen grain doses each morning. Thistreatment must be followed up by a generousdiet, gentle daily exercise in the open air, andsuch other aids to the promotion of generalhealth as may be at hand. If relief is notpromptly obtained, consult an intelligent phy-sician, telling him fully and freely your troubles.

THE USE OF SALT.We live in an age of follies, foibles, and fan-

cies. To be the promulgator of a new theory orism seems to be the sole ambition < f a certain,or more correctly, a very uncertain class ofsociety. And it makes no difference, how ab-surd, or unphilosophieal the theory may be, ifit is only new, it will find advocates and disci-ples everywhere. Among other follies of theday some indiscreet persons are objecting to theuse of salt, and propose to do without it. Noth-ing could be more absurd. Common salt is themost widely distributed substance in the body ;

it exists in every fluid and in every solid ; andnot only is everywhere present, but in almostevery part it constitutes the largest portion ofthe ash when any tissue is burnt. In particu-lar, it is a constant constituent of the blood,and it maintains in it a proportion that is almostwholly independent of the quantity that is con-sumed with the food. The blood will take up somuch and no more, however much we may takewith our food ; and, on the other hand, if nonebe given, the blood parts with its natural quan-tity slowly and unwillingly. Under ordinary cir-

AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 217cumstances a healthy man loses daily abouttwelve grains by one channel or the other, andif he is to maintain his health that quantity isto be introduced. Common salt is of immenseimportance in the processes ministering to thenutrition of the body, for not only is it the chiefsalt in the gastric juice and essential for theformation of bile, and may hence be reasonablyregarded as of high value in digestion, but it isan important agent in promoting the processesof diffusion, and therefore of absorption. Directexperiment has shown that it promotes the de-composition of albumen in the body, actingprobably by increasing the activity of the trans-mission of fluids from cell to cell. Nothing candemonstrate its value better than the fact thatif albumen without salt is introduced into theintestines of an animal no portion of it is ab-sorbed, while it all quickly disappears if salt beadded. If any further evidence were requiredit could be found in the powerful instinct whichimpels animals to obtain salt. Buffaloes willtravel for miles to reach a “ salt-lick ;

” and thevalue of salt in improving the nutrition and theaspect of horses and cattle is well known toevery farmer.

The conclusion, therefore, is obvious thatsalt, being wholesome, and indeed necessary,should be taken in moderate quantities, andthat abstention from it is likely to be injurious.

A Female Accomplishment.There are thousands of people in this country,

who are profoundly ignorant of the fact thatmany, very many of the most beautiful and ac-complished women in this country, particularly

VESSEL-MASTER'S MEDICAL MANUAL218

in the Southern States, while yet in theirteens, make themselves mistress of the politeand lady-like accomplishment of Snuff-rubbing !The article used, which is a very elegant com-pound, is prepared especially for their use fromchoice materials, carefully selected from particular localities. Boys are employed to search thegutters and barroom spittoons, of such classicallocalities as Seventh and Alaska streets, and togather such choice morsels of refuse tobacco, asthe darkies and bummers of those genteelregionseject from their mouths in the shape of whatare scientifically termed old sogers and cigarstumps. These, after being duly soaked in asolution of Cocculus Indicus, Nux Vomica,and Henbane, are placed in a large oven, andsubmitted to an intense degree of heat; afterwhich they are transferred to a drngmill, andground into that elegant compound, known asScotch Snuff. It is now ready for sale to theladies for the purpose of rubbing. Reader, didyou ever see a lady perform this delicate and re-fined operation ? No? Well, then, your educa-tion has been sadly neglected. She carries thesnuff loose in a pocket or bag made for the purpose, and with a stick somewhat resembling aChinese chop-stick, and loaded with the snuff,she seizes her delicate ruby lip with one hand,and pulling it out from her teeth, with theother she swabs her gums to her heart’s content.


A GOOD PLACE TO BUY DRUGS,ETC.

The reader of these pages will have noticedall along through the book that frequent refer-ence is made to the pharmaceutical preparationsof WILLIAM R. WARNER & CO., Manu-facturing Chemists, and Importers and Whole-sale Dealers in Drugs, Medicines and Physicians’Supplies, No. 1228Market street, Philadelphia,and No. 22 Liberty street, New York.

This house is thoroughly reliable; thewriter has dealt with them for twelve yearsin succession, and has always found them fairin prices, their goods pure and unadulterated,and their clerks and salesmen gentlemanly andaccommodating. In buying of WARNER &

CO., it is not necessary that you should be ajudge of the article needed, or that you shouldknow the prices elsewhere; pure goods beingsold by them, as low as impure goods are bysome other houses. 1 would call especial atten-tion to the following: INGLUVEN (Ventri-culus callosus gallinaceus). A powder pre-scribed in the same manner and doses as pepsin.This is a wonderful remedy for Indigestion.Dyspepsia and Sick Stomach, from any andall causes. Acts with promptness and cer-tainty. Try it.

LIQUID PANCREO-PEPSIN:A powerful digester. Put up in sixteen ouncebottles. Price $1.

ARTHROSIA:A valuable remedy in gout, rheumatism, neu-ralgia, and diseases of the liver and kidneys.A trial will pay you well. William R.Warner & Co., Wholesale Agents, 1228 Marketstreet, Philadelphia.

220

INDEX.

Ti tle page, 1.Introduction, 3.Preface, 5.llemarks, 7.Acknowledgment, 6.Advertisements, 168, 219.

Abscess of the pharynx, 17.Acute gastritis, 59.Addison’s disease, 19.A female accomplishment,

217, 218.Alcoholism, 22.All-powerful fashion, 204-

206.Aneurism, 20.Angina pectoris, 21.Apothecaries’ fluid meas-

ure, 177.Apothecaries’ weight, 177.Artificial disinfectants, 146.Ascites, 49.Asthma, 23.Autumn catarrh, 56.Avoirdupois weight, 177.

Barber’s itch, 23.Bell’s palsy, 90.Best dentifrice, 152.Best whitewash, 151.Biles or boils, 25.Bilious fever, 24.Biliousness, 25.Bilious typhoid, 57.Bites, 24.Black vomit, 54.

Bleeding (at lungs), 60.Bleeding piles, 92.Bloody flux, 50.Bowel complaint, 26.Brain troubles, 25.Bright’s disease, 26.Bronchitis, 27.Bubo, 28.Burns and scalds, 29.

Calculi, 29.Camp fever, 53.Catarrh (in the head), 30.Catarrh (of the bile ducts)

70.Catarrh (nasal chronic), 89,Cautionary signals, 168-

170.Chicken-pox, 31.Chillsand fever, 32.Chlorine, 147.Cholera (Asiatic), 33.Cholera (infantum), 34.Cholera (morbus), 36.Chorea, 117.Coal-tar, 146.Colic (intestiual), 39.Constipation, 40.Convulsions, 41.Cow-pox, 42.Cramps, 41.Croup, 42.Cutaneous diseases, 43.Debility (general), 44.Delirium tremens, 22.

INDEX 221Deodorizers, 145.Dextro-quinine, prepara-

tions of, 207-211.Diabetes, 46.Diarrhoea, 47.Diphtheria, 48, 206.Disease, new theory of, 10.Disinfectants, 145.Dropsy, 49.Drowning, how to save

from, 144.Dry measure, 177.Duchenne’s paralysis, 01.Dysentery, 50.Dyspepsia, 51.

Eating, 164.Electricity, galvanic or

voltaic belts, 14.Emmenagogues, 164-166.Enteric fever, 128.Epilepsy (fits), 51.Equinia, 62.Eruptions of the skin, 51.Erysipelas, 52.Eyes (inflammation of), 52.Eyes vs. Spectacles, 153.

Falling sickness, 51.Falling of the womb, 136.Famine fever, 57.Farcy, 62.Fever and ague, 32.Fever (hay), 56.Fever (malarial), 83.Fever (camp), 53, 83.Fever (enteric), 128.Fever (famine), 57.Fever (relapsing), 57.Fever (ship), 53.

Fever (typhus), 53.Fever (yellow), 54.Fits, 41.Flowers in sleeping-rooms,

142.Flux (bloody), 50.

I Food, adulteration of, 8.I Food for the sick, 160-102.

! Gangrene, 08.Gas, 148.Gastralia, 58.Gastric catarrh, 59.

I Glanders, 62.Gleet, 60.Gonorrhoea, 61.Good teeth, 152.Gout, 63.Graham bread, 162.Gypsum, 146.

Hsemorrhoids, 02.Hair dye, 154.Hands, chapped, 77.Headache, 64.Heart disease, 65.Helminthiasis, 138.Hemorrhage, 66.Hemorrhage (from cuts),

67.Hepatic abscess, 78,Herpes circinatus, 102.Hooping cough,67.Horses, 166.How to read gas meter, 140.Hydrophobia, 68.Hypersemia of the liver, 80.Hysteria, 60.

Icterus, 72.

222 INDEX.Indigestion, 51.Inflammation, 70.Inflammation (of the eves),

52.Inflammation (of the

throat), 27.Inflammation (of the peri-

toneum), 91.Inflammation (of the spinal

cord), 85.Insect bites and stings, 115.Insects on trees, 163.Insolation, 120.Insomnia, 112.Instincts and outstinks,

163.Intestinal hemorrhage, 71.Intestinal obstruction, 71.Intermittent fever, 71.Irish moss jelly, 161.“ Jack” (yellow), 72.Jaundice, 72.June cold, 56.

Kidney disease, 26.Kidney (cancer of), 73.Kidney (movable), 73.Kidney (nephritis), 74.Kidney (tubercular), 74.Kine-pox, 42.King’s evil, 110.

Laryngitis (acute), 75.Laryngitis, 42.Lead poisoning, 76.Leucorrhcea, 77.Lips (chapped), 77.Liver (abscess of), 78.Liver (congestion of), 80.Liver (shrinking of), 79.

i Lock-jaw, 81.Looseness (of the bowels),

47.Lungs(consumption of),82.

Malaena, 71.Malaria, 83.Malignant jaundice, 79.Mania a potu, 22.Meaning of words in

“ Doses ” Table, 178.Measles, 83.Medicines by measure, 177.Melville’s family Medi-

cines, 168.Menorrhagia, 155.Menstruation, painful, 211—

216.Mercurial rheumatism, 103.Migraine, 64.Morbilli, 83.Morbus regius, 72.Mumps, 84.Music vs. Medicine, 198-

201.Myelitis, 85.

Natural disinfectants, 145.Nausea, 86.Nephritis, 86.Nervousness, 87.Neuralgia, 88.Neuralgia of the stomach,

58.Neuralgia of the heart, 21.Neurosis, 69.Night sweats, 87.Nursing the sick, 150.

Obstruction (of the bowels),71.

INDEX. 223Old sores, 114.Ophthalmia, 52.Ozsena, 89.

Painter’s colic, 76.Palpitation (of the heart),

90.Palsy (Bell’s), 90.Paralysis, 91.Parotitis, 84.Peritonitis, 91.Pestilentia, 93.Pestis, 93.Piles, 91.Plague, 93.Pleurisy, 97.Plumbism, 76.Podagra, 63.Poisons (general treatment

of), 172-177.Poisoning, 94-97.Polymia, 46.Port of Philadelphia, 196-

198.Porous clay, 146.Poultices, 158, 159.Pox, 122.“ Prolapsus Uteri,” 136.Ptyalism, 103.Pulmonary consumption,

82.Pyrosis, 135.

Quain’s disease, 99.Quinsy, 98.Quick-lime, 146.

Rabies, 68.Rachitis, 101.Relapsing fever, 57.

Remittent fever, 24.Renal abscess, 26.Rheumatism (acute), 100.Rheumatism(chronic), 100.Rheumatic fever, 99.Rheumatic gout, 63.Rickets, 101.Rigours, 32.Ringworm, 102.Rose cold, 73.Roseola, 103.Rupture (of the heart), 103.Rule for prescribing fot

children, 196.

Salivation, 103.Salt rheum (tetter), 23.Salt, use of, 216, 217.Scarlet fever, 104.Scarlatina, 104.Scalds and burns, 29.Scald head, 109.Scalp disease, 109.Scorbutus, 111.Scrofula, 110.Scurvy, 111.Sea-sickness, 107.Ship fever, 53.Shoes (to make wear

well), 155.Sick-room philosophy, 143.Skin disease, 43.Sleeplessness, 112.Small-pox, 113.Snake bites, 116.Sores (old), 114.Sore throat, 48.Sound sense, 170-172.Sprains, 114.Stains (to remove), 149.

224 INDEX,St. Anthony’s fire, 52.St. Guy’s dance, 117.St. John’s dance, 117.St. Vitus’ dance, 114.Stings of insects, 115.Stone in the bladder, 29.Stoppage, 71.Stopping holes in ships,

141.Stricture, 118.Subluxations, 114.Sudor, 87.Suffocation, 119.Summer complaint, 36.“ Sun’s cholera remedy,”

35.Sunstroke, 120.Sunstroke (to prevent),

159.Sweats (night), 87.Swellings, 121.Syphilis (primary), 122.Syphilis (secondary), 123.

Table of doses for adults,179-196.

Tape worm, 139.Testes (enlarged), 124.Tetanus, 81.Tetter, 23.“The air we breathe,” 141.“The perambulator,” 153.The “ festive mosquito,”

162.Things worth knowing,

141.Tic douloureux, 88.Tobacco, 163.Tonsils (enlarged), 98.Toothache, 125.

i To purify water, 143.Trichinosis, 126.Trismus, 81.

j Troy weight, 177.| Tumors, 127.Typhoid fever, 128.

Ulcers, 114.Unleavened bread, 162.Urethritis, 118.Urine (incontinence of),

129.i Urinary organs, 130.Uterine hemorrhage, 155-

157.Vaccination, 131.Vaccinia, 42.Varicella, 31.Varioloid, 133.Venereal disease, 122,123.Vomiting (and in preg-

nancy), 134.

Water brash, 135.Water (to purify), 143.What do you take medicine

for, 9, 10.Wine stains (to remove),

151.Wine whey, 162.Womb (falling of), 136.Womb complaint, 137.Worm (tape), 139.Worms (intestinal), 138.Wounds, 140.

Yellow fever, 54.Yellow fever infection,

201-204.

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The vessel-master's and steamboat-captain's medical manual